X-Git-Url: https://git.saurik.com/bison.git/blobdiff_plain/3ae2b51f0851bfd63f73ca4bc263292839d757b1..70afaf26037e919f6abf3904e43845d116899df3:/TODO

diff --git a/TODO b/TODO
index 14bd676f..91845136 100644
--- a/TODO
+++ b/TODO
@@ -1,142 +1,118 @@
 -*- outline -*-
 
-* URGENT: Documenting C++ output
-Write a first documentation for C++ output.
-
-* value_components_used
-Was defined but not used: where was it coming from?  It can't be to
-check if %union is used, since the user is free to $<foo>n on her
-union, doesn't she?
-
-* yyerror, yyprint interface
-It should be improved, in particular when using Bison features such as
-locations, and YYPARSE_PARAMS.  For the time being, it is recommended
-to #define yyerror and yyprint to steal internal variables...
-
-* documentation
-Explain $axiom (and maybe change its name: BTYacc names it `goal',
-byacc `$accept', probably based on AT&T Yacc).  Complete the glossary
-(item, axiom, ?).
-
-* report documentation
-Extend with error.  The hard part will probably be finding the right
-rule so that a single state does not exhibit to many yet undocumented
-``features''.  Maybe an empty action ought to be presented too.  Shall
-we try to make a single grammar with all these features, or should we
-have several very small grammars?
-
-* documentation
-Some history of Bison and some bibliography would be most welcome.
-Are there any Texinfo standards for bibliography?
+* Header guards
+
+From Franc,ois: should we keep the directory part in the CPP guard?
+
+
+* Yacc.c: CPP Macros
 
-* Several %unions
-I think this is a pleasant (but useless currently) feature, but in the
-future, I want a means to %include other bits of grammars, and _then_
-it will be important for the various bits to define their needs in
-%union.
+Do some people use YYPURE, YYLSP_NEEDED like we do in the test suite?
+They should not: it is not documented.  But if they need to, let's
+find something clean (not like YYLSP_NEEDED...).
 
-When implementing multiple-%union support, bare the following in mind:
 
-- when --yacc, this must be flagged as an error.  Don't make it fatal
-  though.
+* Installation
 
-- The #line must now appear *inside* the definition of yystype.
-  Something like
+* Documentation
+Before releasing, make sure the documentation ("Understanding your
+parser") refers to the current `output' format.
 
-	{
-	#line 12 "foo.y"
-	  int ival;
-	#line 23 "foo.y"
-	  char *sval;
-	}
+* lalr1.cc
+** vector
+Move to using vector, drop stack.hh.
 
-* --report=conflict-path
+* Report
+
+**  GLR
+How would Paul like to display the conflicted actions?  In particular,
+what when two reductions are possible on a given lookahead token, but one is
+part of $default.  Should we make the two reductions explicit, or just
+keep $default?  See the following point.
+
+** Disabled Reductions
+See `tests/conflicts.at (Defaulted Conflicted Reduction)', and decide
+what we want to do.
+
+** Documentation
+Extend with error productions.  The hard part will probably be finding
+the right rule so that a single state does not exhibit too many yet
+undocumented ``features''.  Maybe an empty action ought to be
+presented too.  Shall we try to make a single grammar with all these
+features, or should we have several very small grammars?
+
+** --report=conflict-path
 Provide better assistance for understanding the conflicts by providing
-a sample text exhibiting the (LALR) ambiguity.
+a sample text exhibiting the (LALR) ambiguity.  See the paper from
+DeRemer and Penello: they already provide the algorithm.
 
-* Coding system independence
-Paul notes:
+** Statically check for potential ambiguities in GLR grammars.  See
+<http://www.i3s.unice.fr/~schmitz/papers.html#expamb> for an approach.
+
+
+* Extensions
+
+** Labeling the symbols
+Have a look at the Lemon parser generator: instead of $1, $2 etc. they
+can name the values.  This is much more pleasant.  For instance:
+
+       exp (res): exp (a) '+' exp (b) { $res = $a + $b; };
+
+I love this.  I have been bitten too often by the removal of the
+symbol, and forgetting to shift all the $n to $n-1.  If you are
+unlucky, it compiles...
+
+But instead of using $a etc., we can use regular variables.  And
+instead of using (), I propose to use `:' (again).  Paul suggests
+supporting `->' in addition to `:' to separate LHS and RHS. In other
+words:
+
+       r:exp -> a:exp '+' b:exp { r = a + b; };
+
+That requires an significant improvement of the grammar parser.  Using
+GLR would be nice.  It also requires that Bison know the type of the
+symbols (which will be useful for %include anyway).  So we have some
+time before...
+
+Note that there remains the problem of locations: `@r'?
 
-	Currently Bison assumes 8-bit bytes (i.e. that UCHAR_MAX is
-	255).  It also assumes that the 8-bit character encoding is
-	the same for the invocation of 'bison' as it is for the
-	invocation of 'cc', but this is not necessarily true when
-	people run bison on an ASCII host and then use cc on an EBCDIC
-	host.  I don't think these topics are worth our time
-	addressing (unless we find a gung-ho volunteer for EBCDIC or
-	PDP-10 ports :-) but they should probably be documented
-	somewhere.
 
-* Output directory
-Akim:
-
-| I consider this to be a bug in bison:
-|
-| /tmp % mkdir src
-| /tmp % cp ~/src/bison/tests/calc.y src
-| /tmp % mkdir build && cd build
-| /tmp/build % bison ../src/calc.y
-| /tmp/build % cd ..
-| /tmp % ls -l build src
-| build:
-| total 0
-|
-| src:
-| total 32
-| -rw-r--r--    1 akim     lrde        27553 oct  2 16:31 calc.tab.c
-| -rw-r--r--    1 akim     lrde         3335 oct  2 16:31 calc.y
-|
-|
-| Would it be safe to change this behavior to something more reasonable?
-| Do you think some people depend upon this?
-
-Jim:
-
-Is it that behavior documented?
-If so, then it's probably not reasonable to change it.
-I've Cc'd the automake list, because some of automake's
-rules use bison through $(YACC) -- though I'll bet they
-all use it in yacc-compatible mode.
-
-Pavel:
-
-Hello, Jim and others!
-
-> Is it that behavior documented?
-> If so, then it's probably not reasonable to change it.
-> I've Cc'd the automake list, because some of automake's
-> rules use bison through $(YACC) -- though I'll bet they
-> all use it in yacc-compatible mode.
-
-Yes, Automake currently used bison in Automake-compatible mode, but it
-would be fair for Automake to switch to the native mode as long as the
-processed files are distributed and "missing" emulates bison.
-
-In any case, the makefiles should specify the output file explicitly
-instead of relying on weird defaults.
-
-> | src:
-> | total 32
-> | -rw-r--r--    1 akim     lrde        27553 oct  2 16:31 calc.tab.c
-> | -rw-r--r--    1 akim     lrde         3335 oct  2 16:31 calc.y
-
-This is not _that_ ugly as it seems - with Automake you want to put
-sources where they belong - to the source directory.
-
-> | This is not _that_ ugly as it seems - with Automake you want to put
-> | sources where they belong - to the source directory.
->
-> The difference source/build you are referring to is based on Automake
-> concepts.  They have no sense at all for tools such as bison or gcc
-> etc.  They have input and output.  I do not want them to try to grasp
-> source/build.  I want them to behave uniformly: output *here*.
-
-I realize that.
-
-It's unfortunate that the native mode of Bison behaves in a less uniform
-way than the yacc mode. I agree with your point. Bison maintainters may
-want to fix it along with the documentation.
+** $-1
+We should find a means to provide an access to values deep in the
+stack.  For instance, instead of
 
+	baz: qux { $$ = $<foo>-1 + $<bar>0 + $1; }
+
+we should be able to have:
+
+  foo($foo) bar($bar) baz($bar): qux($qux) { $baz = $foo + $bar + $qux; }
+
+Or something like this.
+
+** %if and the like
+It should be possible to have %if/%else/%endif.  The implementation is
+not clear: should it be lexical or syntactic.  Vadim Maslow thinks it
+must be in the scanner: we must not parse what is in a switched off
+part of %if.  Akim Demaille thinks it should be in the parser, so as
+to avoid falling into another CPP mistake.
+
+** -D, --define-muscle NAME=VALUE
+To define muscles via cli.  Or maybe support directly NAME=VALUE?
+
+** XML Output
+There are couple of available extensions of Bison targeting some XML
+output.  Some day we should consider including them.  One issue is
+that they seem to be quite orthogonal to the parsing technique, and
+seem to depend mostly on the possibility to have some code triggered
+for each reduction.  As a matter of fact, such hooks could also be
+used to generate the yydebug traces.  Some generic scheme probably
+exists in there.
+
+XML output for GNU Bison and gcc
+   http://www.cs.may.ie/~jpower/Research/bisonXML/
+
+XML output for GNU Bison
+   http://yaxx.sourceforge.net/
 
 * Unit rules
 Maybe we could expand unit rules, i.e., transform
@@ -150,160 +126,96 @@ into
 	exp: exp '+' exp | exp '&' exp;
 
 when there are no actions.  This can significantly speed up some
-grammars.
-
-* Stupid error messages
-An example shows it easily:
-
-src/bison/tests % ./testsuite -k calc,location,error-verbose -l
-GNU Bison 1.49a test suite test groups:
-
- NUM: FILENAME:LINE      TEST-GROUP-NAME
-      KEYWORDS
-
-  51: calc.at:440        Calculator --locations --yyerror-verbose
-  52: calc.at:442        Calculator --defines --locations --name-prefix=calc --verbose --yacc --yyerror-verbose
-  54: calc.at:445        Calculator --debug --defines --locations --name-prefix=calc --verbose --yacc --yyerror-verbose
-src/bison/tests % ./testsuite 51 -d
-## --------------------------- ##
-## GNU Bison 1.49a test suite. ##
-## --------------------------- ##
- 51: calc.at:440       ok
-## ---------------------------- ##
-## All 1 tests were successful. ##
-## ---------------------------- ##
-src/bison/tests % cd ./testsuite.dir/51
-tests/testsuite.dir/51 % echo "()" | ./calc
-1.2-1.3: parse error, unexpected ')', expecting error or "number" or '-' or '('
-
-* read_pipe.c
-This is not portable to DOS for instance.  Implement a more portable
-scheme.  Sources of inspiration include GNU diff, and Free Recode.
-
-* Memory leaks in the generator
-A round of memory leak clean ups would be most welcome.  Dmalloc,
-Checker GCC, Electric Fence, or Valgrind: you chose your tool.
-
-* Memory leaks in the parser
-The same applies to the generated parsers.  In particular, this is
-critical for user data: when aborting a parsing, when handling the
-error token etc., we often throw away yylval without giving a chance
-of cleaning it up to the user.
+grammars.  I can't find the papers.  In particular the book `LR
+parsing: Theory and Practice' is impossible to find, but according to
+`Parsing Techniques: a Practical Guide', it includes information about
+this issue.  Does anybody have it?
+
+
+
+* Documentation
+
+** History/Bibliography
+Some history of Bison and some bibliography would be most welcome.
+Are there any Texinfo standards for bibliography?
+
+
+
+* Java, Fortran, etc.
+
+
+* Coding system independence
+Paul notes:
+
+	Currently Bison assumes 8-bit bytes (i.e. that UCHAR_MAX is
+	255).  It also assumes that the 8-bit character encoding is
+	the same for the invocation of 'bison' as it is for the
+	invocation of 'cc', but this is not necessarily true when
+	people run bison on an ASCII host and then use cc on an EBCDIC
+	host.  I don't think these topics are worth our time
+	addressing (unless we find a gung-ho volunteer for EBCDIC or
+	PDP-10 ports :-) but they should probably be documented
+	somewhere.
+
+	More importantly, Bison does not currently allow NUL bytes in
+	tokens, either via escapes (e.g., "x\0y") or via a NUL byte in
+	the source code.  This should get fixed.
 
 * --graph
-Show reductions.	[]
+Show reductions.
 
 * Broken options ?
-** %no-lines		[ok]
-** %no-parser		[]
-** %pure-parser		[]
-** %token-table		[]
-** Options which could use parse_dquoted_param ().
-Maybe transfered in lex.c.
-*** %skeleton		[ok]
-*** %output		[]
-*** %file-prefix	[]
-*** %name-prefix	[]
-
-** Skeleton strategy.	[]
-Must we keep %no-parser?
-	     %token-table?
-*** New skeletons.	[]
+** %token-table
+** Skeleton strategy
+Must we keep %token-table?
 
 * src/print_graph.c
-Find the best graph parameters.	[]
-
-* doc/bison.texinfo
-** Update
-informations about ERROR_VERBOSE.	[]
-** Add explainations about
-skeleton muscles.	[]
-%skeleton.		[]
-
-* testsuite
-** tests/pure-parser.at	[]
-New tests.
-
-* Debugging parsers
-
-From Greg McGary:
-
-akim demaille <akim.demaille@epita.fr> writes:
-
-> With great pleasure!  Nonetheless, things which are debatable
-> (or not, but just `big') should be discuss in `public': something
-> like help- or bug-bison@gnu.org is just fine.  Jesse and I are there,
-> but there is also Jim and some other people.
-
-I have no idea whether it qualifies as big or controversial, so I'll
-just summarize for you.  I proposed this change years ago and was
-surprised that it was met with utter indifference!
-
-This debug feature is for the programs/grammars one develops with
-bison, not for debugging bison itself.  I find that the YYDEBUG
-output comes in a very inconvenient format for my purposes.
-When debugging gcc, for instance, what I want is to see a trace of
-the sequence of reductions and the line#s for the semantic actions
-so I can follow what's happening.  Single-step in gdb doesn't cut it
-because to move from one semantic action to the next takes you through
-lots of internal machinery of the parser, which is uninteresting.
-
-The change I made was to the format of the debug output, so that it
-comes out in the format of C error messages, digestible by emacs
-compile mode, like so:
-
-grammar.y:1234: foo: bar(0x123456) baz(0x345678)
-
-where "foo: bar baz" is the reduction rule, whose semantic action
-appears on line 1234 of the bison grammar file grammar.y.  The hex
-numbers on the rhs tokens are the parse-stack values associated with
-those tokens.  Of course, yytype might be something totally
-incompatible with that representation, but for the most part, yytype
-values are single words (scalars or pointers).  In the case of gcc,
-they're most often pointers to tree nodes.  Come to think of it, the
-right thing to do is to make the printing of stack values be
-user-definable.  It would also be useful to include the filename &
-line# of the file being parsed, but the main filename & line# should
-continue to be that of grammar.y
-
-Anyway, this feature has saved my life on numerous occasions.  The way
-I customarily use it is to first run bison with the traces on, isolate
-the sequence of reductions that interests me, put those traces in a
-buffer and force it into compile-mode, then visit each of those lines
-in the grammar and set breakpoints with C-x SPACE.  Then, I can run
-again under the control of gdb and stop at each semantic action.
-With the hex addresses of tree nodes, I can inspect the values
-associated with any rhs token.
-
-You like?
-
-* input synclines
-Some users create their foo.y files, and equip them with #line.  Bison
-should recognize these, and preserve them.
+Find the best graph parameters.
 
 * BTYacc
-See if we can integrate backtracking in Bison.  Contact the BTYacc
-maintainers.
+See if we can integrate backtracking in Bison.  Charles-Henri de
+Boysson <de-boy_c@epita.fr> is working on this, and already has some
+results.  Vadim Maslow, the maintainer of BTYacc was contacted, and we
+stay in touch with him.  Adjusting the Bison grammar parser will be
+needed to support some extra BTYacc features.  This is less urgent.
 
-* Automaton report
-Display more clearly the lookaheads for each item.
+** Keeping the conflicted actions
+First, analyze the differences between byacc and btyacc (I'm referring
+to the executables).  Find where the conflicts are preserved.
+
+** Compare with the GLR tables
+See how isomorphic the way BTYacc and the way the GLR adjustments in
+Bison are compatible.  *As much as possible* one should try to use the
+same implementation in the Bison executables.  I insist: it should be
+very feasible to use the very same conflict tables.
+
+** Adjust the skeletons
+Import the skeletons for C and C++.
+
+** Improve the skeletons
+Have them support yysymprint, yydestruct and so forth.
 
-* RR conflicts
-See if we can use precedence between rules to solve RR conflicts.  See
-what POSIX says.
 
 * Precedence
+
+** Partial order
 It is unfortunate that there is a total order for precedence.  It
 makes it impossible to have modular precedence information.  We should
-move to partial orders.
+move to partial orders (sounds like series/parallel orders to me).
+
+** Correlation b/w precedence and associativity
+Also, I fail to understand why we have to assign the same
+associativity to operators with the same precedence.  For instance,
+why can't I decide that the precedence of * and / is the same, but the
+latter is nonassoc?
+
+If there is really no profound motivation, we should find a new syntax
+to allow specifying this.
 
-This will be possible with a Bison parser for the grammar, as it will
-make it much easier to extend the grammar.
+** RR conflicts
+See if we can use precedence between rules to solve RR conflicts.  See
+what POSIX says.
 
-* Parsing grammars
-Rewrite the reader in Flex/Bison.  There will be delicate parts, in
-particular, expect the scanner to be hard to write.  Many interesting
-features cannot be implemented without such a new reader.
 
 * $undefined
 From Hans:
@@ -313,6 +225,7 @@ addition to the $undefined value.
 
 Suggest: Change the name $undefined to undefined; looks better in outputs.
 
+
 * Default Action
 From Hans:
 - For use with my C++ parser, I transported the "switch (yyn)" statement
@@ -329,6 +242,7 @@ a Bison option where every typed default rule is explicitly written out
 
 Note: Robert Anisko handles this.  He knows how to do it.
 
+
 * Warnings
 It would be nice to have warning support.  See how Autoconf handles
 them, it is fairly well described there.  It would be very nice to
@@ -339,6 +253,7 @@ Don't work on this without first announcing you do, as I already have
 thought about it, and know many of the components that can be used to
 implement it.
 
+
 * Pre and post actions.
 From: Florian Krohm <florian@edamail.fishkill.ibm.com>
 Subject: YYACT_EPILOGUE
@@ -367,23 +282,25 @@ at the proper place to bison.simple. Ditto for YYACT_PROLOGUE.
 I was wondering what you think about adding YYACT_PROLOGUE/EPILOGUE
 to bison. If you're interested, I'll work on a patch.
 
+* Better graphics
+Equip the parser with a means to create the (visual) parse tree.
+
 -----
 
-Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2009 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
 
-This file is part of GNU Autoconf.
+This file is part of Bison, the GNU Compiler Compiler.
 
-GNU Autoconf is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
-any later version.
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
 
-GNU Autoconf is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 GNU General Public License for more details.
 
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with autoconf; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
-the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
-Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.