X-Git-Url: https://git.saurik.com/apt.git/blobdiff_plain/9aa80d52836d2313f01c3a56ce5a19051c6b52f9..5d9667d92a9d6973fc001c27d618bc878a4df2ba:/doc/po/it.po diff --git a/doc/po/it.po b/doc/po/it.po index be5c59527..11f3dba52 100644 --- a/doc/po/it.po +++ b/doc/po/it.po @@ -1,170 +1,47 @@ -# Translation of apt package man pages -# Copyright (C) 2000 Debian Italian l10n team +# Translation of apt package's po4a documentation +# Copyright (C) 2000-2012 Debian Italian l10n team # This file is distributed under the same license as the apt package. -# # Translators: -# Eugenia Franzoni , 2000 -# -#, fuzzy +# Eugenia Franzoni, 2000 +# Hugh Hartmann, 2000-2012 +# Gabriele Stilli, 2012 +# Beatrice Torracca, 2012 +# Beatrice Torracca , 2012. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-05-21 04:50+0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2003-04-26 23:26+0100\n" -"Last-Translator: Traduzione di Eugenia Franzoni \n" -"Language-Team: \n" -"Language: \n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-24 23:15+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-12-23 18:04+0200\n" +"Last-Translator: Beatrice Torracca \n" +"Language-Team: Italian \n" +"Language: it\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" - -#. type: TH -#: apt.8:17 -#, no-wrap -msgid "apt" -msgstr "apt" - -#. type: TH -#: apt.8:17 -#, no-wrap -msgid "16 June 1998" -msgstr "" - -#. type: TH -#: apt.8:17 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Debian GNU/Linux" -msgstr "" - -#. type: SH -#: apt.8:18 -#, no-wrap -msgid "NAME" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:20 -msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool" -msgstr "" - -#. type: SH -#: apt.8:20 -#, no-wrap -msgid "SYNOPSIS" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:22 -msgid "B" -msgstr "" - -#. type: SH -#: apt.8:22 -#, no-wrap -msgid "DESCRIPTION" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:31 -msgid "" -"APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day " -"package management there are several frontends available, such as B" -"(8) for the command line or B(8) for the X Window System. Some " -"options are only implemented in B(8) though." -msgstr "" - -#. type: SH -#: apt.8:31 -#, no-wrap -msgid "SEE ALSO" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:38 -msgid "" -"B(8), B(8), B(5), B(5), " -"B(5), B(8)" -msgstr "" - -#. type: SH -#: apt.8:38 -#, no-wrap -msgid "DIAGNOSTICS" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:40 -msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error." -msgstr "" - -#. type: SH -#: apt.8:40 -#, no-wrap -msgid "BUGS" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:42 -msgid "This manpage isn't even started." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:51 -msgid "" -"See Ehttp://bugs.debian.org/aptE. If you wish to report a bug in " -"B, please see I or the " -"B(1) command." -msgstr "" - -#. type: SH -#: apt.8:51 -#, no-wrap -msgid "AUTHOR" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.8:52 -msgid "apt was written by the APT team Eapt@packages.debian.orgE." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:2 -msgid "" -msgstr "" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" +"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:16 +#: apt.ent:7 #, no-wrap msgid "" -"\n" -"\n" -"
apt@packages.debian.org
\n" +"\n" -" Jason Gunthorpe\n" -" \n" +" APT team\n" +" \n" " \n" -" 1998-2001 Jason Gunthorpe\n" -" 28 October 2008\n" -" Linux\n" -" \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:23 -#, no-wrap -msgid "" "\n" -" APT team\n" +" Team APT\n" " \n" " \n" "\">\n" -msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:29 +#: apt.ent:13 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +"\n" +"\t\tPagina QA\n" +"\t\n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:40 +#: apt.ent:24 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" @@ -189,9 +71,19 @@ msgid "" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +"\n" +"Bug\n" +" Pagina dei bug di APT.\n" +" Se si desidera segnalare un bug in APT, vedere\n" +" /usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt o il\n" +" comando &reportbug;.\n" +" \n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:48 +#: apt.ent:32 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" @@ -202,9 +94,16 @@ msgid "" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +"\n" +"Autore\n" +" APT è stato scritto dal Team APT apt@packages.debian.org.\n" +" \n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:58 +#: apt.ent:42 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" +"\n" +" \n" +" Mostra un breve riassunto sull'uso.\n" +" \n" +" \n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:66 +#: apt.ent:50 #, no-wrap msgid "" " \n" @@ -230,9 +138,16 @@ msgid "" " \n" " \n" msgstr "" +" \n" +" \n" +" \n" +" Mostra la versione del programma.\n" +" \n" +" \n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:78 +#: apt.ent:62 #, no-wrap msgid "" " \n" @@ -247,9 +162,21 @@ msgid "" " \n" " \n" msgstr "" +" \n" +" \n" +" \n" +" File di configurazione; specifica un file di configurazione da usare. \n" +" Il programma legge il file di configurazione predefinito e poi questo \n" +" file di configurazione. Se è necessario modificare le impostazioni di \n" +" configurazione prima che vengano analizzati i file di configurazione \n" +" predefiniti, specificare un file con la variabile d'ambiente APT_CONFIG. \n" +" Vedere &apt-conf; per informazioni sulla sintassi.\n" +" \n" +" \n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:90 +#: apt.ent:74 #, no-wrap msgid "" " \n" @@ -264,9 +191,20 @@ msgid "" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +" \n" +" \n" +" \n" +" Imposta un'opzione di configurazione; imposterà una qualunque\n" +" opzione di configurazione. La sintassi è .\n" +" e si possono usare più\n" +" volte per impostare opzioni diverse.\n" +" \n" +" \n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:101 +#: apt.ent:85 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" +"Tutte le opzioni a riga di comando si possono impostare usando il file di\n" +" configurazione; le descrizioni indicano l'opzione da impostare. Per le opzioni\n" +" booleane si può scavalcare il file di configurazione usando \n" +"qualcosa come , , \n" +" o diverse altre varianti.\n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:107 +#: apt.ent:91 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Dir::Etc::Main.\n" " \n" msgstr "" +"/etc/apt/apt.conf\n" +" File di configurazione di APT.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Etc::Main.\n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:113 +#: apt.ent:97 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/\n" @@ -302,9 +255,14 @@ msgid "" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +" /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/\n" +" Frammenti di file di configurazione di APT.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Etc::Parts.\n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:119 +#: apt.ent:103 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Dir::Cache::Archives.\n" " \n" msgstr "" +"&cachedir;/archives/\n" +" Area di archiviazione per i file dei pacchetti recuperati.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Cache::Archives.\n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:125 +#: apt.ent:109 #, no-wrap msgid "" " &cachedir;/archives/partial/\n" " Storage area for package files in transit.\n" -" Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives (partial will be implicitly appended). \n" +" Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives (partial will be implicitly appended)\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +" &cachedir;/archives/partial/\n" +" Area di archiviazione per i file dei pacchetti in transito.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Cache::Archives (partial verrà implicitamente aggiunto in fondo al nome)\n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:135 +#: apt.ent:119 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Dir::Etc::Preferences.\n" " \n" msgstr "" +"/etc/apt/preferences\n" +" File di preferenze di versione.\n" +" Qui si specifica il "pinning",\n" +" ossia una preferenza a prendere determinati pacchetti\n" +" da una fonte separata\n" +" o da una diversa versione di una distribuzione.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Etc::Preferences.\n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:141 +#: apt.ent:125 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /etc/apt/preferences.d/\n" @@ -350,9 +327,14 @@ msgid "" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +" /etc/apt/preferences.d/\n" +" Frammenti di file per le preferenze di versione.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Etc::PreferencesParts.\n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:147 +#: apt.ent:131 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Dir::Etc::SourceList.\n" " \n" msgstr "" +"/etc/apt/sources.list\n" +" Posizioni da cui scaricare i pacchetti.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Etc::SourceList.\n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:153 +#: apt.ent:137 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /etc/apt/sources.list.d/\n" @@ -372,9 +359,14 @@ msgid "" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/\n" +" Frammenti di file per le posizioni da cui scaricare i pacchetti.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Etc::SourceParts.\n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:160 +#: apt.ent:144 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Dir::State::Lists.\n" " \n" msgstr "" +"&statedir;/lists/\n" +" Area di archiviazione per le informazioni sullo stato di ciascuna risorsa dei pacchetti specificata in\n" +" &sources-list;\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::State::Lists.\n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:166 +#: apt.ent:150 #, no-wrap msgid "" " &statedir;/lists/partial/\n" " Storage area for state information in transit.\n" -" Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists (partial will be implicitly appended).\n" +" Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists (partial will be implicitly appended)\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +" &statedir;/lists/partial/\n" +" Area di archiviazione per le informazioni di stato in transito.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::State::Lists (partial verrà implicitamente aggiunto in fondo al nome)\n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:172 +#: apt.ent:156 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Dir::Etc::Trusted.\n" " \n" msgstr "" +"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg\n" +" Portachiavi delle chiavi fidate locali; qui saranno aggiunte le nuove chiavi.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::Etc::Trusted.\n" +" \n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:179 +#: apt.ent:163 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/\n" @@ -418,9 +426,15 @@ msgid "" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +" /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/\n" +" Frammenti di file per le chiavi fidate, qui potranno essere memorizzati\n" +" ulteriori portachiavi (da parte di altri pacchetti o dall'amministratore).\n" +" Voce di configurazione Dir::Etc::TrustedParts.\n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:187 +#: apt.ent:171 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" +"/var/lib/apt/extended_states\n" +" Elenco degli stati dei pacchetti installati automaticamente.\n" +" Voce di configurazione: Dir::State::extended_states.\n" +" \n" +" \n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:191 +#: apt.ent:175 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "\n" msgstr "" +"\n" +"\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:200 +#: apt.ent:184 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" +"debian-l10n-italian@lists.debian.org. In particolare hanno contribuito Eugenia Franzoni (2000), Hugh Hartmann (2000-2012), Gabriele Stilli (2012), Beatrice Torracca (2012).\n" +"\">\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:211 +#: apt.ent:195 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" +"\n" #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:214 +#: apt.ent:198 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:217 +#: apt.ent:201 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:220 +#: apt.ent:204 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:223 +#: apt.ent:207 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:226 +#: apt.ent:210 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:229 +#: apt.ent:213 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:232 +#: apt.ent:216 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:235 +#: apt.ent:219 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:238 +#: apt.ent:222 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:241 +#: apt.ent:225 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:244 +#: apt.ent:228 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:247 +#: apt.ent:231 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:250 +#: apt.ent:234 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:253 +#: apt.ent:237 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:256 +#: apt.ent:240 msgid "" " " msgstr "" +" " #. type: Plain text -#: apt.ent:259 +#: apt.ent:243 msgid "" " " msgstr "" - -#. The last update date -#. type: Content of: -#: apt-cache.8.xml:16 -msgid "" -"&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; 04 " -"February 2011" -msgstr "" +" " #. type: Content of: -#: apt-cache.8.xml:26 apt-cdrom.8.xml:25 apt-config.8.xml:26 apt-get.8.xml:26 -#: apt-key.8.xml:18 apt-mark.8.xml:26 apt-secure.8.xml:18 +#: apt-get.8.xml:28 apt-cache.8.xml:28 apt-key.8.xml:27 apt-mark.8.xml:28 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:27 apt-cdrom.8.xml:27 apt-config.8.xml:28 msgid "8" -msgstr "" +msgstr "8" #. type: Content of: -#: apt-cache.8.xml:27 apt-cdrom.8.xml:26 apt-config.8.xml:27 -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:27 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:27 apt-get.8.xml:27 -#: apt-key.8.xml:19 apt-mark.8.xml:27 apt-secure.8.xml:19 -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:27 apt.conf.5.xml:33 apt_preferences.5.xml:26 -#: sources.list.5.xml:27 +#: apt-get.8.xml:29 apt-cache.8.xml:29 apt-key.8.xml:28 apt-mark.8.xml:29 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:28 apt-cdrom.8.xml:28 apt-config.8.xml:29 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:34 apt_preferences.5.xml:28 sources.list.5.xml:29 +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:29 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:29 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:29 msgid "APT" -msgstr "" +msgstr "APT" #. type: Content of: -#: apt-cache.8.xml:33 -msgid "query the APT cache" +#: apt-get.8.xml:35 +msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface" msgstr "" +"strumento APT per la gestione dei pacchetti, interfaccia a riga di comando" #. type: Content of: -#: apt-cache.8.xml:38 apt-cdrom.8.xml:37 apt-config.8.xml:38 -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:38 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:38 apt-get.8.xml:38 -#: apt-key.8.xml:30 apt-mark.8.xml:38 apt-secure.8.xml:43 -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:38 apt.conf.5.xml:42 apt_preferences.5.xml:36 -#: sources.list.5.xml:36 +#: apt-get.8.xml:40 apt-cache.8.xml:40 apt-key.8.xml:39 apt-mark.8.xml:40 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:52 apt-cdrom.8.xml:39 apt-config.8.xml:40 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:43 apt_preferences.5.xml:38 sources.list.5.xml:38 +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:40 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:40 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:40 msgid "Description" +msgstr "Descrizione" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:41 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, " +"and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT " +"library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, " +"&aptitude;, &synaptic; and &wajig;." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> è lo strumento a riga di comando per gestire " +"pacchetti e può essere considerato il «backend» dell'utente per altri " +"strumenti che usano la libreria APT. Esistono diversi «frontend» per " +"interfaccia, come &dselect;, &aptitude;, &synaptic; e &wajig;." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:39 -msgid "" -"<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's " -"package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of " -"the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting " -"output from the package metadata." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:44 apt-get.8.xml:44 +#: apt-get.8.xml:46 apt-cache.8.xml:46 apt-cdrom.8.xml:53 apt-config.8.xml:46 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:56 msgid "" "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, " "one of the commands below must be present." msgstr "" +"A meno che non venga fornita l'opzione <option>-h</option> o <option>--help</" +"option>, deve essere presente uno dei comandi seguenti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:49 +#: apt-get.8.xml:51 msgid "" -"<literal>gencaches</literal> creates APT's package cache. This is done " -"implicitly by all commands needing this cache if it is missing or outdated." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:53 apt-cache.8.xml:142 apt-cache.8.xml:163 -#: apt-cache.8.xml:187 apt-cache.8.xml:192 apt-cache.8.xml:208 -#: apt-cache.8.xml:226 apt-cache.8.xml:238 -msgid "&synopsis-pkg;" +"<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files " +"from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the " +"location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For " +"example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the " +"<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and " +"updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be " +"performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or <literal>dist-upgrade</" +"literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress meter will be incorrect " +"as the size of the package files cannot be known in advance." msgstr "" +"<literal>update</literal> è usato per sincronizzare nuovamente i file degli " +"indici dei pacchetti dalle loro fonti. Gli indici dei pacchetti disponibili " +"sono scaricati dalle posizioni specificate in <filename>/etc/apt/sources." +"list</filename>. Per esempio, quando si usa un archivio Debian, questo " +"comando recupera e analizza i file <filename>Packages.gz</filename>, in modo " +"da rendere disponibili informazioni sui pacchetti nuovi e quelli aggiornati. " +"Si dovrebbe sempre fare un <literal>update</literal> prima di un " +"<literal>upgrade</literal> o <literal>dist-upgrade</literal>. Notare che " +"l'indicatore di avanzamento globale non è preciso perché è impossibile " +"conoscere in anticipo la dimensione dei file degli indici dei pacchetti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:54 +#: apt-get.8.xml:63 msgid "" -"<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on " -"the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available " -"versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well " -"as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are " -"those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse " -"dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in question. " -"Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but reverse " -"dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg " -"libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:" +"<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all " +"packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in " +"<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed " +"with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no " +"circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not " +"already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently " +"installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install " +"status of another package will be left at their current version. An " +"<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that <command>apt-get</" +"command> knows that new versions of packages are available." msgstr "" +"<literal>upgrade</literal> è usato per installare le versioni più recenti di " +"tutti i pacchetti attualmente installati sul sistema, usando le fonti " +"elencate in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. I pacchetti " +"attualmente installati con nuove versioni disponibili sono recuperati e " +"aggiornati; in nessun caso vengono rimossi pacchetti attualmente installati " +"oppure recuperati e installati pacchetti che non lo sono già. I pacchetti " +"attualmente installati che hanno una nuova versione, ma che non possono " +"essere aggiornati senza cambiare lo stato di installazione di un altro " +"pacchetto, vengono lasciati alla versione attuale. Deve essere prima " +"effettuato un <literal>update</literal> in modo che <command>apt-get</" +"command> sappia se sono disponibili nuove versioni dei pacchetti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:66 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:76 msgid "" -"Package: libreadline2\n" -"Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n" -"Reverse Depends: \n" -" libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n" -" libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n" -"Dependencies:\n" -"2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n" -"Provides:\n" -"2.1-12 - \n" -"Reverse Provides: \n" +"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of " +"<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies " +"with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" " +"conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most " +"important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. The " +"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may therefore remove some packages. " +"The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of " +"locations from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-" +"preferences; for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for " +"individual packages." +msgstr "" +"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>, oltre ad effettuare le funzioni di " +"<literal>upgrade</literal>, gestisce anche in maniera intelligente le " +"modifiche delle dipendenze delle nuove versioni dei pacchetti; <command>apt-" +"get</command> ha un sistema «intelligente» di risoluzione dei conflitti e " +"cerca di aggiornare i pacchetti più importanti a scapito di quelli meno " +"importanti, se necessario. Il comando <literal>dist-upgrade</literal> può " +"quindi rimuovere alcuni pacchetti. Il file <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</" +"filename> contiene un elenco di posizioni da cui recuperare i file di " +"pacchetto desiderati. Vedere anche &apt-preferences; per un meccanismo per " +"scavalcare le impostazioni generali per singoli pacchetti." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:89 +msgid "" +"<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the " +"traditional Debian packaging front-end, &dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</" +"literal> follows the changes made by &dselect; to the <literal>Status</" +"literal> field of available packages, and performs the actions necessary to " +"realize that state (for instance, the removal of old and the installation of " +"new packages)." msgstr "" +"<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> viene usato insieme a &dselect;, il " +"frontend tradizionale per i pacchetti di Debian. <literal>dselect-upgrade</" +"literal> segue i cambiamenti fatti da &dselect; al campo <literal>Status</" +"literal> dei pacchetti disponibili, ed effettua le azioni necessarie per " +"realizzare tale stato (ad esempio la rimozione di vecchi pacchetti e " +"l'installazione di nuovi)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:78 +#: apt-get.8.xml:100 msgid "" -"Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and " -"ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, " -"libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If " -"libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be " -"installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be " -"installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is " -"best to consult the apt source code." +"<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for " +"installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully " +"qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian system, <package>apt-utils</" +"package> would be the argument provided, not <filename>apt-utils_&apt-" +"product-version;_amd64.deb</filename>). All packages required by the package" +"(s) specified for installation will also be retrieved and installed. The " +"<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file is used to locate the " +"desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the package name (with no " +"intervening space), the identified package will be removed if it is " +"installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a package to " +"install. These latter features may be used to override decisions made by apt-" +"get's conflict resolution system." +msgstr "" +"<literal>install</literal> è seguito da uno o più pacchetti da installare o " +"aggiornare. Ogni pacchetto è un nome di pacchetto, non un nome di file " +"pienamente qualificato (ad esempio, in un sistema Debian, l'argomento " +"fornito sarebbe <package>apt-utils</package>, non <filename>apt-utils_&apt-" +"product-version;_amd64.deb</filename>). Tutti i pacchetti richiesti dai " +"pacchetti specificati per l'installazione saranno anch'essi recuperati e " +"installati. Il file <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> viene usato " +"per localizzare i pacchetti desiderati. Se viene aggiunto un segno meno alla " +"fine del nome di pacchetto (senza spazio), il pacchetto specificato viene " +"rimosso, se è installato. Analogamente un segno più può essere usato per " +"specificare un pacchetto da installare. Queste ultime funzionalità possono " +"essere usate per scavalcare decisioni prese dal sistema di risoluzione dei " +"conflitti di apt-get." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:118 +msgid "" +"A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by " +"following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to " +"select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for install. " +"Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following the " +"package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the Archive " +"name (stable, testing, unstable)." msgstr "" +"È possibile selezionare una versione specifica di un pacchetto per " +"l'installazione scrivendo dopo il nome del pacchetto un segno di uguale e la " +"versione del pacchetto da selezionare. Ciò farà sì che venga localizzata e " +"selezionata per l'installazione quella versione. In alternativa può essere " +"selezionata una distribuzione specifica scrivendo dopo il nome del pacchetto " +"una sbarra («/») e la versione della distribuzione o il nome dell'archivio " +"(stable, testing, unstable)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:87 +#: apt-get.8.xml:125 msgid "" -"<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No " -"further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:" +"Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be " +"used with care." msgstr "" +"Entrambi i meccanismi di selezione della versione possono far retrocedere " +"pacchetti e devono essere usati con cautela." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:90 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:128 msgid "" -"<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found " -"in the cache." +"This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more already-" +"installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your system. " +"Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of all " +"currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest version of " +"only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the package(s) " +"you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and its " +"dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed." msgstr "" +"Questa è l'azione da usare anche quando si desiderano aggiornare uno o più " +"pacchetti già installati senza aggiornare ogni pacchetto nel sistema. A " +"differenza dell'azione «upgrade», che aggiorna alla versione più recente " +"tutti i pacchetti installati, «install» installa la versione più recente " +"solamente per i pacchetti specificati. Basta fornire il nome dei pacchetti " +"che si desiderano aggiornare e, se è disponibile una versione più recente, " +"essa (e tutte le sue dipendenze come descritto sopra) verrà scaricata e " +"installata." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:94 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:139 msgid "" -"<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary " -"package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence " -"between their names and the names used by other packages for them in " -"dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category." +"Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative " +"installation policy for individual packages." msgstr "" +"Da ultimo, il meccanismo &apt-preferences; permette di creare una politica " +"di installazione alternativa per i singoli pacchetti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:100 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:143 msgid "" -"<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " -"exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the " -"virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, " -"\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system is a pure virtual " -"package; several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no " -"package named \"mail-transport-agent\"." +"If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one " +"of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and " +"it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then " +"installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' " +"matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular " +"expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular " +"expression." msgstr "" +"Se nessun pacchetto corrisponde all'espressione specificata e questa " +"contiene uno tra «.», «?» o «*», allora viene considerata come " +"un'espressione regolare POSIX e viene confrontata con tutti i nomi di " +"pacchetto nel database. Ogni corrispondenza viene quindi installata (o " +"rimossa). Notare che la corrispondenza avviene con sottostringhe, perciò " +"«bass.*» trova corrispondenza con «quanto-bass» e «bassissimo». Se ciò non è " +"quello che si desidera, ancorare l'espressione regolare con un carattere «^» " +"o «$», oppure creare un'espressione regolare più specifica." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:108 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:153 msgid "" -"<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with " -"only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the " -"Debian GNU/Linux system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only " -"one package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"." +"<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except " +"that packages are removed instead of installed. Note that removing a package " +"leaves its configuration files on the system. If a plus sign is appended to " +"the package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be " +"installed instead of removed." msgstr "" +"<literal>remove</literal> è identico a <literal>install</literal> tranne per " +"il fatto che i pacchetti sono rimossi invece che installati. Notare che la " +"rimozione di un pacchetto lascia i suoi file di configurazione nel sistema. " +"Se viene aggiunto un segno più in fondo al nome del pacchetto (senza spazi " +"in mezzo), il pacchetto specificato viene installato invece che rimosso." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:114 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:161 msgid "" -"<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " -"either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name " -"as the package name. For instance, in the Debian GNU/Linux system, \"debconf" -"\" is both an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny package." +"<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except " +"that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted " +"too)." msgstr "" +"<literal>purge</literal> è identico a <literal>remove</literal> tranne per " +"il fatto che i pacchetti sono rimossi ed eliminati completamente (viene " +"eliminato anche ogni file di configurazione)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:121 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:166 msgid "" -"<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were " -"referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing " -"packages may be an evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a " -"package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually " -"they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements." +"<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source " +"packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source " +"package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory " +"the newest available version of that source package while respecting the " +"default release, set with the option <literal>APT::Default-Release</" +"literal>, the <option>-t</option> option or per package with the " +"<literal>pkg/release</literal> syntax, if possible." msgstr "" +"<literal>source</literal> fa sì che <command>apt-get</command> scarichi i " +"pacchetti sorgente. APT esaminerà i pacchetti disponibili per decidere quali " +"pacchetti sorgente scaricare. Poi, se possibile, troverà e scaricherà nella " +"directory corrente la versione più recente disponibile di quel pacchetto " +"sorgente rispettando il rilascio predefinito, impostato con l'opzione " +"<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>, l'opzione <option>-t</option> o per " +"i singoli pacchetti con la sintassi <literal>pacch/rilascio</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:128 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:174 msgid "" -"<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions " -"found in the cache; this value is therefore at least equal to the number of " -"total package names. If more than one distribution (both \"stable\" and " -"\"unstable\", for instance), is being accessed, this value can be " -"considerably larger than the number of total package names." +"Source packages are tracked separately from binary packages via <literal>deb-" +"src</literal> lines in the &sources-list; file. This means that you will " +"need to add such a line for each repository you want to get sources from; " +"otherwise you will probably get either the wrong (too old/too new) source " +"versions or none at all." msgstr "" +"Il sistema tiene traccia dei pacchetti sorgente in modo separato dai " +"pacchetti binari, attraverso righe <literal>deb-src</literal> nel file " +"&sources-list;. Ciò significa che sarà necessario aggiungere una riga di " +"questo tipo per ciascun repository da cui si desiderano ottenere sorgenti; " +"in caso contrario probabilmente si otterrà la versione sorgente sbagliata " +"(troppo vecchia o troppo nuova) oppure nessuna versione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:135 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:180 msgid "" -"<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency " -"relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache." +"If the <option>--compile</option> option is specified then the package will " +"be compiled to a binary .deb using <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command> for " +"the architecture as defined by the <command>--host-architecture</command> " +"option. If <option>--download-only</option> is specified then the source " +"package will not be unpacked." msgstr "" +"Se viene specificata l'opzione <option>--compile</option> allora il " +"pacchetto verrà compilato in un .deb binario usando <command>dpkg-" +"buildpackage</command> per l'architettura così come definita dall'opzione " +"<command>--host-architecture</command>. Se viene usata l'opzione <option>--" +"download-only</option>, allora il pacchetto sorgente non verrà spacchettato." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:143 +#: apt-get.8.xml:187 msgid "" -"<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that " -"match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all " -"records that declare the name to be a Binary." +"A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name " +"with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used " +"for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package " +"name and version, implicitly enabling the <literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</" +"literal> option." msgstr "" +"Può essere recuperata una specifica versione sorgente facendo seguire al " +"nome del sorgente un segno uguale e quindi la versione da scaricare, in modo " +"simile al meccanismo usato per i file di pacchetto. Ciò permette la " +"corrispondenza esatta con il nome e la versione del pacchetto sorgente, " +"abilitando implicitamente l'opzione <literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:149 +#: apt-get.8.xml:193 msgid "" -"<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the cache. " -"It is primarily for debugging." +"Note that source packages are not installed and tracked in the " +"<command>dpkg</command> database like binary packages; they are simply " +"downloaded to the current directory, like source tarballs." msgstr "" +"Notare che i pacchetti sorgente non vengono installati né viene tenuta " +"traccia di essi nel database di <command>dpkg</command> come per i pacchetti " +"binari; sono semplicemente scaricati nella directory corrente, come archivi " +"tar dei sorgenti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:154 +#: apt-get.8.xml:199 msgid "" -"<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is " -"suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method." +"<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an " +"attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package. By default " +"the dependencies are satisfied to build the package natively. If desired a " +"host-architecture can be specified with the <option>--host-architecture</" +"option> option instead." msgstr "" +"<literal>build-dep</literal> fa sì che apt-get installi o rimuova pacchetti, " +"nel tentativo di soddisfare le dipendenze di compilazione di un pacchetto " +"sorgente. In modo predefinito sono soddisfatte le dipendenze per compilare " +"il pacchetto in modo nativo. Se lo si desidera, è possibile invece " +"specificare un'architettura ospite con l'opzione <option>--host-" +"architecture</option>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:159 +#: apt-get.8.xml:206 msgid "" -"<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the " -"package cache." +"<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache " +"and checks for broken dependencies." msgstr "" +"<literal>check</literal> è uno strumento diagnostico; aggiorna la cache dei " +"pacchetti e controlla la presenza di dipendenze non soddisfatte." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:164 +#: apt-get.8.xml:211 msgid "" -"<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg --print-" -"avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named packages." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:169 -msgid "&synopsis-regex;" +"<literal>download</literal> will download the given binary package into the " +"current directory." msgstr "" +"<literal>download</literal> scarica il pacchetto binario specificato nella " +"directory corrente." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:170 +#: apt-get.8.xml:217 msgid "" -"<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available " -"package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle><command>regex</command></refentrytitle> " -"<manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. It searches the package names and " -"the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular expression and prints out " -"the package name and the short description, including virtual package " -"names. If <option>--full</option> is given then output identical to " -"<literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched package, and if " -"<option>--names-only</option> is given then the long description is not " -"searched, only the package name is." +"<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved " +"package files. It removes everything but the lock file from " +"<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and <filename>&cachedir;/archives/" +"partial/</filename>. When APT is used as a &dselect; method, <literal>clean</" +"literal> is run automatically. Those who do not use dselect will likely " +"want to run <literal>apt-get clean</literal> from time to time to free up " +"disk space." msgstr "" +"<literal>clean</literal> ripulisce il repository locale dei file di " +"pacchetto recuperati. Rimuove tutto da <filename>&cachedir;/archives/</" +"filename> e <filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename>, tranne il " +"file di lock. Quando APT viene usato come metodo per &dselect;, " +"<literal>clean</literal> viene eseguito automaticamente. Chi non usa dselect " +"probabilmente è bene che usi <literal>apt-get clean</literal> di quando in " +"quando per liberare spazio su disco." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:183 +#: apt-get.8.xml:227 msgid "" -"Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are " -"and'ed together." +"Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the " +"local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only " +"removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely " +"useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it " +"growing out of control. The configuration option <literal>APT::Clean-" +"Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from being erased if it " +"is set to off." msgstr "" +"Come <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> ripulisce il " +"repository locale dei file di pacchetto recuperati. La differenza sta nel " +"fatto che rimuove solo i file di pacchetto che non possono più essere " +"scaricati e sono per lo più inutili. Questo permette di mantenere una cache " +"per un periodo lungo senza che cresca fuori controllo. Se l'opzione di " +"configurazione <literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> è disabilitata, " +"impedisce che vengano eliminati i pacchetti installati." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:188 +#: apt-get.8.xml:237 msgid "" -"<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has " -"and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency." +"<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were " +"automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are " +"now no longer needed." msgstr "" +"<literal>autoremove</literal> viene usato per rimuovere i pacchetti che sono " +"stati installati automaticamente per soddisfare delle dipendenze per altri " +"pacchetti e che non sono più necessari." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:193 +#: apt-get.8.xml:242 msgid "" -"<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a " -"package has." +"<literal>changelog</literal> downloads a package changelog and displays it " +"through <command>sensible-pager</command>. The server name and base " +"directory is defined in the <literal>APT::Changelogs::Server</literal> " +"variable (e.g. <ulink url=\"http://packages.debian.org/changelogs\">packages." +"debian.org/changelogs</ulink> for Debian or <ulink url=\"http://changelogs." +"ubuntu.com/changelogs\">changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs</ulink> for " +"Ubuntu). By default it displays the changelog for the version that is " +"installed. However, you can specify the same options as for the " +"<option>install</option> command." msgstr "" +"<literal>changelog</literal> scarica il changelog di un pacchetto e lo " +"visualizza usando <command>sensible-pager</command>. Il nome e la directory " +"di base del server sono definiti nella variabile <literal>APT::Changelogs::" +"Server</literal> (ad esempio <ulink url=\"http://packages.debian.org/" +"changelogs\">packages.debian.org/changelogs</ulink> per Debian o <ulink url=" +"\"http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs\">changelogs.ubuntu.com/" +"changelogs</ulink> per Ubuntu). In modo predefinito visualizza il changelog " +"per la versione che è installata. Tuttavia si possono specificare le stesse " +"opzioni del comando <option>install</option>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:197 -msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-prefix;</replaceable></optional>" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-get.8.xml:260 apt-cache.8.xml:250 apt-mark.8.xml:110 +#: apt-config.8.xml:86 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:54 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:50 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:506 +msgid "options" +msgstr "opzioni" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:198 +#: apt-get.8.xml:265 msgid "" -"This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional " -"argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable " -"for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated " -"extremely quickly. This command is best used with the <option>--generate</" -"option> option." +"Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>." msgstr "" +"Non considerare i pacchetti raccomandati come una dipendenza per " +"l'installazione. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</" +"literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:203 +#: apt-get.8.xml:270 msgid "" -"Note that a package which APT knows of is not necessarily available to " -"download, installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in " -"the generated list." +"Consider suggested packages as a dependency for installing. Configuration " +"Item: <literal>APT::Install-Suggests</literal>." msgstr "" +"Considera i pacchetti suggeriti come una dipendenza per l'installazione. " +"Voce di configurazione:<literal>APT::Install-Suggests</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:209 +#: apt-get.8.xml:275 msgid "" -"<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and " -"generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink url=\"http://www." -"research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> package. The result " -"will be a set of nodes and edges representing the relationships between the " -"packages. By default the given packages will trace out all dependent " -"packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit the output to only " -"the packages listed on the command line, set the <literal>APT::Cache::" -"GivenOnly</literal> option." +"Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>." msgstr "" +"Scarica solamente; i file di pacchetto sono solo recuperati e non " +"spacchettati o installati. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::" +"Download-Only</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:218 +#: apt-get.8.xml:280 msgid "" -"The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, " -"pure provides are triangles, mixed provides are diamonds, missing packages " -"are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped [leaf packages], blue " -"lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:223 -msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages." +"Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This " +"option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT " +"to deduce a likely solution. If packages are specified, these have to " +"completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when " +"running APT for the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package " +"dependencies to exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency " +"structure can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually " +"means using &dselect; or <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some " +"of the offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</" +"option> may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>." msgstr "" +"Aggiusta; cerca di correggere un sistema che ha dipendenze non soddisfatte. " +"Questa opzione, quando usata con install o remove, può omettere qualsiasi " +"pacchetto per permettere ad APT di trovare una soluzione valida. Se sono " +"specificati dei pacchetti, questi devono risolvere completamente il " +"problema. L'opzione è a volte necessaria quando si esegue APT per la prima " +"volta; APT stesso non permette l'esistenza di pacchetti con dipendenze non " +"soddisfatte in un sistema. È possibile che la struttura di dipendenze di un " +"sistema sia corrotta a tal punto da richiedere un intervento manuale (il che " +"di solito significa usare &dselect; o <command>dpkg --remove</command> per " +"eliminare alcuni dei pacchetti che creano problemi). L'uso di questa opzione " +"insieme a <option>-m</option> può in alcune situazioni produrre un errore. " +"Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:227 +#: apt-get.8.xml:295 msgid "" -"The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink url=" -"\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG tool</ulink>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:231 -msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</optional>" +"Ignore missing packages; if packages cannot be retrieved or fail the " +"integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those " +"packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with <option>-f</" +"option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is selected " +"for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command line) and " +"it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>." msgstr "" +"Ignora i pacchetti mancanti; se alcuni pacchetti non possono essere " +"recuperati o fallisce il controllo sulla loro integrità dopo il recupero " +"(file di pacchetto corrotti), mantiene bloccati tali pacchetti e gestisce il " +"risultato. L'uso di questa opzione insieme a <option>-f</option> può " +"produrre un errore in alcune situazioni. Se un pacchetto è selezionato per " +"l'installazione (particolarmente se è indicato nella riga di comando) e non " +"può essere scaricato verrà silenziosamente mantenuto invariato. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:232 +#: apt-get.8.xml:306 msgid "" -"<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the " -"preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each " -"source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority " -"selection of the named package." +"Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with <option>--ignore-" +"missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has already " +"downloaded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>." msgstr "" +"Disabilita lo scaricamento dei pacchetti. È usato al meglio con <option>--" +"ignore-missing</option> per forzare APT ad usare solo i .deb che ha già " +"scaricato. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:239 +#: apt-get.8.xml:313 msgid "" -"<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts " -"to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian " -"archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available " -"versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original " -"<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the " -"architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists (<literal>APT::" -"Architecture</literal>)." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:250 apt-config.8.xml:84 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:52 -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:504 apt-get.8.xml:259 apt-mark.8.xml:108 -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:48 -msgid "options" +"Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " +"More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " +"<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " +"file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>; you should never " +"use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT " +"may decide to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" +"Silenzioso; produce un output adatto alla registrazione, omettendo gli " +"indicatori di avanzamento. L'uso di più «q» produce un output più silenzioso " +"fino a un massimo di 2. Si può anche usare <option>-q=n</option> per " +"impostare il livello di silenziosità a n, scavalcando il file di " +"configurazione. Notare che il livello di silenziosità 2 implica <option>-y</" +"option>; non si dovrebbe mai usare -qq senza un modificatore che non fa " +"azioni come -d, --print-uris o -s, dato che APT potrebbe decidere di fare " +"qualcosa di inatteso. Voce di configurazione: <literal>quiet</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:255 +#: apt-get.8.xml:328 msgid "" -"Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary " -"cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::" -"pkgcache</literal>." +"No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not " +"actually change the system. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" +"Simulate</literal>." msgstr "" +"Nessuna azione; effettua una simulazione degli eventi che si " +"verificherebbero, ma non cambia realmente il sistema. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Simulate</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:261 +#: apt-get.8.xml:332 msgid "" -"Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by " -"<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package " -"information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source " -"cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration " -"Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>." +"Simulated runs performed as a user will automatically deactivate locking " +"(<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>), and if the option <literal>APT::Get::" +"Show-User-Simulation-Note</literal> is set (as it is by default) a notice " +"will also be displayed indicating that this is only a simulation. Runs " +"performed as root do not trigger either NoLocking or the notice - superusers " +"should know what they are doing without further warnings from <literal>apt-" +"get</literal>." msgstr "" +"Le esecuzioni simulate effettuate da un utente disattivano automaticamente " +"il lock (<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>) e se è impostata l'opzione " +"<literal>APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-Note</literal> (come predefinito), " +"viene anche visualizzato un messaggio che indica che quella fatta è solo una " +"simulazione. Le esecuzioni effettuate da root non attivano né NoLocking né i " +"messaggi: i superutenti dovrebbero sapere ciò che stanno facendo senza " +"bisogno di ulteriori avvertimenti da <literal>apt-get</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:269 +#: apt-get.8.xml:340 msgid "" -"Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " -"More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " -"<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the " -"configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." +"Simulated runs print out a series of lines, each representing a " +"<command>dpkg</command> operation: configure (<literal>Conf</literal>), " +"remove (<literal>Remv</literal>) or unpack (<literal>Inst</literal>). " +"Square brackets indicate broken packages, and empty square brackets indicate " +"breaks that are of no consequence (rare)." msgstr "" +"Le esecuzioni simulate stampano una serie di righe, ciascuna delle quali " +"rappresenta un'operazione di <command>dpkg</command>: configurazione " +"(<literal>Conf</literal>), rimozione (<literal>Remv</literal>) o " +"spacchettamento (<literal>Inst</literal>). Le parentesi quadre indicano i " +"pacchetti difettosi e le parentesi quadre vuote indicano difetti che non " +"hanno conseguenze (rari)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:276 +#: apt-get.8.xml:348 msgid "" -"Print only important dependencies; for use with unmet and depends. Causes " -"only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to be printed. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>." +"Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run " +"non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held " +"package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an " +"essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>." msgstr "" +"Rispondi automaticamente «sì» ai prompt; assume «sì» come risposta a tutti i " +"prompt e viene eseguito in modo non interattivo. Se si verifica una " +"situazione non desiderabile, come il cambiamento di un pacchetto bloccato, " +"il tentativo di installazione di un pacchetto non autenticato o la rimozione " +"di un pacchetto essenziale, allora <literal>apt-get</literal> annullerà " +"l'esecuzione. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</" +"literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:289 +#: apt-get.8.xml:356 msgid "" -"Per default the <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> " -"print all dependencies. This can be tweaked with these flags which will omit " -"the specified dependency type. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::" -"Show<replaceable>DependencyType</replaceable></literal> e.g. <literal>APT::" -"Cache::ShowRecommends</literal>." +"Automatic \"no\" to all prompts. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" +"Assume-No</literal>." msgstr "" +"Rispondi automaticamente «no» a tutti i prompt. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Assume-No</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:296 +#: apt-get.8.xml:361 msgid "" -"Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>." +"Show upgraded packages; print out a list of all packages that are to be " +"upgraded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>." msgstr "" +"Mostra i pacchetti aggiornati; stampa un elenco di tutti i pacchetti che " +"devono essere aggiornati. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Show-" +"Upgraded</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:301 +#: apt-get.8.xml:367 msgid "" -"Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn " -"it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If <option>--no-all-" -"versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version will displayed " -"(the one which would be selected for installation). This option is only " -"applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>." +"Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>." msgstr "" +"Mostra la versione completa dei pacchetti aggiornati e installati. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:310 +#: apt-get.8.xml:373 msgid "" -"Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as " -"it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use <option>--no-generate</" -"option>. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>." +"This option controls the architecture packages are built for by <command>apt-" +"get source --compile</command> and how cross-builddependencies are " +"satisfied. By default is it not set which means that the host architecture " +"is the same as the build architecture (which is defined by <literal>APT::" +"Architecture</literal>). Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Host-" +"Architecture</literal>" msgstr "" +"Questa opzione controlla l'architettura per la quale <command>apt-get source " +"--compile</command> compila i pacchetti e come le dipendenze di compilazione " +"incrociata sono soddisfatte. In modo predefinito non è impostata, il che " +"significa che l'architettura ospite è la stessa dell'architettura di " +"compilazione (che è definita da <literal>APT::Architecture</literal>). Voce " +"di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Host-Architecture</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:316 +#: apt-get.8.xml:383 msgid "" -"Only search on the package names, not the long descriptions. Configuration " -"Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>." +"Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>." msgstr "" +"Compila i pacchetti sorgente dopo averli scaricati. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:321 +#: apt-get.8.xml:388 msgid "" -"Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages " -"and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::" -"AllNames</literal>." +"Ignore package holds; this causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a " +"hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with " +"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired " +"holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>." msgstr "" +"Ignora i blocchi sui pacchetti; ciò fa sì che <command>apt-get</command> " +"ignori il blocco posto su un pacchetto. Può essere utile insieme a " +"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> per scavalcare un grande numero di blocchi " +"non desiderati. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:327 +#: apt-get.8.xml:395 msgid "" -"Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so " -"that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>." +"Allow installing new packages when used in conjunction with " +"<literal>upgrade</literal>. This is useful if the update of a installed " +"package requires new dependencies to be installed. Instead of holding the " +"package back <literal>upgrade</literal> will upgrade the package and install " +"the new dependencies. Note that <literal>upgrade</literal> with this option " +"will never remove packages, only allow adding new ones. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Upgrade-Allow-New</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:334 +#: apt-get.8.xml:407 msgid "" -"Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</" -"literal> to packages which are currently installed. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:339 apt-cdrom.8.xml:140 apt-config.8.xml:104 -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:63 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:591 apt-get.8.xml:514 -#: apt-mark.8.xml:122 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:58 -msgid "&apt-commonoptions;" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:344 apt-get.8.xml:519 apt-key.8.xml:167 apt-mark.8.xml:126 -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1119 apt_preferences.5.xml:698 -msgid "Files" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:346 -msgid "&file-sourceslist; &file-statelists;" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:351 apt-cdrom.8.xml:145 apt-config.8.xml:109 -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:70 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:607 apt-get.8.xml:529 -#: apt-key.8.xml:188 apt-mark.8.xml:132 apt-secure.8.xml:185 -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:63 apt.conf.5.xml:1125 apt_preferences.5.xml:705 -#: sources.list.5.xml:255 -msgid "See Also" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:352 -msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:356 apt-cdrom.8.xml:150 apt-config.8.xml:114 -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:74 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:611 apt-get.8.xml:535 -#: apt-mark.8.xml:136 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:67 -msgid "Diagnostics" +"Do not upgrade packages; when used in conjunction with <literal>install</" +"literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent packages on the command " +"line from being upgraded if they are already installed. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>." msgstr "" +"Non aggiornare i pacchetti; quando usato insieme a <literal>install</" +"literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> impedisce che i pacchetti nella riga " +"di comando vengano aggiornati se sono già installati. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cache.8.xml:357 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:414 msgid "" -"<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " -"on error." +"Do not install new packages; when used in conjunction with <literal>install</" +"literal>, <literal>only-upgrade</literal> will install upgrades for already " +"installed packages only and ignore requests to install new packages. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Only-Upgrade</literal>." msgstr "" +"Non installare nuovi pacchetti; quando usato insieme a <literal>install</" +"literal>, <literal>only-upgrade</literal> installa gli aggiornamenti " +"solamente per i pacchetti già installati e ignora le richieste di " +"installarne di nuovi. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Only-" +"Upgrade</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:16 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:422 msgid "" -"&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>14 " -"February 2004</date>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:32 -msgid "APT CDROM management utility" +"Force yes; this is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue " +"without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should " +"not be used except in very special situations. Using <literal>force-yes</" +"literal> can potentially destroy your system! Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>." msgstr "" +"Forza «sì»; questa è un'opzione pericolosa che fa sì che apt, se sta facendo " +"qualcosa di potenzialmente pericoloso, continui senza chiedere " +"l'autorizzazione all'utente. Non dovrebbe essere usata se non in situazioni " +"molto particolari. L'uso di <literal>force-yes</literal> può potenzialmente " +"distruggere il sistema. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::force-" +"yes</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:38 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:430 msgid "" -"<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CDROM to APTs list of " -"available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining " -"the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible mis-" -"burns and verifying the index files." +"Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI " +"will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected MD5 " +"hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file " +"name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> " +"and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the <literal>update</" +"literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it is up to the user " +"to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" +"Print-URIs</literal>." msgstr "" +"Invece di scaricare i file per l'installazione, stampa i loro URI. Ogni URI " +"ha il percorso, il nome del file di destinazione, la dimensione e l'hash MD5 " +"atteso. Notare che il nome file in cui scrivere non corrisponde sempre al " +"nome file sul sito remoto. Questo funziona anche con i comandi " +"<literal>source</literal> e <literal>update</literal>. Quando usato con il " +"comando <literal>update</literal> l'hash MD5 e la dimensione non sono " +"inclusi, e sta all'utente decomprimere qualsiasi file compresso. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Print-URIs</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:45 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:441 msgid "" -"It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT " -"system, it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disk in a multi-cd set " -"must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns." +"Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk " +"(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be purged. " +"<option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent to the <option>purge</option> " +"command. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>." msgstr "" +"Usa purge invece di remove per ogni cosa da rimuovere. Verrà visualizzato un " +"asterisco («*») vicino ai pacchetti pianificati per l'eliminazione completa. " +"<option>remove --purge</option> è equivalente al comando <option>purge</" +"option>. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:56 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:449 msgid "" -"<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will " -"unmount the CDROM device, prompt for a disk to be inserted and then proceed " -"to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper " -"<filename>disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive " -"title." +"Re-install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>." msgstr "" +"Reinstalla i pacchetti che sono già installati alla nuova versione. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:64 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:454 msgid "" -"APT uses a CDROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and " -"maintains a database of these IDs in <filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</" -"filename>" +"This option is on by default; use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to " +"turn it off. When it is on, <command>apt-get</command> will automatically " +"manage the contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that " +"obsolete files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you " +"frequently change your sources list. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" +"List-Cleanup</literal>." msgstr "" +"Questa opzione è attivata in modo predefinito; usare <literal>--no-list-" +"cleanup</literal> per disabilitarla. Quando è attivata <command>apt-get</" +"command> gestisce automaticamente il contenuto di <filename>&statedir;/" +"lists</filename> per garantire che i file obsoleti siano eliminati. L'unica " +"ragione per disabilitarla è se si cambia di frequente la propria lista di " +"fonti. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::List-Cleanup</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:72 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:464 msgid "" -"A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the " -"stored file name" +"This option controls the default input to the policy engine; it creates a " +"default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This " +"overrides the general settings in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</" +"filename>. Specifically pinned packages are not affected by the value of " +"this option. In short, this option lets you have simple control over which " +"distribution packages will be retrieved from. Some common examples might be " +"<option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</" +"option>. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see " +"also the &apt-preferences; manual page." msgstr "" +"Questa opzione controlla l'input predefinito per il motore delle politiche; " +"crea un pin predefinito alla priorità 990 usando la stringa di rilascio " +"specificata. Ciò scavalca le impostazioni generali in <filename>/etc/apt/" +"preferences</filename>. Questa opzione non ha effetto sui pacchetti su cui " +"si usa specificatamente il pinning. In breve, questa opzione permette di " +"avere un semplice controllo sulla distribuzione da cui verranno recuperati i " +"pacchetti. Alcuni esempi comuni possono essere <option>-t '2.1*'</option>, " +"<option>-t unstable</option> o <option>-t sid</option>. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; vedere anche la " +"pagina di manuale di &apt-preferences;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:51 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:479 msgid "" -"Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given " -"one of the commands below must be present. <placeholder type=\"variablelist" -"\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered " +"related to <option>--assume-yes</option>; where <option>--assume-yes</" +"option> will answer yes to any prompt, <option>--trivial-only</option> will " +"answer no. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>." msgstr "" +"Effettua solo le operazioni che sono «banali». Può essere correlato " +"logicamente a <option>--assume-yes</option>: mentre <option>--assume-yes</" +"option> risponde «sì» a tutti i prompt, <option>--trivial-only</option> " +"risponde «no». Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</" +"literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:81 apt-key.8.xml:153 -msgid "Options" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:486 +msgid "" +"If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without " +"prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>." msgstr "" +"Se un qualsiasi pacchetto dovrebbe essere rimosso, apt-get immediatamente " +"annulla l'operazione senza chiedere. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::" +"Get::Remove</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:86 +#: apt-get.8.xml:492 msgid "" -"Mount point; specify the location to mount the cdrom. This mount point must " -"be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>." +"If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or <literal>remove</" +"literal>, then this option acts like running the <literal>autoremove</" +"literal> command, removing unused dependency packages. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>." msgstr "" +"Se il comando è <literal>install</literal> oppure <literal>remove</literal>, " +"allora questa opzione si comporta come se si eseguisse il comando " +"<literal>autoremove</literal>, rimuovendo i pacchetti di dipendenza non " +"utilizzati. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</" +"literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95 +#: apt-get.8.xml:499 msgid "" -"Rename a disc; change the label of a disk or override the disks given label. " -"This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a new " -"label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>." +"Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and <literal>build-dep</" +"literal> commands. Indicates that the given source names are not to be " +"mapped through the binary table. This means that if this option is " +"specified, these commands will only accept source package names as " +"arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking up the " +"corresponding source package. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Only-" +"Source</literal>." msgstr "" +"Ha significato solo per i comandi <literal>source</literal> e <literal>build-" +"dep</literal>. Indica che i nomi dei sorgenti indicati non devono essere " +"mappati usando la tabella dei binari; ciò significa che, se viene " +"specificata questa opzione, tali comandi accetteranno solamente nomi di " +"pacchetti sorgente come argomento, invece di accettare nomi di pacchetti " +"binari e cercare il pacchetto sorgente corrispondente. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104 +#: apt-get.8.xml:510 msgid "" -"No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and " -"unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::" -"NoMount</literal>." +"Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration " +"Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, <literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</" +"literal>, and <literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>." msgstr "" +"Scarica solo il file diff, dsc o tar di un archivio sorgente. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, <literal>APT::Get::" +"Dsc-Only</literal> e <literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:112 +#: apt-get.8.xml:516 msgid "" -"Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every " -"package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has " -"been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration " -"Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>." +"Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>." msgstr "" +"Elabora solo le dipendenze di compilazione dipendenti dall'architettura. " +"Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:122 +#: apt-get.8.xml:521 msgid "" -"Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian " -"1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much " -"longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up." +"Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This " +"is useful for tools like pbuilder. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" +"AllowUnauthenticated</literal>." msgstr "" +"Ignora se i pacchetti non possono essere autenticati e non chiedere " +"all'utente cosa fare. È utile per strumenti come pbuilder. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Get::AllowUnauthenticated</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:133 +#: apt-get.8.xml:527 msgid "" -"No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index " -"files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>." +"Show user friendly progress information in the terminal window when packages " +"are installed, upgraded or removed. For a machine parsable version of this " +"data see README.progress-reporting in the apt doc directory. Configuration " +"Item: <literal>DpkgPM::Progress</literal> and <literal>Dpkg::Progress-Fancy</" +"literal>." msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:146 -msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-get.8.xml:540 apt-cache.8.xml:345 apt-key.8.xml:176 apt-mark.8.xml:127 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1200 apt_preferences.5.xml:700 +msgid "Files" +msgstr "File" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-get.8.xml:550 apt-cache.8.xml:352 apt-key.8.xml:197 apt-mark.8.xml:133 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:193 apt-cdrom.8.xml:154 apt-config.8.xml:111 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1206 apt_preferences.5.xml:707 sources.list.5.xml:280 +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:72 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:65 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:609 +msgid "See Also" +msgstr "Vedere anche" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:151 +#: apt-get.8.xml:551 msgid "" -"<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " -"on error." +"&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, " +"&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, &apt-" +"preferences;, the APT Howto." msgstr "" +"&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, " +"&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, la Guida dell'utente di APT in &guidesdir;, &apt-" +"preferences;, l'APT Howto." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-get.8.xml:556 apt-cache.8.xml:357 apt-mark.8.xml:137 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:159 apt-config.8.xml:116 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:76 +#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:69 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:613 +msgid "Diagnostics" +msgstr "Diagnostica" -#. The last update date -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo> -#: apt-config.8.xml:16 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:16 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:16 -#: sources.list.5.xml:16 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-get.8.xml:557 msgid "" -"&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>29 " -"February 2004</date>" +"<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on " +"error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento normale " +"e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-config.8.xml:33 -msgid "APT Configuration Query program" -msgstr "" +#: apt-cache.8.xml:35 +msgid "query the APT cache" +msgstr "interroga la cache di APT" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:39 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:41 msgid "" -"<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various " -"portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses " -"the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a " -"manner that is easy to use by scripted applications." +"<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's " +"package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of " +"the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting " +"output from the package metadata." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-cache</command> esegue una varietà di operazioni sulla cache " +"dei pacchetti di APT. <command>apt-cache</command> non manipola lo stato del " +"sistema ma fornisce operazioni per fare ricerche e generare risultati " +"interessanti partendo dai metadati dei pacchetti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:44 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:54 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:51 msgid "" -"Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given " -"one of the commands below must be present." +"<literal>gencaches</literal> creates APT's package cache. This is done " +"implicitly by all commands needing this cache if it is missing or outdated." msgstr "" +"<literal>gencaches</literal> crea la cache dei pacchetti di APT. Ciò viene " +"fatto implicitamente da tutti i comandi che hanno bisogno di tale cache, se " +"essa manca o non è aggiornata." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:55 apt-cache.8.xml:144 apt-cache.8.xml:165 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:187 apt-cache.8.xml:192 apt-cache.8.xml:208 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:226 apt-cache.8.xml:238 +msgid "&synopsis-pkg;" +msgstr "&synopsis-pkg;" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:51 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:56 msgid "" -"shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell script. " -"It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and the " -"second the configuration value to query. As output it lists a series of " -"shell assignments commands for each present value. In a shell script it " -"should be used like:" +"<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on " +"the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available " +"versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well " +"as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are " +"those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse " +"dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in question. " +"Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but reverse " +"dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg " +"libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:" msgstr "" +"<literal>showpkg</literal> mostra informazioni sui pacchetti elencati nella " +"riga di comando. I restanti argomenti sono nomi di pacchetto. Sono elencate " +"le versioni disponibili e le dipendenze inverse di ogni pacchetto, oltre " +"alle dipendenze dirette per ogni versione. Le dipendenze dirette (normali) " +"sono quei pacchetti da cui dipende il pacchetto in questione; le dipendenze " +"inverse sono quei pacchetti che dipendono dal pacchetto in questione. " +"Quindi, per un pacchetto, devono essere soddisfatte le dipendenze dirette, " +"ma non necessariamente quelle inverse. Per esempio, <command>apt-cache " +"showpkg libreadline2</command> produce un risultato simile al seguente:" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting> -#: apt-config.8.xml:59 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:68 #, no-wrap msgid "" -"OPTS=\"-f\"\n" -"RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n" -"eval $RES\n" +"Package: libreadline2\n" +"Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n" +"Reverse Depends: \n" +" libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n" +" libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n" +"Dependencies:\n" +"2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n" +"Provides:\n" +"2.1-12 - \n" +"Reverse Provides: \n" msgstr "" +"Package: libreadline2\n" +"Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/pinco_Packages),\n" +"Reverse Depends: \n" +" libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n" +" libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n" +"Dependencies:\n" +"2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n" +"Provides:\n" +"2.1-12 - \n" +"Reverse Provides: \n" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:64 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:80 msgid "" -"This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of MyApp::" -"options with a default of <option>-f</option>." +"Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and " +"ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, " +"libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If " +"libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be " +"installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be " +"installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is " +"best to consult the apt source code." msgstr "" +"Quindi si vede che libreadline2, versione 2.1-12, dipende da libc5 e " +"ncurses3.0 che devono essere installati affinché libreadline2 funzioni. A " +"loro volta, libreadlineg2 e libreadline2-altdev dipendono da libreadline2. " +"Se libreadline2 è installato, devono esserlo anche libc5 e ncurses3.0 (e " +"ldso); non necessariamente devono esserlo libreadlineg2 e libreadline2-" +"altdev. Per il significato specifico del resto dell'output è meglio " +"consultare il codice sorgente di apt." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:68 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:89 msgid "" -"The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file " -"names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an " -"integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:77 -msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space." +"<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No " +"further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:" msgstr "" +"<literal>stats</literal> mostra alcune statistiche sulla cache. Non sono " +"previsti ulteriori argomenti. Le statistiche riportate sono:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:90 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:92 msgid "" -"Include options which have an empty value. This is the default, so use --no-" -"empty to remove them from the output." +"<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found " +"in the cache." msgstr "" +"<literal>Totale nomi dei pacchetti</literal> è il numero di nomi di " +"pacchetto trovati nella cache." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> -#: apt-config.8.xml:95 -msgid "%f "%v";%n" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:96 +msgid "" +"<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary " +"package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence " +"between their names and the names used by other packages for them in " +"dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category." msgstr "" +"<literal>Pacchetti normali</literal> è il numero di nomi di pacchetti " +"regolari, normali; sono pacchetti che hanno una corrispondenza uno-a-uno fra " +"il loro nome e il nome usato da altri pacchetti per indicarli nelle loro " +"dipendenze. La maggioranza dei pacchetti ricade in questa categoria." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:96 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:102 msgid "" -"Defines the output of each config option. %t will be replaced with " -"the name of the option, %f with the complete optionname and %v " -"with the value of the option. Use uppercase letters and special characters " -"in the value will be encoded to ensure that it can e.g. be savely used in a " -"quoted-string as defined by RFC822. Additionally %n will be replaced " -"by a newline, %N by a tab. A % can be printed by using %" -"%." +"<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " +"exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the " +"virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, " +"\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian system is a pure virtual package; " +"several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no package " +"named \"mail-transport-agent\"." msgstr "" +"<literal>Pacchetti virtuali puri</literal> è il numero di pacchetti che " +"esistono solo come nome di pacchetto virtuale; vale a dire, i pacchetti " +"«forniscono» solamente il nome del pacchetto virtuale e nessun pacchetto in " +"realtà usa quel nome. Per esempio, «mail-transport-agent» nel sistema Debian " +"è un pacchetto virtuale puro; diversi pacchetti forniscono «mail-transport-" +"agent», ma non c'è alcun pacchetto chiamato «mail-transport-agent»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:110 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:71 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:608 -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:64 -msgid "&apt-conf;" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:110 +msgid "" +"<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with " +"only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the " +"Debian system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only one " +"package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"." msgstr "" +"<literal>Pacchetti virtuali singoli</literal> è il numero di pacchetti " +"virtuali per cui esiste solo un pacchetto che li fornisce. Per esempio, nel " +"sistema Debian «X11-text-viewer» è un pacchetto virtuale, ma solo un " +"pacchetto, xless, fornisce «X11-text-viewer»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-config.8.xml:115 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:116 msgid "" -"<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " -"on error." +"<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " +"either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name " +"as the package name. For instance, in the Debian system, \"debconf\" is both " +"an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny package." msgstr "" +"<literal>Pacchetti virtuali misti</literal> è il numero di pacchetti che " +"forniscono un particolare pacchetto virtuale oppure hanno il nome uguale a " +"quello del pacchetto virtuale. Per esempio, nel sistema Debian «debconf» è " +"sia un pacchetto vero e proprio, sia è fornito dal pacchetto debconf-tiny." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:26 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:26 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:26 -msgid "1" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:123 +msgid "" +"<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were " +"referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing " +"packages may be an evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a " +"package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually " +"they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements." msgstr "" +"<literal>Mancanti</literal> è il numero di nomi di pacchetto che vengono " +"menzionati in una dipendenza ma non sono forniti da alcun pacchetto. I " +"pacchetti mancanti possono essere un segno che non si ha accesso a una " +"distribuzione completa o che un pacchetto (reale o virtuale) è stato " +"eliminato da una distribuzione. Di solito vengono menzionati da clausole " +"Conflicts o Breaks." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:33 -msgid "Utility to extract DebConf config and templates from Debian packages" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:130 +msgid "" +"<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions " +"found in the cache; this value is therefore at least equal to the number of " +"total package names. If more than one distribution is being accessed (for " +"instance, \"stable\" and \"unstable\"), this value can be considerably " +"larger than the number of total package names." msgstr "" +"<literal>Totale versioni distinte</literal> è il numero di versioni di " +"pacchetti trovate nella cache; questo valore pertanto è almeno pari al " +"numero dei nomi totali di pacchetto. Se si ha accesso a più di una " +"distribuzione (ad esempio sia «stable» che «unstable»), questo valore può " +"essere decisamente più grande del numero dei nomi totali di pacchetto." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:39 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:137 msgid "" -"<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package " -"files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated " -"config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains " -"config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the " -"format:" +"<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency " +"relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache." msgstr "" +"<literal>Totale dipendenze</literal> è il numero di relazioni di dipendenza " +"dichiarate da tutti i pacchetti nella cache." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:44 -msgid "package version template-file config-script" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:145 +msgid "" +"<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that " +"match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all " +"records that declare the name to be a binary package." msgstr "" +"<literal>showsrc</literal> mostra tutti i pacchetti sorgente che " +"corrispondono ai nomi dei pacchetti specificati. Vengono mostrate tutte le " +"versioni, così come tutti i record che dichiarano che il nome è quello di un " +"pacchetto binario." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:45 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:151 msgid "" -"template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory " -"specified by the <option>-t</option> or <option>--tempdir</option> " -"(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with " -"filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXX</filename> and " -"<filename>package.config.XXXX</filename>" +"<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the cache. " +"It is primarily for debugging." msgstr "" +"<literal>dump</literal> mostra un breve elenco di tutti i pacchetti nella " +"cache. Serve soprattutto a scopo di debug." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:58 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:156 msgid "" -"Temporary directory in which to write extracted debconf template files and " -"config scripts. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::" -"TempDir</literal>" +"<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is " +"suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method." msgstr "" +"<literal>dumpavail</literal> stampa una lista di pacchetti disponibili su " +"stdout. Questa è adatta all'uso con &dpkg; ed è usata dal metodo &dselect;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:75 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:161 msgid "" -"<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, " -"decimal 100 on error." +"<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the " +"package cache." msgstr "" +"<literal>unmet</literal> mostra un riassunto di tutte le dipendenze non " +"soddisfatte nella cache dei pacchetti." -#. The last update date -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:16 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:166 msgid "" -"&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>17 " -"August 2009</date>" +"<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg --print-" +"avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named packages." msgstr "" +"<literal>show</literal> esegue una funzione simile a <command>dpkg --print-" +"avail</command>; mostra i record dei pacchetti per i pacchetti specificati." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:33 -msgid "Utility to generate index files" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:171 +msgid "&synopsis-regex;" +msgstr "&synopsis-regex;" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:39 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:172 msgid "" -"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates " -"the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index " -"files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that " -"site." -msgstr "" +"<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available " +"package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see ®ex;. It searches " +"the package names and the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular " +"expression and prints out the package name and the short description, " +"including virtual package names. If <option>--full</option> is given then " +"output identical to <literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched " +"package, and if <option>--names-only</option> is given then the long " +"description is not searched, only the package name is." +msgstr "" +"<literal>search</literal> esegue una ricerca completa a tutto testo in tutti " +"gli elenchi di pacchetti disponibili cercando il modello di espressione " +"regolare POSIX specificato; vedere ®ex;. Cerca le occorrenze " +"dell'espressione regolare nei nomi e nelle descrizioni dei pacchetti e " +"stampa il nome e la descrizione breve dei pacchetti, inclusi quelli " +"virtuali. Se viene fornita l'opzione <option>--full</option>, per ciascun " +"pacchetto che soddisfa la ricerca viene prodotto un output identico a quello " +"di <literal>show</literal>; se viene fornita l'opzione <option>--names-only</" +"option> la ricerca viene fatta solo sul nome del pacchetto e non sulla " +"descrizione lunga." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:43 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:183 msgid "" -"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; " -"program, incorporating its entire functionality via the <literal>packages</" -"literal> command. It also contains a contents file generator, " -"<literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' the " -"generation process for a complete archive." +"Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are " +"and'ed together." msgstr "" +"È possibile usare argomenti separati per specificare più modelli di ricerca " +"che vengono combinati con un AND." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:49 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:188 msgid "" -"Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary " -"databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any " -"external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it " -"automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed " -"output files." +"<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has " +"and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency." msgstr "" +"<literal>depends</literal> mostra un elenco con ogni dipendenza di un " +"pacchetto e tutti i possibili altri pacchetti che possono soddisfare quella " +"dipendenza." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:60 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:193 msgid "" -"The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It " -"takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, " -"emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately " -"equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;." +"<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a " +"package has." msgstr "" +"<literal>rdepends</literal> mostra un elenco di tutte le dipendenze inverse " +"di un pacchetto." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:197 +msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-prefix;</replaceable></optional>" +msgstr "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-prefix;</replaceable></optional>" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:65 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:89 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:198 msgid "" -"The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB." +"This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional " +"argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable " +"for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated " +"extremely quickly. This command is best used with the <option>--generate</" +"option> option." msgstr "" +"Questo comando stampa il nome di tutti i pacchetti che APT conosce. " +"L'argomento opzionale è un prefisso per filtrare l'elenco dei nomi. Il " +"risultato è adatto ad essere usato in una funzione di shell di completamento " +"automatico tramite Tab e viene generato molto rapidamente. Questo comando " +"viene usato al meglio con l'opzione <option>--generate</option>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:70 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:203 msgid "" -"The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a " -"directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it " -"for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is " -"approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;." +"Note that a package which APT knows of is not necessarily available to " +"download, installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in " +"the generated list." msgstr "" +"Notare che un pacchetto che APT conosce non è necessariamente disponibile " +"per essere scaricato, installabile o installato; ad esempio, i pacchetti " +"virtuali sono anch'essi compresi nell'elenco generato." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:75 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:209 msgid "" -"If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked " -"for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to " -"change the source override file that will be used." +"<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and " +"generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink url=\"http://www." +"research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> package. The result " +"will be a set of nodes and edges representing the relationships between the " +"packages. By default the given packages will trace out all dependent " +"packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit the output to only " +"the packages listed on the command line, set the <literal>APT::Cache::" +"GivenOnly</literal> option." msgstr "" +"<literal>dotty</literal> accetta un elenco di pacchetti dalla riga di " +"comando e genera un output adatto all'uso da parte di dotty del pacchetto " +"<ulink url=\"http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</" +"ulink>. Il risultato sarà un insieme di nodi e linee che rappresentano le " +"relazioni fra i pacchetti. In modo predefinito dai pacchetti dati si " +"risalirà a tutti i pacchetti delle dipendenze; ciò può produrre un grafo " +"molto grande. Per limitare il risultato ai soli pacchetti elencati sulla " +"riga di comando, impostare l'opzione <literal>APT::Cache::GivenOnly</" +"literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:82 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:218 msgid "" -"The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a " -"directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it " -"for .deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and " -"writes to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not " -"written to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each " -"package is separated by a comma in the output." +"The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, " +"pure virtual packages are triangles, mixed virtual packages are diamonds, " +"missing packages are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped (leaf " +"packages), blue lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts." +msgstr "" +"I nodi risultanti avranno diverse forme: i pacchetti normali sono " +"rettangoli, i pacchetti virtuali puri sono triangoli, i pacchetti virtuali " +"misti sono rombi, i pacchetti mancanti sono esagoni. I rettangoli arancioni " +"indicano che la ricorsione è stata arrestata (pacchetti foglia), le linee " +"blu sono pre-dipendenze, le linee verdi sono conflitti." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:223 +msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages." msgstr "" +"Attenzione: dotty non può creare i grafi degli insiemi più grandi di " +"pacchetti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:94 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:227 msgid "" -"The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a " -"directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for uncompressed " -"<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Sources</filename> files and the " -"ones compressed with <command>gzip</command>, <command>bzip2</command> or " -"<command>lzma</command> as well as <filename>Release</filename> and " -"<filename>md5sum.txt</filename> files by default (<literal>APT::FTPArchive::" -"Release::Default-Patterns</literal>). Additional filename patterns can be " -"added by listing them in <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Patterns</" -"literal>. It then writes to stdout a Release file containing a MD5, SHA1 " -"and SHA256 digest for each file." +"The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink url=" +"\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG tool</ulink>." msgstr "" +"Stessa cosa di <literal>dotty</literal>, ma per xvcg dello <ulink url=" +"\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">strumento VCG</" +"ulink>." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:231 +msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</optional>" +msgstr "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</optional>" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:104 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:232 msgid "" -"Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from " -"the corresponding variables under <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</" -"literal>, e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The " -"supported fields are: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, " -"<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, <literal>Codename</" -"literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, <literal>Valid-Until</literal>, " -"<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, " -"<literal>Description</literal>." +"<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the " +"preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each " +"source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority " +"selection of the named package." msgstr "" +"<literal>policy</literal> è pensato per aiutare a fare il debug di problemi " +"relativi al file delle preferenze. Senza argomenti stampa le priorità di " +"ciascuna fonte. Altrimenti stampa informazioni dettagliate sulla selezione " +"di priorità del pacchetto indicato." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:117 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:239 msgid "" -"The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a " -"cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The " -"config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files " -"are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of " -"maintaining the required settings." +"<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts " +"to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian " +"archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available " +"versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original " +"<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the " +"architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists (<literal>APT::" +"Architecture</literal>)." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>madison</literal> di <literal>apt-cache</literal> cerca " +"di imitare il formato di uscita e un sottoinsieme delle funzionalità di " +"<literal>madison</literal>, lo strumento di gestione dell'archivio di " +"Debian. Mostra le versioni disponibili di un pacchetto in forma tabellare. " +"Contrariamente al <literal>madison</literal> originale, può mostrare " +"informazioni solamente per l'architettura per cui APT ha recuperato gli " +"elenchi dei pacchetti (<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:126 +#: apt-cache.8.xml:255 msgid "" -"The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given " -"configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:132 -msgid "The Generate Configuration" +"Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary " +"cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::" +"pkgcache</literal>." msgstr "" +"Seleziona il file in cui memorizzare la cache dei pacchetti. Questa è la " +"cache primaria usata da tutte le operazioni. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>Dir::Cache::pkgcache</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:134 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:261 msgid "" -"The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to " -"describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical " -"ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. &apt-" -"conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate " -"configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a " -"tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled." +"Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by " +"<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package " +"information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source " +"cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration " +"Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>." msgstr "" +"Seleziona il file in cui memorizzare la cache dei sorgenti. Questa è usata " +"solo da <literal>gencaches</literal> e memorizza una versione analizzata " +"delle informazioni sui pacchetti provenienti da fonti remote. Al momento " +"della costruzione della cache dei pacchetti, la cache dei sorgenti viene " +"usata per evitare di rileggere tutti i file dei pacchetti. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:142 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:269 msgid "" -"The generate configuration has 4 separate sections, each described below." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:144 -msgid "Dir Section" +"Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " +"More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " +"<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the " +"configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" +"Silenzioso; produce un output adatto per un file di registro, omettendo gli " +"indicatori di avanzamento. Ulteriori q produrranno un risultato ancor più " +"silenzioso, fino a un massimo di 2. È anche possibile usare <option>-q=n</" +"option> per impostare il livello di silenziosità a n, scavalcando il file di " +"configurazione. Voce di configurazione: <literal>quiet</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:146 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:276 msgid "" -"The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed " -"to locate the files required during the generation process. These " -"directories are prepended certain relative paths defined in later sections " -"to produce a complete an absolute path." +"Print only important dependencies; for use with <literal>unmet</literal> and " +"<literal>depends</literal>. Causes only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to " +"be printed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>." msgstr "" +"Stampa solo le dipendenze importanti; da usarsi con <literal>unmet</literal> " +"e <literal>depends</literal>. Fa sì che vengano stampate solo le relazioni " +"Depends e Pre-Depends. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Cache::" +"Important</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:153 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:290 msgid "" -"Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration " -"this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist " -"nodes." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:160 -msgid "Specifies the location of the override files." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:165 -msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files" +"Per default the <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> " +"print all dependencies. This can be tweaked with these flags which will omit " +"the specified dependency type. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::" +"Show<replaceable>DependencyType</replaceable></literal> e.g. <literal>APT::" +"Cache::ShowRecommends</literal>." msgstr "" +"In modo predefinito <literal>depends</literal> e <literal>rdepends</literal> " +"stampano tutte le dipendenze. Ciò può essere modificato con queste opzioni " +"che omettono il tipo specificato di dipendenza. Voce di configurazione " +"<literal>APT::Cache::Show<replaceable>TipoDipendenza</replaceable></" +"literal>, ad es. <literal>APT::Cache::ShowRecommends</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:170 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:297 msgid "" -"Specifies the location of the file list files, if the <literal>FileList</" -"literal> setting is used below." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:176 -msgid "Default Section" +"Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>." msgstr "" +"Stampa l'intero record dei pacchetti durante la ricerca. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:178 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:302 msgid "" -"The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and " -"settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may " -"override these defaults with a per-section setting." +"Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn " +"it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If <option>--no-all-" +"versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version will be displayed " +"(the one which would be selected for installation). This option is only " +"applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>." msgstr "" +"Stampa i record completi per tutte le versioni disponibili. Questa è " +"l'impostazione predefinita; per disattivarla, usare <option>--no-all-" +"versions</option>. Se si specifica <option>--no-all-versions</option>, verrà " +"visualizzata solo la versione candidata (quella che sarebbe scelta per " +"l'installazione). Questa opzione è applicabile solo al comando " +"<literal>show</literal>. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::Cache::" +"AllVersions</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:184 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:311 msgid "" -"Sets the default compression schemes to use for the Package index files. It " -"is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of: '.' (no " -"compression), 'gzip' and 'bzip2'. The default for all compression schemes is " -"'. gzip'." +"Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as " +"it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use <option>--no-generate</" +"option>. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>." msgstr "" +"Esegui la rigenerazione automatica della cache dei pachetti, piuttosto che " +"usare la cache così com'è. Questa è l'impostazione predefinita; per " +"disattivarla, usare <option>--no-generate</option>. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:192 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:317 msgid "" -"Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This " -"defaults to '.deb'." +"Only search on the package names, not the long descriptions. Configuration " +"Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>." msgstr "" +"Cerca soltanto nei nomi dei pacchetti, non nelle descrizioni lunghe. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:198 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:322 msgid "" -"This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " -"controls the compression for the Sources files." +"Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages " +"and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::" +"AllNames</literal>." msgstr "" +"Fai sì che <literal>pkgnames</literal> stampi tutti i nomi, inclusi i " +"pacchetti virtuali e le dipendenze mancanti. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>APT::Cache::AllNames</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:204 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:328 msgid "" -"Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This " -"defaults to '.dsc'." +"Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so " +"that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>." msgstr "" +"Rendi ricorsivi <literal>depends</literal> e <literal>rdepends</literal> in " +"modo che tutti i pacchetti menzionati siano stampati una sola volta. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:210 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:335 msgid "" -"This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " -"controls the compression for the Contents files." +"Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</" +"literal> to packages which are currently installed. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>." msgstr "" +"Limita l'output di <literal>depends</literal> e <literal>rdepends</literal> " +"ai pacchetti attualmente installati. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::" +"Cache::Installed</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:216 -msgid "" -"This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " -"controls the compression for the Translation-en master file." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:353 +msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;" +msgstr "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:222 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-cache.8.xml:358 msgid "" -"Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) " -"per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section <literal>External-" -"Links</literal> setting." +"<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " +"on error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-cache</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento " +"normale e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:229 -msgid "" -"Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All " -"index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-key.8.xml:34 +msgid "APT key management utility" +msgstr "strumento APT per la gestione delle chiavi" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:236 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:382 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:41 msgid "" -"Sets if long descriptions should be included in the Packages file or split " -"out into a master Translation-en file." +"<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to " +"authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these " +"keys will be considered trusted." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-key</command> viene usato per gestire l'elenco delle chiavi " +"usate da apt per autenticare i pacchetti. I pacchetti che sono stati " +"autenticati usando queste chiavi verranno considerati fidati." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:242 -msgid "TreeDefault Section" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-key.8.xml:47 +msgid "Commands" +msgstr "Comandi" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:244 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:52 msgid "" -"Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these " -"variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), " -"$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values." +"Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from the " +"filename given with the parameter &synopsis-param-filename; or if the " +"filename is <literal>-</literal> from standard input." msgstr "" +"Aggiunge una nuova chiave all'elenco delle chiavi fidate. La chiave viene " +"letta dal file specificato con il parametro &synopsis-param-filename; o, se " +"il nome file è <literal>-</literal>, dallo standard input." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:251 -msgid "" -"Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each day. " -"The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they will all " -"be rebuilt." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:65 +msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys." +msgstr "Rimuove una chiave dall'elenco delle chiavi fidate." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:258 -msgid "" -"Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without " -"changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is updated. " -"This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way that does " -"not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A hold off " -"is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a new file " -"anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:76 +msgid "Output the key &synopsis-param-keyid; to standard output." msgstr "" +"Visualizza sullo standard output l'&synopsis-param-keyid; della chiave." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:269 -msgid "" -"Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/" -"$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:87 +msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output." +msgstr "Visualizza sullo standard output tutte le chiavi fidate." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:275 -msgid "" -"Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to <filename>" -"$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:98 +msgid "List trusted keys." +msgstr "Elenca le chiavi fidate." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:281 -msgid "" -"Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/" -"binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:109 +msgid "List fingerprints of trusted keys." +msgstr "Elenca le impronte digitali delle chiavi fidate." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:287 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:120 msgid "" -"Sets the output Sources file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/" -"source/Sources</filename>" +"Pass advanced options to gpg. With adv --recv-key you can download the " +"public key." msgstr "" +"Passa opzioni avanzate a gpg. Con adv --recv-key è possibile scaricare la " +"chiave pubblica." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:293 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:132 msgid "" -"Set the output Translation-en master file with the long descriptions if they " -"should be not included in the Packages file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/" -"$(SECTION)/i18n/Translation-en</filename>" +"Update the local keyring with the archive keyring and remove from the local " +"keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid. The archive keyring is " +"shipped in the <literal>archive-keyring</literal> package of your " +"distribution, e.g. the &keyring-package; package in &keyring-distro;." msgstr "" +"Aggiorna il portachiavi locale con il portachiavi dell'archivio e rimuove " +"dal portachiavi locale le chiavi di archivio che non sono più valide. Il " +"portachiavi degli archivi è fornito nel pacchetto <literal>archive-keyring</" +"literal> delle diverse distribuzioni, ad esempio il pacchetto &keyring-" +"package; in &keyring-distro;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:300 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:146 msgid "" -"Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link " -"instead of an external link. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</" -"filename>" +"Perform an update working similarly to the <command>update</command> command " +"above, but get the archive keyring from a URI instead and validate it " +"against a master key. This requires an installed &wget; and an APT build " +"configured to have a server to fetch from and a master keyring to validate. " +"APT in Debian does not support this command, relying on <command>update</" +"command> instead, but Ubuntu's APT does." msgstr "" +"Effettua un aggiornamento funzionando in modo simile al comando " +"<command>update</command> descritto prima, ma ottiene invece il portachiavi " +"degli archivi da un URI e lo convalida usando una chiave master. Ciò " +"richiede che &wget; sia installato, e una versione di APT configurata per " +"avere un server da cui scaricare e un portachiavi master per la convalida. " +"APT in Debian non supporta questo comando, ma fa affidamento sul comando " +"<command>update</command>; APT in Ubuntu invece lo fa." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:307 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-key.8.xml:162 apt-cdrom.8.xml:82 +msgid "Options" +msgstr "Opzioni" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:163 msgid "" -"Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/Contents-$(ARCH)" -"</filename>. If this setting causes multiple Packages files to map onto a " -"single Contents file (such as the default) then <command>apt-ftparchive</" -"command> will integrate those package files together automatically." +"Note that options need to be defined before the commands described in the " +"previous section." msgstr "" +"Notare che le opzioni devono essere definite prima dei comandi descritti " +"nella sezione precedente." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:316 -msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:321 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:166 msgid "" -"Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections " -"can share the same database." +"With this option it is possible to specify a particular keyring file the " +"command should operate on. The default is that a command is executed on the " +"<filename>trusted.gpg</filename> file as well as on all parts in the " +"<filename>trusted.gpg.d</filename> directory, though <filename>trusted.gpg</" +"filename> is the primary keyring which means that e.g. new keys are added to " +"this one." msgstr "" +"Con questa opzione è possibile specificare un particolare file portachiavi " +"su cui deve operare il comando. Il comportamento predefinito esegue i " +"comandi sul file <filename>trusted.gpg</filename>, così come su tutte le " +"parti nella directory <filename>trusted.gpg.d</filename>; <filename>trusted." +"gpg</filename> è però il portachiavi primario il che significa, ad esempio, " +"che le nuove chiavi sono aggiunte ad esso." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:327 -msgid "" -"Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, <command>apt-" -"ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the given file. " -"Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt-key.8.xml:181 +msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>" +msgstr "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:334 -msgid "" -"Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, <command>apt-" -"ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the given file. " -"Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. This is used " -"when processing source indexes." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:182 +msgid "Local trust database of archive keys." +msgstr "Database locale di fiducia delle chiavi archiviate." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt-key.8.xml:185 +msgid "&keyring-filename;" +msgstr "&keyring-filename;" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:186 +msgid "Keyring of &keyring-distro; archive trusted keys." +msgstr "Portachiavi delle chiavi fidate degli archivi &keyring-distro;." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt-key.8.xml:189 +msgid "&keyring-removed-filename;" +msgstr "&keyring-removed-filename;" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:190 +msgid "Keyring of &keyring-distro; archive removed trusted keys." msgstr "" +"Portachiavi delle chiavi fidate rimosse degli archivi &keyring-distro;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:342 -msgid "Tree Section" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-key.8.xml:199 +msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;" +msgstr "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:35 +msgid "mark/unmark a package as being automatically-installed" msgstr "" +"mette/toglie il contrassegno di automaticamente installato ai pacchetti" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:344 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:41 msgid "" -"The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree " -"which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base " -"directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact " -"pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution " -"variable." +"<command>apt-mark</command> will change whether a package has been marked as " +"being automatically installed." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-mark</command> cambia il contrassegno di un pacchetto che " +"indica se è stato installato automaticamente." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:349 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:45 msgid "" -"The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the " -"<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the " -"path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a " -"setting such as <filename>dists/&stable-codename;</filename>." +"When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages " +"are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as " +"being automatically installed. Once these automatically installed packages " +"are no longer depended on by any manually installed packages, they will be " +"removed by e.g. <command>apt-get</command> or <command>aptitude</command>." msgstr "" +"Quando viene richiesta l'installazione di un pacchetto e ciò fa sì che altri " +"pacchetti vengano installati per soddisfare le sue dipendenze, queste ultime " +"sono contrassegnate come installate automaticamente. Una volta che non c'è " +"più alcun pacchetto installato manualmente che dipende da questi pacchetti " +"installati automaticamente, essi vengono rimossi, ad esempio da <command>apt-" +"get</command> o <command>aptitude</command>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:354 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:54 msgid "" -"All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section " -"can be use in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new " -"variables." +"<literal>auto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically " +"installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually " +"installed packages depend on this package." msgstr "" +"<literal>auto</literal> viene usato per contrassegnare un pacchetto come " +"installato automaticamente, il che fa sì che il pacchetto venga rimosso " +"quando non c'è più alcun pacchetto installato manualmente che dipende da " +"esso." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:360 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:62 msgid "" -"for i in Sections do \n" -" for j in Architectures do\n" -" Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n" -" " +"<literal>manual</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually " +"installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed " +"if no other packages depend on it." msgstr "" +"<literal>manual</literal> viene usato per contrassegnare un pacchetto come " +"installato manualmente, il che impedisce che un pacchetto venga rimosso " +"automaticamente se nessun altro dipende da esso." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:357 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:70 msgid "" -"When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section <command>apt-ftparchive</" -"command> performs an operation similar to: <placeholder type=\"programlisting" -"\" id=\"0\"/>" +"<literal>hold</literal> is used to mark a package as held back, which will " +"prevent the package from being automatically installed, upgraded or " +"removed. The command is only a wrapper around <command>dpkg --set-" +"selections</command> and the state is therefore maintained by &dpkg; and not " +"affected by the <option>--file</option> option." msgstr "" +"<literal>hold</literal> viene usato per contrassegnare un pacchetto come " +"bloccato, il che impedisce che il pacchetto venga automaticamente " +"installato, aggiornato o rimosso. Il comando è solamente un wrapper per " +"<command>dpkg --set-selections</command> e lo stato è pertanto mantenuto da " +"&dpkg; e non è influenzato dall'opzione <option>--file</option>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:368 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:80 msgid "" -"This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the " -"distribution, typically this is something like <literal>main contrib non-" -"free</literal>" +"<literal>unhold</literal> is used to cancel a previously set hold on a " +"package to allow all actions again." msgstr "" +"<literal>unhold</literal> viene usato per annullare un blocco impostato in " +"precedenza, per permettere nuovamente tutte le azioni." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:375 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:86 msgid "" -"This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under " -"search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that " -"this tree has a source archive." +"<literal>showauto</literal> is used to print a list of automatically " +"installed packages with each package on a new line. All automatically " +"installed packages will be listed if no package is given. If packages are " +"given only those which are automatically installed will be shown." msgstr "" +"<literal>showauto</literal> viene usato per stampare un elenco di pacchetti " +"installati automaticamente, ciascuno su una riga. Se non viene specificato " +"alcun pacchetto, vengono elencati tutti i pacchetti installati " +"automaticamente. Se vengono specificati dei pacchetti, verranno mostrati " +"solo quelli automaticamente installati." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:388 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:94 msgid "" -"Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority " -"and maintainer address information." +"<literal>showmanual</literal> can be used in the same way as " +"<literal>showauto</literal> except that it will print a list of manually " +"installed packages instead." msgstr "" +"<literal>showmanual</literal> può essere usato nello stesso modo di " +"<literal>showauto</literal>, tranne per il fatto che stampa invece un elenco " +"dei pacchetti installati manualmente" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:394 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:101 msgid "" -"Sets the source override file. The override file contains section " -"information." +"<literal>showhold</literal> is used to print a list of packages on hold in " +"the same way as for the other show commands." msgstr "" +"<literal>showhold</literal> viene usato per stampare un elenco di pacchetti " +"bloccati in modo uguale a ciò che fanno gli altri comandi «show»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:400 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:446 -msgid "Sets the binary extra override file." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:117 +msgid "" +"Read/Write package stats from the filename given with the parameter " +"&synopsis-param-filename; instead of from the default location, which is " +"<filename>extended_status</filename> in the directory defined by the " +"Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</literal>." msgstr "" +"Legge/Scrive le statistiche sui pacchetti dal file specificato con il " +"parametro &synopsis-param-filename; invece che dalla posizione predefinita " +"che è <filename>extended_status</filename> nella directory definita dalla " +"voce di configurazione <literal>Dir::State</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:405 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:451 -msgid "Sets the source extra override file." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-mark.8.xml:138 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on " +"error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-mark</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento " +"normale e un valore diverso da zero in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:410 -msgid "BinDirectory Section" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:49 +msgid "Archive authentication support for APT" +msgstr "supporto per l'autenticazione degli archivi per APT" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:412 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:54 msgid "" -"The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree " -"with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the " -"binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> " -"section with no substitution variables or <literal>Section</" -"literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:420 -msgid "Sets the Packages file output." +"Starting with version 0.6, <command>apt</command> contains code that does " +"signature checking of the Release file for all archives. This ensures that " +"packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have no access to " +"the Release file signing key." msgstr "" +"A partire dalla versione 0.6, <command>apt</command> contiene del codice che " +"controlla le firme dei file Release per tutti gli archivi. Ciò assicura che " +"i pacchetti in quegli archivi non possano essere modificati da persone che " +"non hanno accesso alla chiave di firma dei file Release." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:425 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:62 msgid "" -"Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or " -"<literal>Sources</literal> is required." +"If a package comes from a archive without a signature, or with a signature " +"that apt does not have a key for, that package is considered untrusted, and " +"installing it will result in a big warning. <command>apt-get</command> will " +"currently only warn for unsigned archives; future releases might force all " +"sources to be verified before downloading packages from them." msgstr "" +"Se un pacchetto proviene da un archivio senza una firma, o con una firma per " +"la quale apt non ha una chiave, tale pacchetto viene considerato non fidato " +"e quando lo si installa si ottiene un importante avvertimento. <command>apt-" +"get</command> attualmente avverte solamente in caso di archivi non firmati; " +"le versioni future potrebbero forzare la verifica di tutte le fonti prima di " +"scaricare pacchetti da esse." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:431 -msgid "Sets the Contents file output. (optional)" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:71 +msgid "" +"The package frontends &apt-get;, &aptitude; and &synaptic; support this new " +"authentication feature." msgstr "" +"I frontend per i pacchetti &apt-get;, &aptitude; e &synaptic; supportano " +"questa nuova funzionalità di autenticazione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:436 -msgid "Sets the binary override file." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:76 +msgid "Trusted archives" +msgstr "Archivi fidati" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:441 -msgid "Sets the source override file." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:79 +msgid "" +"The chain of trust from an apt archive to the end user is made up of several " +"steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this chain; " +"trusting an archive does not mean that you trust its packages not to contain " +"malicious code, but means that you trust the archive maintainer. It's the " +"archive maintainer's responsibility to ensure that the archive's integrity " +"is preserved." +msgstr "" +"La catena di fiducia da un archivio apt all'utente finale è composta di vari " +"passaggi intermedi. <command>apt-secure</command> è l'ultimo della catena; " +"il fatto che si abbia fiducia in un archivio non significa che si abbia " +"fiducia che i suoi pacchetti non contengano codice malevolo, ma significa " +"che si ha fiducia nel manutentore dell'archivio. È responsabilità del " +"manutentore dell'archivio assicurare che sia preservata l'integrità " +"dell'archivio." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:456 -msgid "Sets the cache DB." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:87 +msgid "" +"apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require " +"tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and " +"<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts " +"packages respectively)." msgstr "" +"apt-secure non controlla le firme a livello di pacchetto. Se si desiderano " +"strumenti per farlo, si possono guardare <command>debsig-verify</command> e " +"<command>debsign</command> (forniti rispettivamente nei pacchetti debsig-" +"verify e devscripts)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:461 -msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:94 +msgid "" +"The chain of trust in Debian starts when a maintainer uploads a new package " +"or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. In order to become " +"effective, this upload needs to be signed by a key contained in the Debian " +"Maintainers keyring (available in the debian-keyring package). Maintainers' " +"keys are signed by other maintainers following pre-established procedures to " +"ensure the identity of the key holder." +msgstr "" +"La catena di fiducia in Debian ha inizio quando un manutentore carica un " +"nuovo pacchetto o una nuova versione di un pacchetto nell'archivio Debian. " +"Per poter diventare effettivo, questo caricamento deve essere firmato con " +"una chiave contenuta nel portachiavi dei manutentori Debian (disponibile nel " +"pacchetto debian-keyring). Le chiavi dei manutentori sono firmate da altri " +"manutentori seguendo delle procedure prestabilite, per assicurare l'identità " +"del proprietario della chiave." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:466 -msgid "Specifies the file list file." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:104 +msgid "" +"Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the " +"maintainer signature is stripped off, and checksums of the package are " +"computed and put in the Packages file. The checksums of all of the Packages " +"files are then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is " +"then signed by the archive key for this &keyring-distro; release, and " +"distributed alongside the packages and the Packages files on &keyring-" +"distro; mirrors. The keys are in the &keyring-distro; archive keyring " +"available in the &keyring-package; package." +msgstr "" +"Una volta che il pacchetto caricato è verificato e incluso nell'archivio, la " +"firma del manutentore viene rimossa e i codici di controllo del pacchetto " +"vengono calcolati e messi nel file Packages. Vengono quindi calcolati i " +"codici di controllo di tutti i file Packages e vengono messi nel file " +"Release. Il file Release viene poi firmato con la chiave dell'archivio per " +"questo rilascio di &keyring-distro; e viene distribuito insieme ai pacchetti " +"e ai file Packages nei mirror &keyring-distro;. Le chiavi sono nel " +"portachiavi degli archivi &keyring-distro;, disponibile nel pacchetto " +"&keyring-package;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:473 -msgid "The Binary Override File" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:115 +msgid "" +"End users can check the signature of the Release file, extract a checksum of " +"a package from it and compare it with the checksum of the package they " +"downloaded by hand - or rely on APT doing this automatically." msgstr "" +"Gli utenti finali possono controllare la firma del file Release, estrarre da " +"esso il codice di controllo di un pacchetto e confrontarlo con il codice di " +"controllo del pacchetto che hanno scaricato a mano, oppure possono affidarsi " +"ad APT che lo fa automaticamente." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:474 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:120 msgid "" -"The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It " -"contains 4 fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package name, " -"the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the the " -"section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer " -"permutation field." +"Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package " +"basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:" msgstr "" +"Notare che questo è diverso dal controllare le firme per ciascun pacchetto. " +"È progettato per prevenire due possibili attacchi:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:480 -#, no-wrap -msgid "old [// oldn]* => new" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:125 +msgid "" +"<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature " +"checking, malicious agents can introduce themselves into the package " +"download process and provide malicious software either by controlling a " +"network element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue " +"server (through ARP or DNS spoofing attacks)." msgstr "" +"<literal>Attacchi di rete «man in the middle»</literal>. Senza il controllo " +"delle firme, soggetti malevoli possono introdursi nel processo di " +"scaricamento dei pacchetti e fornire software pericoloso controllando un " +"elemento di rete (router, switch, ecc.) oppure ridirigendo il traffico ad un " +"server cattivo (attraverso attacchi di falsificazione di DNS e ARP)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:482 -#, no-wrap -msgid "new" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:133 +msgid "" +"<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a " +"malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to " +"propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that " +"host." msgstr "" +"<literal>Compromissione della rete dei mirror</literal>. Senza il controllo " +"delle firme, soggetti malevoli possono compromettere un host mirror e " +"modificare i file su di esso per propagare il software pericoloso a tutti " +"gli utenti che scaricano i pacchetti da quell'host." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:479 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:140 msgid "" -"The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder type=" -"\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" " -"id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash separated list of old email " -"addresses to be specified. If any of those are found then new is substituted " -"for the maintainer field. The second form unconditionally substitutes the " -"maintainer field." +"However, it does not defend against a compromise of the Debian master server " +"itself (which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to " +"sign the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a per-" +"package signature." msgstr "" +"Tuttavia non difende dalle compromissioni del server principale Debian " +"stesso (che firma i pacchetti) o dalla compromissione della chiave usata per " +"firmare i file Release. In ogni caso, questo meccanismo può complementare le " +"firme a livello di singolo pacchetto." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:490 -msgid "The Source Override File" +#: apt-secure.8.xml:146 +msgid "User configuration" +msgstr "Configurazione utente" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:148 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used " +"by apt. It can be used to add or remove keys, although an installation of " +"this release will automatically contain the default Debian archive signing " +"keys used in the Debian package repositories." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-key</command> è il programma che gestisce l'elenco delle chiavi " +"usate da apt. Può essere usato per aggiungere o rimuovere chiavi, anche se " +"un'installazione di questo rilascio contiene automaticamente le chiavi " +"predefinite per la firma degli archivi Debian usate nei repository dei " +"pacchetti Debian." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:492 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:155 msgid "" -"The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It " -"contains 2 fields separated by spaces. The first fields is the source " -"package name, the second is the section to assign it." +"In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make " +"sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add " +"it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get update</" +"command> so that apt can download and verify the <filename>InRelease</" +"filename> or <filename>Release.gpg</filename> files from the archives you " +"have configured." msgstr "" +"Per aggiungere una nuova chiave, è necessario prima scaricarla (ci si " +"dovrebbe assicurare di usare un canale di comunicazione fidato quando la si " +"recupera), aggiungerla con <command>apt-key</command> e poi eseguire " +"<command>apt-get update</command>, in modo che apt possa scaricare e " +"verificare i file <filename>InRelease</filename> o <filename>Release.gpg</" +"filename> dagli archivi che sono configurati." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:497 -msgid "The Extra Override File" -msgstr "" +#: apt-secure.8.xml:164 +msgid "Archive configuration" +msgstr "Configurazione dell'archivio" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:499 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:166 msgid "" -"The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in " -"the output. It has 3 columns, the first is the package, the second is the " -"tag and the remainder of the line is the new value." +"If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your " +"maintenance you have to:" msgstr "" +"Se si desiderano fornire firme per un archivio di cui si è il manutentore, " +"si deve:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:510 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:171 msgid "" -"Generate the given checksum. These options default to on, when turned off " -"the generated index files will not have the checksum fields where possible. " -"Configuration Items: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Checksum</" -"replaceable></literal> and <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Index</" -"replaceable>::<replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> where " -"<literal><replaceable>Index</replaceable></literal> can be " -"<literal>Packages</literal>, <literal>Sources</literal> or <literal>Release</" -"literal> and <literal><replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> can be " -"<literal>MD5</literal>, <literal>SHA1</literal> or <literal>SHA256</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:521 -msgid "" -"Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:527 -msgid "" -"Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " -"More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " -"<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " -"file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535 -msgid "" -"Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used " -"then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on " -"and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration " -"Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:543 -msgid "" -"Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are " -"being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted " -"and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this " -"option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>." +"<emphasis>Create a toplevel Release file</emphasis>, if it does not exist " +"already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive release</" +"command> (provided in apt-utils)." msgstr "" +"<emphasis>Creare un file Release di livello più alto</emphasis>, se non " +"esiste già. Lo si può fare eseguendo <command>apt-ftparchive release</" +"command> (fornito in apt-utils)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:553 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:176 msgid "" -"Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> " -"command. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</" -"literal>." +"<emphasis>Sign it</emphasis>. You can do this by running <command>gpg --" +"clearsign -o InRelease Release</command> and <command>gpg -abs -o Release." +"gpg Release</command>." msgstr "" +"<emphasis>Firmarlo</emphasis>. Lo si può fare eseguendo <command>gpg --" +"clearsign -o InRelease Release</command> e <command>gpg -abs -o Release.gpg " +"Release</command>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:559 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:180 msgid "" -"Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" -"FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>." +"<emphasis>Publish the key fingerprint</emphasis>, that way your users will " +"know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the " +"archive." msgstr "" +"<emphasis>Pubblicare l'impronta digitale della chiave</emphasis>, in questo " +"modo gli utenti sapranno quale chiave devono importare per poter autenticare " +"i file nell'archivio." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:564 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:187 msgid "" -"Accept in the <literal>packages</literal> and <literal>contents</literal> " -"commands only package files matching <literal>*_arch.deb</literal> or " -"<literal>*_all.deb</literal> instead of all package files in the given " -"path. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Architecture</literal>." +"Whenever the contents of the archive change (new packages are added or " +"removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps outlined " +"above." msgstr "" +"Ogni volta che i contenuti dell'archivio cambiano (sono aggiunti o rimossi " +"nuovi pacchetti), il manutentore dell'archivio deve compiere nuovamente i " +"primi due passi descritti sopra." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:572 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:195 msgid "" -"&apt-ftparchive; caches as much as possible of metadata in a cachedb. If " -"packages are recompiled and/or republished with the same version again, this " -"will lead to problems as the now outdated cached metadata like size and " -"checksums will be used. With this option enabled this will no longer happen " -"as it will be checked if the file was changed. Note that this option is set " -"to \"<literal>false</literal>\" by default as it is not recommend to upload " -"multiply versions/builds of a package with the same versionnumber, so in " -"theory nobody will have these problems and therefore all these extra checks " -"are useless." +"&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, " +"&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;" msgstr "" +"&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, " +"&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:584 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-secure.8.xml:199 msgid "" -"This configuration option defaults to \"<literal>true</literal>\" and should " -"only be set to <literal>\"false\"</literal> if the Archive generated with " -"&apt-ftparchive; also provides <filename>Translation</filename> files. Note " -"that the <filename>Translation-en</filename> master file can only be created " -"in the generate command." +"For more background information you might want to review the <ulink url=" +"\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7\">Debian " +"Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual " +"(available also in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink url=\"http://www." +"cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong Distribution HOWTO</" +"ulink> by V. Alex Brennen." msgstr "" +"Per maggiori informazioni sui concetti alla base di questo sistema, si può " +"leggere il capitolo <ulink url=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-" +"debian-howto/ch7\">Debian Security Infrastructure</ulink> del manuale " +"Securing Debian (disponibile anche nel pacchetto harden-doc) e il <ulink url=" +"\"http://www.cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong " +"Distribution HOWTO</ulink> di V. Alex Brennen." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:596 apt.conf.5.xml:1113 apt_preferences.5.xml:545 -#: sources.list.5.xml:214 -msgid "Examples" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:602 -#, no-wrap -msgid "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages <replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > <filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n" -msgstr "" +#: apt-secure.8.xml:212 +msgid "Manpage Authors" +msgstr "Autori della pagina di manuale" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:598 +#: apt-secure.8.xml:214 msgid "" -"To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary " -"packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" +"This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac " +"Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt." msgstr "" +"Questa pagina di manuale è basata sul lavoro di Javier Fernández-Sanguino " +"Peña, Isaac Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer e Michael Vogt." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:612 -msgid "" -"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " -"100 on error." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:34 +msgid "APT CD-ROM management utility" +msgstr "strumento APT per la gestione dei CD-ROM" -#. The last update date -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo> -#: apt-get.8.xml:16 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:40 msgid "" -"&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>08 " -"November 2008</date>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-get.8.xml:33 -msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface" +"<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CD-ROM to APT's list of " +"available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining " +"the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible mis-" +"burns and verifying the index files." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-cdrom</command> è usato per aggiungere un nuovo CD-ROM alla " +"lista delle fonti disponibili per APT. <command>apt-cdrom</command> si " +"prende cura di determinare la struttura del disco e anche di correggere " +"possibili errori di masterizzazione e di verificare i file indice." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:39 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:47 msgid "" -"<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, " -"and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT " -"library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, " -"&aptitude;, &synaptic; and &wajig;." +"It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT " +"system; it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disc in a multi-CD set " +"must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns." msgstr "" +"Per aggiungere dei CD al sistema APT è necessario usare <command>apt-cdrom</" +"command>, in quanto ciò non può essere fatto manualmente. Inoltre ogni disco " +"in un insieme di più CD deve essere inserito e scansionato separatamente per " +"tenere conto di possibili errori di masterizzazione." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:49 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:58 msgid "" -"<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files " -"from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the " -"location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For " -"example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the " -"<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and " -"updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be " -"performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or <literal>dist-upgrade</" -"literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress meter will be incorrect " -"as the size of the package files cannot be known in advance." +"<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will " +"unmount the CD-ROM device, prompt for a disc to be inserted and then proceed " +"to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper " +"<filename>.disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive " +"title." msgstr "" +"<literal>add</literal> è usato per aggiungere un nuovo disco alla lista " +"delle fonti. Smonterà il device del CD-ROM, chiederà di inserire un disco e " +"poi procederà alla sua scansione e copierà i file indice. Se il disco non ha " +"una directory <filename>.disk/</filename> corretta, verrà chiesto un titolo " +"descrittivo." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:61 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:66 msgid "" -"<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all " -"packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in " -"<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed " -"with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no " -"circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not " -"already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently " -"installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install " -"status of another package will be left at their current version. An " -"<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that <command>apt-get</" -"command> knows that new versions of packages are available." +"APT uses a CD-ROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and " +"maintains a database of these IDs in <filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</" +"filename>" msgstr "" +"APT usa un identificativo per i CD-ROM per tenere traccia di quale disco è " +"attualmente nel lettore e mantiene un database di questi identificativi nel " +"file <filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</filename>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:74 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:74 msgid "" -"<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the " -"traditional Debian packaging front-end, &dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</" -"literal> follows the changes made by &dselect; to the <literal>Status</" -"literal> field of available packages, and performs the actions necessary to " -"realize that state (for instance, the removal of old and the installation of " -"new packages)." +"A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the " +"stored file name" msgstr "" +"Uno strumento di debug per riportare l'identità del disco corrente così come " +"il nome dei file memorizzato." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:84 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:87 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Mount point; specify the location to mount the CD-ROM. This mount point " +#| "must be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly " +#| "configured. Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>." msgid "" -"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of " -"<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies " -"with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" " -"conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most " -"important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. So, " -"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may remove some packages. The " -"<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of locations " -"from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-preferences; " -"for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual packages." +"Do not try to auto-detect the CD-ROM path. Usually combined with the " +"<option>--cdrom</option> option. Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::" +"cdrom::AutoDetect</literal>." msgstr "" +"Punto di mount; specifica la posizione in cui montare il CD-ROM. Questo " +"punto di mount deve essere elencato nel file <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> " +"e configurato correttamente. Voce di configurazione: <literal>Acquire::" +"cdrom::mount</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:98 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95 msgid "" -"<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for " -"installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully " -"qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, libc6 would " -"be the argument provided, not <literal>libc6_1.9.6-2.deb</literal>). All " -"packages required by the package(s) specified for installation will also be " -"retrieved and installed. The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> " -"file is used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the " -"package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be " -"removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate " -"a package to install. These latter features may be used to override " -"decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system." +"Mount point; specify the location to mount the CD-ROM. This mount point must " +"be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>." msgstr "" +"Punto di mount; specifica la posizione in cui montare il CD-ROM. Questo " +"punto di mount deve essere elencato nel file <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> " +"e configurato correttamente. Voce di configurazione: <literal>Acquire::" +"cdrom::mount</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:116 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104 msgid "" -"A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by " -"following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to " -"select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for install. " -"Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following the " -"package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the Archive " -"name (stable, testing, unstable)." +"Rename a disc; change the label of a disc or override the disc's given " +"label. This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a " +"new label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>." msgstr "" +"Rinomina un disco; cambia l'etichetta di un disco o soppianta l'etichetta " +"originale del disco. Questa opzione farà sì che <command>apt-cdrom</command> " +"chieda una nuova etichetta. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::CDROM::" +"Rename</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:123 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113 msgid "" -"Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be " -"used with care." +"No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and " +"unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::" +"NoMount</literal>." msgstr "" +"Non montare; impedisce ad <command>apt-cdrom</command> di montare e smontare " +"il punto di mount. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::CDROM::NoMount</" +"literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:126 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:121 msgid "" -"This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more already-" -"installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your system. " -"Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of all " -"currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest version of " -"only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the package(s) " -"you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and its " -"dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed." +"Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every " +"package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has " +"been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration " +"Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>." msgstr "" +"Copia rapida; assume che i file dei pacchetti siano validi e non verifica " +"ogni pacchetto. Questa opzione dovrebbe essere usata solo se <command>apt-" +"cdrom</command> è stato già eseguito sul disco e non ha rilevato alcun " +"errore. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:137 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:131 msgid "" -"Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative " -"installation policy for individual packages." +"Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian " +"1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much " +"longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up." msgstr "" +"Scansione approfondita dei file Package; questa opzione può essere " +"necessaria con alcuni dischi delle vecchie Debian 1.1/1.2 in cui i file " +"Package si trovano in posti inconsueti. La scansione dei CD richiederà molto " +"più tempo, ma troverà tutti i file." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:141 +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:142 msgid "" -"If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one " -"of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and " -"it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then " -"installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' " -"matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular " -"expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular " -"expression." +"No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index " +"files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: " +"<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>." msgstr "" +"Nessun cambiamento; non cambia il file &sources-list; e non scrive i file " +"indice. Tuttavia ogni cosa è comunque verificata. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:151 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:155 +msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;" +msgstr "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-cdrom.8.xml:160 msgid "" -"<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except " -"that packages are removed instead of installed. Note the removing a package " -"leaves its configuration files in system. If a plus sign is appended to the " -"package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be " -"installed instead of removed." +"<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " +"on error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-cdrom</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento " +"normale e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:159 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-config.8.xml:35 +msgid "APT Configuration Query program" +msgstr "programma di interrogazione della configurazione di APT" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-config.8.xml:41 msgid "" -"<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except " -"that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted " -"too)." +"<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various " +"portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses " +"the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a " +"manner that is easy to use for scripted applications." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-config</command> è un programma interno usato da varie parti " +"della suite APT per fornire una configurabilità coerente. Accede al file " +"principale di configurazione <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in un " +"modo facile da usare da parte di applicazioni che usano script." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:164 +#: apt-config.8.xml:53 msgid "" -"<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source " -"packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source " -"package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory " -"the newest available version of that source package while respecting the " -"default release, set with the option <literal>APT::Default-Release</" -"literal>, the <option>-t</option> option or per package with the " -"<literal>pkg/release</literal> syntax, if possible." +"shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell script. " +"It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and the " +"second the configuration value to query. As output it lists shell assignment " +"commands for each value present. In a shell script it should be used as " +"follows:" msgstr "" +"shell viene usato per accedere alle informazioni di configurazione da parte " +"di uno script di shell. Riceve coppie di argomenti, il primo dei quali è una " +"variabile di shell e il secondo è il valore di configurazione da " +"interrogare. Come risultato elenca il comando shell di assegnazione per " +"ciascun valore presente. In uno script di shell dovrebbe essere usato in " +"modo simile a:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:172 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting> +#: apt-config.8.xml:61 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"Source packages are tracked separately from binary packages via <literal>deb-" -"src</literal> type lines in the &sources-list; file. This means that you " -"will need to add such a line for each repository you want to get sources " -"from. If you don't do this you will properly get another (newer, older or " -"none) source version than the one you have installed or could install." +"OPTS=\"-f\"\n" +"RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n" +"eval $RES\n" msgstr "" +"OPZIONI=\"-f\"\n" +"RES=`apt-config shell OPZIONI MiaApp::opzioni`\n" +"eval $RES\n" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:179 +#: apt-config.8.xml:66 msgid "" -"If the <option>--compile</option> option is specified then the package will " -"be compiled to a binary .deb using <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command> for " -"the architecture as defined by the <command>--host-architecture</command> " -"option. If <option>--download-only</option> is specified then the source " -"package will not be unpacked." +"This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of MyApp::" +"options with a default of <option>-f</option>." msgstr "" +"In questo modo la variabile d'ambiente $OPZIONI della shell verrà impostata " +"al valore di MiaApp::opzioni con un valore predefinito di <option>-f</" +"option>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:186 +#: apt-config.8.xml:70 msgid "" -"A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name " -"with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used " -"for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package " -"name and version, implicitly enabling the <literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</" -"literal> option." +"The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file " +"names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an " +"integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally." msgstr "" +"La voce di configurazione può essere seguita da /[fdbi]. f restituisce nomi " +"di file, d restituisce directory, b restituisce vero o falso e i restituisce " +"un intero. Ogni valore restituito è normalizzato e verificato internamente." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:192 -msgid "" -"Note that source packages are not tracked like binary packages, they exist " -"only in the current directory and are similar to downloading source tar " -"balls." -msgstr "" +#: apt-config.8.xml:79 +msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space." +msgstr "Mostra soltanto i contenuti dello spazio di configurazione." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:198 +#: apt-config.8.xml:92 msgid "" -"<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an " -"attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package. By default " -"the dependencies are satisfied to build the package natively. If desired a " -"host-architecture can be specified with the <option>--host-architecture</" -"option> option instead." +"Include options which have an empty value. This is the default, so use --no-" +"empty to remove them from the output." msgstr "" +"Include le opzioni che hanno un valore vuoto. Questo è il comportamento " +"predefinito, perciò usare --no-empty per rimuoverle dall'output." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> +#: apt-config.8.xml:97 +msgid "%f "%v";%n" +msgstr "%f "%v";%n" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:205 +#: apt-config.8.xml:98 msgid "" -"<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache " -"and checks for broken dependencies." +"Defines the output of each config option. %t will be replaced with " +"its individual name, %f with its full hierarchical name and %v " +"with its value. Use uppercase letters and special characters in the value " +"will be encoded to ensure that it can e.g. be safely used in a quoted-string " +"as defined by RFC822. Additionally %n will be replaced by a newline, " +"and %N by a tab. A % can be printed by using %%." +msgstr "" +"Definisce l'output per ciascuna opzione di configurazione. %t verrà " +"sostituito dal suo nome, %f dal suo nome gerarchico completo e " +"%v dal suo valore. Usa le lettere maiuscole e i caratteri speciali " +"nel valore verranno codificati per assicurare che possano essere usati senza " +"problemi in una stringa tra virgolette, come definito nella RFC822. In " +"aggiunta %n verrà sostituito da un ritorno a capo e %N da una " +"tabulazione. Un carattere % può essere prodotto usando %" +"%. " + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-config.8.xml:112 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:73 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:66 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:610 +msgid "&apt-conf;" +msgstr "&apt-conf;" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-config.8.xml:117 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " +"on error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-config</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento " +"normale e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:210 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo><author><contrib> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:22 +msgid "Initial documentation of Debug::*." +msgstr "Documentazione iniziale di Debug::*." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo><author><email> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:23 +msgid "dburrows@debian.org" +msgstr "dburrows@debian.org" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:33 apt_preferences.5.xml:27 sources.list.5.xml:28 +msgid "5" +msgstr "5" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:40 +msgid "Configuration file for APT" +msgstr "file di configurazione di APT" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:44 msgid "" -"<literal>download</literal> will download the given binary package into the " -"current directory." +"<filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file shared " +"by all the tools in the APT suite of tools, though it is by no means the " +"only place options can be set. The suite also shares a common command line " +"parser to provide a uniform environment." msgstr "" +"<filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> è il file di configurazione " +"principale condiviso da tutti gli strumenti nella suite APT, anche se non è " +"affatto l'unico posto in cui possono essere impostate opzioni. La suite " +"condivide anche un analizzatore comune della riga di comando per fornire un " +"ambiente uniforme." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:216 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:50 msgid "" -"<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved " -"package files. It removes everything but the lock file from " -"<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and <filename>&cachedir;/archives/" -"partial/</filename>. When APT is used as a &dselect; method, <literal>clean</" -"literal> is run automatically. Those who do not use dselect will likely " -"want to run <literal>apt-get clean</literal> from time to time to free up " -"disk space." +"When an APT tool starts up it will read the configuration files in the " +"following order:" msgstr "" +"Quando uno strumento APT viene avviato, legge i file di configurazione nel " +"seguente ordine:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:226 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:52 msgid "" -"Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the " -"local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only " -"removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely " -"useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it " -"growing out of control. The configuration option <literal>APT::Clean-" -"Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from being erased if it " -"is set to off." +"the file specified by the <envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if " +"any)" msgstr "" +"il file specificato dalla variabile d'ambiente <envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> (se " +"presente)" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:236 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:54 msgid "" -"<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were " -"automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are " -"now no longer needed." +"all files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> in alphanumeric ascending " +"order which have either no or \"<literal>conf</literal>\" as filename " +"extension and which only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), underscore (_) " +"and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has " +"ignored a file, unless that file matches a pattern in the <literal>Dir::" +"Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in which case it will " +"be silently ignored." +msgstr "" +"tutti i file in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal>, in ordine alfanumerico " +"crescente, se il loro nome file non ha estensione o ha «<literal>conf</" +"literal>» come estensione, e contiene solamente caratteri alfanumerici, " +"trattini (-), caratteri di sottolineatura (_) e punti (.). Altrimenti, APT " +"visualizza un messaggio che informa che un file è stato ignorato, a meno che " +"il file non corrisponda ad un modello nell'elenco di configurazione " +"<literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> nel qual caso verrà ignorato " +"silenziosamente." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:61 +msgid "" +"the main configuration file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal>" msgstr "" +"il file di configurazione principale specificato da <literal>Dir::Etc::main</" +"literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:241 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:63 msgid "" -"<literal>changelog</literal> downloads a package changelog and displays it " -"through <command>sensible-pager</command>. The server name and base " -"directory is defined in the <literal>APT::Changelogs::Server</literal> " -"variable (e. g. <ulink url=\"http://packages.debian.org/changelogs" -"\">packages.debian.org/changelogs</ulink> for Debian or <ulink url=\"http://" -"changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs\">changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs</ulink> " -"for Ubuntu). By default it displays the changelog for the version that is " -"installed. However, you can specify the same options as for the " -"<option>install</option> command." +"the command line options are applied to override the configuration " +"directives or to load even more configuration files." msgstr "" +"le opzioni nella riga di comando sono applicate per scavalcare le direttive " +"di configurazione o per caricare ulteriori file di configurazione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:264 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:67 +msgid "Syntax" +msgstr "Sintassi" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:68 msgid "" -"Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>." +"The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into " +"functional groups. Option specification is given with a double colon " +"notation; for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option " +"within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. Options do not inherit from " +"their parent groups." msgstr "" +"Il file di configurazione ha un'organizzazione ad albero con le opzioni " +"riunite in gruppi funzionali. Un'opzione viene specificata con una notazione " +"a due punti (:); per esempio <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> è " +"un'opzione per lo strumento Get all'interno del gruppo dello strumento APT. " +"Le opzioni non ereditano dai gruppi genitori." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:269 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:74 msgid "" -"Consider suggested packages as a dependency for installing. Configuration " -"Item: <literal>APT::Install-Suggests</literal>." +"Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools " +"such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are " +"treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between <literal>/*</" +"literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. Each line is " +"of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal>. The " +"quotation marks and trailing semicolon are required. The value must be on " +"one line, and there is no kind of string concatenation. Values must not " +"include backslashes or extra quotation marks. Option names are made up of " +"alphanumeric characters and the characters \"/-:._+\". A new scope can be " +"opened with curly braces, like this:" +msgstr "" +"Sintatticamente il linguaggio di configurazione è basato sul modello di " +"quello usato dagli strumenti ISC come bind e dhcp. Le righe che iniziano con " +"<literal>//</literal> vengono trattate come commenti (ignorate), così come " +"tutto il testo racchiuso tra <literal>/*</literal> e <literal>*/</literal>, " +"proprio come i commenti C/C++. Ogni riga ha la forma <literal>APT::Get::" +"Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal>. Le virgolette e il punto e virgola finale " +"sono obbligatori. I valori non possono includere barre inverse (\\) o " +"ulteriori virgolette. I nomi delle opzioni sono costituiti da caratteri " +"alfanumerici e dai caratteri «/-:._+». Un nuovo ambito può essere aperto con " +"parentesi graffe come in:" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:87 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"APT {\n" +" Get {\n" +" Assume-Yes \"true\";\n" +" Fix-Broken \"true\";\n" +" };\n" +"};\n" msgstr "" +"APT {\n" +" Get {\n" +" Assume-Yes \"true\";\n" +" Fix-Broken \"true\";\n" +" };\n" +"};\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:274 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:95 msgid "" -"Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>." +"with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by " +"opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by " +"a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, separated by a semicolon." msgstr "" +"con le nuove righe posizionate in modo da renderle più leggibili. Si possono " +"creare elenchi aprendo un ambito e includendo una singola stringa racchiusa " +"tra virgolette e seguita da un punto e virgola. Possono essere incluse più " +"voci, separate da un punto e virgola." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:279 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:100 +#, no-wrap +msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n" +msgstr "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:103 msgid "" -"Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This " -"option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT " -"to deduce a likely solution. If packages are specified, these have to " -"completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when " -"running APT for the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package " -"dependencies to exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency " -"structure can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually " -"means using &dselect; or <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some " -"of the offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</" -"option> may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>." +"In general the sample configuration file &configureindex; is a good guide " +"for how it should look." msgstr "" +"In generale i file di configurazione d'esempio &configureindex; sono una " +"buona guida su come debba essere un file di configurazione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:294 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:106 msgid "" -"Ignore missing packages; If packages cannot be retrieved or fail the " -"integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those " -"packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with <option>-f</" -"option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is selected " -"for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command line) and " -"it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>." +"Case is not significant in names of configuration items, so in the previous " +"example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>." msgstr "" +"I nomi delle voci di configurazione sono insensibili all'uso di maiuscole e " +"minuscole, perciò nell'esempio precedente si sarebbe potuto usare " +"<literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:305 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:109 msgid "" -"Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with <option>--ignore-" -"missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has already " -"downloaded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>." +"Names for the configuration items are optional if a list is defined as can " +"be seen in the <literal>DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal> example above. If " +"you don't specify a name a new entry will simply add a new option to the " +"list. If you specify a name you can override the option in the same way as " +"any other option by reassigning a new value to the option." msgstr "" +"I nomi delle voci di configurazione sono opzionali se viene definito un " +"elenco come si può vedere nell'esempio <literal>DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs</" +"literal> precedente. Se non si specifica un nome, una nuova voce aggiunge " +"semplicemente una nuova opzione all'elenco. Se si specifica un nome, si può " +"sovrascrivere l'opzione come per ogni altra, assegnandole un nuovo valore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:312 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:114 msgid "" -"Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " -"More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " -"<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " -"file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>, you should never " -"use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT " -"may decided to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>quiet</literal>." +"Two special commands are defined: <literal>#include</literal> (which is " +"deprecated and not supported by alternative implementations) and " +"<literal>#clear</literal>. <literal>#include</literal> will include the " +"given file, unless the filename ends in a slash, in which case the whole " +"directory is included. <literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of " +"the configuration tree. The specified element and all its descendants are " +"erased. (Note that these lines also need to end with a semicolon.)" +msgstr "" +"Sono definiti due comandi speciali: <literal>#include</literal> (che è " +"deprecato e non supportato da implementazioni alternative) e " +"<literal>#clear</literal>. <literal>#include</literal> include il file " +"indicato a meno che il suo nome non termini con un carattere «/», nel qual " +"caso viene inclusa l'intera directory. <literal>#clear</literal> viene usato " +"per eliminare una parte dell'albero di configurazione. L'elemento " +"specificato e tutti i suoi discendenti vengono eliminati. (Notare che anche " +"queste righe devono terminare con un punto e virgola.)" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:124 +msgid "" +"The <literal>#clear</literal> command is the only way to delete a list or a " +"complete scope. Reopening a scope (or using the syntax described below with " +"an appended <literal>::</literal>) will <emphasis>not</emphasis> override " +"previously written entries. Options can only be overridden by addressing a " +"new value to them - lists and scopes can't be overridden, only cleared." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>#clear</literal> è l'unico modo di cancellare un elenco " +"o un intero ambito. Riaprire un ambito (o usare la sintassi descritta più " +"sotto aggiungendo alla fine <literal>::</literal>) <emphasis>non</emphasis> " +"sovrascrive le voci precedentemente scritte. Le opzioni possono essere " +"sovrascritte solamente assegnandovi un nuovo valore; gli elenchi e gli " +"ambiti non possono essere sovrascritti, solo cancellati." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:327 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:132 msgid "" -"No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not " -"actually change the system. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" -"Simulate</literal>." +"All of the APT tools take an -o option which allows an arbitrary " +"configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a " +"full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) " +"followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. To append a new " +"element to a list, add a trailing <literal>::</literal> to the name of the " +"list. (As you might suspect, the scope syntax can't be used on the command " +"line.)" +msgstr "" +"Tutti gli strumenti APT accettano un'opzione -o che permette di specificare " +"una direttiva di configurazione arbitraria nella riga di comando. La " +"sintassi è un nome completo di opzione (per esempio <literal>APT::Get::" +"Assume-Yes</literal>) seguito da un segno di uguaglianza e quindi il nuovo " +"valore dell'opzione. Per aggiungere un nuovo elemento ad un elenco, " +"aggiungere <literal>::</literal> alla fine del nome dell'elenco. (Come si " +"può immaginare, la sintassi per gli ambiti non può essere usata nella riga " +"di comando.)" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:140 +msgid "" +"Note that appending items to a list using <literal>::</literal> only works " +"for one item per line, and that you should not use it in combination with " +"the scope syntax (which adds <literal>::</literal> implicitly). Using both " +"syntaxes together will trigger a bug which some users unfortunately depend " +"on: an option with the unusual name \"<literal>::</literal>\" which acts " +"like every other option with a name. This introduces many problems; for one " +"thing, users who write multiple lines in this <emphasis>wrong</emphasis> " +"syntax in the hope of appending to a list will achieve the opposite, as only " +"the last assignment for this option \"<literal>::</literal>\" will be used. " +"Future versions of APT will raise errors and stop working if they encounter " +"this misuse, so please correct such statements now while APT doesn't " +"explicitly complain about them." +msgstr "" +"Notare che aggiungere voci in coda ad un elenco usando <literal>::</literal> " +"funziona solamente con un elemento per riga, e che non si dovrebbe usarlo " +"insieme alla sintassi per gli ambiti (che aggiunge implicitamente <literal>::" +"</literal>). L'uso di entrambe le sintassi insieme fa apparire un bug che " +"sfortunatamente alcuni utenti utilizzano: un'opzione con l'insolito nome " +"«<literal>::</literal>» che funziona come una qualsiasi altra opzione con " +"nome. Ciò introduce molti problemi; innanzitutto gli utenti che scrivono più " +"righe con questa sintassi <emphasis>sbagliata</emphasis> nella speranza di " +"aggiungere voci ad un elenco ottengono il risultato opposto, dato che viene " +"usata solo l'ultima assegnazione per questa opzione «<literal>::</literal>». " +"Le versioni future di APT causeranno errori e smetteranno di funzionare se " +"incontrano questo uso scorretto, perciò è bene correggere tali dichiarazioni " +"ora, quando APT ancora non si lamenta esplicitamente." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:155 +msgid "The APT Group" +msgstr "Il gruppo APT" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:156 +msgid "" +"This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the " +"options for all of the tools." msgstr "" +"Questo gruppo di opzioni controlla il comportamento generale di APT, oltre a " +"contenere le opzioni per tutti gli strumenti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:331 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:161 msgid "" -"Simulation run as user will deactivate locking (<literal>Debug::NoLocking</" -"literal>) automatic. Also a notice will be displayed indicating that this " -"is only a simulation, if the option <literal>APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-" -"Note</literal> is set (Default: true). Neither NoLocking nor the notice " -"will be triggered if run as root (root should know what he is doing without " -"further warnings by <literal>apt-get</literal>)." +"System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and " +"parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was " +"compiled for." msgstr "" +"Architettura di sistema; imposta l'architettura da usare quando si " +"recuperano i file e si analizzano gli elenchi dei pacchetti. Il valore " +"predefinito interno è l'architettura per la quale apt è stato compilato." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:337 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:168 msgid "" -"Simulate prints out a series of lines each one representing a dpkg " -"operation, Configure (Conf), Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets " -"indicate broken packages and empty set of square brackets meaning breaks " -"that are of no consequence (rare)." +"All Architectures the system supports. For instance, CPUs implementing the " +"<literal>amd64</literal> (also called <literal>x86-64</literal>) " +"instruction set are also able to execute binaries compiled for the " +"<literal>i386</literal> (<literal>x86</literal>) instruction set. This list " +"is used when fetching files and parsing package lists. The initial default " +"is always the system's native architecture (<literal>APT::Architecture</" +"literal>), and foreign architectures are added to the default list when they " +"are registered via <command>dpkg --add-architecture</command>." msgstr "" +"Tutte le architetture supportate dal sistema. Ad esempio, le CPU che " +"implementano l'insieme di istruzioni <literal>amd64</literal> (chiamato " +"anche <literal>x86-64</literal>) sono anche in grado di eseguire binari " +"compilati per l'insieme di istruzioni <literal>i386</literal> (<literal>x86</" +"literal>). Questo elenco viene usato quando si recuperano i file e si " +"analizzano gli elenchi dei pacchetti. Il valore iniziale predefinito è " +"sempre l'architettura nativa del sistema (<literal>APT::Architecture</" +"literal>), e le altre architetture vengono aggiunte all'elenco predefinito " +"quando sono registrate con <command>dpkg --add-architecture</command>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:346 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:181 msgid "" -"Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run " -"non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held " -"package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an " -"essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>." +"Default release to install packages from if more than one version is " +"available. Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: " +"'stable', 'testing', 'unstable', '&stable-codename;', '&testing-codename;', " +"'4.0', '5.0*'. See also &apt-preferences;." msgstr "" +"Il rilascio predefinito da cui installare i pacchetti se è disponibile più " +"di una versione. Contiene il nome del rilascio, il nome in codice o la " +"versione del rilascio. Esempi: «stable», «testing», «unstable», «&stable-" +"codename;», «&testing-codename;», «4.0», «5.0*». Vedere anche &apt-" +"preferences;." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:354 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:187 msgid "" -"Automatic \"no\" to all prompts. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" -"Assume-No</literal>." +"Ignore held packages; this global option causes the problem resolver to " +"ignore held packages in its decision making." msgstr "" +"Ignora i pacchetti bloccati; questa opzione globale fa sì che il risolutore " +"di problemi ignori i pacchetti bloccati nel suo processo decisionale." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:359 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:192 msgid "" -"Show upgraded packages; Print out a list of all packages that are to be " -"upgraded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>." +"Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any " +"packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off " +"then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - " +"but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them." msgstr "" +"Attiva in modo predefinito. Quando attiva, la funzionalità autoclean rimuove " +"dalla cache ogni pacchetto che non può più essere scaricato. Se disattivata, " +"allora sono esclusi dalla rimozione anche i pacchetti che sono installati; " +"fare attenzione però al fatto che APT non fornisce alcun mezzo diretto per " +"reinstallarli." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:200 +msgid "" +"Defaults to on, which will cause APT to install essential and important " +"packages as soon as possible in an install/upgrade operation, in order to " +"limit the effect of a failing &dpkg; call. If this option is disabled, APT " +"treats an important package in the same way as an extra package: between the " +"unpacking of the package A and its configuration there can be many other " +"unpack or configuration calls for other unrelated packages B, C etc. If " +"these cause the &dpkg; call to fail (e.g. because package B's maintainer " +"scripts generate an error), this results in a system state in which package " +"A is unpacked but unconfigured - so any package depending on A is now no " +"longer guaranteed to work, as its dependency on A is no longer satisfied." +msgstr "" +"Attiva in modo predefinito, il che fa sì che APT installi i pacchetti " +"essenziali e importanti non appena è possibile durante un'installazione o " +"aggiornamento, per limitare l'effetto di una chiamata a &dpkg; che non ha " +"successo. Se questa opzione è disattivata, APT tratta un pacchetto " +"importante nello stesso modo di un pacchetto extra: tra lo spacchettamento " +"del pacchetto A e la sua configurazione possono esserci molte altre chiamate " +"di spacchettamento o configurazione per altri pacchetti non correlati B, C, " +"ecc. Se queste causano il fallimento della chiamata a &dpkg; (ad esempio " +"perché lo script del manutentore di B genera un errore), ciò ha come " +"risultato un sistema in cui il pacchetto A è spacchettato ma non " +"configurato; perciò non è più garantito il funzionamento di ogni pacchetto " +"che dipende da A, dato che la dipendenza da A non è più soddisfatta." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:212 +msgid "" +"The immediate configuration marker is also applied in the potentially " +"problematic case of circular dependencies, since a dependency with the " +"immediate flag is equivalent to a Pre-Dependency. In theory this allows APT " +"to recognise a situation in which it is unable to perform immediate " +"configuration, abort, and suggest to the user that the option should be " +"temporarily deactivated in order to allow the operation to proceed. Note " +"the use of the word \"theory\" here; in the real world this problem has " +"rarely been encountered, in non-stable distribution versions, and was caused " +"by wrong dependencies of the package in question or by a system in an " +"already broken state; so you should not blindly disable this option, as the " +"scenario mentioned above is not the only problem it can help to prevent in " +"the first place." +msgstr "" +"Il contrassegno di configurazione immediata viene applicato anche nel caso " +"potenzialmente problematico di dipendenze circolari, dato che una dipendenza " +"con il contrassegno di immediato è equivalente ad una pre-dipendenza. In " +"teoria ciò permette ad APT di riconoscere una situazione in cui non è in " +"grado di effettuare la configurazione immediata, di terminare annullando e " +"di suggerire all'utente che l'opzione dovrebbe essere temporaneamente " +"disattivata per permettere la continuazione dell'operazione. Notare come sia " +"stata usata l'espressione «in teoria»: in realtà questo problema si è " +"verificato molto di rado, in versioni non stabili di distribuzione, ed è " +"stato causato da dipendenze sbagliate del pacchetto interessato o da un " +"sistema che era già in uno stato erroneo; perciò non si dovrebbe disattivare " +"alla cieca questa opzione, dato che lo scenario descritto sopra non è " +"l'unico problema che può aiutare a prevenire." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:225 +msgid "" +"Before a big operation like <literal>dist-upgrade</literal> is run with this " +"option disabled you should try to explicitly <literal>install</literal> the " +"package APT is unable to configure immediately; but please make sure you " +"also report your problem to your distribution and to the APT team with the " +"buglink below, so they can work on improving or correcting the upgrade " +"process." +msgstr "" +"Prima di eseguire una grossa operazione come <literal>dist-upgrade</literal> " +"con questa opzione disattivata, si dovrebbe provare a usare esplicitamente " +"<literal>install</literal> sul pacchetto che APT non è stato in grado di " +"configurare immediatamente; assicurarsi però di segnalare il problema alla " +"propria distribuzione e al Team di APT usando il collegamento per i bug " +"indicato in seguito, in modo che possano lavorare a migliorare o correggere " +"il processo di aggiornamento." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:236 +msgid "" +"Never enable this option unless you <emphasis>really</emphasis> know what " +"you are doing. It permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to " +"break a Conflicts/Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depends loop between two " +"essential packages. <emphasis>Such a loop should never exist and is a grave " +"bug</emphasis>. This option will work if the essential packages are not " +"<command>tar</command>, <command>gzip</command>, <command>libc</command>, " +"<command>dpkg</command>, <command>dash</command> or anything that those " +"packages depend on." +msgstr "" +"Non attivare mai questa opzione a meno di non sapere <emphasis>veramente</" +"emphasis> ciò che si sta facendo. Permette ad APT di rimuovere " +"temporaneamente un pacchetto essenziale per rompere un ciclo Conflicts/" +"Conflicts o Conflicts/Pre-Depends tra due pacchetti essenziali. <emphasis>Un " +"tale ciclo non dovrebbe mai esistere ed è un bug grave</emphasis>. Questa " +"opzione funziona se i pacchetti essenziali non sono <command>tar</command>, " +"<command>gzip</command>, <command>libc</command>, <command>dpkg</command>, " +"<command>dash</command> o qualsiasi altro da cui dipendono tali pacchetti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:365 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:248 msgid "" -"Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>." +"APT uses since version 0.7.26 a resizable memory mapped cache file to store " +"the available information. <literal>Cache-Start</literal> acts as a hint of " +"the size the cache will grow to, and is therefore the amount of memory APT " +"will request at startup. The default value is 20971520 bytes (~20 MB). Note " +"that this amount of space needs to be available for APT; otherwise it will " +"likely fail ungracefully, so for memory restricted devices this value should " +"be lowered while on systems with a lot of configured sources it should be " +"increased. <literal>Cache-Grow</literal> defines in bytes with the default " +"of 1048576 (~1 MB) how much the cache size will be increased in the event " +"the space defined by <literal>Cache-Start</literal> is not enough. This " +"value will be applied again and again until either the cache is big enough " +"to store all information or the size of the cache reaches the <literal>Cache-" +"Limit</literal>. The default of <literal>Cache-Limit</literal> is 0 which " +"stands for no limit. If <literal>Cache-Grow</literal> is set to 0 the " +"automatic growth of the cache is disabled." +msgstr "" +"APT, a partire dalla versione 0.7.26, usa un file cache ridimensionabile " +"mappato in memoria per memorizzare le informazioni disponibili. " +"<literal>Cache-Start</literal> funziona da indicatore della dimensione che " +"la cache raggiungerà ed è perciò la quantità di memoria che APT richiederà " +"all'avvio. Il valore predefinito è 20971520 byte (~20 MB). Notare che questa " +"quantità di spazio deve essere disponibile per APT, altrimenti probabilmente " +"terminerà con un fallimento in modo molto poco grazioso; perciò per i " +"dispositivi con memoria limitata questo valore dovrebbe essere abbassato, " +"mentre nei sistemi con molte fonti configurate dovrebbe essere aumentato. " +"<literal>Cache-Grow</literal> definisce di quanto verrà aumentata la " +"dimensione della cache in byte, se lo spazio definito da <literal>Cache-" +"Start</literal> non è sufficiente; il valore predefinito è 1048576 (~1 MB). " +"Questo valore verrà applicato più volte, fino a che la cache non è grande " +"abbastanza per memorizzare tutte le informazioni o la dimensione della cache " +"raggiunge il valore <literal>Cache-Limit</literal>. Il valore predefinito di " +"<literal>Cache-Limit</literal> è 0 che indica nessun limite. Se " +"<literal>Cache-Grow</literal> viene impostato a 0 la crescita automatica " +"della cache è disabilitata." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:264 +msgid "Defines which packages are considered essential build dependencies." +msgstr "" +"Definisce quali pacchetti sono considerati dipendenze di compilazione " +"essenziali." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:268 +msgid "" +"The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool; please see its documentation " +"for more information about the options here." msgstr "" +"La sottosezione Get controlla lo strumento &apt-get;; vedere la sua " +"documentazione per maggiori informazioni su queste opzioni." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:371 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:273 msgid "" -"This option controls the architecture packages are built for by <command>apt-" -"get source --compile</command> and how cross-builddependencies are " -"satisfied. By default is it not set which means that the host architecture " -"is the same as the build architecture (which is defined by <literal>APT::" -"Architecture</literal>). Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Host-" -"Architecture</literal>" +"The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool; please see its " +"documentation for more information about the options here." msgstr "" +"La sottosezione Cache controlla lo strumento &apt-cache;; vedere la sua " +"documentazione per maggiori informazioni su queste opzioni." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:381 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:278 msgid "" -"Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>." +"The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool; please see its " +"documentation for more information about the options here." msgstr "" +"La sottosezione CDROM controlla lo strumento &apt-cdrom;; vedere la sua " +"documentazione per maggiori informazioni su queste opzioni." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:284 +msgid "The Acquire Group" +msgstr "Il gruppo Acquire" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:285 +msgid "" +"The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of " +"packages as well as the various \"acquire methods\" responsible for the " +"download itself (see also &sources-list;)." +msgstr "" +"Il gruppo di opzioni <literal>Acquire</literal> controlla lo scaricamento " +"dei pacchetti così come i vari «metodi di acquisizione» responsabili per lo " +"scaricamento stesso (vedere anche &sources-list;)." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:292 +msgid "" +"Security related option defaulting to true, as giving a Release file's " +"validation an expiration date prevents replay attacks over a long timescale, " +"and can also for example help users to identify mirrors that are no longer " +"updated - but the feature depends on the correctness of the clock on the " +"user system. Archive maintainers are encouraged to create Release files with " +"the <literal>Valid-Until</literal> header, but if they don't or a stricter " +"value is desired the <literal>Max-ValidTime</literal> option below can be " +"used." +msgstr "" +"Opzione relativa alla sicurezza attiva in modo predefinito, poiché dare una " +"data di scadenza alla convalida di un file Release evita attacchi ripetuti " +"nel corso del tempo e può anche, per esempio, aiutare gli utenti a " +"identificare i mirror che non sono più aggiornati, ma la funzionalità " +"dipende dall'esattezza dell'orologio sul sistema dell'utente. I manutentori " +"degli archivi sono incoraggiati a creare file Release con l'intestazione " +"<literal>Valid-Until</literal>, ma se non lo fanno o se si desidera un " +"valore più restrittivo può essere utilizzata l'opzione <literal>Max-" +"ValidTime</literal> seguente." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:305 +msgid "" +"Maximum time (in seconds) after its creation (as indicated by the " +"<literal>Date</literal> header) that the <filename>Release</filename> file " +"should be considered valid. If the Release file itself includes a " +"<literal>Valid-Until</literal> header the earlier date of the two is used as " +"the expiration date. The default value is <literal>0</literal> which stands " +"for \"valid forever\". Archive specific settings can be made by appending " +"the label of the archive to the option name." +msgstr "" +"Tempo massimo (in secondi) dalla sua creazione (come indicata " +"dall'intestazione <literal>Date</literal>) per il quale il file " +"<filename>Release</filename> deve essere considerato valido. Se il file " +"Release stesso include un'intestazione <literal>Valid-Until</literal>, viene " +"usata come data di scadenza quella più corta. Il valore predefinito è " +"<literal>0</literal> che sta per «valido per sempre». Possono essere fatte " +"impostazioni specifiche per ciascun archivio aggiungendo l'etichetta " +"dell'archivio in fondo al nome dell'opzione." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:317 +msgid "" +"Minimum time (in seconds) after its creation (as indicated by the " +"<literal>Date</literal> header) that the <filename>Release</filename> file " +"should be considered valid. Use this if you need to use a seldom updated " +"(local) mirror of a more frequently updated archive with a <literal>Valid-" +"Until</literal> header instead of completely disabling the expiration date " +"checking. Archive specific settings can and should be used by appending the " +"label of the archive to the option name." +msgstr "" +"Tempo minimo (in secondi) dalla sua creazione (come indicata " +"dall'intestazione <literal>Date</literal>) per il quale il file " +"<filename>Release</filename> deve essere considerato valido. Utilizzare " +"questa opzione se si deve usare un mirror (locale), aggiornato raramente, di " +"un archivio aggiornato più spesso che ha un'intestazione <literal>Valid-" +"Until</literal>, invece di disabilitare completamente il controllo della " +"data di scadenza. Possono essere fatte impostazioni specifiche per ciascun " +"archivio aggiungendo l'etichetta dell'archivio in fondo al nome dell'opzione." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:329 +msgid "" +"Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for indexes (like " +"<filename>Packages</filename> files) instead of downloading whole ones. True " +"by default." +msgstr "" +"Cerca di scaricare le differenze chiamate <literal>PDiff</literal> per gli " +"indici (come i file <filename>Packages</filename>), invece di scaricare " +"interamente i nuovi. Attiva in modo predefinito." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:386 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:332 msgid "" -"Ignore package Holds; This causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a " -"hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with " -"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired " -"holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>." +"Two sub-options to limit the use of PDiffs are also available: " +"<literal>FileLimit</literal> can be used to specify a maximum number of " +"PDiff files should be downloaded to update a file. <literal>SizeLimit</" +"literal> on the other hand is the maximum percentage of the size of all " +"patches compared to the size of the targeted file. If one of these limits is " +"exceeded the complete file is downloaded instead of the patches." msgstr "" +"Sono disponibili anche due sotto-opzioni per limitare l'uso dei PDiff: " +"<literal>FileLimit</literal> può essere usata per specificare un numero " +"massimo di file PDiff che devono essere scaricati per aggiornare un file. " +"<literal>SizeLimit</literal>, invece, è la percentuale massima della " +"dimensione di tutte le patch in rapporto alla dimensione del file finale " +"considerato. Se uno di questi limiti viene superato, viene scaricato il file " +"completo invece delle patch." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:393 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:342 msgid "" -"Do not upgrade packages; When used in conjunction with <literal>install</" -"literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent packages on the command " -"line from being upgraded if they are already installed. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>." +"Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of <literal>host</" +"literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how APT parallelizes " +"outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that one connection per " +"target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> means that one " +"connection per URI type will be opened." msgstr "" +"Modalità di coda; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> può essere <literal>host</" +"literal> o <literal>access</literal>, che determinano come APT mette in " +"parallelo le connessioni in uscita. <literal>host</literal> significa che " +"viene aperta una connessione per ogni host bersaglio, <literal>access</" +"literal> significa che viene aperta una connessione per ogni tipo di URI." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:400 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:350 msgid "" -"Do not install new packages; When used in conjunction with <literal>install</" -"literal>, <literal>only-upgrade</literal> will install upgrades for already " -"installed packages only and ignore requests to install new packages. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Only-Upgrade</literal>." +"Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed " +"files the given number of times." msgstr "" +"Numero di tentativi successivi da effettuare. Se è diverso da zero, APT " +"riproverà per il numero di volte specificato a scaricare i file con cui non " +"ha avuto successo." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:408 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:355 msgid "" -"Force yes; This is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue " -"without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should " -"not be used except in very special situations. Using <literal>force-yes</" -"literal> can potentially destroy your system! Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>." +"Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will " +"be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default." msgstr "" +"Usa i collegamenti simbolici per gli archivi sorgente. Se impostata a vero, " +"allora per gli archivi sorgente verranno creati, quando possibile, dei " +"collegamenti simbolici invece di fare una copia. Il valore predefinito è " +"vero." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:416 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:360 msgid "" -"Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI " -"will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected md5 " -"hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file " -"name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> " -"and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the <literal>update</" -"literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it is up to the user " -"to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" -"Print-URIs</literal>." +"<literal>http::Proxy</literal> sets the default proxy to use for HTTP URIs. " +"It is in the standard form of <literal>http://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</" +"literal>. Per host proxies can also be specified by using the form " +"<literal>http::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword " +"<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above " +"settings is specified, <envar>http_proxy</envar> environment variable will " +"be used." msgstr "" +"<literal>http::Proxy</literal> imposta il proxy predefinito da usare per gli " +"URI HTTP. È nella forma standard <literal>http://[[utente][:password]@]host[:" +"porta]/</literal>. Possono anche essere specificati proxy per ciascun host " +"usando la forma <literal>http::Proxy::<host></literal> con la speciale " +"parola chiave <literal>DIRECT</literal> che significa di non usare un proxy. " +"Se non viene specificata alcuna delle impostazioni precedenti, viene usata " +"la variabile d'ambiente <envar>http_proxy</envar>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:427 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:368 msgid "" -"Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk " -"(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be purged. " -"<option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent to the <option>purge</option> " -"command. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>." +"Three settings are provided for cache control with HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy " +"caches. <literal>No-Cache</literal> tells the proxy not to use its cached " +"response under any circumstances. <literal>Max-Age</literal> sets the " +"allowed maximum age (in seconds) of an index file in the cache of the " +"proxy. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifies that the proxy should not " +"store the requested archive files in its cache, which can be used to prevent " +"the proxy from polluting its cache with (big) .deb files." msgstr "" +"Sono fornite tre impostazioni per il controllo della cache in proxy con " +"cache conformi a HTTP/1.1. <literal>No-Cache</literal> indica al proxy di " +"non usare la sua risposta in cache in nessuna circostanza. <literal>Max-Age</" +"literal> imposta l'età massima consentita (in secondi) di un file indice " +"nella cache del proxy. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifica che il proxy " +"non deve memorizzare i file archivio richiesti nella sua cache, il che può " +"essere usato per evitare che il proxy riempia la propria cache con (grandi) " +"file .deb." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:435 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:378 apt.conf.5.xml:466 msgid "" -"Re-Install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. " -"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>." +"The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the " +"method; this value applies to the connection as well as the data timeout." msgstr "" +"L'opzione <literal>timeout</literal> imposta il tempo di timeout usato dal " +"metodo; questo valore si applica sia al timeout per la connessione sia a " +"quello per i dati." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:440 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:381 msgid "" -"This option defaults to on, use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to turn " -"it off. When on <command>apt-get</command> will automatically manage the " -"contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that obsolete " -"files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you frequently " -"change your source list. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::List-" -"Cleanup</literal>." +"The setting <literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be used to " +"enable HTTP pipelining (RFC 2616 section 8.1.2.2) which can be beneficial e." +"g. on high-latency connections. It specifies how many requests are sent in a " +"pipeline. Previous APT versions had a default of 10 for this setting, but " +"the default value is now 0 (= disabled) to avoid problems with the ever-" +"growing amount of webservers and proxies which choose to not conform to the " +"HTTP/1.1 specification." msgstr "" +"L'impostazione <literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> può essere " +"usata per abilitare le pipeline HTTP (RFC 2616, sezione 8.1.2.2) che possono " +"essere utili, ad esempio, in connessioni con grande latenza. Specifica " +"quante richieste sono inviate in una pipeline. Le versioni precedenti di APT " +"avevano un valore predefinito di 10 per questa impostazione, ma il valore " +"predefinito è ora 0 (= disabilitata) per evitare problemi con il numero " +"sempre crescente di server web e proxy che scelgono di non essere conformi " +"con la specifica HTTP/1.1." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:451 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:388 msgid "" -"This option controls the default input to the policy engine, it creates a " -"default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This " -"overrides the general settings in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</" -"filename>. Specifically pinned packages are not affected by the value of " -"this option. In short, this option lets you have simple control over which " -"distribution packages will be retrieved from. Some common examples might be " -"<option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</" -"option>. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see " -"also the &apt-preferences; manual page." +"<literal>Acquire::http::AllowRedirect</literal> controls whether APT will " +"follow redirects, which is enabled by default." msgstr "" +"<literal>Acquire::http::AllowRedirect</literal> specifica se APT segue o " +"meno le ridirezioni che sono abilitate in modo predefinito." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:466 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:391 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The used bandwidth can be limited with <literal>Acquire::http::Dl-Limit</" +#| "literal> which accepts integer values in kilobytes. The default value is " +#| "0 which deactivates the limit and tries to use all available bandwidth " +#| "(note that this option implicitly disables downloading from multiple " +#| "servers at the same time.)" msgid "" -"Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered " -"related to <option>--assume-yes</option>, where <option>--assume-yes</" -"option> will answer yes to any prompt, <option>--trivial-only</option> will " -"answer no. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>." +"The used bandwidth can be limited with <literal>Acquire::http::Dl-Limit</" +"literal> which accepts integer values in kilobytes per second. The default " +"value is 0 which deactivates the limit and tries to use all available " +"bandwidth. Note that this option implicitly disables downloading from " +"multiple servers at the same time." msgstr "" +"La quantità di banda utilizzata può essere limitata con <literal>Acquire::" +"http::Dl-Limit</literal> che accetta valori interi in kilobyte. Il valore " +"predefinito è 0 che disattiva il limite e cerca di usare tutta la banda " +"disponibile (notare che questa opzione implicitamente disabilita lo " +"scaricamento da più server contemporaneamente)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:473 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:398 msgid "" -"If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without " -"prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>." +"<literal>Acquire::http::User-Agent</literal> can be used to set a different " +"User-Agent for the http download method as some proxies allow access for " +"clients only if the client uses a known identifier." msgstr "" +"<literal>Acquire::http::User-Agent</literal> può essere usata per impostare " +"un User-Agent diverso per il metodo di scaricamento http, dato che alcuni " +"proxy permettono l'accesso per i client solo se usano un identificativo " +"conosciuto." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:479 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:402 msgid "" -"If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or <literal>remove</" -"literal>, then this option acts like running <literal>autoremove</literal> " -"command, removing the unused dependency packages. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>." +"<literal>Acquire::http::Proxy-Auto-Detect</literal> can be used to specify " +"an external command to discover the http proxy to use. Apt expects the " +"command to output the proxy on stdout in the style <literal>http://proxy:" +"port/</literal>. This will override the generic <literal>Acquire::http::" +"Proxy</literal> but not any specific host proxy configuration set via " +"<literal>Acquire::http::Proxy::$HOST</literal>. See the &squid-deb-proxy-" +"client; package for an example implementation that uses avahi. This option " +"takes precedence over the legacy option name <literal>ProxyAutoDetect</" +"literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:486 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:420 msgid "" -"Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and <literal>build-dep</" -"literal> commands. Indicates that the given source names are not to be " -"mapped through the binary table. This means that if this option is " -"specified, these commands will only accept source package names as " -"arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking up the " -"corresponding source package. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Only-" -"Source</literal>." +"The <literal>Cache-control</literal>, <literal>Timeout</literal>, " +"<literal>AllowRedirect</literal>, <literal>Dl-Limit</literal> and " +"<literal>proxy</literal> options work for HTTPS URIs in the same way as for " +"the <literal>http</literal> method, and default to the same values if they " +"are not explicitly set. The <literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> option is not " +"yet supported." msgstr "" +"Le opzioni<literal>Cache-control</literal>, <literal>Timeout</literal>, " +"<literal>AllowRedirect</literal>, <literal>Dl-Limit</literal> e " +"<literal>proxy</literal> funzionano per gli URI HTTPS nello stesso modo che " +"per il metodo <literal>http</literal> e assumono in modo predefinito lo " +"stesso valore, a meno di non essere impostate in modo esplicito. L'opzione " +"<literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> non è ancora supportata." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:497 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:428 msgid "" -"Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration " -"Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, <literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</" -"literal>, and <literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>." -msgstr "" +"<literal>CaInfo</literal> suboption specifies place of file that holds info " +"about trusted certificates. <literal><host>::CaInfo</literal> is the " +"corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> boolean " +"suboption determines whether or not the server's host certificate should be " +"verified against trusted certificates. <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</" +"literal> is the corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Host</" +"literal> boolean suboption determines whether or not the server's hostname " +"should be verified. <literal><host>::Verify-Host</literal> is the " +"corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslCert</literal> determines what " +"certificate to use for client authentication. <literal><host>::" +"SslCert</literal> is the corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslKey</" +"literal> determines what private key to use for client authentication. " +"<literal><host>::SslKey</literal> is the corresponding per-host " +"option. <literal>SslForceVersion</literal> overrides default SSL version to " +"use. It can contain either of the strings '<literal>TLSv1</literal>' or " +"'<literal>SSLv3</literal>'. <literal><host>::SslForceVersion</" +"literal> is the corresponding per-host option." +msgstr "" +"La sotto-opzione <literal>CaInfo</literal> specifica la posizione del file " +"che contiene le informazioni sui certificati fidati; <literal><host>::" +"CaInfo</literal> è la corrispondente opzione specifica per ciascun host. La " +"sotto-opzione booleana <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> determina se il " +"certificato host del server deve o non deve essere verificato usando i " +"certificati fidati; <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</literal> è la " +"corrispondente opzione specifica per ciascun host. La sotto-opzione booleana " +"<literal>Verify-Host</literal> determina se il nome host del server deve o " +"non deve essere verificato; <literal><host>::Verify-Host</literal> è " +"la corrispondente opzione specifica per ciascun host. <literal>SslCert</" +"literal> determina quale certificato usare per l'autenticazione client; " +"<literal><host>::SslCert</literal> è la corrispondente opzione " +"specifica per ciascun host. <literal>SslKey</literal> determina quale chiave " +"privata usare per l'autenticazione client; <literal><host>::SslKey</" +"literal> è la corrispondente opzione specifica per ciascun host. " +"<literal>SslForceVersion</literal> scavalca la versione predefinita SSL da " +"usare e può contenere la stringa «<literal>TLSv1</literal>» o " +"«<literal>SSLv3</literal>»; <literal><host>::SslForceVersion</" +"literal> è la corrispondente opzione specifica per ciascun host." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:449 +msgid "" +"<literal>ftp::Proxy</literal> sets the default proxy to use for FTP URIs. " +"It is in the standard form of <literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</" +"literal>. Per host proxies can also be specified by using the form " +"<literal>ftp::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword " +"<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above " +"settings is specified, <envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable will be " +"used. To use an FTP proxy you will have to set the <literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</" +"literal> script in the configuration file. This entry specifies the commands " +"to send to tell the proxy server what to connect to. Please see " +"&configureindex; for an example of how to do this. The substitution " +"variables representing the corresponding URI component are <literal>" +"$(PROXY_USER)</literal>, <literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal>, <literal>" +"$(SITE_USER)</literal>, <literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal>, <literal>$(SITE)</" +"literal> and <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal>." +msgstr "" +"<literal>ftp::Proxy</literal> imposta il proxy predefinito da usare per gli " +"URI FTP. È nella forma standard <literal>ftp://[[utente][:password]@]host[:" +"porta]/</literal>. Si possono anche specificare proxy per ciascun host " +"usando la forma <literal>ftp::Proxy::<host></literal> con la speciale " +"parola chiave <literal>DIRECT</literal> che indica di non usare proxy. Se " +"nessuna delle opzioni precedenti è impostata, viene usata la variabile " +"d'ambiente <envar>ftp_proxy</envar>. Per usare un proxy FTP è necessario " +"impostare lo script <literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> nel file di " +"configurazione. Questa voce specifica i comandi da inviare per dire al " +"server proxy a cosa connettersi. Vedere &configureindex; per un esempio di " +"come utilizzarla. Le variabili di sostituzione che rappresentano i " +"corrispondenti componenti dell'URI sono <literal>$(PROXY_USER)</literal>, " +"<literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal>, <literal>$(SITE_USER)</literal>, <literal>" +"$(SITE_PASS)</literal>, <literal>$(SITE)</literal> e <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</" +"literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:503 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:469 msgid "" -"Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: " -"<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>." +"Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe " +"to leave passive mode on; it works in nearly every environment. However, " +"some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode FTP used " +"instead. This can be done globally or for connections that go through a " +"proxy or for a specific host (see the sample config file for examples)." msgstr "" +"Sono fornite diverse impostazioni per controllare la modalità passiva. " +"Generalmente è sicuro lasciare attiva la modalità passiva; funziona in quasi " +"tutti gli ambienti. Tuttavia in alcune situazioni è necessario disabilitare " +"la modalità passiva e usare invece la modalità per porta FTP. Ciò può essere " +"fatto globalmente o, per connessioni che passano attraverso un proxy, per " +"uno specifico host (vedere il file di configurazione d'esempio)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:508 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:476 msgid "" -"Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This " -"is useful for tools like pbuilder. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" -"AllowUnauthenticated</literal>." +"It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the <envar>ftp_proxy</" +"envar> environment variable to an HTTP URL - see the discussion of the http " +"method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the configuration file and " +"it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its low efficiency." msgstr "" +"È possibile usare FTP attraverso un proxy via HTTP impostando la variabile " +"d'ambiente <envar>ftp_proxy</envar> ad un URL HTTP; per la sintassi vedere " +"la spiegazione del metodo http più sopra. Non è possibile impostare questa " +"opzione nel file di configurazione e l'uso di FTP via HTTP non è raccomando " +"a causa della sua bassa efficienza." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist> -#: apt-get.8.xml:521 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:481 msgid "" -"&file-sourceslist; &file-aptconf; &file-preferences; &file-cachearchives; " -"&file-statelists;" +"The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 " +"<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is " +"false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is " +"IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note " +"that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428." msgstr "" +"L'impostazione <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controlla l'uso dei comandi " +"<literal>EPSV</literal> e <literal>EPRT</literal> della RFC 2428. Il valore " +"predefinito è falso, il che significa che questi comandi sono usati " +"solamente se la connessione di controllo è IPv6. Impostare questo valore a " +"vero forza il loro uso anche su connessioni IPv4. Notare che la maggior " +"parte dei server FTP non supporta la RFC 2428." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:530 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:495 +#, no-wrap +msgid "/cdrom/::Mount \"foo\";" +msgstr "/cdrom/::Mount \"pippo\";" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:490 msgid "" -"&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, " -"&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, &apt-" -"preferences;, the APT Howto." +"For URIs using the <literal>cdrom</literal> method, the only configurable " +"option is the mount point, <literal>cdrom::Mount</literal>, which must be " +"the mount point for the CD-ROM (or DVD, or whatever) drive as specified in " +"<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to provide alternate mount " +"and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be listed in the fstab. The " +"syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the " +"<literal>cdrom</literal> block. It is important to have the trailing slash. " +"Unmount commands can be specified using UMount." msgstr "" +"Per URI che usano il metodo <literal>cdrom</literal>, l'unica opzione " +"configurabile è il punto di mount, <literal>cdrom::Mount</literal>, che deve " +"essere il punto di mount dell'unità CD-ROM (o DVD o quello che è), come " +"specificato in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. È possibile fornire comandi " +"alternativi per il montaggio e lo smontaggio se il proprio punto di mount " +"non può essere elencato in fstab. La sintassi prevede di mettere " +"<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> all'interno del blocco " +"<literal>cdrom</literal>. È importante che sia presente la barra in fondo. I " +"comandi per lo smontaggio possono essere specificati usando UMount." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:536 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:503 msgid "" -"<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on " -"error." +"For GPGV URIs the only configurable option is <literal>gpgv::Options</" +"literal>, which passes additional parameters to gpgv." msgstr "" +"Per gli URI GPGV l'unica opzione configurabile è <literal>gpgv::Options</" +"literal>, che passa parametri aggiuntivi a gpgv." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-get.8.xml:539 -msgid "ORIGINAL AUTHORS" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:514 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>FileExtension</replaceable> \"<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable>\";" +msgstr "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>EstensioneFile</replaceable> \"<replaceable>NomeMetodo</replaceable>\";" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:540 -msgid "&apt-author.jgunthorpe;" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:509 +msgid "" +"List of compression types which are understood by the acquire methods. " +"Files like <filename>Packages</filename> can be available in various " +"compression formats. By default the acquire methods can decompress " +"<command>bzip2</command>, <command>lzma</command> and <command>gzip</" +"command> compressed files; with this setting more formats can be added on " +"the fly or the used method can be changed. The syntax for this is: " +"<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Elenco di tipi di compressione che sono capiti dai metodi di acquisizione. I " +"file come <filename>Packages</filename> possono essere disponibili in vari " +"formati di compressione. In modo predefinito i metodi di acquisizione " +"possono decomprimere file compressi con <command>bzip2</command>, " +"<command>lzma</command> e <command>gzip</command>; con questa impostazione " +"si possono aggiungere altri formati al volo oppure può essere cambiato il " +"metodo usato. La sintassi è: <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-get.8.xml:543 -msgid "CURRENT AUTHORS" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:519 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";" +msgstr "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-get.8.xml:545 -msgid "&apt-author.team;" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:522 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"lzma\"; \"gz\"; };" +msgstr "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"lzma\"; \"gz\"; };" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-key.8.xml:25 -msgid "APT key management utility" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:515 +msgid "" +"Also, the <literal>Order</literal> subgroup can be used to define in which " +"order the acquire system will try to download the compressed files. The " +"acquire system will try the first and proceed with the next compression type " +"in this list on error, so to prefer one over the other type simply add the " +"preferred type first - default types not already added will be implicitly " +"appended to the end of the list, so e.g. <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=" +"\"0\"/> can be used to prefer <command>gzip</command> compressed files over " +"<command>bzip2</command> and <command>lzma</command>. If <command>lzma</" +"command> should be preferred over <command>gzip</command> and " +"<command>bzip2</command> the configure setting should look like this: " +"<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"1\"/> It is not needed to add " +"<literal>bz2</literal> to the list explicitly as it will be added " +"automatically." +msgstr "" +"Inoltre si può usare il sottogruppo <literal>Order</literal> per definire in " +"quale ordine il sistema di acquisizione cerca di scaricare i file compressi. " +"Il sistema tenta con il primo tipo di compressione e in caso di errore passa " +"al successivo nell'elenco perciò, per preferire un tipo rispetto ad un " +"altro, basta mettere il tipo preferito per primo; i tipi predefiniti che non " +"sono già presenti vengono aggiunti in modo implicito alla fine dell'elenco, " +"perciò si può usare, ad esempio, <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/> " +"per preferire i file compressi con <command>gzip</command> a <command>bzip2</" +"command> e <command>lzma</command>. Se si volesse preferire <command>lzma</" +"command> rispetto a <command>gzip</command> e <command>bzip2</command>, " +"l'impostazione di configurazione sarebbe: <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=" +"\"1\"/> Non è necessario aggiungere esplicitamente <literal>bz2</literal> " +"all'elenco, dato che verrà aggiunto automaticamente." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:529 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";" +msgstr "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:32 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:524 msgid "" -"<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to " -"authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these " -"keys will be considered trusted." +"Note that the <literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable></" +"literal> will be checked at run time. If this option has been set, the " +"method will only be used if this file exists; e.g. for the <literal>bzip2</" +"literal> method (the inbuilt) setting is: <placeholder type=\"literallayout" +"\" id=\"0\"/> Note also that list entries specified on the command line will " +"be added at the end of the list specified in the configuration files, but " +"before the default entries. To prefer a type in this case over the ones " +"specified in the configuration files you can set the option direct - not in " +"list style. This will not override the defined list; it will only prefix " +"the list with this type." msgstr "" +"Notare che <literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>NomeMetodo</replaceable></" +"literal> viene controllata al momento dell'esecuzione. Se questa opzione è " +"stata impostata, il metodo verrà usato solo se questo file è esistente; ad " +"esempio, per il metodo <literal>bzip2</literal> l'impostazione (interna) è: " +"<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> Notare anche che le voci " +"nell'elenco specificate nella riga di comando vengono aggiunte alla fine " +"dell'elenco specificato nei file di configurazione, ma prima delle voci " +"predefinite. In questo caso, per preferire un tipo rispetto a quelli " +"specificati nei file di configurazione si può impostare l'opzione " +"direttamente, non nello stile per elenco. Ciò non sovrascrive l'elenco " +"definito; aggiunge solamente il tipo indicato all'inizio dell'elenco." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-key.8.xml:38 -msgid "Commands" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:534 +msgid "" +"The special type <literal>uncompressed</literal> can be used to give " +"uncompressed files a preference, but note that most archives don't provide " +"uncompressed files so this is mostly only useable for local mirrors." msgstr "" +"Il tipo speciale <literal>uncompressed</literal> può essere usato per dare " +"la precedenza ai file non compressi, ma è bene notare che la maggior parte " +"degli archivi non fornisce file non compressi, perciò questo è utilizzabile " +"soprattutto per i mirror locali." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:43 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:541 msgid "" -"Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from the " -"filename given with the parameter &synopsis-param-filename; or if the " -"filename is <literal>-</literal> from standard input." +"When downloading <literal>gzip</literal> compressed indexes (Packages, " +"Sources, or Translations), keep them gzip compressed locally instead of " +"unpacking them. This saves quite a lot of disk space at the expense of more " +"CPU requirements when building the local package caches. False by default." msgstr "" +"Quando si scaricano indici compressi con <literal>gzip</literal> (Packages, " +"Sources o Translations), li mantiene localmente compressi con gzip invece di " +"spacchettarli. Questo fa risparmiare parecchio spazio su disco a spese di un " +"maggiore uso della CPU quando si creano le cache locali dei pacchetti. In " +"modo predefinito è disabilitato." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:56 -msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys." -msgstr "" +#: apt.conf.5.xml:549 +msgid "" +"The Languages subsection controls which <filename>Translation</filename> " +"files are downloaded and in which order APT tries to display the description-" +"translations. APT will try to display the first available description in the " +"language which is listed first. Languages can be defined with their short or " +"long language codes. Note that not all archives provide " +"<filename>Translation</filename> files for every language - the long " +"language codes are especially rare." +msgstr "" +"La sottosezione Languages controlla quali file <filename>Translation</" +"filename> sono scaricati e in quale ordine APT cerca di visualizzare le " +"traduzioni delle descrizioni. APT cerca di visualizzare la prima descrizione " +"disponibile nella lingua elencata per prima. Le lingue possono essere " +"definite con i loro codici brevi o lunghi. Notare che non tutti gli archivi " +"forniscono i file <filename>Translation</filename> per tutte le lingue; i " +"codici di lingua lunghi sono particolarmente rari." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><programlisting> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:566 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Acquire::Languages { \"environment\"; \"de\"; \"en\"; \"none\"; \"fr\"; };" +msgstr "Acquire::Languages { \"environment\"; \"it\"; \"en\"; \"none\"; \"fr\"; };" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:67 -msgid "Output the key &synopsis-param-keyid; to standard output." +#: apt.conf.5.xml:554 +msgid "" +"The default list includes \"environment\" and \"en\". " +"\"<literal>environment</literal>\" has a special meaning here: it will be " +"replaced at runtime with the language codes extracted from the " +"<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> environment variable. It will also ensure " +"that these codes are not included twice in the list. If " +"<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> is set to \"C\" only the " +"<filename>Translation-en</filename> file (if available) will be used. To " +"force APT to use no Translation file use the setting <literal>Acquire::" +"Languages=none</literal>. \"<literal>none</literal>\" is another special " +"meaning code which will stop the search for a suitable " +"<filename>Translation</filename> file. This tells APT to download these " +"translations too, without actually using them unless the environment " +"specifies the languages. So the following example configuration will result " +"in the order \"en, de\" in an English locale or \"de, en\" in a German one. " +"Note that \"fr\" is downloaded, but not used unless APT is used in a French " +"locale (where the order would be \"fr, de, en\"). <placeholder type=" +"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"L'elenco predefinito include «environment» ed «en». «<literal>environment</" +"literal>» ha un significato speciale in questo contesto: viene sostituito al " +"momento dell'esecuzione dai codici di lingua estratti dalla variabile " +"d'ambiente <literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal>. Assicura anche che questi codici " +"non vengano inclusi due volte nell'elenco. Se <literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> " +"è impostata a «C», viene usato solamente il file <filename>Translation-en</" +"filename> (se disponibile). Per forzare APT a non usare alcun file " +"Translation, usare l'impostazione <literal>Acquire::Languages=none</" +"literal>. \"<literal>none</literal>\" è un altro codice con significato " +"speciale che interrompe la ricerca di un file <filename>Translation</" +"filename> adatto. Questo dice ad APT di scaricare anche queste traduzioni, " +"senza usarle realmente a meno che l'ambiente non specifichi le lingue. " +"Perciò il seguente esempio di configurazione avrà come risultato l'ordine " +"«en, it» in una localizzazione inglese o «it, en» in una italiana. Notare " +"che «fr» viene scaricato, ma non usato, a meno che APT non venga usato in " +"una localizzazione francese (dove l'ordine sarebbe «fr, it, en»). " +"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:78 -msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output." +#: apt.conf.5.xml:567 +msgid "" +"Note: To prevent problems resulting from APT being executed in different " +"environments (e.g. by different users or by other programs) all Translation " +"files which are found in <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists/</filename> will be " +"added to the end of the list (after an implicit \"<literal>none</literal>\")." msgstr "" +"Notare che per prevenire problemi risultanti dall'uso di APT in ambienti " +"differenti (ad esempio da parte di utenti o programmi diversi), tutti i file " +"Translation che si trovano in <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists/</filename> " +"vengono aggiunti alla fine dell'elenco (dopo un \"<literal>none</literal>\" " +"implicito)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:89 -msgid "List trusted keys." +#: apt.conf.5.xml:576 +msgid "When downloading, force to use only the IPv4 protocol." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:100 -msgid "List fingerprints of trusted keys." +#: apt.conf.5.xml:582 +msgid "When downloading, force to use only the IPv6 protocol." msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:111 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:589 +msgid "Directories" +msgstr "Directory" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:591 msgid "" -"Pass advanced options to gpg. With adv --recv-key you can download the " -"public key." +"The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to " +"local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place " +"downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the " +"&dpkg; status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT " +"<filename>preferences</filename> file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> " +"contains the default directory to prefix on all sub-items if they do not " +"start with <filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>." msgstr "" +"La sezione <literal>Dir::State</literal> contiene directory che sono " +"relative a informazioni di stato locali. <literal>lists</literal> è la " +"directory in cui mettere gli elenchi scaricati dei pacchetti e " +"<literal>status</literal> è il nome del file di stato di &dpkg;. " +"<literal>preferences</literal> è il nome del file <filename>preferences</" +"filename> di APT. <literal>Dir::State</literal> contiene la directory " +"predefinita da anteporre a tutte le sottovoci che non iniziano con " +"<filename>/</filename> o <filename>./</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:123 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:598 msgid "" -"Update the local keyring with the archive keyring and remove from the local " -"keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid. The archive keyring is " -"shipped in the <literal>archive-keyring</literal> package of your " -"distribution, e.g. the <literal>debian-archive-keyring</literal> package in " -"Debian." +"<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache " +"information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> " +"and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded " +"archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can " +"be turned off by setting their names to the empty string. This will slow " +"down startup but save disk space. It is probably preferable to turn off the " +"pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the " +"default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>" msgstr "" +"<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contiene le posizioni relative alle " +"informazioni della cache locale, come le due cache dei pacchetti " +"<literal>srcpkgcache</literal> e <literal>pkgcache</literal>, così come la " +"posizione in cui mettere gli archivi scaricati: <literal>Dir::Cache::" +"archives</literal>. La generazione delle cache può essere disattivata " +"impostando il loro nome ad una stringa vuota. Questo rallenta l'avvio ma fa " +"risparmiare spazio su disco. È probabilmente preferibile disattivare " +"pkgcache piuttosto che srcpkgcache. Come per <literal>Dir::State</literal>, " +"la directory predefinita è contenuta in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:137 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:607 msgid "" -"Work similar to the <command>update</command> command above, but get the " -"archive keyring from an URI instead and validate it against a master key. " -"This requires an installed &wget; and an APT build configured to have a " -"server to fetch from and a master keyring to validate. APT in Debian does " -"not support this command and relies on <command>update</command> instead, " -"but Ubuntu's APT does." +"<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, " +"<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and " +"<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no " +"effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by " +"<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)." msgstr "" +"<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contiene la posizione dei file di " +"configurazione; <literal>sourcelist</literal> fornisce la posizione di " +"sourcelist e <literal>main</literal> è il file di configurazione predefinito " +"(l'impostazione non ha effetto, a meno che non venga fatta dal file di " +"configurazione specificato da <envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:154 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:613 msgid "" -"Note that options need to be defined before the commands described in the " -"previous section." +"The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments " +"in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the " +"main config file is loaded." msgstr "" +"L'impostazione <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> legge dalla directory " +"specificata tutti i frammenti di configurazione in ordine lessicale. Al " +"termine viene caricato il file di configurazione principale." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:157 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:617 msgid "" -"With this option it is possible to specify a specific keyring file the " -"command should operate on. The default is that a command is executed on the " -"<filename>trusted.gpg</filename> file as well as on all parts in the " -"<filename>trusted.gpg.d</filename> directory, though <filename>trusted.gpg</" -"filename> is the primary keyring which means that e.g. new keys are added to " -"this one." +"Binary programs are pointed to by <literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::" +"Bin::Methods</literal> specifies the location of the method handlers and " +"<literal>gzip</literal>, <literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, " +"<literal>dpkg</literal>, <literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</" +"literal> <literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</" +"literal> specify the location of the respective programs." msgstr "" +"<literal>Dir::Bin</literal> punta ai programmi binari; <literal>Dir::Bin::" +"Methods</literal> specifica la posizione dei gestori dei metodi e " +"<literal>gzip</literal>, <literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, " +"<literal>dpkg</literal>, <literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</" +"literal> <literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> e <literal>apt-cache</literal> " +"specificano la posizione dei rispettivi programmi." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist> -#: apt-key.8.xml:170 -msgid "&file-trustedgpg;" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:625 +msgid "" +"The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If " +"set, all paths in <literal>Dir::</literal> will be relative to " +"<literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>even paths that are specified " +"absolutely</emphasis>. So, for instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is " +"set to <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and <literal>Dir::State::status</" +"literal> is set to <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the " +"status file will be looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"filename>." msgstr "" +"La voce di configurazione <literal>RootDir</literal> ha un significato " +"speciale. Se impostata, tutti i percorsi in <literal>Dir::</literal> saranno " +"relativi a <literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>anche i percorsi che sono " +"specificati in modo assoluto</emphasis>. Perciò, ad esempio, se " +"<literal>RootDir</literal> è impostata a <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> e " +"<literal>Dir::State::status</literal> è impostata a <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/" +"status</filename>, allora il file di stato verrà cercato in <filename>/tmp/" +"staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt-key.8.xml:172 -msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:638 +msgid "" +"The <literal>Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> list can be used to specify " +"which files APT should silently ignore while parsing the files in the " +"fragment directories. Per default a file which end with <literal>.disabled</" +"literal>, <literal>~</literal>, <literal>.bak</literal> or <literal>.dpkg-[a-" +"z]+</literal> is silently ignored. As seen in the last default value these " +"patterns can use regular expression syntax." msgstr "" +"La lista <literal>Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> può essere usata per " +"specificare quali file debbano essere ignorati in modo silenzioso da APT " +"mentre analizza i file nelle directory con i frammenti. In modo predefinito " +"un file il cui nome termina con <literal>.disabled</literal>, <literal>~</" +"literal>, <literal>.bak</literal> o <literal>.dpkg-[a-z]+</literal> viene " +"ignorato in modo silenzioso. Come si vede nell'ultimo valore predefinito " +"questi modelli possono usare una sintassi con espressioni regolari." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:173 -msgid "Local trust database of archive keys." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:647 +msgid "APT in DSelect" +msgstr "APT in DSelect" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:649 +msgid "" +"When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives " +"control the default behavior. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> " +"section." msgstr "" +"Quando APT viene usato come metodo per &dselect; svariate direttive di " +"configurazione controllano il comportamento predefinito; queste sono nella " +"sezione <literal>DSelect</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt-key.8.xml:176 -msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg</filename>" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:654 +msgid "" +"Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of <literal>always</literal>, " +"<literal>prompt</literal>, <literal>auto</literal>, <literal>pre-auto</" +"literal> and <literal>never</literal>. <literal>always</literal> and " +"<literal>prompt</literal> will remove all packages from the cache after " +"upgrading, <literal>prompt</literal> (the default) does so conditionally. " +"<literal>auto</literal> removes only those packages which are no longer " +"downloadable (replaced with a new version for instance). <literal>pre-auto</" +"literal> performs this action before downloading new packages." msgstr "" +"Modalità di pulizia della cache; i valori permessi sono <literal>always</" +"literal>, <literal>prompt</literal>, <literal>auto</literal>, <literal>pre-" +"auto</literal> e <literal>never</literal>. <literal>always</literal> e " +"<literal>prompt</literal> rimuovono tutti i pacchetti dalla cache dopo ogni " +"aggiornamento; <literal>prompt</literal> (il valore predefinito) lo fa in " +"modo condizionato. <literal>auto</literal> rimuove solo quei pacchetti che " +"non sono più scaricabili (ad esempio perché sostituiti da una nuova " +"versione). <literal>pre-auto</literal> effettua questa azione prima di " +"scaricare i nuovi pacchetti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:177 -msgid "Keyring of Debian archive trusted keys." +#: apt.conf.5.xml:668 +msgid "" +"The contents of this variable are passed to &apt-get; as command line " +"options when it is run for the install phase." msgstr "" +"Il contenuto di questa variabile è passato come opzioni per la riga di " +"comando ad &apt-get;, quando questo viene eseguito per la fase di " +"installazione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt-key.8.xml:180 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:673 msgid "" -"<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-removed-keys.gpg</filename>" +"The contents of this variable are passed to &apt-get; as command line " +"options when it is run for the update phase." msgstr "" +"Il contenuto di questa variabile è passato come opzioni per la riga di " +"comando ad &apt-get;, quando questo viene eseguito per la fase di " +"aggiornamento." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:181 -msgid "Keyring of Debian archive removed trusted keys." +#: apt.conf.5.xml:678 +msgid "" +"If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. " +"The default is to prompt only on error." msgstr "" +"Se impostato a vero l'operazione [A]ggiorna di &dselect; chiederà sempre " +"conferma prima di continuare. Il comportamento predefinito è di chiedere " +"solo in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-key.8.xml:190 -msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;" -msgstr "" - -#. The last update date -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:16 -msgid "" -"&apt-author.moconnor; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>21 " -"April 2011</date>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:33 -msgid "mark/unmark a package as being automatically-installed" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:684 +msgid "How APT calls &dpkg;" +msgstr "Come APT invoca &dpkg;" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:39 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:685 msgid "" -"<command>apt-mark</command> will change whether a package has been marked as " -"being automatically installed." +"Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are " +"in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section." msgstr "" +"Diverse direttive di configurazione controllano il modo in cui APT invoca " +"&dpkg;; sono nella sezione <literal>DPkg</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:43 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:690 msgid "" -"When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages " -"are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as " -"being automatically installed. Once these automatically installed packages " -"are no longer depended on by any manually installed packages, they will be " -"removed by e.g. <command>apt-get</command> or <command>aptitude</command>." +"This is a list of options to pass to &dpkg;. The options must be specified " +"using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to " +"&dpkg;." msgstr "" +"Questa è una lista di opzioni da passare a &dpkg;. Le opzioni devono essere " +"specificate usando la notazione per le liste e ogni voce nella lista viene " +"passata a &dpkg; come un singolo argomento." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:52 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:696 msgid "" -"<literal>auto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically " -"installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually " -"installed packages depend on this package." +"This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like " +"<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " +"commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>; should any " +"fail APT will abort." msgstr "" +"Questa è una lista di comandi di shell da eseguire prima/dopo l'invocazione " +"di &dpkg;. Come <literal>options</literal> deve essere specificata con la " +"notazione per le liste. I comandi sono invocati in ordine usando <filename>/" +"bin/sh</filename>; se qualcuno dei comandi fallisce APT terminerà annullando." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:60 -msgid "" -"<literal>manual</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually " -"installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed " -"if no other packages depend on it." +#: apt.conf.5.xml:703 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking &dpkg;. Like " +#| "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " +#| "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>; should " +#| "any fail APT will abort. APT will pass the filenames of all .deb files it " +#| "is going to install to the commands, one per line on standard input." +msgid "" +"This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking &dpkg;. Like " +"<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " +"commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>; should any " +"fail APT will abort. APT will pass the filenames of all .deb files it is " +"going to install to the commands, one per line on the requested file " +"descriptor, defaulting to standard input." msgstr "" +"Questa è una lista di comandi di shell da eseguire prima di invocare &dpkg;. " +"Come <literal>options</literal> deve essere specificata con la notazione per " +"le liste. I comandi sono invocati in ordine usando <filename>/bin/sh</" +"filename>; se qualcuno dei comandi fallisce APT terminerà annullando. APT " +"passa i nomi di file di tutti i file .deb che sta per installare ai comandi, " +"uno per riga, sullo standard input." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:68 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:710 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol " +#| "version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions " +#| "being changed. Version 2 is enabled by setting <literal>DPkg::Tools::" +#| "options::cmd::Version</literal> to 2. <literal>cmd</literal> is a command " +#| "given to <literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal>." msgid "" -"<literal>hold</literal> is used to mark a package as hold back, which will " -"prevent the package from being automatically installed, upgraded or " -"removed. The command is only a wrapper around <command>dpkg --set-" -"selections</command> and the state is therefore maintained by &dpkg; and not " -"effected by the <option>--filename</option> option." -msgstr "" +"Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol " +"version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions " +"being changed. Version 3 adds the architecture and <literal>MultiArch</" +"literal> flag to each version being dumped." +msgstr "" +"La versione 2 di questo protocollo fa il dump di più informazioni, inclusi " +"la versione del protocollo, lo spazio di configurazione di APT, e i " +"pacchetti, file e versioni che vengono modificati. La versione 2 viene " +"abilitata impostando <literal>DPkg::Tools::options::cmd::Version</literal> a " +"2. <literal>cmd</literal> è un comando passato a <literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</" +"literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:78 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:715 msgid "" -"<literal>unhold</literal> is used to cancel a previously set hold on a " -"package to allow all actions again." +"The version of the protocol to be used for the command " +"<literal><replaceable>cmd</replaceable></literal> can be chosen by setting " +"<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::<replaceable>cmd</replaceable>::Version</" +"literal> accordingly, the default being version 1. If APT isn't supporting " +"the requested version it will send the information in the highest version it " +"has support for instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:84 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:722 msgid "" -"<literal>showauto</literal> is used to print a list of automatically " -"installed packages with each package on a new line. All automatically " -"installed packages will be listed if no package is given. If packages are " -"given only those which are automatically installed will be shown." +"The file descriptor to be used to send the information can be requested with " +"<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::<replaceable>cmd</replaceable>::InfoFD</" +"literal> which defaults to <literal>0</literal> for standard input and is " +"available since version 0.9.11. Support for the option can be detected by " +"looking for the environment variable <envar>APT_HOOK_INFO_FD</envar> which " +"contains the number of the used file descriptor as a confirmation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:92 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:732 msgid "" -"<literal>showmanual</literal> can be used in the same way as " -"<literal>showauto</literal> except that it will print a list of manually " -"installed packages instead." +"APT chdirs to this directory before invoking &dpkg;, the default is " +"<filename>/</filename>." msgstr "" +"APT cambia la directory attuale in questa prima di invocare &dpkg;; il " +"valore predefinito è <filename>/</filename>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:99 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:737 msgid "" -"<literal>showhold</literal> is used to print a list of packages on hold in " -"the same way as for the other show commands." +"These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages; the " +"default is to disable signing and produce all binaries." msgstr "" +"Queste opzioni sono passate a &dpkg-buildpackage; quando vengono compilati i " +"pacchetti; il valore predefinito disabilita la firma e produce tutti i " +"binari." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><filename> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:112 apt-mark.8.xml:113 -msgid "<replaceable>&synopsis-filename;</replaceable>" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:742 +msgid "dpkg trigger usage (and related options)" +msgstr "Uso dei trigger di dpkg (e relative opzioni)" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:115 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:743 +msgid "" +"APT can call &dpkg; in such a way as to let it make aggressive use of " +"triggers over multiple calls of &dpkg;. Without further options &dpkg; will " +"use triggers once each time it runs. Activating these options can therefore " +"decrease the time needed to perform the install or upgrade. Note that it is " +"intended to activate these options per default in the future, but as it " +"drastically changes the way APT calls &dpkg; it needs a lot more testing. " +"<emphasis>These options are therefore currently experimental and should not " +"be used in production environments.</emphasis> It also breaks progress " +"reporting such that all front-ends will currently stay around half (or more) " +"of the time in the 100% state while it actually configures all packages." +msgstr "" +"APT può invocare &dpkg; in modo tale da permettergli di fare un uso più " +"aggressivo dei trigger su chiamate multiple di &dpkg;. Senza opzioni " +"ulteriori &dpkg; usa i trigger una volta sola per ogni volta che viene " +"eseguito. Attivando queste opzioni si può quindi diminuire il tempo " +"necessario per effettuare l'installazione o l'aggiornamento. Notare che " +"questo è pensato per attivare queste opzioni in modo predefinito nel futuro " +"ma, dato che cambia drasticamente il modo in cui APT chiama &dpkg;, " +"necessita di essere testato ancora molto. <emphasis>Queste opzioni sono " +"perciò al momento sperimentali e non dovrebbero essere usate in ambienti di " +"produzione.</emphasis> Inoltre rende difettosi i rapporti sull'avanzamento, " +"tanto che che tutte le interfacce attualmente rimangono per metà (o più) del " +"tempo nello stato 100% mentre in realtà stanno venendo configurati i " +"pacchetti." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><literallayout> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:758 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"Read/Write package stats from the filename given with the parameter " -"<filename><replaceable>&synopsis-filename;</replaceable></filename> instead " -"of from the default location, which is <filename>extended_status</filename> " -"in the directory defined by the Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</" -"literal>." +"DPkg::NoTriggers \"true\";\n" +"PackageManager::Configure \"smart\";\n" +"DPkg::ConfigurePending \"true\";\n" +"DPkg::TriggersPending \"true\";" msgstr "" +"DPkg::NoTriggers \"true\";\n" +"PackageManager::Configure \"smart\";\n" +"DPkg::ConfigurePending \"true\";\n" +"DPkg::TriggersPending \"true\";" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:128 -msgid " &file-extended_states;" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:752 +msgid "" +"Note that it is not guaranteed that APT will support these options or that " +"these options will not cause (big) trouble in the future. If you have " +"understand the current risks and problems with these options, but are brave " +"enough to help testing them, create a new configuration file and test a " +"combination of options. Please report any bugs, problems and improvements " +"you encounter and make sure to note which options you have used in your " +"reports. Asking &dpkg; for help could also be useful for debugging proposes, " +"see e.g. <command>dpkg --audit</command>. A defensive option combination " +"would be <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Notare che non è garantito che APT supporterà queste opzioni o che queste " +"opzioni non causeranno (grossi) problemi in futuro. Se i rischi e i problemi " +"attuali legati a queste opzioni sono chiari, ma si è abbastanza coraggiosi " +"da volere aiutare a testarle, creare un nuovo file di configurazione e " +"provare una combinazione di opzioni. Segnalare ogni bug, problema o " +"miglioramento che si presenta e assicurarsi di indicare nella segnalazione " +"quali opzioni sono state usate. Potrebbe anche essere utile chiedere aiuto a " +"&dpkg; per il debug; vedere ad esempio <command>dpkg --audit</command>. Una " +"combinazione di opzioni sulla difensiva sarebbe <placeholder type=" +"\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:133 -msgid "&apt-get;,&aptitude;,&apt-conf;" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:765 +msgid "" +"Add the no triggers flag to all &dpkg; calls (except the ConfigurePending " +"call). See &dpkg; if you are interested in what this actually means. In " +"short: &dpkg; will not run the triggers when this flag is present unless it " +"is explicitly called to do so in an extra call. Note that this option " +"exists (undocumented) also in older APT versions with a slightly different " +"meaning: Previously these option only append --no-triggers to the configure " +"calls to &dpkg; - now APT will also add this flag to the unpack and remove " +"calls." +msgstr "" +"Aggiunge l'opzione --no-triggers a tutte le invocazioni di &dpkg; (tranne la " +"chiamata ConfigurePending). Se si è interessati a capire cosa ciò significhi " +"veramente, vedere &dpkg;. In breve: quando questa opzione è presente &dpkg; " +"non esegue i trigger, a meno che non sia esplicitamente chiamato per farlo " +"con una chiamata aggiuntiva. Notare che questa opzione esiste (non " +"documentata) anche in versioni più vecchie di APT, con un significato " +"leggermente diverso: prima queste opzioni aggiungevano solamente --no-" +"triggers alle chiamate di &dpkg; per la configurazione, ora APT aggiunge " +"questa opzione anche alle chiamate per lo spacchettamento e la rimozione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-mark.8.xml:137 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:773 msgid "" -"<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on " -"error." -msgstr "" +"Valid values are \"<literal>all</literal>\", \"<literal>smart</literal>\" " +"and \"<literal>no</literal>\". The default value is \"<literal>all</literal>" +"\", which causes APT to configure all packages. The \"<literal>smart</" +"literal>\" way is to configure only packages which need to be configured " +"before another package can be unpacked (Pre-Depends), and let the rest be " +"configured by &dpkg; with a call generated by the ConfigurePending option " +"(see below). On the other hand, \"<literal>no</literal>\" will not configure " +"anything, and totally relies on &dpkg; for configuration (which at the " +"moment will fail if a Pre-Depends is encountered). Setting this option to " +"any value other than <literal>all</literal> will implicitly also activate " +"the next option by default, as otherwise the system could end in an " +"unconfigured and potentially unbootable state." +msgstr "" +"Valori permessi sono «<literal>all</literal>», «<literal>smart</literal>» e " +"«<literal>no</literal>». Il valore predefinito è «<literal>all</literal>», " +"il che fa sì che APT configuri tutti i pacchetti. Il modo «<literal>smart</" +"literal>» (intelligente) è quello di configurare solo i pacchetti che devono " +"essere configurati prima che possa essere spacchettato un altro pacchetto " +"(Pre-Depends), e lasciare che il resto venga configurato da &dpkg; con una " +"chiamata generata dall'opzione ConfigurePending (vedere più sotto). D'altro " +"canto, «<literal>no</literal>» non configura nulla e si affida completamente " +"a &dpkg; per la configurazione (che al momento fallisce se viene incontrata " +"una relazione Pre-Depends). Impostare questo parametro ad un qualsiasi " +"valore diverso da <literal>all</literal> attiva implicitamente in modo " +"predefinito anche l'opzione successiva, dato che altrimenti il sistema " +"potrebbe finire in uno stato non configurato e potenzialmente non avviabile." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:40 -msgid "Archive authentication support for APT" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:788 +msgid "" +"If this option is set APT will call <command>dpkg --configure --pending</" +"command> to let &dpkg; handle all required configurations and triggers. This " +"option is activated automatically per default if the previous option is not " +"set to <literal>all</literal>, but deactivating it could be useful if you " +"want to run APT multiple times in a row - e.g. in an installer. In these " +"sceneries you could deactivate this option in all but the last run." +msgstr "" +"Se questa opzione è impostata, APT invoca <command>dpkg --configure --" +"pending</command> per lasciare che &dpkg; gestisca tutte le configurazioni e " +"i trigger necessari. Questa opzione viene attivata automaticamente in modo " +"predefinito se l'opzione precedente non è impostata a <literal>all</" +"literal>, ma potrebbe essere utile disattivarla se si desidera eseguire APT " +"più volte di seguito, ad esempio in un installatore. In uno scenario simile " +"si può disattivare questa opzione in tutte le esecuzioni tranne l'ultima." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:45 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:795 msgid "" -"Starting with version 0.6, <command>apt</command> contains code that does " -"signature checking of the Release file for all archives. This ensures that " -"packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have no access to " -"the Release file signing key." +"Useful for the <literal>smart</literal> configuration as a package which has " +"pending triggers is not considered as <literal>installed</literal>, and " +"&dpkg; treats them as <literal>unpacked</literal> currently which is a " +"showstopper for Pre-Dependencies (see debbugs #526774). Note that this will " +"process all triggers, not only the triggers needed to configure this package." msgstr "" +"Utile per la configurazione <literal>smart</literal> dato che un pacchetto " +"che ha trigger in sospeso non è considerato come <literal>installato</" +"literal> e &dpkg; attualmente lo tratta come <literal>spacchettato</literal> " +"che è un ostacolo per le relazioni Pre-Depends (vedere il bug Debian " +"#526774). Notare che questo elaborerà tutti i trigger, non solo quelli " +"necessari per configurare il pacchetto in questione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:53 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:808 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"If a package comes from a archive without a signature or with a signature " -"that apt does not have a key for that package is considered untrusted and " -"installing it will result in a big warning. <command>apt-get</command> will " -"currently only warn for unsigned archives, future releases might force all " -"sources to be verified before downloading packages from them." +"OrderList::Score {\n" +"\tDelete 500;\n" +"\tEssential 200;\n" +"\tImmediate 10;\n" +"\tPreDepends 50;\n" +"};" msgstr "" +"OrderList::Score {\n" +"\tDelete 500;\n" +"\tEssential 200;\n" +"\tImmediate 10;\n" +"\tPreDepends 50;\n" +"};" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:801 +msgid "" +"Essential packages (and their dependencies) should be configured immediately " +"after unpacking. It is a good idea to do this quite early in the upgrade " +"process as these configure calls also currently require <literal>DPkg::" +"TriggersPending</literal> which will run quite a few triggers (which may not " +"be needed). Essentials get per default a high score but the immediate flag " +"is relatively low (a package which has a Pre-Depends is rated higher). " +"These option and the others in the same group can be used to change the " +"scoring. The following example shows the settings with their default " +"values. <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" +msgstr "" +"I pacchetti essenziali (e le loro dipendenze) dovrebbero essere configurati " +"immediatamente dopo essere stati spacchettati. È una buona idea farlo " +"abbastanza presto nel processo di aggiornamento, dato che queste chiamate di " +"configurazione al momento richiedono anche <literal>DPkg::TriggersPending</" +"literal> che esegue un certo numero di trigger (che potrebbero non essere " +"necessari). I pacchetti essenziali ottengono in modo predefinito un " +"punteggio alto, ma il contrassegno di immediatezza è relativamente basso (un " +"pacchetto che ha una relazione Pre-Depends è valutato con un punteggio " +"maggiore). Queste opzioni e le altre nello stesso gruppo possono essere " +"usate per cambiare il punteggio. L'esempio seguente mostra le impostazioni " +"con i loro valori predefiniti. <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:821 +msgid "Periodic and Archives options" +msgstr "Opzioni Periodic e Archives" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:62 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:822 msgid "" -"The package frontends &apt-get;, &aptitude; and &synaptic; support this new " -"authentication feature." +"<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups " +"of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by the " +"<literal>/etc/cron.daily/apt</literal> script. See the top of this script " +"for the brief documentation of these options." msgstr "" +"I gruppi di opzioni <literal>APT::Periodic</literal> e <literal>APT::" +"Archives</literal> configurano il comportamento degli aggiornamenti " +"periodici di apt, ciò viene fatto attraverso lo script <literal>/etc/cron." +"daily/apt</literal>. Per una breve documentazione di queste opzioni, vedere " +"all'inizio dello script." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:67 -msgid "Trusted archives" -msgstr "" +#: apt.conf.5.xml:830 +msgid "Debug options" +msgstr "Opzioni di debug" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:70 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:832 msgid "" -"The chain of trust from an apt archive to the end user is made up of " -"different steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this " -"chain, trusting an archive does not mean that the packages that you trust it " -"do not contain malicious code but means that you trust the archive " -"maintainer. It's the archive maintainer responsibility to ensure that the " -"archive integrity is correct." +"Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause " +"debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program " +"utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program " +"modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of <literal>apt</" +"literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a normal user, but a " +"few may be:" msgstr "" +"Se si abilitano le opzioni nella sezione <literal>Debug::</literal> verranno " +"inviate delle informazioni di debug nel flusso dello standard error del " +"programma usando le librerie <literal>apt</literal>, o verranno abilitate " +"speciali modalità del programma che sono principalmente utili per far il " +"debug del comportamento di <literal>apt</literal>. La maggior parte di " +"queste opzioni non è interessante per l'utente normale, ma alcune potrebbero " +"esserlo:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:78 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:843 msgid "" -"apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require " -"tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and " -"<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts " -"packages respectively)." +"<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the " +"decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, purge</" +"literal>." msgstr "" +"<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> abilita l'output relativo alle " +"decisioni prese da <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, purge</" +"literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:85 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:851 msgid "" -"The chain of trust in Debian starts when a maintainer uploads a new package " -"or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. This upload in order to " -"become effective needs to be signed by a key of a maintainer within the " -"Debian maintainer's keyring (available in the debian-keyring package). " -"Maintainer's keys are signed by other maintainers following pre-established " -"procedures to ensure the identity of the key holder." +"<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be " +"used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s install</" +"literal>) as a non-root user." msgstr "" +"<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disabilita tutti i lock sui file. Può " +"essere usato per eseguire alcune operazioni (ad esempio <literal>apt-get -s " +"install</literal>) come utente non root." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:95 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:860 msgid "" -"Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the " -"maintainer signature is stripped off, an MD5 sum of the package is computed " -"and put in the Packages file. The MD5 sum of all of the packages files are " -"then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is then signed " -"by the archive key (which is created once a year) and distributed through " -"the FTP server. This key is also on the Debian keyring." +"<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each " +"time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;." msgstr "" +"<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> stampa l'effettiva riga di comando ogni " +"volta che <literal>apt</literal> invoca &dpkg;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:105 +#. TODO: provide a +#. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want +#. to do this. +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:868 msgid "" -"Any end user can check the signature of the Release file, extract the MD5 " -"sum of a package from it and compare it with the MD5 sum of the package he " -"downloaded. Prior to version 0.6 only the MD5 sum of the downloaded Debian " -"package was checked. Now both the MD5 sum and the signature of the Release " -"file are checked." +"<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data " +"in CD-ROM IDs." msgstr "" +"<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disabilita l'inclusione di dati statfs " +"negli ID dei CD-ROM." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:112 -msgid "" -"Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package " -"basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:" -msgstr "" +#: apt.conf.5.xml:878 +msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows." +msgstr "Segue un elenco completo delle opzioni di debug per apt." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:117 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:887 msgid "" -"<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature " -"checking, a malicious agent can introduce himself in the package download " -"process and provide malicious software either by controlling a network " -"element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue server " -"(through arp or DNS spoofing attacks)." +"Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources." msgstr "" +"Stampa informazioni relative all'accesso a fonti <literal>cdrom://</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:125 -msgid "" -"<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a " -"malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to " -"propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that " -"host." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:898 +msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP." msgstr "" +"Stampa informazioni relative allo scaricamento dei pacchetti usando FTP." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:132 -msgid "" -"However, it does not defend against a compromise of the Debian master server " -"itself (which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to " -"sign the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a per-" -"package signature." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:909 +msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP." msgstr "" +"Stampa informazioni relative allo scaricamento dei pacchetti usando HTTP." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:138 -msgid "User configuration" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:920 +msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS." msgstr "" +"Stampa informazioni relative allo scaricamento dei pacchetti usando HTTPS." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:140 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:931 msgid "" -"<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used " -"by apt. It can be used to add or remove keys although an installation of " -"this release will automatically provide the default Debian archive signing " -"keys used in the Debian package repositories." +"Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using " +"<literal>gpg</literal>." msgstr "" +"Stampa informazioni relative alla verifica delle firme di cifratura fatta " +"usando <literal>gpg</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:147 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:942 msgid "" -"In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make " -"sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add " -"it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get update</" -"command> so that apt can download and verify the <filename>InRelease</" -"filename> or <filename>Release.gpg</filename> files from the archives you " -"have configured." +"Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages " +"stored on CD-ROMs." msgstr "" +"Produce in output informazioni sul processo di accesso a raccolte di " +"pacchetti memorizzati su CD-ROM." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:156 -msgid "Archive configuration" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:952 +msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;." msgstr "" +"Descrive il processo di risoluzione delle dipendenze di compilazione in &apt-" +"get;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:158 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:962 msgid "" -"If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your " -"maintenance you have to:" +"Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the <literal>apt</" +"literal> libraries." msgstr "" +"Produce in output ogni hash crittografico che viene generato dalle librerie " +"<literal>apt</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:163 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:972 msgid "" -"<emphasis>Create a toplevel Release file</emphasis>, if it does not exist " -"already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive release</" -"command> (provided in apt-utils)." +"Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number " +"of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for " +"a CD-ROM." msgstr "" +"Quando viene generato l'ID per un CD-ROM, non include informazioni da " +"<literal>statfs</literal>, cioè il numero di blocchi usati e liberi sul file " +"system del CD-ROM." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:168 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:983 msgid "" -"<emphasis>Sign it</emphasis>. You can do this by running <command>gpg --" -"clearsign -o InRelease Release</command> and <command>gpg -abs -o Release." -"gpg Release</command>." +"Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of " +"<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time." msgstr "" +"Disabilita tutti i lock sui file. Per esempio permette di eseguire due " +"istanze di <quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> " +"contemporaneamente." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:172 -msgid "" -"<emphasis>Publish the key fingerprint</emphasis>, that way your users will " -"know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the " -"archive." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:995 +msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue." msgstr "" +"Registra nel log quando vengono aggiunte o rimosse voci dalla coda globale " +"degli scaricamenti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:179 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1005 msgid "" -"Whenever the contents of the archive changes (new packages are added or " -"removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps previously " -"outlined." +"Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and " +"cryptographic signatures of downloaded files." msgstr "" +"Produce in output messaggi di stato ed errori relativi alla verifica dei " +"codici di controllo e delle firme di cifratura dei file scaricati." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:187 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1015 msgid "" -"&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, " -"&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;" +"Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, " +"and errors relating to package index list diffs." msgstr "" +"Produce in output informazioni sullo scaricamento e l'applicazione dei diff " +"per gli elenchi degli indici dei pacchetti, e gli errori relativi a tali " +"diff." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:191 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1027 msgid "" -"For more background information you might want to review the <ulink url=" -"\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7\">Debian " -"Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual " -"(available also in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink url=\"http://www." -"cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong Distribution HOWTO</" -"ulink> by V. Alex Brennen." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:204 -msgid "Manpage Authors" +"Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading " +"index diffs instead of full indices." msgstr "" +"Produce in output informazioni relative all'applicazione di patch agli " +"elenchi dei pacchetti di apt quando vengono scaricati i diff per gli indici " +"invece degli indici completi." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-secure.8.xml:206 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1038 msgid "" -"This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac " -"Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:33 -msgid "Utility to sort package index files" +"Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads." msgstr "" +"Registra nel log tutte le interazioni con i sottoprocessi che effettuano " +"realmente gli scaricamenti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:39 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1049 msgid "" -"<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (Source index or " -"Package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package " -"name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the " -"internal sorting rules." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:45 -msgid "All output is sent to stdout, the input must be a seekable file." +"Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to " +"the removal of unused packages." msgstr "" +"Registra nel log gli eventi relativi allo stato di automaticamente " +"installato dei pacchetti e alla rimozione dei pacchetti non utilizzati." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:54 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1059 msgid "" -"Use Source index field ordering. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" -"SortPkgs::Source</literal>." +"Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically " +"installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial auto-" +"install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, and not " +"to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see <literal>Debug::" +"pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that." msgstr "" +"Genera messaggi di debug che descrivono quali pacchetti vengono " +"automaticamente installati per risolvere delle dipendenze. Corrisponde al " +"passo iniziale di installazione automatica effettuato, ad esempio, in " +"<literal>apt-get install</literal> e non all'intero risolutore di dipendenze " +"di <literal>apt</literal>; per quello vedere <literal>Debug::" +"pkgProblemResolver</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:68 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1073 msgid "" -"<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " -"100 on error." -msgstr "" - -#. The last update date -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:16 +"Generate debug messages describing which packages are marked as keep/install/" +"remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition or deletion " +"may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two additional " +"spaces under the original entry. The format for each line is " +"<literal>MarkKeep</literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or " +"<literal>MarkInstall</literal> followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c -" +"> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> is " +"the current version of the package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the version " +"considered for installation and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer version, " +"but not considered for installation (because of a low pin score). The later " +"two can be omitted if there is none or if it is the same as the installed " +"version. <literal>section</literal> is the name of the section the package " +"appears in." +msgstr "" +"Genera messaggi di debug che descrivono quali pacchetto vengono " +"contrassegnati per essere mantenuti/installati/rimossi mentre il " +"ProblemResolver fa il suo lavoro. Ogni aggiunta o rimozione può causare " +"azioni aggiuntive che vengono mostrate con un rientro di due spazi in più " +"sotto alla voce originale. Il formato per ogni riga è <literal>MarkKeep</" +"literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> o <literal>MarkInstall</literal> " +"seguito da <literal>nome-pacchetto <a.b.c -> d.e.f | x.y.z> " +"(sezione)</literal> dove <literal>a.b.c</literal> è l'attuale versione del " +"pacchetto, <literal>d.e.f</literal> è la versione presa in considerazione " +"per l'installazione e <literal>x.y.z</literal> è una versione più recente, " +"ma non considerata per l'installazione (a causa di un punteggio di pin più " +"basso). Gli ultimi due possono essere omessi se non esistono o se sono " +"uguali alla versione installata. <literal>sezione</literal> è il nome della " +"sezione in cui compare il pacchetto." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1094 msgid "" -"&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; <author> <firstname>Daniel</" -"firstname> <surname>Burrows</surname> <contrib>Initial documentation of " -"Debug::*.</contrib> <email>dburrows@debian.org</email> </author> &apt-email; " -"&apt-product; <date>16 January 2010</date>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:32 apt_preferences.5.xml:25 sources.list.5.xml:26 -msgid "5" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:39 -msgid "Configuration file for APT" +"When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being " +"invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character." msgstr "" +"Quando invoca &dpkg;, produce in output l'esatta riga di comando usata, con " +"gli argomenti separati da un singolo carattere di spazio." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:43 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1105 msgid "" -"<filename>apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file for the APT " -"suite of tools, but by far not the only place changes to options can be " -"made. All tools therefore share the configuration files and also use a " -"common command line parser to provide a uniform environment." +"Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and " +"any errors encountered while parsing it." msgstr "" +"Produce in output tutti i dati ricevuti da &dpkg; sul descrittore del file " +"di stato ed ogni errore incontrato durante la sua analisi." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:48 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1116 msgid "" -"When an APT tool starts up it will read the configuration files in the " -"following order:" +"Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which " +"<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;." msgstr "" +"Genera un trace dell'algoritmo che decide l'ordine in cui <literal>apt</" +"literal> deve passare i pacchetti a &dpkg;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:50 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1128 msgid "" -"the file specified by the <envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if " -"any)" +"Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;." msgstr "" +"Produce in output messaggi di stato che indicano i passi effettuati " +"nell'invocazione di &dpkg;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:52 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1139 +msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup." +msgstr "Produce in output la priorità di ogni elenco di pacchetti all'avvio." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1149 msgid "" -"all files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> in alphanumeric ascending " -"order which have either no or \"<literal>conf</literal>\" as filename " -"extension and which only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), underscore (_) " -"and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has " -"ignored a file if the file doesn't match a pattern in the <literal>Dir::" -"Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in this case it will be " -"silently ignored." +"Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what " +"happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)." msgstr "" +"Traccia l'esecuzione del risolutore di dipendenze (questo ha effetto solo " +"per ciò che accade quando viene incontrato un problema complesso di " +"dipendenze)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:59 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1160 msgid "" -"the main configuration file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal>" +"Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by " +"the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as " +"described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>" msgstr "" +"Visualizza un elenco di tutti i pacchetti installati con il loro punteggio " +"calcolato che è usato dal pkgProblemResolver. La descrizione dei pacchetti è " +"la stessa descritta in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:61 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1172 msgid "" -"the command line options are applied to override the configuration " -"directives or to load even more configuration files." +"Print information about the vendors read from <filename>/etc/apt/vendors." +"list</filename>." msgstr "" +"Stampa informazioni sui fornitori lette da <filename>/etc/apt/vendors.list</" +"filename>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:65 -msgid "Syntax" -msgstr "" +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1194 apt_preferences.5.xml:547 sources.list.5.xml:239 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:598 +msgid "Examples" +msgstr "Esempi" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:66 +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1195 msgid "" -"The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into " -"functional groups. Option specification is given with a double colon " -"notation, for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option " -"within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. Options do not inherit from " -"their parent groups." +"&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all " +"possible options." msgstr "" +"&configureindex; è un file di configurazione che mostra valori d'esempio per " +"tutte le opzioni possibili." +#. ? reading apt.conf #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:72 -msgid "" -"Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools " -"such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are " -"treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between <literal>/*</" -"literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. Each line is " -"of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal>. The trailing " -"semicolon and the quotes are required. The value must be on one line, and " -"there is no kind of string concatenation. It must not include inside " -"quotes. The behavior of the backslash \"\\\" and escaped characters inside " -"a value is undefined and it should not be used. An option name may include " -"alphanumerical characters and the \"/-:._+\" characters. A new scope can be " -"opened with curly braces, like:" -msgstr "" +#: apt.conf.5.xml:1207 +msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;." +msgstr "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:86 -#, no-wrap -msgid "" -"APT {\n" -" Get {\n" -" Assume-Yes \"true\";\n" -" Fix-Broken \"true\";\n" -" };\n" -"};\n" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:34 +msgid "Preference control file for APT" +msgstr "file di controllo delle preferenze per APT" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:94 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:39 msgid "" -"with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by " -"opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by " -"a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, each separated by a semicolon." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:99 -#, no-wrap -msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n" +"The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and the " +"fragment files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> folder " +"can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected for " +"installation." msgstr "" +"Il file delle preferenze di APT, <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> e " +"i file frammento nella directory <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</" +"filename> possono essere usati per controllare quale versione verrà " +"selezionata per l'installazione." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:102 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:44 msgid "" -"In general the sample configuration file in <filename>&docdir;examples/apt." -"conf</filename> &configureindex; is a good guide for how it should look." -msgstr "" +"Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the " +"&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for " +"example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT " +"assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency " +"constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest " +"priority for installation. The APT preferences override the priorities that " +"APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the user control " +"over which one is selected for installation." +msgstr "" +"Quando il file &sources-list; contiene riferimenti a più di una " +"distribuzione, potrebbero essere disponibili per l'installazione diverse " +"versioni di un pacchetto (ad esempio <literal>stable</literal> e " +"<literal>testing</literal>). APT assegna una priorità a ciascuna versione " +"che è disponibile. Tenendo in considerazione i limiti imposti dalle " +"dipendenze, <command>apt-get</command> seleziona per l'installazione la " +"versione con la più alta priorità. Le preferenze di APT scavalcano le " +"priorità che APT assegna in modo predefinito alle versioni dei pacchetti, " +"dando perciò all'utente il controllo su quale venga selezionata per " +"l'installazione." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:106 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:54 msgid "" -"The names of the configuration items are not case-sensitive. So in the " -"previous example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>." +"Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the " +"&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this " +"case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in " +"the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences do not affect the choice of " +"instance, only the choice of version." msgstr "" +"Quando il file &sources-list; contiene riferimenti a più di una fonte, " +"potrebbero essere disponibili più istanze della stessa versione di un " +"pacchetto. In questo caso <command>apt-get</command> scarica l'istanza " +"elencata per prima nel file &sources-list;. Le preferenze di APT non hanno " +"effetto sulla scelta dell'istanza, ma solo sulla scelta della versione." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:109 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:61 msgid "" -"Names for the configuration items are optional if a list is defined as it " -"can be see in the <literal>DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal> example above. " -"If you don't specify a name a new entry will simply add a new option to the " -"list. If you specify a name you can override the option as every other " -"option by reassigning a new value to the option." -msgstr "" +"Preferences are a strong power in the hands of a system administrator but " +"they can become also their biggest nightmare if used without care! APT will " +"not question the preferences, so wrong settings can lead to uninstallable " +"packages or wrong decisions while upgrading packages. Even more problems " +"will arise if multiple distribution releases are mixed without a good " +"understanding of the following paragraphs. Packages included in a specific " +"release aren't tested in (and therefore don't always work as expected in) " +"older or newer releases, or together with other packages from different " +"releases. You have been warned." +msgstr "" +"Le preferenze sono uno strumento potente nelle mani di un amministratore di " +"sistema, ma possono anche diventare il suo incubo peggiore se usate con poca " +"cautela! APT non mette in dubbio le preferenze scelte, perciò impostazioni " +"sbagliate possono avere come risultato pacchetti non installabili o " +"decisioni sbagliate durante l'aggiornamento dei pacchetti. Se vengono " +"mescolati più rilasci di distribuzione può sorgere un numero ancora più " +"grande di problemi, se non si sono capiti bene i concetti spiegati nei " +"prossimi paragrafi. I pacchetti inclusi in uno specifico rilascio non sono " +"testati (e perciò non sempre funzionano come atteso) in rilasci più vecchi o " +"più nuovi, o insieme ad altri pacchetti da altri rilasci. Ci si consideri " +"avvertiti." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:114 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:72 msgid "" -"Two specials are allowed, <literal>#include</literal> (which is deprecated " -"and not supported by alternative implementations) and <literal>#clear</" -"literal>: <literal>#include</literal> will include the given file, unless " -"the filename ends in a slash, then the whole directory is included. " -"<literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of the configuration tree. " -"The specified element and all its descendants are erased. (Note that these " -"lines also need to end with a semicolon.)" +"Note that the files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d</filename> " +"directory are parsed in alphanumeric ascending order and need to obey the " +"following naming convention: The files have either no or \"<literal>pref</" +"literal>\" as filename extension and only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), " +"underscore (_) and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice " +"that it has ignored a file, unless that file matches a pattern in the " +"<literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in which " +"case it will be silently ignored." msgstr "" +"Notare che i file nella directory <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d</" +"filename> vengono analizzati in ordine alfanumerico crescente e i loro nomi " +"devono conformarsi alle seguenti convenzioni: non devono avere estensione o " +"avere estensione \"<literal>pref</literal>\", e possono contenere solo " +"caratteri alfanumerici, trattini (-), trattini bassi (_) e punti (.). In " +"caso contrario APT stampa un messaggio che informa che un file è stato " +"ignorato, a meno che tale file non corrisponda ad un modello nell'elenco di " +"configurazione <literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal>, nel qual caso " +"viene ignorato in modo silenzioso." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:122 -msgid "" -"The #clear command is the only way to delete a list or a complete scope. " -"Reopening a scope or the ::-style described below will <emphasis>not</" -"emphasis> override previously written entries. Only options can be " -"overridden by addressing a new value to it - lists and scopes can't be " -"overridden, only cleared." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:81 +msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments" +msgstr "Assegnazioni della priorità predefinite di APT" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:127 -msgid "" -"All of the APT tools take a -o option which allows an arbitrary " -"configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a " -"full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) " -"followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. To append a new " -"element to a list, add a trailing :: to the name of the list. (As you might " -"suspect: The scope syntax can't be used on the command line.)" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:96 +#, no-wrap +msgid "<command>apt-get install -t testing <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n" +msgstr "<command>apt-get install -t testing <replaceable>un-pacchetto</replaceable></command>\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:134 -msgid "" -"Note that you can use :: only for appending one item per line to a list and " -"that you should not use it in combination with the scope syntax. (The scope " -"syntax implicit insert ::) Using both syntaxes together will trigger a bug " -"which some users unfortunately depend on: An option with the unusual name " -"\"<literal>::</literal>\" which acts like every other option with a name. " -"These introduces many problems including that a user who writes multiple " -"lines in this <emphasis>wrong</emphasis> syntax in the hope to append to a " -"list will gain the opposite as only the last assignment for this option " -"\"<literal>::</literal>\" will be used. Upcoming APT versions will raise " -"errors and will stop working if they encounter this misuse, so please " -"correct such statements now as long as APT doesn't complain explicit about " -"them." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:99 +#, no-wrap +msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n" +msgstr "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:146 -msgid "The APT Group" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:83 +msgid "" +"If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that " +"applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version " +"is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is " +"possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which " +"receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The " +"target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or " +"in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note " +"that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the <filename>/" +"etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over " +"specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder type=" +"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" +"Se non c'è alcun file di preferenze o non c'è nel file una voce applicabile " +"ad una versione particolare, allora la priorità assegnata a quella versione " +"è la priorità della distribuzione a cui essa appartiene. È possibile " +"distinguere una distribuzione, il «rilascio obiettivo», che riceve in modo " +"predefinito una priorità maggiore delle altre distribuzioni. Il rilascio " +"obiettivo può essere impostato nella riga di comando di <command>apt-get</" +"command> o nel file di configurazione di APT, <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</" +"filename>. Notare che questa impostazione ha precedenza rispetto a qualsiasi " +"priorità generale sia stata impostata nel file <filename>/etc/apt/" +"preferences</filename> descritto in seguito, ma non rispetto a pacchetti per " +"cui è specificatamente indicato un pin. Per esempio, <placeholder type=" +"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"1\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:147 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:103 msgid "" -"This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the " -"options for all of the tools." +"If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following " +"algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign:" msgstr "" +"Se il rilascio obiettivo è stato specificato, allora APT usa il seguente " +"algoritmo per impostare le priorità delle versioni di un pacchetto. Assegna:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:152 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:108 +msgid "priority 1" +msgstr "priorità 1" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:109 msgid "" -"System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and " -"parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was " -"compiled for." +"to the versions coming from archives which in their <filename>Release</" +"filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" but <emphasis>not</" +"emphasis> as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the Debian " +"<literal>experimental</literal> archive." msgstr "" +"alle versioni che provengono da archivi che, nei loro file " +"<filename>Release</filename>, sono contrassegnati come «NotAutomatic: yes», " +"ma non come «ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes», come l'archivio Debian " +"<literal>experimental</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:158 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:115 +msgid "priority 100" +msgstr "priorità 100" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:116 msgid "" -"All Architectures the system supports. Processors implementing the " -"<literal>amd64</literal> (also called <literal>x86-64</literal>) instruction " -"set are e.g. also able to execute binaries compiled for the <literal>i386</" -"literal> (<literal>x86</literal>) instruction set; This list is use when " -"fetching files and parsing package lists. The internal default is always the " -"native architecture (<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>) and all foreign " -"architectures it can retrieve by calling <command>dpkg --print-foreign-" -"architectures</command>." +"to the version that is already installed (if any) and to the versions coming " +"from archives which in their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked " +"as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" and \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the Debian " +"backports archive since <literal>squeeze-backports</literal>." msgstr "" +"alla versione che è già installata (se esiste) e alla versioni che " +"provengono da archivi che, nei loro file <filename>Release</filename>, sono " +"contrassegnati come «NotAutomatic: yes» e «ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes», come " +"l'archivio Debian backports a partire da <literal>squeeze-backports</" +"literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:168 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:123 +msgid "priority 500" +msgstr "priorità 500" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:124 msgid "" -"Default release to install packages from if more than one version available. " -"Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: 'stable', " -"'testing', 'unstable', '&stable-codename;', '&testing-codename;', '4.0', " -"'5.0*'. See also &apt-preferences;." +"to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target " +"release." msgstr "" +"alle versioni che non sono installate e non appartengono al rilascio " +"obiettivo." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:174 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:128 +msgid "priority 990" +msgstr "priorità 990" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:129 msgid "" -"Ignore Held packages; This global option causes the problem resolver to " -"ignore held packages in its decision making." +"to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release." msgstr "" +"alle versioni che non sono installate e appartengono al rilascio obiettivo." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:179 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:134 msgid "" -"Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any " -"packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off " -"then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - " -"but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them." +"If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns " +"priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all " +"uninstalled package versions, except versions coming from archives which in " +"their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" " +"- these versions get the priority 1 or priority 100 if it is additionally " +"marked as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\"." msgstr "" +"Se il rilascio obiettivo non è stato specificato, allora APT assegna " +"semplicemente la priorità 100 a tutte le versioni di pacchetto installate e " +"la priorità 500 a tutte le versioni di pacchetto non installate, tranne le " +"versioni che provengono da archivi che, nei loro file <filename>Release</" +"filename>, sono contrassegnati come «NotAutomatic: yes»; queste ultime " +"versioni hanno priorità 1, oppure priorità 100 se sono in aggiunta " +"contrassegnate come «ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:186 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:141 msgid "" -"Defaults to on which will cause APT to install essential and important " -"packages as fast as possible in the install/upgrade operation. This is done " -"to limit the effect of a failing &dpkg; call: If this option is disabled APT " -"does treat an important package in the same way as an extra package: Between " -"the unpacking of the important package A and his configuration can then be " -"many other unpack or configuration calls, e.g. for package B which has no " -"relation to A, but causes the dpkg call to fail (e.g. because maintainer " -"script of package B generates an error) which results in a system state in " -"which package A is unpacked but unconfigured - each package depending on A " -"is now no longer guaranteed to work as their dependency on A is not longer " -"satisfied. The immediate configuration marker is also applied to all " -"dependencies which can generate a problem if the dependencies e.g. form a " -"circle as a dependency with the immediate flag is comparable with a Pre-" -"Dependency. So in theory it is possible that APT encounters a situation in " -"which it is unable to perform immediate configuration, errors out and refers " -"to this option so the user can deactivate the immediate configuration " -"temporarily to be able to perform an install/upgrade again. Note the use of " -"the word \"theory\" here as this problem was only encountered by now in real " -"world a few times in non-stable distribution versions and was caused by " -"wrong dependencies of the package in question or by a system in an already " -"broken state, so you should not blindly disable this option as the mentioned " -"scenario above is not the only problem immediate configuration can help to " -"prevent in the first place. Before a big operation like <literal>dist-" -"upgrade</literal> is run with this option disabled it should be tried to " -"explicitly <literal>install</literal> the package APT is unable to configure " -"immediately, but please make sure to report your problem also to your " -"distribution and to the APT team with the buglink below so they can work on " -"improving or correcting the upgrade process." +"APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to " +"determine which version of a package to install." msgstr "" +"Per determinare quale versione di un pacchetto installare APT applica poi le " +"seguenti regole, elencate in ordine di precedenza." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:209 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:144 msgid "" -"Never Enable this option unless you -really- know what you are doing. It " -"permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to break a Conflicts/" -"Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depend loop between two essential packages. SUCH " -"A LOOP SHOULD NEVER EXIST AND IS A GRAVE BUG. This option will work if the " -"essential packages are not tar, gzip, libc, dpkg, bash or anything that " -"those packages depend on." +"Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. " +"(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place " +"of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities " +"exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. " +"Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)" msgstr "" +"Non retrocede mai ad una versione più bassa, a meno che la priorità della " +"versione disponibile non sia maggiore di 1000. («Retrocedere» significa " +"installare una versione meno recente di un pacchetto al posto di una più " +"recente. Notare che nessuna delle priorità predefinite di APT è maggiore di " +"1000; priorità così alte possono solo essere impostate nel file delle " +"preferenze. Notare inoltre che retrocedere un pacchetto può essere " +"rischioso.)" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:218 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:150 +msgid "Install the highest priority version." +msgstr "Installa la versione con la priorità più alta." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:151 msgid "" -"APT uses since version 0.7.26 a resizable memory mapped cache file to store " -"the 'available' information. <literal>Cache-Start</literal> acts as a hint " -"to which size the Cache will grow and is therefore the amount of memory APT " -"will request at startup. The default value is 20971520 bytes (~20 MB). Note " -"that this amount of space needs to be available for APT otherwise it will " -"likely fail ungracefully, so for memory restricted devices this value should " -"be lowered while on systems with a lot of configured sources it should be " -"increased. <literal>Cache-Grow</literal> defines in bytes with the default " -"of 1048576 (~1 MB) how much the Cache size will be increased in the event " -"the space defined by <literal>Cache-Start</literal> is not enough. These " -"value will be applied again and again until either the cache is big enough " -"to store all information or the size of the cache reaches the <literal>Cache-" -"Limit</literal>. The default of <literal>Cache-Limit</literal> is 0 which " -"stands for no limit. If <literal>Cache-Grow</literal> is set to 0 the " -"automatic grow of the cache is disabled." +"If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one " +"(that is, the one with the higher version number)." msgstr "" +"Se due o più versioni hanno la stessa priorità, installa la versione più " +"recente (cioè quella con il numero di versione più alto)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:234 -msgid "Defines which package(s) are considered essential build dependencies." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:154 +msgid "" +"If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either " +"the packages differ in some of their metadata or the <literal>--reinstall</" +"literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one." msgstr "" +"Se due o più versioni hanno la stessa priorità e lo stesso numero di " +"versione, ma hanno una qualche differenza in alcuni dei loro metadati, " +"oppure viene usata l'opzione <literal>--reinstall</literal>, installa quella " +"non installata." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:238 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:160 msgid "" -"The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool, please see its documentation " -"for more information about the options here." +"In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) " +"is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in " +"the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be " +"upgraded when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</" +"replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed." msgstr "" +"In una situazione tipica, la versione installata di un pacchetto (priorità " +"100) non è così recente come una delle versioni disponibili dalle fonti " +"elencate nel file &sources-list; (priorità 500 o 990). Quindi il pacchetto " +"viene aggiornato quando viene eseguito <command>apt-get install " +"<replaceable>un-pacchetto</replaceable></command> o <command>apt-get " +"upgrade</command>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:243 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:167 msgid "" -"The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool, please see its " -"documentation for more information about the options here." +"More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> " +"recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be " +"downgraded when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</" +"replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed." msgstr "" +"Più raramente, la versione installata di un pacchetto è <emphasis>più</" +"emphasis> recente di qualsiasi altra versione disponibile. Il pacchetto non " +"viene retrocesso quando viene eseguito <command>apt-get install " +"<replaceable>un-pacchetto</replaceable></command> o <command>apt-get " +"upgrade</command>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:248 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:172 msgid "" -"The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool, please see its " -"documentation for more information about the options here." +"Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version " +"belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to " +"some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when " +"<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> " +"or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least " +"<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority " +"than the installed version." msgstr "" +"A volte la versione installata di un pacchetto è più recente di quella che " +"appartiene al rilascio obiettivo, ma non così recente come la versione che " +"appartiene a qualche altra distribuzione. Un tale pacchetto verrà di fatto " +"aggiornato quando viene eseguito <command>apt-get install <replaceable>un-" +"pacchetto</replaceable></command> o <command>apt-get upgrade</command>, " +"perché almeno <emphasis>una</emphasis> delle versioni disponibili ha una " +"priorità più alta di quella installata." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:254 -msgid "The Acquire Group" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:181 +msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences" +msgstr "L'effetto delle preferenze di APT" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:260 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:183 msgid "" -"Security related option defaulting to true as an expiring validation for a " -"Release file prevents longtime replay attacks and can e.g. also help users " -"to identify no longer updated mirrors - but the feature depends on the " -"correctness of the time on the user system. Archive maintainers are " -"encouraged to create Release files with the <literal>Valid-Until</literal> " -"header, but if they don't or a stricter value is volitional the following " -"<literal>Max-ValidTime</literal> option can be used." +"The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the " +"assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line " +"records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a " +"specific form and a general form." msgstr "" +"Il file delle preferenze di APT permette all'amministratore di sistema di " +"controllare l'assegnazione delle priorità. Il file consiste di uno o più " +"record su più righe, separati da righe vuote. I record possono avere una tra " +"due forme: una forma specifica e una forma generica." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:271 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:189 msgid "" -"Seconds the Release file should be considered valid after it was created " -"(indicated by the <literal>Date</literal> header). If the Release file " -"itself includes a <literal>Valid-Until</literal> header the earlier date of " -"the two is used as the expiration date. The default value is <literal>0</" -"literal> which stands for \"for ever valid\". Archive specific settings can " -"be made by appending the label of the archive to the option name." +"The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more " +"specified packages with a specified version or version range. For example, " +"the following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the " +"<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with " +"\"<literal>&good-perl;</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by " +"spaces." msgstr "" +"La forma specifica assegna una priorità (una «Pin-Priority») ad uno o più " +"pacchetti specifici con una versione o un intervallo di versioni specifici. " +"Ad esempio, il record seguente assegna una priorità alta a tutte le versioni " +"del pacchetto <filename>perl</filename> il cui numero di versione inizia con " +"«<literal>&good-perl;</literal>». Più pacchetti possono essere separati da " +"spazi." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:282 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:196 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"Minimum of seconds the Release file should be considered valid after it was " -"created (indicated by the <literal>Date</literal> header). Use this if you " -"need to use a seldomly updated (local) mirror of a more regular updated " -"archive with a <literal>Valid-Until</literal> header instead of completely " -"disabling the expiration date checking. Archive specific settings can and " -"should be used by appending the label of the archive to the option name." +"Package: perl\n" +"Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" +"Pin-Priority: 1001\n" msgstr "" +"Package: perl\n" +"Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" +"Pin-Priority: 1001\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:293 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:202 msgid "" -"Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for Packages or " -"Sources files instead of downloading whole ones. True by default." +"The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a " +"given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed " +"in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package " +"versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's " +"fully qualified domain name." msgstr "" +"La forma generica assegna una priorità a tutte le versioni di pacchetto in " +"una data distribuzione (cioè a tutte le versioni dei pacchetti che sono " +"elencati in un determinato file <filename>Release</filename>) o a tutte le " +"versioni di pacchetto che provengono da un particolare sito Internet " +"identificato in base al suo nome di dominio pienamente qualificato." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:296 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:208 msgid "" -"Two sub-options to limit the use of PDiffs are also available: With " -"<literal>FileLimit</literal> can be specified how many PDiff files are " -"downloaded at most to update a file. <literal>SizeLimit</literal> on the " -"other hand is the maximum percentage of the size of all patches compared to " -"the size of the targeted file. If one of these limits is exceeded the " -"complete file is downloaded instead of the patches." +"This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups " +"of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to " +"all package versions available from the local site." msgstr "" +"Queste voci in forma generica nel file di preferenze di APT si applicano " +"solo ai gruppi di pacchetti. Per esempio, il record seguente assegna una " +"priorità alta a tutte le versioni di pacchetto disponibili dal sito locale." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:306 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:213 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of <literal>host</" -"literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how APT parallelizes " -"outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that one connection per " -"target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> means that one " -"connection per URI type will be opened." +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: origin \"\"\n" +"Pin-Priority: 999\n" msgstr "" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: origin \"\"\n" +"Pin-Priority: 999\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:314 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:218 msgid "" -"Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed " -"files the given number of times." +"A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\" " +"which can be used to match a hostname. The following record will assign a " +"high priority to all versions available from the server identified by the " +"hostname \"ftp.de.debian.org\"" msgstr "" +"Un avvertimento: la parola chiave usata in questo caso è «<literal>origin</" +"literal>» e può essere usata per indicare un nome host. Il record seguente " +"assegna una priorità alta a tutte le versioni disponibili dal server " +"identificato dal nome host «ftp.de.debian.org»" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:319 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:222 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will " -"be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default." +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: origin \"ftp.de.debian.org\"\n" +"Pin-Priority: 999\n" msgstr "" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: origin \"ftp.de.debian.org\"\n" +"Pin-Priority: 999\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:324 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:226 msgid "" -"HTTP URIs; http::Proxy is the default http proxy to use. It is in the " -"standard form of <literal>http://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per " -"host proxies can also be specified by using the form <literal>http::Proxy::" -"<host></literal> with the special keyword <literal>DIRECT</literal> " -"meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above settings is specified, " -"<envar>http_proxy</envar> environment variable will be used." +"This should <emphasis>not</emphasis> be confused with the Origin of a " +"distribution as specified in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What " +"follows the \"Origin:\" tag in a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an " +"Internet address but an author or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or \"Ximian" +"\"." msgstr "" +"Questo <emphasis>non</emphasis> deve essere confuso con l'Origine di una " +"distribuzione come indicata in un file <filename>Release</filename>. Ciò che " +"segue il tag «Origin:» in un file <filename>Release</filename> non è un " +"indirizzo Internet, ma un nome di autore o produttore, come «Debian» o " +"«Ximian»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:332 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:231 msgid "" -"Three settings are provided for cache control with HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy " -"caches. <literal>No-Cache</literal> tells the proxy to not use its cached " -"response under any circumstances, <literal>Max-Age</literal> is sent only " -"for index files and tells the cache to refresh its object if it is older " -"than the given number of seconds. Debian updates its index files daily so " -"the default is 1 day. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifies that the cache " -"should never store this request, it is only set for archive files. This may " -"be useful to prevent polluting a proxy cache with very large .deb files. " -"Note: Squid 2.0.2 does not support any of these options." +"The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions " +"belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is \"<literal>unstable</" +"literal>\"." msgstr "" +"Il record seguente assegna una priorità bassa a tutte le versioni di " +"pacchetto che appartengono ad una qualsiasi distribuzione il cui nome di " +"archivio è «<literal>unstable</literal>»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:342 apt.conf.5.xml:408 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:235 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the " -"method, this applies to all things including connection timeout and data " -"timeout." +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=unstable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 50\n" msgstr "" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=unstable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 50\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:345 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:240 msgid "" -"The setting <literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be used to " -"enabled HTTP pipeling (RFC 2616 section 8.1.2.2) which can be beneficial e." -"g. on high-latency connections. It specifies how many requests are send in a " -"pipeline. Previous APT versions had a default of 10 for this setting, but " -"the default value is now 0 (= disabled) to avoid problems with the ever-" -"growing amount of webservers and proxies which choose to not conform to the " -"HTTP/1.1 specification." +"The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " +"belonging to any distribution whose Codename is \"<literal>&testing-codename;" +"</literal>\"." msgstr "" +"Il record seguente assegna una priorità alta a tutte le versioni di " +"pacchetto che appartengono ad una qualsiasi distribuzione il cui nome in " +"codice è «<literal>&testing-codename;</literal>»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:352 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:244 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"<literal>Acquire::http::AllowRedirect</literal> controls if APT will follow " -"redirects, which is enabled by default." +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" msgstr "" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:355 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:249 msgid "" -"The used bandwidth can be limited with <literal>Acquire::http::Dl-Limit</" -"literal> which accepts integer values in kilobyte. The default value is 0 " -"which deactivates the limit and tries uses as much as possible of the " -"bandwidth (Note that this option implicit deactivates the download from " -"multiple servers at the same time.)" +"The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " +"belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" " +"and whose release Version number is \"<literal>&stable-version;</literal>\"." msgstr "" +"Il record seguente assegna una priorità alta a tutte le versioni di " +"pacchetto che appartengono ad un qualsiasi rilascio il cui nome di archivio " +"è «<literal>stable</literal>» e il cui numero di versione del rilascio è " +"«<literal>&stable-version;</literal>»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:360 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:254 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"<literal>Acquire::http::User-Agent</literal> can be used to set a different " -"User-Agent for the http download method as some proxies allow access for " -"clients only if the client uses a known identifier." +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=stable, v=&stable-version;\n" +"Pin-Priority: 500\n" msgstr "" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=stable, v=&stable-version;\n" +"Pin-Priority: 500\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:367 -msgid "" -"HTTPS URIs. Cache-control, Timeout, AllowRedirect, Dl-Limit and proxy " -"options are the same as for <literal>http</literal> method and will also " -"default to the options from the <literal>http</literal> method if they are " -"not explicitly set for https. <literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> option is " -"not supported yet." -msgstr "" +# &glob; è rimpiazzato da "glob(7)" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:264 +msgid "Regular expressions and &glob; syntax" +msgstr "Sintassi per le espressioni regolari e &glob;" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:373 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:266 msgid "" -"<literal>CaInfo</literal> suboption specifies place of file that holds info " -"about trusted certificates. <literal><host>::CaInfo</literal> is " -"corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> boolean " -"suboption determines whether verify server's host certificate against " -"trusted certificates or not. <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</literal> " -"is corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Host</literal> boolean " -"suboption determines whether verify server's hostname or not. <literal><" -"host>::Verify-Host</literal> is corresponding per-host option. " -"<literal>SslCert</literal> determines what certificate to use for client " -"authentication. <literal><host>::SslCert</literal> is corresponding " -"per-host option. <literal>SslKey</literal> determines what private key to " -"use for client authentication. <literal><host>::SslKey</literal> is " -"corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslForceVersion</literal> overrides " -"default SSL version to use. Can contain 'TLSv1' or 'SSLv3' string. " -"<literal><host>::SslForceVersion</literal> is corresponding per-host " -"option." +"APT also supports pinning by &glob; expressions, and regular expressions " +"surrounded by slashes. For example, the following example assigns the " +"priority 500 to all packages from experimental where the name starts with " +"gnome (as a &glob;-like expression) or contains the word kde (as a POSIX " +"extended regular expression surrounded by slashes)." msgstr "" +"APT permette anche di impostare priorità di pin usando espressioni &glob; ed " +"espressioni regolari racchiuse tra sbarre («/»). L'esempio seguente assegna, " +"ad esempio, la priorità 500 a tutti i pacchetti da experimental il cui nome " +"inizia con gnome (indicato con un'espressione in stile &glob;) oppure " +"contiene la parola kde (indicato in forma di espressione regolare estesa " +"POSIX racchiusa tra sbarre)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:392 -msgid "" -"FTP URIs; ftp::Proxy is the default ftp proxy to use. It is in the standard " -"form of <literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per host " -"proxies can also be specified by using the form <literal>ftp::Proxy::<" -"host></literal> with the special keyword <literal>DIRECT</literal> " -"meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above settings is specified, " -"<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable will be used. To use a ftp " -"proxy you will have to set the <literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> script in " -"the configuration file. This entry specifies the commands to send to tell " -"the proxy server what to connect to. Please see &configureindex; for an " -"example of how to do this. The substitution variables available are <literal>" -"$(PROXY_USER)</literal> <literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal> <literal>" -"$(SITE_USER)</literal> <literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal> <literal>$(SITE)</" -"literal> and <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal> Each is taken from it's " -"respective URI component." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:275 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"Package: gnome* /kde/\n" +"Pin: release n=experimental\n" +"Pin-Priority: 500\n" msgstr "" +"Package: gnome* /kde/\n" +"Pin: release n=experimental\n" +"Pin-Priority: 500\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:411 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:281 msgid "" -"Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe " -"to leave passive mode on, it works in nearly every environment. However " -"some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode ftp used " -"instead. This can be done globally, for connections that go through a proxy " -"or for a specific host (See the sample config file for examples)." +"The rule for those expressions is that they can occur anywhere where a " +"string can occur. Thus, the following pin assigns the priority 990 to all " +"packages from a release starting with &ubuntu-codename;." msgstr "" +"Di norma queste espressioni possono essere utilizzate ovunque c'è una " +"stringa. Perciò il pin seguente assegna la priorità 990 a tutti i pacchetti " +"provenienti da un rilascio il cui nome inizia con &ubuntu-codename;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:418 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:287 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the <envar>ftp_proxy</" -"envar> environment variable to a http url - see the discussion of the http " -"method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the configuration file and " -"it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its low efficiency." +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=&ubuntu-codename;*\n" +"Pin-Priority: 990\n" msgstr "" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=&ubuntu-codename;*\n" +"Pin-Priority: 990\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:423 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:293 msgid "" -"The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 " -"<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is " -"false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is " -"IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note " -"that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428." +"If a regular expression occurs in a <literal>Package</literal> field, the " +"behavior is the same as if this regular expression were replaced with a list " +"of all package names it matches. It is undecided whether this will change in " +"the future; thus you should always list wild-card pins first, so later " +"specific pins override it. The pattern \"<literal>*</literal>\" in a " +"Package field is not considered a &glob; expression in itself." msgstr "" +"Se un'espressione regolare viene usata in un campo <literal>Package</" +"literal>, il comportamento è equivalente a quello che si otterrebbe se " +"l'espressione regolare fosse sostituita da un elenco di tutti i nomi di " +"pacchetto a cui corrisponde. Non è chiaro se questo comportamento verrà " +"modificato in futuro; perciò si dovrebbero sempre indicare per primi i pin " +"con caratteri jolly, in modo che i pin specifici successivi abbiano " +"precedenza su di essi. Il modello «<literal>*</literal>» in un campo Package " +"non viene considerato come un'espressione &glob;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:436 -#, no-wrap -msgid "/cdrom/::Mount \"foo\";" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:309 +msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities" +msgstr "Come APT interpreta le priorità" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:431 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:312 msgid "" -"CDROM URIs; the only setting for CDROM URIs is the mount point, " -"<literal>cdrom::Mount</literal> which must be the mount point for the CDROM " -"drive as specified in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to " -"provide alternate mount and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be " -"listed in the fstab (such as an SMB mount and old mount packages). The " -"syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the " -"cdrom block. It is important to have the trailing slash. Unmount commands " -"can be specified using UMount." +"Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or " +"negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking):" msgstr "" +"Le priorità (P) assegnate nel file delle preferenze di APT devono essere " +"rappresentate da interi positivi o negativi. Vengono interpretate nel modo " +"seguente (semplificando le cose):" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:442 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:317 +msgid "P >= 1000" +msgstr "P >= 1000" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:318 msgid "" -"GPGV URIs; the only option for GPGV URIs is the option to pass additional " -"parameters to gpgv. <literal>gpgv::Options</literal> Additional options " -"passed to gpgv." +"causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the " +"package" msgstr "" +"causa l'installazione di una versione anche se ciò costituisce una " +"retrocessione del pacchetto" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:453 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>FileExtension</replaceable> \"<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable>\";" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:322 +msgid "990 <= P < 1000" +msgstr "990 <= P < 1000" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:448 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:323 msgid "" -"List of compression types which are understood by the acquire methods. " -"Files like <filename>Packages</filename> can be available in various " -"compression formats. Per default the acquire methods can decompress " -"<command>bzip2</command>, <command>lzma</command> and <command>gzip</" -"command> compressed files, with this setting more formats can be added on " -"the fly or the used method can be changed. The syntax for this is: " -"<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>" +"causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target " +"release, unless the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" +"causa l'installazione di una versione anche se non proviene dal rilascio " +"obiettivo, a meno che la versione installata non sia più recente" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:458 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:461 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"lzma\"; \"gz\"; };" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:328 +msgid "500 <= P < 990" +msgstr "500 <= P < 990" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:454 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:329 msgid "" -"Also the <literal>Order</literal> subgroup can be used to define in which " -"order the acquire system will try to download the compressed files. The " -"acquire system will try the first and proceed with the next compression type " -"in this list on error, so to prefer one over the other type simple add the " -"preferred type at first - not already added default types will be added at " -"run time to the end of the list, so e.g. <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=" -"\"0\"/> can be used to prefer <command>gzip</command> compressed files over " -"<command>bzip2</command> and <command>lzma</command>. If <command>lzma</" -"command> should be preferred over <command>gzip</command> and " -"<command>bzip2</command> the configure setting should look like this " -"<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"1\"/> It is not needed to add " -"<literal>bz2</literal> explicit to the list as it will be added automatic." +"causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " +"belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" +"causa l'installazione di una versione, a meno che non ci sia una versione " +"disponibile appartenente al rilascio obiettivo o la versione installata non " +"sia più recente" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:465 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:334 +msgid "100 <= P < 500" +msgstr "100 <= P < 500" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:463 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:335 msgid "" -"Note that at run time the <literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>Methodname</" -"replaceable></literal> will be checked: If this setting exists the method " -"will only be used if this file exists, e.g. for the bzip2 method (the " -"inbuilt) setting is: <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> Note " -"also that list entries specified on the command line will be added at the " -"end of the list specified in the configuration files, but before the default " -"entries. To prefer a type in this case over the ones specified in the " -"configuration files you can set the option direct - not in list style. This " -"will not override the defined list, it will only prefix the list with this " -"type." +"causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " +"belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" +"causa l'installazione di una versione, a meno che non ci sia una versione " +"disponibile appartenente ad una qualche altra distribuzione o la versione " +"installata non sia più recente" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:470 -msgid "" -"The special type <literal>uncompressed</literal> can be used to give " -"uncompressed files a preference, but note that most archives don't provide " -"uncompressed files so this is mostly only useable for local mirrors." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:340 +msgid "0 < P < 100" +msgstr "0 < P < 100" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:477 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:341 msgid "" -"When downloading <literal>gzip</literal> compressed indexes (Packages, " -"Sources, or Translations), keep them gzip compressed locally instead of " -"unpacking them. This saves quite a lot of disk space at the expense of more " -"CPU requirements when building the local package caches. False by default." +"causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of " +"the package" msgstr "" +"causa l'installazione di una versione solo se nessuna versione del pacchetto " +"è installata" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:485 -msgid "" -"The Languages subsection controls which <filename>Translation</filename> " -"files are downloaded and in which order APT tries to display the Description-" -"Translations. APT will try to display the first available Description in the " -"Language which is listed at first. Languages can be defined with their short " -"or long Languagecodes. Note that not all archives provide " -"<filename>Translation</filename> files for every Language - especially the " -"long Languagecodes are rare, so please inform you which ones are available " -"before you set here impossible values." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:345 +msgid "P < 0" +msgstr "P < 0" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><programlisting> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:501 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Acquire::Languages { \"environment\"; \"de\"; \"en\"; \"none\"; \"fr\"; };" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:346 +msgid "prevents the version from being installed" +msgstr "impedisce l'installazione della versione" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:491 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:351 msgid "" -"The default list includes \"environment\" and \"en\". " -"\"<literal>environment</literal>\" has a special meaning here: It will be " -"replaced at runtime with the languagecodes extracted from the " -"<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> environment variable. It will also ensure " -"that these codes are not included twice in the list. If " -"<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> is set to \"C\" only the " -"<filename>Translation-en</filename> file (if available) will be used. To " -"force apt to use no Translation file use the setting <literal>Acquire::" -"Languages=none</literal>. \"<literal>none</literal>\" is another special " -"meaning code which will stop the search for a fitting <filename>Translation</" -"filename> file. This can be used by the system administrator to let APT " -"know that it should download also this files without actually use them if " -"the environment doesn't specify this languages. So the following example " -"configuration will result in the order \"en, de\" in an english and in \"de, " -"en\" in a german localization. Note that \"fr\" is downloaded, but not used " -"if APT is not used in a french localization, in such an environment the " -"order would be \"fr, de, en\". <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=" -"\"0\"/>" +"If any specific-form records match an available package version then the " +"first such record determines the priority of the package version. Failing " +"that, if any general-form records match an available package version then " +"the first such record determines the priority of the package version." msgstr "" +"Se almeno un record in forma specifica corrisponde ad una versione di " +"pacchetto disponibile, allora il primo di questi record determina la " +"priorità della versione del pacchetto. In caso contrario, se almeno un " +"record in forma generica corrisponde ad una versione di pacchetto " +"disponibile, allora il primo di questi record determina la priorità della " +"versione del pacchetto." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:502 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:357 msgid "" -"Note: To prevent problems resulting from APT being executed in different " -"environments (e.g. by different users or by other programs) all Translation " -"files which are found in <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists/</filename> will be " -"added to the end of the list (after an implicit \"<literal>none</literal>\")." +"For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records " +"presented earlier:" msgstr "" +"Per esempio, supponendo che il file di preferenze di APT contenga i tre " +"record descritti in precedenza:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:255 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:361 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of " -"packages and the URI handlers. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Package: perl\n" +"Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" +"Pin-Priority: 1001\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: origin \"\"\n" +"Pin-Priority: 999\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release unstable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 50\n" msgstr "" +"Package: perl\n" +"Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" +"Pin-Priority: 1001\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: origin \"\"\n" +"Pin-Priority: 999\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release unstable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 50\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:513 -msgid "Directories" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:374 +msgid "Then:" +msgstr "Allora:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:515 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:376 msgid "" -"The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to " -"local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place " -"downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the " -"dpkg status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT " -"<filename>preferences</filename> file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> " -"contains the default directory to prefix on all sub items if they do not " -"start with <filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>." +"The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package " +"will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with " +"\"<literal>&good-perl;</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> &good-perl;" +"* version of <literal>perl</literal> is available and the installed version " +"is &bad-perl;*, then <literal>perl</literal> will be downgraded." msgstr "" +"Verrà installata la più recente versione disponibile del pacchetto " +"<literal>perl</literal>, fintanto che il suo numero di versione inizia con " +"«<literal>&good-perl;</literal>». Se è disponibile <emphasis>una qualsiasi</" +"emphasis> versione &good-perl;* di <literal>perl</literal> e la versione " +"installata è &bad-perl;*, allora <literal>perl</literal> verrà retrocesso." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:522 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:381 msgid "" -"<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache " -"information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> " -"and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded " -"archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can " -"be turned off by setting their names to be blank. This will slow down " -"startup but save disk space. It is probably preferred to turn off the " -"pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the " -"default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>" +"A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is " +"available from the local system has priority over other versions, even " +"versions belonging to the target release." msgstr "" +"Una versione di un qualsiasi pacchetto diverso da <literal>perl</literal> " +"che sia disponibile sul sistema locale ha la priorità rispetto ad altre " +"versioni, incluse quelle che appartengono al rilascio obiettivo." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:531 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:385 msgid "" -"<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, " -"<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and " -"<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no " -"effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by " -"<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)." +"A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other " +"site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an <literal>unstable</" +"literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected for installation " +"and no version of the package is already installed." msgstr "" +"Una versione di un pacchetto la cui origine non sia il sistema locale, ma un " +"qualche altro sito elencato in &sources-list; e che appartiene ad una " +"distribuzione <literal>unstable</literal>, viene installata solamente se è " +"selezionata per l'installazione e nessuna versione del pacchetto è già " +"installata." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:537 -msgid "" -"The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments " -"in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the " -"main config file is loaded." +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:395 +msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties" msgstr "" +"Determinazione delle proprietà di versione del pacchetto e di distribuzione" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:541 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:397 msgid "" -"Binary programs are pointed to by <literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::" -"Bin::Methods</literal> specifies the location of the method handlers and " -"<literal>gzip</literal>, <literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, " -"<literal>dpkg</literal>, <literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</" -"literal> <literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</" -"literal> specify the location of the respective programs." +"The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide " +"<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to " +"describe the packages available at that location." msgstr "" +"Le posizioni elencate nel file &sources-list; dovrebbero fornire i file " +"<filename>Packages</filename> e <filename>Release</filename> che descrivono " +"i pacchetti disponibili in quelle posizioni." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:549 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:401 msgid "" -"The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If " -"set, all paths in <literal>Dir::</literal> will be relative to " -"<literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>even paths that are specified " -"absolutely</emphasis>. So, for instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is " -"set to <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and <literal>Dir::State::status</" -"literal> is set to <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the " -"status file will be looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</" -"filename>." +"The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory " +"<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/" +"<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></" +"filename>: for example, <filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/" +"Packages</filename>. It consists of a series of multi-line records, one for " +"each package available in that directory. Only two lines in each record are " +"relevant for setting APT priorities:" msgstr "" +"Il file <filename>Packages</filename> si trova normalmente nella directory " +"<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>nome-dist</replaceable>/" +"<replaceable>componente</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></" +"filename>: per esempio, <filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/" +"Packages</filename>. È costituito da una serie di record su più righe, uno " +"per ogni pacchetto disponibile in tale directory. In ciascun record solo due " +"righe sono rilevanti per l'impostazione delle priorità di APT:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:562 -msgid "" -"The <literal>Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> list can be used to specify " -"which files APT should silently ignore while parsing the files in the " -"fragment directories. Per default a file which end with <literal>.disabled</" -"literal>, <literal>~</literal>, <literal>.bak</literal> or <literal>.dpkg-[a-" -"z]+</literal> is silently ignored. As seen in the last default value these " -"patterns can use regular expression syntax." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:409 +msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line" +msgstr "la riga <literal>Package:</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:571 -#, fuzzy -msgid "APT in DSelect" -msgstr "DSelect" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:410 +msgid "gives the package name" +msgstr "indica il nome del pacchetto" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:573 -msgid "" -"When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives " -"control the default behaviour. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> " -"section." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:413 apt_preferences.5.xml:463 +msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line" +msgstr "la riga <literal>Version:</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:578 -msgid "" -"Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of always, prompt, auto, pre-auto " -"and never. always and prompt will remove all packages from the cache after " -"upgrading, prompt (the default) does so conditionally. auto removes only " -"those packages which are no longer downloadable (replaced with a new version " -"for instance). pre-auto performs this action before downloading new " -"packages." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:414 +msgid "gives the version number for the named package" +msgstr "indica il numero di versione per il pacchetto indicato" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:587 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:419 msgid "" -"The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options " -"when it is run for the install phase." -msgstr "" +"The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory " +"<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for " +"example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or <filename>.../" +"dists/&stable-codename;/Release</filename>. It consists of a single multi-" +"line record which applies to <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages in the " +"directory tree below its parent. Unlike the <filename>Packages</filename> " +"file, nearly all of the lines in a <filename>Release</filename> file are " +"relevant for setting APT priorities:" +msgstr "" +"Il file <filename>Release</filename> si trova normalmente nella directory " +"<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>nome-dist</replaceable></filename>: ad " +"esempio, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename> o <filename>.../dists/" +"&stable-codename;/Release</filename>. Consiste di un record su più righe che " +"si applica a <emphasis>tutti</emphasis> i pacchetti nell'albero di directory " +"sottostante alla directory genitrice. A differenza di ciò che avviene per il " +"file <filename>Packages</filename>, quasi tutte le righe in un file " +"<filename>Release</filename> sono importanti per l'impostazione delle " +"priorità di APT:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:592 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:430 +msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line" +msgstr "la riga <literal>Archive:</literal> o <literal>Suite:</literal>" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:431 msgid "" -"The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options " -"when it is run for the update phase." +"names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " +"For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies " +"that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " +"<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> " +"archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require " +"the line:" msgstr "" +"indica l'archivio a cui appartengono tutti i pacchetti nell'albero di " +"directory. Per esempio, la riga «Archive: stable» o «Suite: stable» " +"specifica che tutti i pacchetti nell'albero di directory sottostante la " +"directory che contiene il file <filename>Release</filename> sono " +"nell'archivio <literal>stable</literal>. Per specificare questo valore nelle " +"preferenze di APT si deve usare la riga:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:597 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:441 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n" +msgstr "Pin: release a=stable\n" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:447 +msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line" +msgstr "la riga <literal>Codename:</literal>" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:448 msgid "" -"If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. " -"The default is to prompt only on error." +"names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " +"For example, the line \"Codename: &testing-codename;\" specifies that all of " +"the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " +"<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named " +"<literal>&testing-codename;</literal>. Specifying this value in the APT " +"preferences file would require the line:" msgstr "" +"indica il nome in codice a cui appartengono tutti i pacchetti nell'albero di " +"directory. Per esempio, la riga «Codename: &testing-codename;» specifica che " +"tutti i pacchetti nell'albero di directory sottostante la directory che " +"contiene il file <filename>Release</filename> appartengono ad una versione " +"chiamata <literal>&testing-codename;</literal>. Per specificare questo " +"valore nelle preferenze di APT si deve usare la riga:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:603 -msgid "How APT calls dpkg" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:457 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" +msgstr "Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:604 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:464 msgid "" -"Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are " -"in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section." -msgstr "" +"names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might " +"belong to Debian release version &stable-version;. Note that there is " +"normally no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and " +"<literal>unstable</literal> distributions because they have not been " +"released yet. Specifying this in the APT preferences file would require one " +"of the following lines." +msgstr "" +"indica la versione del rilascio. Per esempio, i pacchetti nell'albero " +"potrebbero appartenere alla versione &stable-version; del rilascio Debian. " +"Notare che normalmente non esiste un numero di versione per le distribuzioni " +"<literal>testing</literal> e <literal>unstable</literal>, perché non sono " +"ancora state rilasciate. Per specificare questo valore nelle preferenze di " +"APT si deve usare una delle seguenti righe:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:609 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:473 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"This is a list of options to pass to dpkg. The options must be specified " -"using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to " -"&dpkg;." +"Pin: release v=&stable-version;\n" +"Pin: release a=stable, v=&stable-version;\n" +"Pin: release &stable-version;\n" msgstr "" +"Pin: release v=&stable-version;\n" +"Pin: release a=stable, v=&stable-version;\n" +"Pin: release &stable-version;\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:615 -msgid "" -"This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like " -"<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " -"commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any " -"fail APT will abort." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:622 -msgid "" -"This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking dpkg. Like " -"<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " -"commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any " -"fail APT will abort. APT will pass to the commands on standard input the " -"filenames of all .deb files it is going to install, one per line." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:628 -msgid "" -"Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol " -"version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions " -"being changed. Version 2 is enabled by setting <literal>DPkg::Tools::" -"options::cmd::Version</literal> to 2. <literal>cmd</literal> is a command " -"given to <literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:636 -msgid "" -"APT chdirs to this directory before invoking dpkg, the default is <filename>/" -"</filename>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:641 -msgid "" -"These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages, the " -"default is to disable signing and produce all binaries." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:646 -msgid "dpkg trigger usage (and related options)" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:482 +msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line" +msgstr "la riga<literal>Component:</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:647 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:483 msgid "" -"APT can call dpkg in a way so it can make aggressive use of triggers over " -"multiple calls of dpkg. Without further options dpkg will use triggers only " -"in between his own run. Activating these options can therefore decrease the " -"time needed to perform the install / upgrade. Note that it is intended to " -"activate these options per default in the future, but as it changes the way " -"APT calling dpkg drastically it needs a lot more testing. <emphasis>These " -"options are therefore currently experimental and should not be used in " -"productive environments.</emphasis> Also it breaks the progress reporting so " -"all frontends will currently stay around half (or more) of the time in the " -"100% state while it actually configures all packages." +"names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory " +"tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line " +"\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree " +"are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are " +"licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. " +"Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the line:" msgstr "" +"indica le componenti con le varie licenze associate ai pacchetti nell'albero " +"di directory del file <filename>Release</filename>. Per esempio, la riga " +"«Component: main» specifica che tutti i pacchetti nell'albero di directory " +"provengono dalla componente <literal>main</literal>, e quindi che sono " +"rilasciati nei termini elencati nelle Linee guida per il Software Libero di " +"Debian. Per specificare questa componente nelle preferenze di APT si deve " +"usare la riga:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><literallayout> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:662 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:492 #, no-wrap -msgid "" -"DPkg::NoTriggers \"true\";\n" -"PackageManager::Configure \"smart\";\n" -"DPkg::ConfigurePending \"true\";\n" -"DPkg::TriggersPending \"true\";" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:656 -msgid "" -"Note that it is not guaranteed that APT will support these options or that " -"these options will not cause (big) trouble in the future. If you have " -"understand the current risks and problems with these options, but are brave " -"enough to help testing them create a new configuration file and test a " -"combination of options. Please report any bugs, problems and improvements " -"you encounter and make sure to note which options you have used in your " -"reports. Asking dpkg for help could also be useful for debugging proposes, " -"see e.g. <command>dpkg --audit</command>. A defensive option combination " -"would be <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:669 -msgid "" -"Add the no triggers flag to all dpkg calls (except the ConfigurePending " -"call). See &dpkg; if you are interested in what this actually means. In " -"short: dpkg will not run the triggers when this flag is present unless it is " -"explicitly called to do so in an extra call. Note that this option exists " -"(undocumented) also in older apt versions with a slightly different meaning: " -"Previously these option only append --no-triggers to the configure calls to " -"dpkg - now apt will add these flag also to the unpack and remove calls." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:677 -msgid "" -"Valid values are \"<literal>all</literal>\", \"<literal>smart</literal>\" " -"and \"<literal>no</literal>\". \"<literal>all</literal>\" is the default " -"value and causes APT to configure all packages explicit. The " -"\"<literal>smart</literal>\" way is it to configure only packages which need " -"to be configured before another package can be unpacked (Pre-Depends) and " -"let the rest configure by dpkg with a call generated by the next option. " -"\"<literal>no</literal>\" on the other hand will not configure anything and " -"totally rely on dpkg for configuration (which will at the moment fail if a " -"Pre-Depends is encountered). Setting this option to another than the all " -"value will implicitly activate also the next option per default as otherwise " -"the system could end in an unconfigured status which could be unbootable!" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:688 -msgid "" -"If this option is set apt will call <command>dpkg --configure --pending</" -"command> to let dpkg handle all required configurations and triggers. This " -"option is activated automatic per default if the previous option is not set " -"to <literal>all</literal>, but deactivating could be useful if you want to " -"run APT multiple times in a row - e.g. in an installer. In these sceneries " -"you could deactivate this option in all but the last run." -msgstr "" +msgid "Pin: release c=main\n" +msgstr "Pin: release c=main\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:695 -msgid "" -"Useful for <literal>smart</literal> configuration as a package which has " -"pending triggers is not considered as <literal>installed</literal> and dpkg " -"treats them as <literal>unpacked</literal> currently which is a dealbreaker " -"for Pre-Dependencies (see debbugs #526774). Note that this will process all " -"triggers, not only the triggers needed to configure this package." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:498 +msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line" +msgstr "la riga <literal>Origin:</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:701 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:499 msgid "" -"As the configuration can be deferred to be done at the end by dpkg it can be " -"tried to order the unpack series only by critical needs, e.g. by Pre-" -"Depends. Default is true and therefore the \"old\" method of ordering in " -"various steps by everything. While both method were present in earlier APT " -"versions the <literal>OrderCritical</literal> method was unused, so this " -"method is very experimental and needs further improvements before becoming " -"really useful." +"names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the " +"<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is <literal>Debian</" +"literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences file would require " +"the line:" msgstr "" +"indica l'origine dei pacchetti nell'albero di directory del file " +"<filename>Release</filename>. Normalmente è <literal>Debian</literal>. Per " +"specificare questa origine nelle preferenze di APT si deve usare la riga:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:716 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:505 #, no-wrap -msgid "" -"OrderList::Score {\n" -"\tDelete 500;\n" -"\tEssential 200;\n" -"\tImmediate 10;\n" -"\tPreDepends 50;\n" -"};" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:709 -msgid "" -"Essential packages (and there dependencies) should be configured immediately " -"after unpacking. It will be a good idea to do this quite early in the " -"upgrade process as these these configure calls require currently also " -"<literal>DPkg::TriggersPending</literal> which will run quite a few triggers " -"(which maybe not needed). Essentials get per default a high score but the " -"immediate flag is relatively low (a package which has a Pre-Depends is " -"higher rated). These option and the others in the same group can be used to " -"change the scoring. The following example shows the settings with there " -"default values. <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:729 -msgid "Periodic and Archives options" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:730 -msgid "" -"<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups " -"of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by " -"<literal>/etc/cron.daily/apt</literal> script. See header of this script for " -"the brief documentation of these options." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:738 -msgid "Debug options" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:740 -msgid "" -"Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause " -"debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program " -"utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program " -"modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of <literal>apt</" -"literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a normal user, but a " -"few may be:" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:751 -msgid "" -"<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the " -"decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, purge</" -"literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:759 -msgid "" -"<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be " -"used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s install</" -"literal>) as a non-root user." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:768 -msgid "" -"<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each " -"time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;." -msgstr "" - -#. TODO: provide a -#. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want -#. to do this. -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:776 -msgid "" -"<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data " -"in CDROM IDs." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:786 -msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:795 -msgid "" -"Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:806 -msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:817 -msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:828 -msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:839 -msgid "" -"Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using " -"<literal>gpg</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:850 -msgid "" -"Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages " -"stored on CD-ROMs." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:860 -msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:870 -msgid "" -"Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the <literal>apt</" -"literal> libraries." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:880 -msgid "" -"Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number " -"of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for " -"a CD-ROM." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:891 -msgid "" -"Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of " -"<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:903 -msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:913 -msgid "" -"Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and " -"cryptographic signatures of downloaded files." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:923 -msgid "" -"Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, " -"and errors relating to package index list diffs." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:935 -msgid "" -"Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading " -"index diffs instead of full indices." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:946 -msgid "" -"Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:957 -msgid "" -"Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to " -"the removal of unused packages." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:967 -msgid "" -"Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically " -"installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial auto-" -"install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, and not " -"to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see <literal>Debug::" -"pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:981 -msgid "" -"Generate debug messages describing which package is marked as keep/install/" -"remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition or deletion " -"may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two additional space " -"under the original entry. The format for each line is <literal>MarkKeep</" -"literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or <literal>MarkInstall</literal> " -"followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c -> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)" -"</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> is the current version of the " -"package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the version considered for installation " -"and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer version, but not considered for " -"installation (because of a low pin score). The later two can be omitted if " -"there is none or if it is the same version as the installed. " -"<literal>section</literal> is the name of the section the package appears in." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1003 -msgid "Dump the default configuration to standard error on startup." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1013 -msgid "" -"When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being " -"invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1024 -msgid "" -"Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and " -"any errors encountered while parsing it." -msgstr "" +msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n" +msgstr "Pin: release o=Debian\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1035 -msgid "" -"Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which " -"<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:511 +msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line" +msgstr "la riga <literal>Label:</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1047 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:512 msgid "" -"Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1058 -msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup." +"names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the " +"<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is <literal>Debian</" +"literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences file would require " +"the line:" msgstr "" +"indica l'etichetta dei pacchetti nell'albero di directory del file " +"<filename>Release</filename>. Normalmente è <literal>Debian</literal>. Per " +"specificare questa etichetta nelle preferenze di APT si deve usare la riga:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1068 -msgid "" -"Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what " -"happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:518 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n" +msgstr "Pin: release l=Debian\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1079 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:525 msgid "" -"Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by " -"the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as " -"described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>" +"All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> " +"files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored " +"in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file " +"named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the " +"<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file <filename>debian." +"lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> " +"contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site " +"<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> " +"architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the " +"<literal>unstable</literal> distribution." msgstr "" +"Tutti i file <filename>Packages</filename> e <filename>Release</filename> " +"recuperati dalle posizioni elencate nel file &sources-list; sono memorizzati " +"nella directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename> o nel file indicato " +"dalla variabile <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> nel file <filename>apt." +"conf</filename>. Per esempio, il file <filename>debian.lcs.mit." +"edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> contiene il " +"file <filename>Release</filename> recuperato dal sito <literal>debian.lcs." +"mit.edu</literal> per i file dell'architettura <literal>binary-i386</" +"literal> nella componente <literal>contrib</literal> della distribuzione " +"<literal>unstable</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1091 -msgid "" -"Print information about the vendors read from <filename>/etc/apt/vendors." -"list</filename>." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:538 +msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record" +msgstr "Righe opzionali in un record delle preferenze di APT" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1114 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:540 msgid "" -"&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all " -"possible options." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1121 -msgid "&file-aptconf;" +"Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or " +"more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This " +"provides a place for comments." msgstr "" +"Ogni record nel file delle preferenze di APT può iniziare opzionalmente con " +"una o più righe che cominciano con la parola <literal>Explanation:</" +"literal>. Ciò fornisce un posto dove mettere commenti." -#. ? reading apt.conf -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt.conf.5.xml:1126 -msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:549 +msgid "Tracking Stable" +msgstr "Seguire Stable in modo continuativo" -#. The last update date -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:16 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:557 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"&apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>16 February 2010</date>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:32 -msgid "Preference control file for APT" +"Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n" +"Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=stable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release o=Debian\n" +"Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" +"Explanation: Disinstallare o non installare ogni versione di\n" +"Explanation: pacchetto originata da Debian che non sia nella\n" +"Explanation: distribuzione stable\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=stable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release o=Debian\n" +"Pin-Priority: -10\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:37 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:551 msgid "" -"The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and the " -"fragment files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> folder " -"can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected for " -"installation." +"The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " +"higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " +"<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " +"package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> " +"distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Il seguente file di preferenze di APT fa sì che APT assegni una priorità più " +"alta di quella predefinita (500) a tutte le versioni di pacchetto che " +"appartengono alla distribuzione <literal>stable</literal>, e una priorità " +"eccezionalmente bassa alle versioni di pacchetto che appartengono alle altre " +"distribuzioni <literal>Debian</literal>. <placeholder type=\"programlisting" +"\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:42 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:574 apt_preferences.5.xml:620 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:678 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the " -"&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for " -"example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT " -"assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency " -"constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest " -"priority for installation. The APT preferences file overrides the " -"priorities that APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the " -"user control over which one is selected for installation." +"apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n" +"apt-get upgrade\n" +"apt-get dist-upgrade\n" msgstr "" +"apt-get install <replaceable>nome-pacchetto</replaceable>\n" +"apt-get upgrade\n" +"apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:52 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:569 msgid "" -"Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the " -"&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this " -"case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in " -"the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences file does not affect the " -"choice of instance, only the choice of version." +"With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " +"the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " +"<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Con un file &sources-list; adatto e il file di preferenze descritto sopra, " +"uno qualsiasi dei seguenti comandi farà sì che APT aggiorni il sistema alle " +"versioni più recenti di <literal>stable</literal>. <placeholder type=" +"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:59 -msgid "" -"Preferences are a strong power in the hands of a system administrator but " -"they can become also their biggest nightmare if used without care! APT will " -"not questioning the preferences so wrong settings will therefore lead to " -"uninstallable packages or wrong decisions while upgrading packages. Even " -"more problems will arise if multiply distribution releases are mixed without " -"a good understanding of the following paragraphs. Packages included in a " -"specific release aren't tested in and therefore doesn't always work as " -"expected in older or newer releases or together with other packages from " -"different releases. You have been warned." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:586 +#, no-wrap +msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n" +msgstr "apt-get install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/testing\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:70 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:580 msgid "" -"Note that the files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d</filename> " -"directory are parsed in alphanumeric ascending order and need to obey the " -"following naming convention: The files have either no or \"<literal>pref</" -"literal>\" as filename extension and only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), " -"underscore (_) and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice " -"that it has ignored a file if the file doesn't match a pattern in the " -"<literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in this " -"case it will be silently ignored." +"The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " +"latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package " +"will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder " +"type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Il seguente comando farà sì che APT aggiorni il pacchetto specificato alla " +"versione più recente nella distribuzione <literal>testing</literal>; il " +"pacchetto non verrà successivamente aggiornato a meno di non usare " +"nuovamente questo comando. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:79 -msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:94 -#, no-wrap -msgid "<command>apt-get install -t testing <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n" -msgstr "" +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:592 +msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable" +msgstr "Seguire Testing o Unstable in modo continuativo" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:97 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:601 #, no-wrap -msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:81 msgid "" -"If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that " -"applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version " -"is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is " -"possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which " -"receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The " -"target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or " -"in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note " -"that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the <filename>/" -"etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over " -"specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder type=" -"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"1\"/>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:106 -msgid "priority 1" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=testing\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=unstable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 800\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release o=Debian\n" +"Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=testing\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release a=unstable\n" +"Pin-Priority: 800\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release o=Debian\n" +"Pin-Priority: -10\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:107 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:594 msgid "" -"to the versions coming from archives which in their <filename>Release</" -"filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" but <emphasis>not</" -"emphasis> as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the debian " -"<literal>experimental</literal> archive." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:113 -msgid "priority 100" +"The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority " +"to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a " +"lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> " +"distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from " +"other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder type=" +"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Il seguente file di preferenze di APT fa sì che APT assegni una priorità " +"alta alle versioni di pacchetto nella distribuzione <literal>testing</" +"literal>, una priorità più bassa alle versioni di pacchetto nella " +"distribuzione <literal>unstable</literal>, e una priorità eccezionalmente " +"bassa alle versioni di pacchetto nelle altre distribuzioni <literal>Debian</" +"literal>. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:114 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:615 msgid "" -"to the version that is already installed (if any) and to the versions coming " -"from archives which in their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked " -"as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" and \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the debian " -"backports archive since <literal>squeeze-backports</literal>." +"With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " +"the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " +"<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Con un file &sources-list; adatto e il file di preferenze descritto sopra, " +"uno qualsiasi dei seguenti comandi farà sì che APT aggiorni il sistema alle " +"versioni più recenti di <literal>testing</literal>. <placeholder type=" +"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:121 -msgid "priority 500" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:635 +#, no-wrap +msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n" +msgstr "apt-get install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/unstable\n" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:122 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:626 msgid "" -"to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target " -"release." +"The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " +"latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. " +"Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to " +"the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent " +"than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>unstable</" +"literal> version if that is more recent than the installed version. " +"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Il comando seguente farà sì che APT aggiorni il pacchetto specificato alla " +"più recente versione nella distribuzione <literal>unstable</literal>. " +"Successivamente, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> aggiornerà il pacchetto " +"alla versione più recente in <literal>testing</literal>, se è più nuova di " +"quella installata, altrimenti alla più recente versione in " +"<literal>unstable</literal> se è più recente di quella installata. " +"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:126 -msgid "priority 990" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:642 +msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release" +msgstr "Seguire l'evoluzione di un rilascio in base al nome in codice" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:127 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:656 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release." +"Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package versions\n" +"Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with &testing-codename; or sid\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" +"\n" +"Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=sid\n" +"Pin-Priority: 800\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release o=Debian\n" +"Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" +"Explanation: Disinstallare o non installare qualsiasi versione di pacchetto\n" +"Explanation: originata da Debian che non sia nella distribuzione con\n" +"Explanation: nome in codice &testing-codename; o sid\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" +"Pin-Priority: 900\n" +"\n" +"Explanation: Debian unstable ha sempre il nome in codice side\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release n=sid\n" +"Pin-Priority: 800\n" +"\n" +"Package: *\n" +"Pin: release o=Debian\n" +"Pin-Priority: -10\n" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:101 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:644 msgid "" -"If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following " -"algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign: " -"<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>" +"The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " +"higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " +"specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " +"package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, " +"codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow " +"the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to " +"<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you " +"want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> " +"notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example " +"configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Il seguente file delle preferenze di APT farà sì che APT assegni una " +"priorità più alta di quella predefinita (500) a tutte le versioni di " +"pacchetto che appartengono alla distribuzione con il nome in codice " +"specificato, e una priorità eccezionalmente bassa alle versioni di pacchetto " +"che appartengono ad altre distribuzioni, nomi in codice e archivi " +"<literal>Debian</literal>. Notare che con questa preferenza, APT segue la " +"migrazione di un rilascio dall'archivio <literal>testing</literal> a " +"<literal>stable</literal> e successivamente a <literal>oldstable</literal>. " +"Se si vuole seguire il progresso, ad esempio, di <literal>testing</literal> " +"indipendentemente dai cambi di nome in codice si devono usare le " +"configurazioni negli esempi precedenti. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:132 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:673 msgid "" -"If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns " -"priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all " -"uninstalled package versions, except versions coming from archives which in " -"their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" " -"- these versions get the priority 1 or priority 100 if it is additionally " -"marked as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\"." +"With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " +"the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in " +"the release codenamed with <literal>&testing-codename;</literal>. " +"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Con un file &sources-list; adatto e il file di preferenze descritto sopra, " +"uno qualsiasi dei seguenti comandi farà sì che APT aggiorni il sistema alle " +"versioni più recenti nel rilascio con nome in codice <literal>&testing-" +"codename;</literal>. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:693 +#, no-wrap +msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n" +msgstr "apt-get install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/sid\n" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:139 +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:684 msgid "" -"APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to " -"determine which version of a package to install." +"The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " +"latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, " +"<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most " +"recent <literal>&testing-codename;</literal> version if that is more recent " +"than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>sid</" +"literal> version if that is more recent than the installed version. " +"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Il comando seguente farà sì che APT aggiorni il pacchetto specificato alla " +"più recente versione nella distribuzione <literal>sid</literal>. " +"Successivamente, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> aggiornerà il pacchetto " +"alla versione più recente in <literal>&testing-codename;</literal>, se è più " +"nuova di quella installata, altrimenti alla più recente versione in " +"<literal>sid</literal> se è più recente di quella installata. <placeholder " +"type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:142 -msgid "" -"Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. " -"(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place " -"of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities " -"exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. " -"Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt_preferences.5.xml:708 +msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;" +msgstr "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:148 -msgid "Install the highest priority version." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: sources.list.5.xml:35 +msgid "List of configured APT data sources" +msgstr "elenco delle fonti di dati configurate per APT" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:149 -msgid "" -"If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one " -"(that is, the one with the higher version number)." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:40 +msgid "" +"The source list <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> is designed to " +"support any number of active sources and a variety of source media. The file " +"lists one source per line, with the most preferred source listed first. The " +"information available from the configured sources is acquired by " +"<command>apt-get update</command> (or by an equivalent command from another " +"APT front-end)." +msgstr "" +"L'elenco delle fonti <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> è progettato " +"per supportare qualsiasi numero di fonti attive e svariati supporti. Il file " +"elenca una fonte per riga, con la fonte preferita elencata per prima. Le " +"informazioni disponibili dalle fonti configurate sono acquisite con " +"<command>apt-get update</command> (o con un comando equivalente in un'altra " +"interfaccia per APT)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:152 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:47 msgid "" -"If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either " -"the packages differ in some of their metadata or the <literal>--reinstall</" -"literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one." +"Each line specifying a source starts with type (e.g. <literal>deb-src</" +"literal>) followed by options and arguments for this type. Individual " +"entries cannot be continued onto a following line. Empty lines are ignored, " +"and a <literal>#</literal> character anywhere on a line marks the remainder " +"of that line as a comment." msgstr "" +"Ogni riga che specifica una fonte inizia con il tipo (per esempio " +"<literal>deb-src</literal>), seguito dalle opzioni e dagli argomenti per " +"tale tipo. Ogni singola voce non può essere divisa su più righe. Le righe " +"vuote vengono ignorate e un carattere <literal>#</literal> in qualsiasi " +"punto di una riga contrassegna come commento la parte rimanente della riga." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:158 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: sources.list.5.xml:55 +msgid "sources.list.d" +msgstr "sources.list.d" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:56 msgid "" -"In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) " -"is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in " -"the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be " -"upgraded when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</" -"replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed." -msgstr "" +"The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to " +"add sources.list entries in separate files. The format is the same as for " +"the regular <filename>sources.list</filename> file. File names need to end " +"with <filename>.list</filename> and may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), " +"digits (0-9), underscore (_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. " +"Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has ignored a file, unless that " +"file matches a pattern in the <literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> " +"configuration list - in which case it will be silently ignored." +msgstr "" +"La directory <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> permette di " +"aggiungere voci per sources.list in file separati. Il formato è lo stesso " +"del regolare file <filename>sources.list</filename>. I nomi dei file devono " +"terminare con <filename>.list</filename> e possono contenere solamente " +"lettere (a-z e A-Z), cifre (0-9), trattini bassi (_), trattini (-) e punti " +"(.). In caso contrario APT stampa un messaggio che notifica che un file è " +"stato ignorato, a meno che il file non corrisponda ad un modello nell'elenco " +"di configurazione <literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal>, nel qual " +"caso viene ignorato in modo silenzioso." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:165 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: sources.list.5.xml:67 +msgid "The deb and deb-src types" +msgstr "I tipi deb e deb-src" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:68 msgid "" -"More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> " -"recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be " -"downgraded when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</" -"replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed." -msgstr "" +"The <literal>deb</literal> type references a typical two-level Debian " +"archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. The " +"<literal>distribution</literal> is generally an archive name like " +"<literal>stable</literal> or <literal>testing</literal> or a codename like " +"<literal>&stable-codename;</literal> or <literal>&testing-codename;</" +"literal> while component is one of <literal>main</literal>, " +"<literal>contrib</literal> or <literal>non-free</literal>. The <literal>deb-" +"src</literal> type references a Debian distribution's source code in the " +"same form as the <literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> " +"line is required to fetch source indexes." +msgstr "" +"Il tipo <literal>deb</literal> è un riferimento a un tipico archivio Debian " +"a due livelli, <filename>distribuzione/componente</filename>. " +"<literal>distribuzione</literal> è tipicamente un nome di archivio come " +"<literal>stable</literal> o <literal>testing</literal>, oppure un nome in " +"codice come <literal>&stable-codename;</literal> o <literal>&testing-" +"codename;</literal>; componente è uno tra <literal>main</literal>, " +"<literal>contrib</literal> o <literal>non-free</literal>. Il tipo " +"<literal>deb-src</literal> è un riferimento al codice sorgente di una " +"distribuzione Debian nella stessa forma di quella del tipo <literal>deb</" +"literal>. Per recuperare gli indici dei pacchetti sorgente è necessaria una " +"riga <literal>deb-src</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:170 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:79 msgid "" -"Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version " -"belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to " -"some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when " -"<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> " -"or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least " -"<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority " -"than the installed version." +"The format for a <filename>sources.list</filename> entry using the " +"<literal>deb</literal> and <literal>deb-src</literal> types is:" msgstr "" +"Il formato per una voce in <filename>sources.list</filename> che usa il tipo " +"<literal>deb</literal> o <literal>deb-src</literal> è:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:179 -msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:82 +#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#| msgid "deb [ options ] uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]" +msgid "deb [ options ] uri suite [component1] [component2] [...]" +msgstr "deb [ opzioni ] uri distribuzione [componente1] [componente2] [...]" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:181 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:86 +#, no-wrap msgid "" -"The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the " -"assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line " -"records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a " -"specific form and a general form." +" Types: deb deb-src\n" +" URIs: http://example.com\n" +" Suites: stable testing\n" +" Sections: component1 component2\n" +" Description: short\n" +" long long long\n" +" [option1]: [option1-value]\n" +"\n" +" Types: deb\n" +" URIs: http://another.example.com\n" +" Suites: experimental\n" +" Sections: component1 component2\n" +" Enabled: no\n" +" Description: short\n" +" long long long\n" +" [option1]: [option1-value]\n" +" " msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:187 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:84 msgid "" -"The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more " -"specified packages and specified version or version range. For example, the " -"following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the " -"<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with " -"\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by spaces." +"Alternatively a rfc822 style format is also supported: <placeholder type=" +"\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:194 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:105 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the " +#| "Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. " +#| "<literal>distribution</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case " +#| "the components must be omitted and <literal>distribution</literal> must " +#| "end with a slash (<literal>/</literal>). This is useful for the case when " +#| "only a particular sub-section of the archive denoted by the URI is of " +#| "interest. If <literal>distribution</literal> does not specify an exact " +#| "path, at least one <literal>component</literal> must be present." msgid "" -"Package: perl\n" -"Pin: version 5.8*\n" -"Pin-Priority: 1001\n" -msgstr "" +"The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the " +"Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. " +"<literal>suite</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the " +"components must be omitted and <literal>suite</literal> must end with a " +"slash (<literal>/</literal>). This is useful for the case when only a " +"particular sub-section of the archive denoted by the URI is of interest. If " +"<literal>suite</literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one " +"<literal>component</literal> must be present." +msgstr "" +"L'URI per il tipo <literal>deb</literal> deve specificare la base della " +"distribuzione Debian, dalla quale APT troverà le informazioni necessarie. " +"<literal>distribuzione</literal> può specificare un percorso esatto, nel " +"qual caso le componenti devono essere omesse e <literal>distribuzione</" +"literal> deve terminare con una sbarra (<literal>/</literal>). Questo è " +"utile nel caso in cui si è interessati solo a una particolare sottosezione " +"dell'archivio indicata dall'URI. Se <literal>distribuzione</literal> non " +"specifica un percorso esatto, deve essere presente almeno una " +"<literal>componente</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:200 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:114 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "<literal>distribution</literal> may also contain a variable, <literal>" +#| "$(ARCH)</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (such as " +#| "<literal>amd64</literal> or <literal>armel</literal>) used on the system. " +#| "This permits architecture-independent <filename>sources.list</filename> " +#| "files to be used. In general this is only of interest when specifying an " +#| "exact path, <literal>APT</literal> will automatically generate a URI with " +#| "the current architecture otherwise." +msgid "" +"<literal>suite</literal> may also contain a variable, <literal>$(ARCH)</" +"literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (such as <literal>amd64</" +"literal> or <literal>armel</literal>) used on the system. This permits " +"architecture-independent <filename>sources.list</filename> files to be used. " +"In general this is only of interest when specifying an exact path, " +"<literal>APT</literal> will automatically generate a URI with the current " +"architecture otherwise." +msgstr "" +"<literal>distribuzione</literal> può anche contenere una variabile <literal>" +"$(ARCH)</literal> che viene espansa nell'architettura Debian (come " +"<literal>amd64</literal> o <literal>armel</literal>) usata nel sistema. Ciò " +"consente di utilizzare file <filename>sources.list</filename> indipendenti " +"dall'architettura. In generale questo è interessante solo quando viene " +"specificato un percorso esatto, altrimenti <literal>APT</literal> genera " +"automaticamente un URI con l'architettura corrente." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:122 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Since only one distribution can be specified per line it may be necessary " +#| "to have multiple lines for the same URI, if a subset of all available " +#| "distributions or components at that location is desired. APT will sort " +#| "the URI list after it has generated a complete set internally, and will " +#| "collapse multiple references to the same Internet host, for instance, " +#| "into a single connection, so that it does not inefficiently establish an " +#| "FTP connection, close it, do something else, and then re-establish a " +#| "connection to that same host. This feature is useful for accessing busy " +#| "FTP sites with limits on the number of simultaneous anonymous users. APT " +#| "also parallelizes connections to different hosts to more effectively deal " +#| "with sites with low bandwidth." +msgid "" +"In the traditional style sources.list format since only one distribution can " +"be specified per line it may be necessary to have multiple lines for the " +"same URI, if a subset of all available distributions or components at that " +"location is desired. APT will sort the URI list after it has generated a " +"complete set internally, and will collapse multiple references to the same " +"Internet host, for instance, into a single connection, so that it does not " +"inefficiently establish an FTP connection, close it, do something else, and " +"then re-establish a connection to that same host. This feature is useful for " +"accessing busy FTP sites with limits on the number of simultaneous anonymous " +"users. APT also parallelizes connections to different hosts to more " +"effectively deal with sites with low bandwidth." +msgstr "" +"Dato che può essere specificata solo una distribuzione per riga, può essere " +"necessario avere più righe per lo stesso URI, se si desidera un sottoinsieme " +"di tutte le distribuzioni o componenti disponibili in quella posizione. APT " +"ordinerà la lista degli URI dopo aver generato internamente un insieme " +"completo, e riunirà i riferimenti multipli, per esempio al medesimo host " +"Internet in una singola connessione; in questo modo non stabilisce in modo " +"inefficiente una connessione FTP per poi chiuderla, fare qualcos'altro e " +"quindi ristabilire una connessione con il medesimo host. Questa funzionalità " +"è utile per accedere a siti FTP molto impegnati con un limite al numero di " +"accessi anonimi contemporanei. APT inoltre parallelizza le connessioni a " +"host differenti, per gestire in maniera più efficiente i siti con scarsa " +"larghezza di banda." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:136 msgid "" -"The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a " -"given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed " -"in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package " -"versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's " -"fully qualified domain name." +"<literal>options</literal> is always optional and needs to be surrounded by " +"square brackets. It can consist of multiple settings in the form " +"<literal><replaceable>setting</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</" +"replaceable></literal>. Multiple settings are separated by spaces. The " +"following settings are supported by APT (note however that unsupported " +"settings will be ignored silently):" msgstr "" +"<literal>opzioni</literal> è sempre opzionale e deve essere racchiuso tra " +"parentesi quadre. Può consistere di più impostazioni nella forma " +"<literal><replaceable>impostazione</replaceable>=<replaceable>valore</" +"replaceable></literal>. Impostazioni multiple vengono separate da spazi. APT " +"supporta le seguenti impostazioni (notare però che le impostazioni non " +"supportate verranno ignorate in modo silenzioso):" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:206 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:142 msgid "" -"This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups " -"of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to " -"all package versions available from the local site." +"<literal>arch=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>,<replaceable>arch2</" +"replaceable>,…</literal> can be used to specify for which architectures " +"information should be downloaded. If this option is not set all " +"architectures defined by the <literal>APT::Architectures</literal> option " +"will be downloaded." msgstr "" +"<literal>arch=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>,<replaceable>arch2</" +"replaceable>,…</literal> può essere usato per specificare le architetture " +"per le quali scaricare le informazioni. Se questa opzione non è impostata " +"verranno scaricate tutte le architetture definite dall'opzione <literal>APT::" +"Architectures</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:211 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:146 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "<literal>arch=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>,<replaceable>arch2</" +#| "replaceable>,…</literal> can be used to specify for which architectures " +#| "information should be downloaded. If this option is not set all " +#| "architectures defined by the <literal>APT::Architectures</literal> option " +#| "will be downloaded." +msgid "" +"<literal>arch+=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>,<replaceable>arch2</" +"replaceable>,…</literal> and <literal>arch-=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>," +"<replaceable>arch2</replaceable>,…</literal> which can be used to add/remove " +"architectures from the set which will be downloaded." +msgstr "" +"<literal>arch=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>,<replaceable>arch2</" +"replaceable>,…</literal> può essere usato per specificare le architetture " +"per le quali scaricare le informazioni. Se questa opzione non è impostata " +"verranno scaricate tutte le architetture definite dall'opzione <literal>APT::" +"Architectures</literal>." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:149 msgid "" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: origin \"\"\n" -"Pin-Priority: 999\n" +"<literal>trusted=yes</literal> can be set to indicate that packages from " +"this source are always authenticated even if the <filename>Release</" +"filename> file is not signed or the signature can't be checked. This " +"disables parts of &apt-secure; and should therefore only be used in a local " +"and trusted context. <literal>trusted=no</literal> is the opposite which " +"handles even correctly authenticated sources as not authenticated." msgstr "" +"<literal>trusted=yes</literal> può essere usato per indicare che i pacchetti " +"da questa fonte sono sempre autenticati anche se il file <filename>Release</" +"filename> non è firmato o la firma non può essere controllata. Ciò " +"disabilita parti di &apt-secure; e dovrebbe quindi essere usato solo in un " +"contesto locale o fidato. <literal>trusted=no</literal> fa l'opposto e " +"tratta anche le fonti correttamente autenticate come non autenticate." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:216 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:156 msgid "" -"A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\" " -"which can be used to match a hostname. The following record will assign a " -"high priority to all versions available from the server identified by the " -"hostname \"ftp.de.debian.org\"" +"It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most " +"preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by " +"speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, " +"followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)." msgstr "" +"È importante elencare le fonti in ordine di preferenza con la fonte " +"preferita elencata per prima. Tipicamente ciò viene fatto ordinando per " +"velocità dalla più veloce alla più lenta (per esempio CD-ROM seguiti da host " +"in una rete locale, seguiti da host Internet distanti)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:220 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:161 +msgid "Some examples:" +msgstr "Alcuni esempi:" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:163 #, no-wrap msgid "" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: origin \"ftp.de.debian.org\"\n" -"Pin-Priority: 999\n" +"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main contrib non-free\n" +"deb http://security.debian.org/ &stable-codename;/updates main contrib non-free\n" +" " msgstr "" +"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main contrib non-free\n" +"deb http://security.debian.org/ &stable-codename;/updates main contrib non-free\n" +" " -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:224 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: sources.list.5.xml:169 +msgid "URI specification" +msgstr "Specificare URI" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:171 +msgid "The currently recognized URI types are:" +msgstr "I tipi di URI attualmente riconosciuti sono:" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:175 msgid "" -"This should <emphasis>not</emphasis> be confused with the Origin of a " -"distribution as specified in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What " -"follows the \"Origin:\" tag in a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an " -"Internet address but an author or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or \"Ximian" -"\"." +"The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be " +"considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or " +"archives." msgstr "" +"Il tipo file permette di considerare come un archivio una directory " +"arbitraria nel file system. È utile per file system NFS montati e mirror o " +"archivi locali." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:229 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:182 msgid "" -"The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions " -"belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is \"<literal>unstable</" -"literal>\"." +"The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CD-ROM drive with media swapping. " +"Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the source list." msgstr "" +"Il tipo cdrom permette ad APT di usare un'unità CD-ROM locale cambiando i " +"supporti. Usare il programma &apt-cdrom; per creare voci cdrom nell'elenco " +"delle fonti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:233 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:189 msgid "" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release a=unstable\n" -"Pin-Priority: 50\n" +"The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for the archive. If an environment " +"variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is set with the format http://server:" +"port/, the proxy server specified in <envar>http_proxy</envar> will be used. " +"Users of authenticated HTTP/1.1 proxies may use a string of the format " +"http://user:pass@server:port/. Note that this is an insecure method of " +"authentication." msgstr "" +"Il tipo http specifica un server HTTP per l'archivio. Se è impostata una " +"variabile d'ambiente <envar>http_proxy</envar> con il formato http://server:" +"porta/, verrà usato il server proxy specificato in <envar>http_proxy</" +"envar>. Gli utenti con proxy HTTP/1.1 con autenticazione possono usare una " +"stringa nel formato http://utente:password@server:porta/. Notare che questo " +"è un metodo di autenticazione non sicuro." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:238 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:200 msgid "" -"The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " -"belonging to any distribution whose Codename is \"<literal>&testing-codename;" -"</literal>\"." +"The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for the archive. APT's FTP behavior " +"is highly configurable; for more information see the &apt-conf; manual page. " +"Please note that an FTP proxy can be specified by using the " +"<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify an " +"HTTP proxy (HTTP proxy servers often understand FTP URLs) using this " +"environment variable and <emphasis>only</emphasis> this environment " +"variable. Proxies using HTTP specified in the configuration file will be " +"ignored." msgstr "" +"Il tipo ftp specifica un server FTP per l'archivio. Il comportamento FTP di " +"APT è altamente configurabile; per maggiori informazioni vedere la pagina di " +"manuale &apt-conf;. Notare che è possibile specificare un proxy FTP usando " +"la variabile d'ambiente <envar>ftp_proxy</envar>. È possibile specificare un " +"proxy HTTP (i server proxy HTTP spesso gestiscono gli URL FTP) usando questa " +"e <emphasis>SOLO</emphasis> questa variabile d'ambiente. I proxy che usano " +"HTTP specificati nel file di configurazione verranno ignorati." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:242 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:212 msgid "" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" -"Pin-Priority: 900\n" +"The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are " +"copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. " +"This is useful for people using removable media to copy files around with " +"APT." msgstr "" +"Il tipo copy è identico al tipo file tranne per il fatto che i pacchetti " +"vengono copiati nella directory della cache invece di essere usati " +"direttamente dalla loro posizione. Ciò è utile per coloro che usano supporti " +"rimovibili, per copiare i file nelle varie posizioni con APT." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:247 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:219 msgid "" -"The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " -"belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" " -"and whose release Version number is \"<literal>3.0</literal>\"." +"The rsh/ssh method invokes RSH/SSH to connect to a remote host and access " +"the files as a given user. Prior configuration of rhosts or RSA keys is " +"recommended. The standard <command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> " +"commands are used to perform the file transfers from the remote host." msgstr "" +"Il metodo rsh/ssh invoca RSH/SSH per connettersi ad un host remoto e " +"accedere ai file come un determinato utente. È raccomandato configurare " +"precedentemente le chiavi RSA o rhosts. Per effettuare i trasferimenti di " +"file dall'host remoto vengono usati i comandi standard <command>find</" +"command> e <command>dd</command>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:252 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: sources.list.5.xml:226 +msgid "adding more recognizable URI types" +msgstr "aggiungere ulteriori tipi di URI riconoscibili" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:228 +msgid "" +"APT can be extended with more methods shipped in other optional packages, " +"which should follow the naming scheme <package>apt-transport-" +"<replaceable>method</replaceable></package>. For instance, the APT team " +"also maintains the package <package>apt-transport-https</package>, which " +"provides access methods for HTTPS URIs with features similar to the http " +"method. Methods for using e.g. debtorrent are also available - see &apt-" +"transport-debtorrent;." +msgstr "" +"APT può essere esteso con ulteriori metodi forniti in altri pacchetti " +"opzionali, i cui nomi devono seguire lo schema <package>apt-transport-" +"<replaceable>metodo</replaceable></package>. Per esempio, il team di APT " +"mantiene anche il pacchetto <package>apt-transport-https</package> che " +"fornisce i metodi di accesso per URI HTTPS con funzionalità simili a quelle " +"del metodo http. Sono disponibili anche i metodi per usare, ad esempio, " +"debtorrrent; vedere &apt-transport-debtorrent;." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:240 msgid "" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n" -"Pin-Priority: 500\n" +"Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/jason/debian for " +"stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free." msgstr "" +"Usa l'archivio memorizzato in locale (o montato via NFS) in /home/gianni/" +"debian per stable/main, stable/contrib e stable/non-free." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:262 -msgid "Regular expressions and glob() syntax" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:242 +#, no-wrap +msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian stable main contrib non-free" +msgstr "deb file:/home/gianni/debian stable main contrib non-free" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:244 +msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution." msgstr "" +"Come sopra, tranne per il fatto che usa la distribuzione unstable (di " +"sviluppo)" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:264 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:245 +#, no-wrap +msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free" +msgstr "deb file:/home/gianni/debian unstable main contrib non-free" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:247 +msgid "Source line for the above" +msgstr "Riga per i sorgenti corrispondente alla precedente" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:248 +#, no-wrap +msgid "deb-src file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free" +msgstr "deb-src file:/home/gianni/debian unstable main contrib non-free" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:250 msgid "" -"APT also supports pinning by glob() expressions and regular expressions " -"surrounded by /. For example, the following example assigns the priority 500 " -"to all packages from experimental where the name starts with gnome (as a glob" -"()-like expression) or contains the word kde (as a POSIX extended regular " -"expression surrounded by slashes)." +"The first line gets package information for the architectures in " +"<literal>APT::Architectures</literal> while the second always retrieves " +"<literal>amd64</literal> and <literal>armel</literal>." msgstr "" +"La prima riga ottiene le informazioni sui pacchetti per le architetture in " +"<literal>APT::Architectures</literal>, mentre la seconda scarica sempre " +"<literal>amd64</literal> e <literal>armel</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:273 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:252 #, no-wrap msgid "" -"Package: gnome* /kde/\n" -"Pin: release n=experimental\n" -"Pin-Priority: 500\n" +"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main\n" +"deb [ arch=amd64,armel ] http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main" msgstr "" +"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main\n" +"deb [ arch=amd64,armel ] http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:279 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:255 msgid "" -"The rule for those expressions is that they can occur anywhere where a " -"string can occur. Thus, the following pin assigns the priority 990 to all " -"packages from a release starting with karmic." +"Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the " +"hamm/main area." msgstr "" +"Usa HTTP per accedere all'archivio in archive.debian.org e usa solo l'area " +"hamm/main." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:285 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:257 #, no-wrap +msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main" +msgstr "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:259 msgid "" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release n=karmic*\n" -"Pin-Priority: 990\n" +"Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " +"directory, and uses only the &stable-codename;/contrib area." msgstr "" +"Usa FTP per accedere all'archivio in ftp.debian.org, nella directory debian " +"e usa solo l'area &stable-codename;/contrib." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:291 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:261 +#, no-wrap +msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; contrib" +msgstr "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; contrib" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:263 msgid "" -"If a regular expression occurs in a <literal>Package</literal> field, the " -"behavior is the same as if this regular expression were replaced with a list " -"of all package names it matches. It is undecided whether this will change in " -"the future, thus you should always list wild-card pins first, so later " -"specific pins override it. The pattern \"<literal>*</literal>\" in a " -"Package field is not considered a glob() expression in itself." +"Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " +"directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as " +"well as the one in the previous example in <filename>sources.list</filename> " +"a single FTP session will be used for both resource lines." msgstr "" +"Usa FTP per accedere all'archivio in ftp.debian.org nella directory debian e " +"usa solo l'area unstable/contrib. Se in <filename>sources.list</filename> " +"sono presenti sia questa riga sia quella nell'esempio precedente, verrà " +"usata una sola sessione FTP per entrambe le righe." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:307 -msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:267 +#, no-wrap +msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib" +msgstr "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:315 -msgid "P > 1000" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> +#: sources.list.5.xml:276 +#, no-wrap +msgid "deb http://ftp.tlh.debian.org/universe unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/" +msgstr "deb http://ftp.tlh.debian.org/universe unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:316 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:269 msgid "" -"causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the " -"package" +"Uses HTTP to access the archive at ftp.tlh.debian.org, under the universe " +"directory, and uses only files found under <filename>unstable/binary-i386</" +"filename> on i386 machines, <filename>unstable/binary-amd64</filename> on " +"amd64, and so forth for other supported architectures. [Note this example " +"only illustrates how to use the substitution variable; official debian " +"archives are not structured like this] <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Usa HTTP per accedere all'archivio in ftp.tlh.debian.org nella directory " +"universe e usa solo i file che si trovano in <filename>unstable/binary-i386</" +"filename> sulle macchine i386, <filename>unstable/binary-amd64</filename> su " +"quelle amd64 e così via per le altre architetture supportate. [Notare che " +"questo esempio illustra solamente come usare la variabile per la " +"sostituzione; gli archivi Debian ufficiali non sono strutturati in questo " +"modo.] <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:320 -msgid "990 < P <=1000" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: sources.list.5.xml:281 +msgid "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;" +msgstr "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:321 -msgid "" -"causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target " -"release, unless the installed version is more recent" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:28 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:28 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:28 +msgid "1" +msgstr "1" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:326 -msgid "500 < P <=990" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:35 +msgid "" +"Utility to extract <command>debconf</command> config and templates from " +"Debian packages" msgstr "" +"utilità per estrarre configurazioni e modelli <command>debconf</command> dai " +"pacchetti Debian" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:327 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:41 msgid "" -"causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " -"belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent" +"<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package " +"files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated " +"config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains " +"config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the " +"format:" msgstr "" +"<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> accetta in input uno o più file di " +"pacchetti Debian e scrive (in una directory temporanea) tutti gli script di " +"configurazione e i file template associati. Per ogni pacchetto ricevuto che " +"contenga script di configurazione e template, verrà generata una riga in " +"output nel formato:" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:332 -msgid "100 < P <=500" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:46 +msgid "package version template-file config-script" +msgstr "pacchetto versione file-template script-di-configurazione" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:333 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:47 msgid "" -"causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " -"belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:338 -msgid "0 < P <=100" +"template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory " +"specified by the <option>-t</option> or <option>--tempdir</option> " +"(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with " +"filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXX</filename> and " +"<filename>package.config.XXXX</filename>" msgstr "" +"file-template e script-di-configurazione sono scritti nella directory " +"temporanea specificata da <option>-t</option> o <option>--tempdir</option> " +"(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>), con i nomi dei file " +"nella forma <filename>pacchetto.template.XXXX</filename> e " +"<filename>pacchetto.config.XXXX</filename>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:339 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:60 msgid "" -"causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of " -"the package" +"Temporary directory in which to write extracted <command>debconf</command> " +"template files and config scripts. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" +"ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>" msgstr "" +"Directory temporanea dove scrivere gli script di configurazione e i file " +"template di <command>debconf</command> estratti. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:343 -msgid "P < 0" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:77 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, " +"decimal 100 on error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-extracttemplates</command>restituisce zero in caso di " +"funzionamento normale e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:344 -msgid "prevents the version from being installed" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:35 +msgid "Utility to sort package index files" +msgstr "utilità per ordinare i file indice dei pacchetti" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:310 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:41 msgid "" -"Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or " -"negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking): " -"<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>" +"<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (source index or " +"package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package " +"name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the " +"internal sorting rules." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> accetta un file indice (indice di sorgenti o " +"di pacchetti) e ordina i record in base al nome del pacchetto. Ordina anche " +"i campi interni ad ogni record in base alle regole di ordinamento interne." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:349 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:47 msgid "" -"If any specific-form records match an available package version then the " -"first such record determines the priority of the package version. Failing " -"that, if any general-form records match an available package version then " -"the first such record determines the priority of the package version." +"All output is sent to standard output; the input must be a seekable file." msgstr "" +"Tutto l'output viene inviato sullo standard output; l'input deve essere un " +"file leggibile con seek." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:355 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:56 msgid "" -"For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records " -"presented earlier:" +"Use source index field ordering. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" +"SortPkgs::Source</literal>." msgstr "" +"Usa l'ordinamento dei campi dell'indice dei sorgenti. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::SortPkgs::Source</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:359 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:70 msgid "" -"Package: perl\n" -"Pin: version 5.8*\n" -"Pin-Priority: 1001\n" -"\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: origin \"\"\n" -"Pin-Priority: 999\n" -"\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release unstable\n" -"Pin-Priority: 50\n" +"<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " +"100 on error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento " +"normale e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:372 -msgid "Then:" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:35 +msgid "Utility to generate index files" +msgstr "strumento per generare file indice" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:374 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:41 msgid "" -"The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package " -"will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with " -"\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> 5.8* version of " -"<literal>perl</literal> is available and the installed version is 5.9*, then " -"<literal>perl</literal> will be downgraded." +"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates " +"the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index " +"files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that " +"site." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> è lo strumento a riga di comando che " +"genera i file indice usati da APT per accedere a una fonte di distribuzione. " +"I file indice devono essere generati sul sito origine in base al contenuto " +"di tale sito." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:379 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:45 msgid "" -"A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is " -"available from the local system has priority over other versions, even " -"versions belonging to the target release." +"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; " +"program, incorporating its entire functionality via the <literal>packages</" +"literal> command. It also contains a contents file generator, " +"<literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' the " +"generation process for a complete archive." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> è un sovrainsieme del programma &dpkg-" +"scanpackages; e incorpora tutte le sue funzionalità tramite il comando " +"<literal>packages</literal>. Inoltre contiene un generatore di file dei " +"contenuti, <literal>contents</literal>, e un modo elaborato per gestire " +"tramite script il processo di generazione per un archivio completo." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:383 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:51 msgid "" -"A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other " -"site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an <literal>unstable</" -"literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected for installation " -"and no version of the package is already installed." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:393 -msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties" +"Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary " +"databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any " +"external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it " +"automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed " +"output files." msgstr "" +"Internamente <command>apt-ftparchive</command> può far uso di database " +"binari per tenere in cache il contenuto di un file .deb e non si basa su " +"programmi esterni all'infuori di &gzip;. Quando genera un archivio completo, " +"esegue automaticamente un controllo sui file modificati e crea i file " +"compressi desiderati in uscita." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:395 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:62 msgid "" -"The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide " -"<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to " -"describe the packages available at that location." +"The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It " +"takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, " +"emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately " +"equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;." msgstr "" +"Il comando packages genera un file dell'indice di pacchetti da un albero di " +"directory. Prende la directory data e vi ricerca i file .deb ricorsivamente, " +"emettendo per ciascuno un record sullo stdout. Questo comando è più o meno " +"equivalente a &dpkg-scanpackages;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:407 -msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:67 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:91 +msgid "" +"The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB." msgstr "" +"L'opzione <option>--db</option> può essere usata per specificare un database " +"binario da usare come cache." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:408 -msgid "gives the package name" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:72 +msgid "" +"The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a " +"directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it " +"for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is " +"approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>sources</literal> genera un file indice dei sorgenti da " +"un albero di directory. Prende la directory data e vi ricerca i file .dsc " +"ricorsivamente, emettendo per ciascuno un record sullo stdout. Questo " +"comando è più o meno equivalente a &dpkg-scansources;." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:411 apt_preferences.5.xml:461 -msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:77 +msgid "" +"If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked " +"for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to " +"change the source override file that will be used." msgstr "" +"Se si specifica un file override, allora verrà cercato un file override " +"sorgente con estensione .src. L'opzione --source-override può essere usata " +"per cambiare il file override sorgente da usare." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:412 -msgid "gives the version number for the named package" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:84 +msgid "" +"The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a " +"directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it " +"for .deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and " +"writes to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not " +"written to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each " +"package is separated by a comma in the output." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>contents</literal> genera un file di contenuti da un " +"albero di directory. Prende la directory data e vi ricerca i file .deb " +"ricorsivamente, leggendo l'elenco dei file da ciascun file. Quindi ordina e " +"scrive sullo stdout l'elenco di file con i corrispondenti pacchetti. Le " +"directory non vengono scritte sull'output. Se più pacchetti contengono lo " +"stesso file, ciascun pacchetto è separato da una virgola nell'output." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:399 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:96 msgid "" -"The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory " -"<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/" -"<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></" -"filename>: for example, <filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/" -"Packages</filename>. It consists of a series of multi-line records, one for " -"each package available in that directory. Only two lines in each record are " -"relevant for setting APT priorities: <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=" -"\"0\"/>" +"The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a " +"directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for uncompressed " +"<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Sources</filename> files and " +"ones compressed with <command>gzip</command>, <command>bzip2</command> or " +"<command>lzma</command> as well as <filename>Release</filename> and " +"<filename>md5sum.txt</filename> files by default (<literal>APT::FTPArchive::" +"Release::Default-Patterns</literal>). Additional filename patterns can be " +"added by listing them in <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Patterns</" +"literal>. It then writes to stdout a <filename>Release</filename> file " +"containing an MD5, SHA1 and SHA256 digest for each file." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>release</literal> genera un file Release da un albero di " +"directory. In modo predefinito cerca ricorsivamente nella directory data i " +"file <filename>Packages</filename> e <filename>Sources</filename> non " +"compressi e quelli compressi con <command>gzip</command>, <command>bzip2</" +"command> o <command>lzma</command>, come anche i file <filename>Release</" +"filename> e <filename>md5sum.txt</filename> (<literal>APT::FTPArchive::" +"Release::Default-Patterns</literal>). Si possono aggiungere ulteriori " +"modelli per i nomi di file elencandoli in <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::" +"Patterns</literal>. Scrive poi sullo stdout un file <filename>Release</" +"filename> contenente per ogni file un digest MD5, SHA1 e SHA256." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:428 -msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:106 +msgid "" +"Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from " +"the corresponding variables under <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</" +"literal>, e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The " +"supported fields are: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, " +"<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, <literal>Codename</" +"literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, <literal>Valid-Until</literal>, " +"<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, " +"<literal>Description</literal>." msgstr "" +"I valori dei campi di metadati aggiuntivi nel file Release sono presi dalle " +"variabili corrispondenti sotto <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</literal>, " +"ad esempio <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. I campi " +"supportati sono: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, " +"<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, <literal>Codename</" +"literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, <literal>Valid-Until</literal>, " +"<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, " +"<literal>Description</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:429 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:119 msgid "" -"names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " -"For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies " -"that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " -"<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> " -"archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require " -"the line:" +"The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a " +"cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The " +"config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files " +"are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of " +"maintaining the required settings." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>generate</literal> è pensato per essere eseguibile da " +"uno script di cron e costruisce gli indici in base al file di configurazione " +"fornito. Il linguaggio di configurazione fornisce un mezzo flessibile per " +"specificare quali file di indice vengano costruiti a partire da quali " +"directory, oltre a fornire un mezzo semplice per amministrare le " +"impostazioni desiderate." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:439 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:128 +msgid "" +"The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given " +"configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>clean</literal> pulisce i database usati dal file di " +"configurazione dato, rimuovendo tutti i record non più necessari." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:445 -msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:134 +msgid "The Generate Configuration" +msgstr "La configurazione di generate" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:446 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:136 msgid "" -"names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " -"For example, the line \"Codename: &testing-codename;\" specifies that all of " -"the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " -"<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named " -"<literal>&testing-codename;</literal>. Specifying this value in the APT " -"preferences file would require the line:" +"The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to " +"describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical " +"ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. &apt-" +"conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate " +"configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a " +"tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled." msgstr "" +"Il comando <literal>generate</literal> usa un file di configurazione per " +"descrivere gli archivi da generare. Segue il tipico formato di " +"configurazione ISC come usato negli strumenti ISC come bind 8 e dhcpd. &apt-" +"conf; contiene una descrizione della sintassi. Notare che la configurazione " +"di generate viene letta per sezioni, ma &apt-conf; viene letto ad albero. " +"Ciò ha effetto soltanto sulla gestione del tag di ambito." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:455 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:144 +msgid "" +"The generate configuration has four separate sections, each described below." msgstr "" +"La configurazione di generate ha quattro sezioni separate, ciascuna delle " +"quali è descritta in seguito." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:462 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:146 +msgid "<literal>Dir</literal> Section" +msgstr "Sezione <literal>Dir</literal>" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:148 msgid "" -"names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might " -"belong to Debian GNU/Linux release version 3.0. Note that there is normally " -"no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</" -"literal> distributions because they have not been released yet. Specifying " -"this in the APT preferences file would require one of the following lines." +"The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed " +"to locate the files required during the generation process. These " +"directories are prepended certain relative paths defined in later sections " +"to produce a complete an absolute path." msgstr "" +"La sezione <literal>Dir</literal> definisce le directory standard necessarie " +"per localizzare i file richiesti durante il processo di generazione. Queste " +"directory vengono fatte precedere da alcuni percorsi relativi definiti nelle " +"sezioni successive, per produrre un percorso assoluto completo." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:471 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:155 msgid "" -"Pin: release v=3.0\n" -"Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n" -"Pin: release 3.0\n" +"Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration " +"this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist " +"nodes." msgstr "" +"Specifica la radice dell'archivio FTP; in una configurazione Debian standard " +"questa è la directory che contiene i nodi <filename>ls-LR</filename> e dist." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:480 -msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:162 +msgid "Specifies the location of the override files." +msgstr "Specifica la posizione dei file override." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:481 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:167 +msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files." +msgstr "Specifica la posizione dei file cache." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:172 msgid "" -"names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory " -"tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line " -"\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree " -"are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are " -"licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. " -"Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the line:" +"Specifies the location of the file list files, if the <literal>FileList</" +"literal> setting is used below." msgstr "" +"Specifica la posizione dei file con gli elenchi dei file, se viene usata " +"l'impostazione <literal>FileList</literal> sotto." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:490 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Pin: release c=main\n" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:178 +msgid "<literal>Default</literal> Section" +msgstr "Sezione <literal>Default</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:496 -msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:180 +msgid "" +"The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and " +"settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may " +"override these defaults with a per-section setting." msgstr "" +"La sezione <literal>Default</literal> specifica i valori predefiniti e le " +"impostazioni che controllano il funzionamento del generatore. Altre sezioni " +"possono scavalcare questi valori tramite impostazioni definite per sezione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:497 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:186 msgid "" -"names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the " -"<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is <literal>Debian</" -"literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences file would require " -"the line:" +"Sets the default compression schemes to use for the package index files. It " +"is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of: '.' (no " +"compression), 'gzip' and 'bzip2'. The default for all compression schemes is " +"'. gzip'." msgstr "" +"Imposta gli schemi di compressione predefiniti da usare per i file indice " +"dei pacchetti. È una stringa che contiene una lista separata da spazi con " +"almeno uno fra «.» (nessuna compressione), «gzip» e «bzip2». Il valore " +"predefinito per tutti gli schemi di compressione è «. gzip»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:503 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:194 +msgid "" +"Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This " +"defaults to '.deb'." msgstr "" +"Imposta la lista predefinita di estensioni di file che contraddistinguono i " +"file dei pacchetti. Il valore predefinito è «.deb»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:509 -msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:200 +msgid "" +"This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " +"controls the compression for the Sources files." msgstr "" +"Simile a <literal>Packages::Compress</literal>, tranne per il fatto che " +"controlla la compressione dei file Sources." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:510 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:206 msgid "" -"names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the " -"<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is <literal>Debian</" -"literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences file would require " -"the line:" +"Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This " +"defaults to '.dsc'." msgstr "" +"Imposta la lista predefinita di estensioni che contraddistinguono i file dei " +"sorgenti. Il valore predefinito è «.dsc»." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:516 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:212 +msgid "" +"This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " +"controls the compression for the Contents files." msgstr "" +"Simile a <literal>Packages::Compress</literal>, tranne per il fatto che " +"controlla la compressione dei file Contents." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:417 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:218 msgid "" -"The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory " -"<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for " -"example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or <filename>.../" -"dists/&stable-codename;/Release</filename>. It consists of a single multi-" -"line record which applies to <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages in the " -"directory tree below its parent. Unlike the <filename>Packages</filename> " -"file, nearly all of the lines in a <filename>Release</filename> file are " -"relevant for setting APT priorities: <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=" -"\"0\"/>" +"This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " +"controls the compression for the Translation-en master file." msgstr "" +"Simile a <literal>Packages::Compress</literal>, tranne per il fatto che " +"controlla la compressione del file principale Translation-en." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:523 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:224 msgid "" -"All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> " -"files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored " -"in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file " -"named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the " -"<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file <filename>debian." -"lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> " -"contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site " -"<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> " -"architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the " -"<literal>unstable</literal> distribution." +"Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) " +"per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section <literal>External-" +"Links</literal> setting." msgstr "" +"Specifica il numero dei kilobyte da scollegare (e sostituire con " +"collegamenti fisici) per esecuzione. Viene usato insieme all'impostazione " +"per sezione <literal>External-Links</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:536 -msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:231 +msgid "" +"Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All " +"index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask." msgstr "" +"Specifica la modalità di tutti i file indice creati. Il valore predefinito è " +"0644. Tutti i file di indice sono impostati a questa modalità a prescindere " +"dall'umask." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:538 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:238 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:384 msgid "" -"Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or " -"more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This " -"provides a place for comments." +"Specifies whether long descriptions should be included in the " +"<filename>Packages</filename> file or split out into a master " +"<filename>Translation-en</filename> file." msgstr "" +"Specifica se le descrizioni lunghe debbano essere incluse nel file " +"<filename>Packages</filename> o separate in un file <filename>Translation-" +"en</filename> principale." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:547 -msgid "Tracking Stable" -msgstr "" +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:244 +msgid "<literal>TreeDefault</literal> Section" +msgstr "Sezione <literal>TreeDefault</literal>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:555 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:246 msgid "" -"Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n" -"Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release a=stable\n" -"Pin-Priority: 900\n" -"\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release o=Debian\n" -"Pin-Priority: -10\n" +"Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these " +"variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), " +"$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values." msgstr "" +"Imposta valori predefiniti specifici per le sezioni <literal>Tree</literal>. " +"Tutte queste variabili sono variabili di sostituzione in cui le stringhe " +"$(DIST), $(SECTION) e $(ARCH) verranno sostituite dai loro rispettivi valori." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:549 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:253 msgid "" -"The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " -"higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " -"<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " -"package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> " -"distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each day. " +"The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they will all " +"be rebuilt." msgstr "" +"Imposta il numero di kilobyte di file Contents che vengono generati ogni " +"giorno. I file Contents sono ruotati a turno in modo da venire rigenerati " +"tutti nel giro di alcuni giorni." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:572 apt_preferences.5.xml:618 -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:676 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:260 msgid "" -"apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n" -"apt-get upgrade\n" -"apt-get dist-upgrade\n" +"Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without " +"changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is updated. " +"This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way that does " +"not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A hold off " +"is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a new file " +"anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days." msgstr "" +"Controlla il numero di giorni durante i quali un file Contents può essere " +"controllato senza modifiche. Al superamento di questo limite, l'orario mtime " +"del file Contents viene aggiornato. Questo può succedere se il file Packages " +"viene modificato in un modo che non ha come risultato un nuovo file Contents " +"[ad esempio una modifica di override]. È consentito un certo ritardo, nella " +"speranza che vengano installati nuovi pacchetti .deb, il che richiederebbe " +"comunque la creazione di un nuovo file. Il valore predefinito è 10, i valori " +"sono espressi in giorni." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:567 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:271 msgid "" -"With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " -"the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " -"<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/" +"$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>" msgstr "" +"Imposta la radice dell'albero della directory dei .deb. Il valore " +"predefinito è <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:584 -#, no-wrap -msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:277 +msgid "" +"Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to <filename>" +"$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>" msgstr "" +"Imposta la radice dell'albero della directory dei pacchetti sorgente. Il " +"valore predefinito è <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:578 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:283 msgid "" -"The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " -"latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package " -"will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder " -"type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/" +"binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>" msgstr "" +"Imposta il file Packages di uscita. Il valore predefinito è <filename>" +"$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:590 -msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:289 +msgid "" +"Sets the output Sources file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/" +"source/Sources</filename>" msgstr "" +"Imposta il file Sources di uscita. Il valore predefinito è <filename>$(DIST)/" +"$(SECTION)/source/Sources</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:599 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:295 msgid "" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release a=testing\n" -"Pin-Priority: 900\n" -"\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release a=unstable\n" -"Pin-Priority: 800\n" -"\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release o=Debian\n" -"Pin-Priority: -10\n" +"Sets the output Translation-en master file with the long descriptions if " +"they should be not included in the Packages file. Defaults to <filename>" +"$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/i18n/Translation-en</filename>" msgstr "" +"Imposta il file Translation-en principale di uscita contenente le " +"descrizioni lunghe se non devono essere incluse nel file Packages. Il valore " +"predefinito è <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/i18n/Translation-en</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:592 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:302 msgid "" -"The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority " -"to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a " -"lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> " -"distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from " -"other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder type=" -"\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link " +"instead of an external link. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</" +"filename>" msgstr "" +"Imposta il prefisso del percorso che fa sì che un collegamento simbolico sia " +"considerato un collegamento interno invece che esterno. Il valore " +"predefinito è <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</filename>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:613 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:309 msgid "" -"With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " -"the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " -"<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/" +"Contents-$(ARCH)</filename>. If this setting causes multiple Packages files " +"to map onto a single Contents file (as is the default) then <command>apt-" +"ftparchive</command> will integrate those package files together " +"automatically." msgstr "" +"Imposta il file Contents di uscita. Il valore predefinito è <filename>" +"$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/Contents-$(ARCH)</filename>. Se questa impostazione fa sì " +"che più file Packages corrispondano a un solo file Contents (come avviene " +"con il valore predefinito), allora <command>apt-ftparchive</command> unirà " +"automaticamente insieme questi file dei pacchetti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:633 -#, no-wrap -msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:318 +msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output." +msgstr "Imposta il file di intestazione da anteporre all'output dei contenuti." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:323 +msgid "" +"Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections " +"can share the same database." msgstr "" +"Imposta il database per la cache binaria da usare per questa sezione. Lo " +"stesso database può essere condiviso da più sezioni." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:624 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:329 msgid "" -"The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " -"latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. " -"Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to " -"the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent " -"than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>unstable</" -"literal> version if that is more recent than the installed version. " -"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, <command>apt-" +"ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the given file. " +"Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory." msgstr "" +"Specifica che invece di percorrere l'albero delle directory, <command>apt-" +"ftparchive</command> deve leggere la lista dei file dal file dato. I nomi " +"relativi dei file vengono fatti precedere dalla directory archivio." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:640 -msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:336 +msgid "" +"Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, <command>apt-" +"ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the given file. " +"Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. This is used " +"when processing source indexes." msgstr "" +"Specifica che invece di percorrere l'albero delle directory, <command>apt-" +"ftparchive</command> deve leggere la lista dei file dal file dato. I nomi di " +"file relativi vengono fatti precedere dalla directory archivio. Questa " +"opzione viene usata quando si elaborano gli indici dei sorgenti." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:654 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:344 +msgid "<literal>Tree</literal> Section" +msgstr "Sezione <literal>Tree</literal>" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:346 msgid "" -"Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package versions\n" -"Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with &testing-codename; or sid\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" -"Pin-Priority: 900\n" -"\n" -"Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release n=sid\n" -"Pin-Priority: 800\n" -"\n" -"Package: *\n" -"Pin: release o=Debian\n" -"Pin-Priority: -10\n" +"The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree " +"which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base " +"directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact " +"pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution " +"variable." msgstr "" +"La sezione <literal>Tree</literal> definisce un albero di file standard " +"Debian che consiste in una directory di base, quindi più sezioni in quella " +"directory di base e infine più architetture in ogni sezione. Gli esatti " +"percorsi usati sono definiti dalla variabile di sostituzione " +"<literal>Directory</literal>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:642 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:351 msgid "" -"The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " -"higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " -"specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " -"package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, " -"codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow " -"the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to " -"<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you " -"want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> " -"notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example " -"configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" +"The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the " +"<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the " +"path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a " +"setting such as <filename>dists/&stable-codename;</filename>." msgstr "" +"La sezione <literal>Tree</literal> accetta un tag di ambito che imposta la " +"variabile <literal>$(DIST)</literal> e definisce la radice dell'albero (il " +"percorso viene fatto precedere da <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Di solito " +"è un'impostazione simile a <filename>dists/&stable-codename;</filename>." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:671 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:356 msgid "" -"With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " -"the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in " -"the release codenamed with <literal>&testing-codename;</literal>. " -"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" +"All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section " +"can be used in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new " +"variables." msgstr "" +"Tutte le impostazioni definite nella sezione <literal>TreeDefault</literal> " +"possono essere usate in una sezione <literal>Tree</literal>, oltre a tre " +"nuove variabili." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:691 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:362 #, no-wrap -msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n" +msgid "" +"for i in Sections do \n" +" for j in Architectures do\n" +" Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n" +" " msgstr "" +"for i in Sections do \n" +" for j in Architectures do\n" +" Genera per DIST=ambito SECTION=i ARCH=j\n" +" " #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:682 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:359 msgid "" -"The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " -"latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, " -"<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most " -"recent <literal>&testing-codename;</literal> version if that is more recent " -"than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>sid</" -"literal> version if that is more recent than the installed version. " -"<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:700 -msgid "&file-preferences;" +"When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section <command>apt-ftparchive</" +"command> performs an operation similar to: <placeholder type=\"programlisting" +"\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Quando elabora una sezione <literal>Tree</literal>, <command>apt-ftparchive</" +"command> esegue un'operazione simile a: <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: apt_preferences.5.xml:706 -msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:370 +msgid "" +"This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the " +"distribution; typically this is something like <literal>main contrib non-" +"free</literal>" msgstr "" +"Questa è una lista di sezioni che appaiono sotto la distribuzione, separate " +"da spazi; tipicamente è simile a <literal>main contrib non-free</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> -#: sources.list.5.xml:33 -msgid "Package resource list for APT" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:377 +msgid "" +"This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under " +"search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that " +"this tree has a source archive." msgstr "" +"Questa è una lista di tutte le architetture che appaiono sotto una sezione, " +"separate da spazi. L'architettura speciale «source» è usata per indicare che " +"questo albero ha un archivio sorgente." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:37 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:390 msgid "" -"The package resource list is used to locate archives of the package " -"distribution system in use on the system. At this time, this manual page " -"documents only the packaging system used by the Debian GNU/Linux system. " -"This control file is <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>." +"Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority " +"and maintainer address information." msgstr "" +"Imposta il file override binario. Il file override contiene informazioni " +"sulla sezione, la priorità e l'indirizzo del manutentore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:42 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:396 msgid "" -"The source list is designed to support any number of active sources and a " -"variety of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the most " -"preferred source listed first. The format of each line is: <literal>type uri " -"args</literal> The first item, <literal>type</literal> determines the format " -"for <literal>args</literal>. <literal>uri</literal> is a Universal Resource " -"Identifier (URI), which is a superset of the more specific and well-known " -"Universal Resource Locator, or URL. The rest of the line can be marked as a " -"comment by using a #." +"Sets the source override file. The override file contains section " +"information." msgstr "" +"Imposta il file override sorgente. Il file override contiene informazioni " +"sulla sezione." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: sources.list.5.xml:53 -msgid "sources.list.d" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:402 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:448 +msgid "Sets the binary extra override file." +msgstr "Imposta il file override binario extra." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:54 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:407 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:453 +msgid "Sets the source extra override file." +msgstr "Imposta il file override sorgente extra." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:412 +msgid "<literal>BinDirectory</literal> Section" +msgstr "Sezione <literal>BinDirectory</literal>" + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:414 msgid "" -"The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to " -"add sources.list entries in separate files. The format is the same as for " -"the regular <filename>sources.list</filename> file. File names need to end " -"with <filename>.list</filename> and may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), " -"digits (0-9), underscore (_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. " -"Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has ignored a file if the file " -"doesn't match a pattern in the <literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> " -"configuration list - in this case it will be silently ignored." +"The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree " +"with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the " +"binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> " +"section with no substitution variables or <literal>Section</" +"literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings." msgstr "" +"La sezione <literal>bindirectory</literal> definisce un albero di directory " +"dei binari senza una struttura speciale. Il tag di ambito specifica la " +"posizione della directory dei binari e le impostazioni sono simili a quelle " +"della sezione <literal>Tree</literal> senza variabili di sostituzione o " +"impostazioni <literal>Section</literal><literal>Architecture</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: sources.list.5.xml:65 -msgid "The deb and deb-src types" -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:422 +msgid "Sets the Packages file output." +msgstr "Imposta l'output del file Packages." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:66 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:427 msgid "" -"The <literal>deb</literal> type describes a typical two-level Debian " -"archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. Typically, " -"<literal>distribution</literal> is generally an archivename like " -"<literal>stable</literal> or <literal>testing</literal> or a codename like " -"<literal>&stable-codename;</literal> or <literal>&testing-codename;</" -"literal> while component is one of <literal>main</literal> <literal>contrib</" -"literal> or <literal>non-free</literal>. The <literal>deb-src</literal> type " -"describes a debian distribution's source code in the same form as the " -"<literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> line is required " -"to fetch source indexes." +"Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or " +"<literal>Sources</literal> is required." msgstr "" +"Imposta l'output del file Sources. È obbligatorio almeno uno fra " +"<literal>Packages</literal> e <literal>Sources</literal>." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:433 +msgid "Sets the Contents file output (optional)." +msgstr "Imposta l'output del file Contents (opzionale)." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:438 +msgid "Sets the binary override file." +msgstr "Imposta il file override binario." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:443 +msgid "Sets the source override file." +msgstr "Imposta il file override sorgente." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:458 +msgid "Sets the cache DB." +msgstr "Imposta il DB della cache." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:463 +msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths." +msgstr "Aggiunge un percorso a tutti i percorsi di uscita." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:468 +msgid "Specifies the file list file." +msgstr "Specifica il file con l'elenco dei file." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:475 +msgid "The Binary Override File" +msgstr "Il file override binario" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:78 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:476 msgid "" -"The format for a <filename>sources.list</filename> entry using the " -"<literal>deb</literal> and <literal>deb-src</literal> types is:" +"The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It " +"contains four fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package " +"name, the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the " +"section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer " +"permutation field." msgstr "" +"Il file override binario è completamente compatibile con &dpkg-" +"scanpackages;. Contiene quattro campi separati da spazi. Il primo campo è il " +"nome del pacchetto, il secondo è la priorità a cui forzare quel pacchetto, " +"il terzo è la sezione in cui forzare quel pacchetto e l'ultimo campo è il " +"campo di permutazione del manutentore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:81 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:482 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb [ options ] uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]" -msgstr "" +msgid "old [// oldn]* => new" +msgstr "vecchio [// vecchio...]* => nuovo" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:83 -msgid "" -"The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the " -"Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. " -"<literal>distribution</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the " -"components must be omitted and <literal>distribution</literal> must end with " -"a slash (/). This is useful for when the case only a particular sub-section " -"of the archive denoted by the URI is of interest. If <literal>distribution</" -"literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one <literal>component</" -"literal> must be present." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:484 +#, no-wrap +msgid "new" +msgstr "nuovo" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:92 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:481 msgid "" -"<literal>distribution</literal> may also contain a variable, <literal>$(ARCH)" -"</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (i386, m68k, " -"powerpc, ...) used on the system. This permits architecture-independent " -"<filename>sources.list</filename> files to be used. In general this is only " -"of interest when specifying an exact path, <literal>APT</literal> will " -"automatically generate a URI with the current architecture otherwise." +"The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder type=" +"\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" " +"id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash separated list of old email " +"addresses to be specified. If any of those are found then new is substituted " +"for the maintainer field. The second form unconditionally substitutes the " +"maintainer field." msgstr "" +"La forma generale del campo manutentore è: <placeholder type=\"literallayout" +"\" id=\"0\"/> o semplicemente <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/" +">. La prima forma consente di specificare una lista di vecchi indirizzi di " +"posta elettronica separati da una doppia sbarra. Se qualcuno di essi viene " +"trovato, allora il campo manutentore viene sostituito con «nuovo». La " +"seconda forma sostituisce invariabilmente il campo manutentore." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:492 +msgid "The Source Override File" +msgstr "Il file override sorgente" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:100 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:494 msgid "" -"Since only one distribution can be specified per line it may be necessary to " -"have multiple lines for the same URI, if a subset of all available " -"distributions or components at that location is desired. APT will sort the " -"URI list after it has generated a complete set internally, and will collapse " -"multiple references to the same Internet host, for instance, into a single " -"connection, so that it does not inefficiently establish an FTP connection, " -"close it, do something else, and then re-establish a connection to that same " -"host. This feature is useful for accessing busy FTP sites with limits on the " -"number of simultaneous anonymous users. APT also parallelizes connections to " -"different hosts to more effectively deal with sites with low bandwidth." +"The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It " +"contains two fields separated by spaces. The first field is the source " +"package name, the second is the section to assign it." msgstr "" +"Il file override sorgente è completamente compatibile con &dpkg-" +"scansources;. Contiene due campi separati da spazi. Il primo campo è il nome " +"del pacchetto sorgente, il secondo è la sezione a cui assegnarlo." + +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:499 +msgid "The Extra Override File" +msgstr "Il file override extra" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:112 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:501 msgid "" -"<literal>options</literal> is always optional and needs to be surounded by " -"square brackets. It can consist of multiple settings in the form " -"<literal><replaceable>setting</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</" -"replaceable></literal>. Multiple settings are separated by spaces. The " -"following settings are supported by APT, note though that unsupported " -"settings will be ignored silently:" +"The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in " +"the output. It has three columns, the first is the package, the second is " +"the tag and the remainder of the line is the new value." msgstr "" +"Il file override extra permette di aggiungere o sostituire nell'output un " +"tag arbitrario. Ha tre colonne: la prima per il pacchetto, la seconda per il " +"tag e il resto della riga è il nuovo valore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:117 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:512 msgid "" -"<literal>arch=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>,<replaceable>arch2</" -"replaceable>,…</literal> can be used to specify for which architectures " -"packages information should be downloaded. If this option is not set all " -"architectures defined by the <literal>APT::Architectures</literal> option " -"will be downloaded." +"Generate the given checksum. These options default to on, when turned off " +"the generated index files will not have the checksum fields where possible. " +"Configuration Items: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Checksum</" +"replaceable></literal> and <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Index</" +"replaceable>::<replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> where " +"<literal><replaceable>Index</replaceable></literal> can be " +"<literal>Packages</literal>, <literal>Sources</literal> or <literal>Release</" +"literal> and <literal><replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> can be " +"<literal>MD5</literal>, <literal>SHA1</literal> or <literal>SHA256</literal>." msgstr "" +"Genera i codici di controllo specificati. Queste opzioni sono abilitate in " +"modo predefinito; quando vengono disabilitate i file indice non hanno, " +"quando ciò è possibile, i campi dei codici di controllo. Voci di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Codice-di-controllo</" +"replaceable></literal> e <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Indice</" +"replaceable>::<replaceable>Codice-di-controllo</replaceable></literal> dove " +"<literal><replaceable>Indice</replaceable></literal> può essere " +"<literal>Packages</literal>, <literal>Sources</literal> o <literal>Release</" +"literal> e <literal><replaceable>Codice-di-controllo</replaceable></literal> " +"può essere <literal>MD5</literal>, <literal>SHA1</literal> o " +"<literal>SHA256</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:121 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:523 msgid "" -"<literal>trusted=yes</literal> can be set to indicate that packages from " -"this source are always authenticated even if the <filename>Release</" -"filename> file is not signed or the signature can't be checked. This " -"disables parts of &apt-secure; and should therefore only be used in a local " -"and trusted context. <literal>trusted=no</literal> is the opposite which " -"handles even correctly authenticated sources as not authenticated." +"Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>." msgstr "" +"Usa un DB per la cache binaria. Questo non ha effetto sul comando generate. " +"Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:128 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:529 msgid "" -"It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most " -"preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by " -"speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, " -"followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:133 -msgid "Some examples:" +"Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " +"More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " +"<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " +"file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" +"Silenzioso; produce un output adatto per un file di registro, omettendo gli " +"indicatori di avanzamento. Ulteriori q produrranno un risultato ancor più " +"silenzioso, fino a un massimo di 2. È anche possibile usare <option>-q=n</" +"option> per impostare il livello di silenziosità, scavalcando il file di " +"configurazione. Voce di configurazione: <literal>quiet</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:135 -#, no-wrap +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:537 msgid "" -"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main contrib non-free\n" -"deb http://security.debian.org/ &stable-codename;/updates main contrib non-free\n" -" " -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: sources.list.5.xml:141 -msgid "URI specification" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:146 -msgid "file" +"Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used " +"then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on " +"and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration " +"Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>." msgstr "" +"Effettua il de-collegamento. Se viene usata l'impostazione <literal>External-" +"Links</literal> allora questa opzione abilita di fatto il de-collegamento " +"dei file. È attiva in modo predefinito e può essere disabilitata con " +"<option>--no-delink</option>. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::" +"FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:148 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:545 msgid "" -"The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be " -"considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or " -"archives." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:153 -msgid "cdrom" +"Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are " +"being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted " +"and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this " +"option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. " +"Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>." msgstr "" +"Effettua la generazione dei Contents. Se viene impostata questa opzione e " +"gli indici dei pacchetti sono generati con un DB della cache, allora anche " +"l'elenco dei file verrà estratto e memorizzato nel DB per gli usi futuri. " +"Quando si usa il comando generate questa opzione permette anche la creazione " +"di qualsiasi file Contents. È attiva in modo predefinito. Voce di " +"configurazione: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:155 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:555 msgid "" -"The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CDROM drive with media swapping. " -"Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the source list." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:160 -msgid "http" +"Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> " +"command. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</" +"literal>." msgstr "" +"Seleziona il file override sorgente da usare con il comando " +"<literal>sources</literal>. Voce di configurazione <literal>APT::FTPArchive::" +"SourceOverride</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:162 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:561 msgid "" -"The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for the archive. If an environment " -"variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is set with the format http://server:" -"port/, the proxy server specified in <envar>http_proxy</envar> will be used. " -"Users of authenticated HTTP/1.1 proxies may use a string of the format " -"http://user:pass@server:port/. Note that this is an insecure method of " -"authentication." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:171 -msgid "ftp" +"Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" +"FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>." msgstr "" +"Rende i database delle cache in sola lettura. Voce di configurazione: " +"<literal>APT::FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:173 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:566 msgid "" -"The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for the archive. APT's FTP behavior " -"is highly configurable; for more information see the &apt-conf; manual page. " -"Please note that a ftp proxy can be specified by using the <envar>ftp_proxy</" -"envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify a http proxy (http " -"proxy servers often understand ftp urls) using this method and ONLY this " -"method. ftp proxies using http specified in the configuration file will be " -"ignored." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:182 -msgid "copy" +"Accept in the <literal>packages</literal> and <literal>contents</literal> " +"commands only package files matching <literal>*_arch.deb</literal> or " +"<literal>*_all.deb</literal> instead of all package files in the given " +"path. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Architecture</literal>." msgstr "" +"Accetta per i comandi <literal>packages</literal> e <literal>contents</" +"literal> solo i file di pacchetto che corrispondono a <literal>*_arch.deb</" +"literal> o <literal>*_all.deb</literal> invece di tutti i file di pacchetto " +"nel percorso specificato. Voce di configurazione: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::" +"Architecture</literal>." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:184 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:574 msgid "" -"The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are " -"copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. " -"This is useful for people using a zip disk to copy files around with APT." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:189 -msgid "rsh" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:189 -msgid "ssh" +"&apt-ftparchive; caches as much as possible of metadata in a cachedb. If " +"packages are recompiled and/or republished with the same version again, this " +"will lead to problems as the now outdated cached metadata like size and " +"checksums will be used. With this option enabled this will no longer happen " +"as it will be checked if the file was changed. Note that this option is set " +"to \"<literal>false</literal>\" by default as it is not recommend to upload " +"multiply versions/builds of a package with the same versionnumber, so in " +"theory nobody will have these problems and therefore all these extra checks " +"are useless." msgstr "" +"&apt-ftparchive; memorizza in un database cache il maggior numero possibile " +"di metadati. Se i pacchetti sono ricompilati o ripubblicati nuovamente con " +"la stessa versione, questo causa problemi dato che verranno usati dei " +"metadati in cache, come la dimensione e i codici di controllo, non più " +"aggiornati. Notare che questa opzione è impostata in modo predefinito a " +"«<literal>false</literal>» dato che non è raccomandabile caricare più " +"versioni/compilazioni di un pacchetto con lo stesso numero di versione, " +"perciò in teoria nessuno dovrebbe avere di questi problemi e di conseguenza " +"tutti questi controlli aggiuntivi sono inutili." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:191 +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:586 msgid "" -"The rsh/ssh method invokes rsh/ssh to connect to a remote host as a given " -"user and access the files. It is a good idea to do prior arrangements with " -"RSA keys or rhosts. Access to files on the remote uses standard " -"<command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> commands to perform the " -"file transfers from the remote." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> -#: sources.list.5.xml:199 -msgid "more recognizable URI types" +"This configuration option defaults to \"<literal>true</literal>\" and should " +"only be set to <literal>\"false\"</literal> if the Archive generated with " +"&apt-ftparchive; also provides <filename>Translation</filename> files. Note " +"that the <filename>Translation-en</filename> master file can only be created " +"in the generate command." msgstr "" +"Questa opzione di configurazione è impostata a «<literal>true</literal>» in " +"modo predefinito e dovrebbe essere impostata a <literal>«false»</literal> " +"solamente se l'archivio generato con &apt-ftparchive; fornisce anche file " +"<filename>Translation</filename>. Notare che il file principale " +"<filename>Translation-en</filename> può essere creato solamente con il " +"comando generate." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:201 -msgid "" -"APT can be extended with more methods shipped in other optional packages " -"which should follow the nameing scheme <literal>apt-transport-" -"<replaceable>method</replaceable></literal>. The APT team e.g. maintains " -"also the <literal>apt-transport-https</literal> package which provides " -"access methods for https-URIs with features similar to the http method, but " -"other methods for using e.g. debtorrent are also available, see " -"<citerefentry> <refentrytitle><filename>apt-transport-debtorrent</filename></" -"refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting> +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:604 +#, no-wrap +msgid "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages <replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > <filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n" +msgstr "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages <replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > <filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:143 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:600 msgid "" -"The currently recognized URI types are cdrom, file, http, ftp, copy, ssh, " -"rsh. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>" +"To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary " +"packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Per creare un file Packages compresso per una directory contenente pacchetti " +"binari (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:215 +#: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:614 msgid "" -"Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/jason/debian for " -"stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free." +"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " +"100 on error." msgstr "" +"<command>apt-ftparchive</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento " +"normale e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:217 +#. type: TH +#: apt.8:17 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian stable main contrib non-free" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:219 -msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution." -msgstr "" +msgid "apt" +msgstr "apt" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:220 +#. type: TH +#: apt.8:17 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free" -msgstr "" +msgid "16 June 1998" +msgstr "16 giugno 1998" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:222 -msgid "Source line for the above" -msgstr "" +#. type: TH +#: apt.8:17 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Debian" +msgstr "Debian" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:223 +#. type: SH +#: apt.8:18 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb-src file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free" -msgstr "" +msgid "NAME" +msgstr "NOME" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:225 -msgid "" -"The first line gets package information for the architectures in " -"<literal>APT::Architectures</literal> while the second always retrieves " -"<literal>amd64</literal> and <literal>armel</literal>." -msgstr "" +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:20 +msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool" +msgstr "apt - Advanced Package Tool (strumento avanzato per i pacchetti)" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:227 +#. type: SH +#: apt.8:20 #, no-wrap -msgid "" -"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main\n" -"deb [ arch=amd64,armel ] http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main" -msgstr "" +msgid "SYNOPSIS" +msgstr "SINTASSI" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:230 -msgid "" -"Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the " -"hamm/main area." -msgstr "" +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:22 +msgid "B<apt>" +msgstr "B<apt>" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:232 +#. type: SH +#: apt.8:22 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main" -msgstr "" +msgid "DESCRIPTION" +msgstr "DESCRIZIONE" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:234 +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:31 msgid "" -"Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " -"directory, and uses only the &stable-codename;/contrib area." +"APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day " +"package management there are several frontends available, such as B<aptitude>" +"(8) for the command line or B<synaptic>(8) for the X Window System. Some " +"options are only implemented in B<apt-get>(8) though." msgstr "" +"APT è un sistema di gestione per i pacchetti software. Per la normale " +"gestione quotidiana dei pacchetti sono disponibili diverse interfacce, quali " +"B<aptitude>(8) per la riga di comando o B<synaptic>(8) per il sistema X " +"Window. Comunque alcune opzioni sono implementate solo in B<apt-get>(8)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:236 +#. type: SH +#: apt.8:31 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; contrib" -msgstr "" +msgid "SEE ALSO" +msgstr "VEDERE ANCHE" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:238 +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:38 msgid "" -"Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " -"directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as " -"well as the one in the previous example in <filename>sources.list</filename> " -"a single FTP session will be used for both resource lines." +"B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), " +"B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)" msgstr "" +"B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), " +"B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:242 +#. type: SH +#: apt.8:38 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib" +msgid "DIAGNOSTICS" +msgstr "DIAGNOSTICA" + +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:40 +msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error." msgstr "" +"apt restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento normale e il valore decimale " +"100 in caso di errore." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> -#: sources.list.5.xml:251 +#. type: SH +#: apt.8:40 #, no-wrap -msgid "deb http://ftp.tlh.debian.org/universe unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/" -msgstr "" +msgid "BUGS" +msgstr "BUG" -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:244 +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:42 +msgid "This manpage isn't even started." +msgstr "Questa pagina di manuale non è neanche stata iniziata." + +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:51 msgid "" -"Uses HTTP to access the archive at ftp.tlh.debian.org, under the universe " -"directory, and uses only files found under <filename>unstable/binary-i386</" -"filename> on i386 machines, <filename>unstable/binary-amd64</filename> on " -"amd64, and so forth for other supported architectures. [Note this example " -"only illustrates how to use the substitution variable; official debian " -"archives are not structured like this] <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"See E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. If you wish to report a bug in " +"B<apt>, please see I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> or the " +"B<reportbug>(1) command." msgstr "" +"Vedere E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. Per segnalare un bug in B<apt>, " +"vedere I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> o il comando B<reportbug>" +"(1)." -#. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: sources.list.5.xml:256 -msgid "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;" -msgstr "" +#. type: SH +#: apt.8:51 +#, no-wrap +msgid "AUTHOR" +msgstr "AUTORE" + +#. type: Plain text +#: apt.8:52 +msgid "apt was written by the APT team E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>." +msgstr "apt è stato scritto dal Team APT E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>." #. type: <title> #: guide.sgml:4 -#, fuzzy msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "Guida dell'utente di APT" #. type: #: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -#, fuzzy msgid "Jason Gunthorpe jgg@debian.org" msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe jgg@debian.org" #. type: #: guide.sgml:7 -#, fuzzy msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.it.sgml,v 1.5 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" #. type: #: guide.sgml:11 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." -msgstr "Guida per l'uso del gestore di pacchetti APT." +msgstr "" +"Questo documento fornisce una panoramica su come usare il gestore di " +"pacchetti APT." #. type: #: guide.sgml:15 -#, fuzzy msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " "published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, " "or (at your option) any later version." msgstr "" -"\"APT\" e questo documento sono software libero, e li si può ridistribuire e/" -"o modificare secondo i termini della Licenza Pubblica Generica GNU (GPL), " -"pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation, nella versione 2 o (se preferite) " -"qualsiasi versione successiva." +"«APT» e questo documento sono software libero; li si può ridistribuire e/o " +"modificare secondo i termini della Licenza Pubblica Generica GNU (GPL), " +"pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation, nella versione 2 o (a propria " +"scelta) qualsiasi versione successiva." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"For more details, on Debian GNU/Linux systems, see the file /usr/share/" -"common-licenses/GPL for the full license." +"For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" +"GPL for the full license." msgstr "" -"Per ulteriori dettagli sui sistemi GNU/Linux si veda il testo completo della " +"Per ulteriori dettagli, sui sistemi Debian, si veda il testo completo della " "licenza nel file /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL." #. type: #: guide.sgml:32 -#, fuzzy msgid "General" msgstr "Descrizione generale" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:38 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT dselect method and the apt-get command line user interface. Both " "provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " "packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -"Il pacchetto APT al momento contiene due sezioni, il metodo APT " -"dselect e l'interfaccia utente a linea di comando apt-" -"get; entrambi danno modo di installare e rimuovere pacchetti, e di " -"scaricarne altri da Internet." +"Il pacchetto APT al momento contiene due sezioni, il metodo APT per " +"dselect e l'interfaccia utente a riga di comando apt-get; entrambi forniscono un modo per installare e rimuovere pacchetti, " +"così come per scaricarne di nuovi da Internet." #. type: #: guide.sgml:39 -#, fuzzy msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" -msgstr "Anatomia del sistema di pacchettizzazione" +msgstr "Anatomia del sistema dei pacchetti" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:44 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " "the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system." msgstr "" -"Il sistema di pacchettizzazione di Debian contiene un gran numero di " -"informazioni associate a ciascun pacchetto, per assicurarsi che si integri " -"facilmente ed in maniera pulita nel sistema; la più importante di esse è il " +"Il sistema dei pacchetti di Debian contiene un gran numero di informazioni " +"associate a ciascun pacchetto, per garantire che si integri facilmente ed in " +"maniera pulita nel sistema. La sua caratteristica più importante è il " "sistema di dipendenze." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:52 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -6073,15 +8493,14 @@ msgid "" "in mail transport agents, X servers and so on." msgstr "" "Il sistema di dipendenze permette ai singoli programmi di fare uso degli " -"elementi condivisi del sistema, quali le librerie; per ridurre il numero di " -"elementi che l'utente medio debba installare, le porzioni di programmi che " -"non vengono usate spesso vengono poste in pacchetti separati. Inoltre, è " -"possibile avere più di una scelta per cose quali i programmi di posta " -"elettronica, i server X e così via." +"elementi condivisi del sistema, quali le librerie. Semplifica l'inserimento " +"delle porzioni di un programma usate raramente in pacchetti separati per " +"ridurre il numero di cose che l'utente medio deve installare. Inoltre, rende " +"possibile avere più di una scelta per cose quali i programmi di " +"trasferimento della posta elettronica, i server X e così via." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:57 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -6094,22 +8513,20 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:63 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " "simple dependency on GPG. Also, because it is an emacs extension it has a " "simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless." msgstr "" -"Ad esempio, mail-crypt è un'estensione di emacs che aiuta a criptare le mail " -"con PGP. Se PGP non è installato, mail-crypt è inutile, quindi mail-crypt ha " -"una dipendenza semplice da PGP. Inoltre, dato che si tratta di un'estensione " -"di emacs, mail-crypt dipende anche da emacs, senza il quale è totalmente " -"inutile." +"Ad esempio, mailcrypt è un'estensione di emacs che aiuta a cifrare i " +"messaggi di posta elettronica GPG. Se GPG non è installato, mailcrypt è " +"inutile, quindi mailcrypt ha una dipendenza semplice da GPG. Inoltre, dato " +"che si tratta di un'estensione di emacs, mailcrypt ha anche una dipendenza " +"semplice da emacs, senza il quale è totalmente inutile." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:73 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -6121,18 +8538,17 @@ msgid "" "other mail transport agents." msgstr "" "L'altro tipo di dipendenza importante da capire è la dipendenza di " -"conflitto; con questa, un pacchetto che venga installato insieme ad un altro " -"pacchetto non funziona, e si hanno seri problemi al sistema. Come esempio, " -"si consideri un programma di trasporto della posta, quale sendmail, exim o " -"qmail: non è possibile averne due contemporaneamente, perché entrambi hanno " -"bisogno di restare in ascolto sulla stessa porta di rete per ricevere la " -"posta. Tentare di installarne due danneggerebbe seriamente il sistema, " -"quindi ciascun programma di trasporto della posta ha una dipendenza di " -"conflitto con tutti gli altri." +"conflitto; significa che un pacchetto, quando è installato insieme ad un " +"altro, non funziona e potrebbe potenzialmente causare seri danni al sistema. " +"Come esempio, si consideri un programma di trasporto della posta, quale " +"sendmail, exim o qmail: non è possibile averne installati due " +"contemporaneamente, perché entrambi hanno bisogno di restare in ascolto " +"sulla rete per ricevere la posta. Tentare di installarne due danneggerebbe " +"seriamente il sistema, quindi ciascun programma di trasporto della posta ha " +"una dipendenza di conflitto verso tutti gli altri." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:83 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -6143,38 +8559,36 @@ msgid "" "depend on mail-transport-agent. This can add a great deal of confusion when " "trying to manually fix packages." msgstr "" -"Come ulteriore complicazione, c'è la possibilità che un pacchetto voglia " -"prendere il posto di un altro; ad esempio, exim e sendmail per molte cose " -"sono identici, dato che entrambi gestiscono la posta e comprendono " -"un'interfaccia comune, quindi il sistema di pacchettizzazione deve " -"dichiarare che sono entrambi agenti di trasporto della posta, e che gli " -"altri pacchetti a cui serve uno dei due devono dipendere da un pacchetto " -"fittizio agente-di-trasporto-della-posta. Quando si modificano a mano i " +"Come ulteriore complicazione, c'è la possibilità per un pacchetto di far " +"finta di essere un altro. Ad esempio, exim e sendmail sono dal lato pratico " +"identici, dato che entrambi consegnano la posta e utilizzano un'interfaccia " +"comune. Il sistema dei pacchetti quindi fornisce un mezzo con cui entrambi " +"possono dichiarare di essere programmi di trasporto della posta; perciò " +"entrambi dichiarano di fornire un mail-transport-agent e gli altri pacchetti " +"che hanno bisogno di un programma di trasferimento della posta possono " +"dipendere da mail-transport-agent. Quando si cerca di modificare a mano i " "pacchetti, questo può portare a moltissima confusione." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:88 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " "issues by providing a number of automatic algorithms that help in selecting " "packages for installation." msgstr "" -"In ciascun momento una singola dipendenza può essere soddisfatta o meno dai " -"pacchetti già installati; APT cerca di risolvere i problemi di dipendenze " -"con un buon numero di algoritmi automatici, che aiutano a selezionare i " -"pacchetti da installare." +"In un determinato momento una singola dipendenza può essere soddisfatta dai " +"pacchetti già installati o può non esserlo; APT cerca di risolvere i " +"problemi di dipendenze fornendo svariati algoritmi automatici, che aiutano a " +"selezionare i pacchetti da installare." #. type: #: guide.sgml:96 -#, fuzzy msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:102 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "apt-get provides a simple way to install packages from the " "command line. Unlike dpkg, apt-get does not " @@ -6182,13 +8596,12 @@ msgid "" "install .deb archives from a Source." msgstr "" "apt-get fornisce un modo semplice di installare i pacchetti " -"dalla linea di comando. Diversamente da dpkg, apt-get non capisce i nomi dei file .deb, ma utilizza il vero nome dei " -"pacchetti, e può installare archivi .deb solo da una fonte." +"dalla riga di comando. Diversamente da dpkg, apt-get non tratta i file .deb, ma utilizza il vero nome dei pacchetti e può " +"installare archivi .deb solo da una fonte." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:109 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The first

If you are using an http proxy server you must set " "the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)

apt-get update. For " "instance," msgstr "" -"La prima

Se state usando un proxy server http, dovete prima " +"La prima

Se si sta usando un server proxy http, si deve prima " "ancora impostare la variabile d'ambiente http_proxy; vedere sources.list(5)." -"

 cosa da fare prima di usare apt-get è impostare " -"l'elenco dei pacchetti dalle fonti in modo che il programma sappia quali " -"pacchetti sono disponibili. Lo si fa con apt-get update. Ad esempio," +"

 cosa da fare prima di usare apt-get è scaricare " +"gli elenchi dei pacchetti dalle fonti in modo che il programma " +"sappia quali pacchetti sono disponibili. Lo si fa con apt-get update. Ad esempio," #. type: #: guide.sgml:116 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" @@ -6214,26 +8628,23 @@ msgid "" "Building Dependency Tree... Done" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" -"Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" -"Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" -"Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Scaricamento di: http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" +"Scaricamento di: http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" +"Lettura elenco dei pacchetti... Fatto\n" +"Generazione albero delle dipendenze... Fatto" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:120 -#, fuzzy msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" -msgstr "Dopo aver aggiornato l'elenco si possono usare molti comandi:" +msgstr "Una volta aggiornato l'elenco, si possono usare svariati comandi:" #. type: #: guide.sgml:121 -#, fuzzy msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:131 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " @@ -6244,22 +8655,21 @@ msgid "" "apt-get install can be used to force these packages to install." msgstr "" "Upgrade tenterà di fare un aggiornamento indolore del sistema completo, " -"senza installare nuovi pacchetti o rimuoverne di esistenti, e senza " -"aggiornare un pacchetto che possa rovinarne altri. Upgrade farà un elenco di " -"tutti i pacchetti che non avrà potuto aggiornare, cosa che in genere " -"significa che questi dipendono da nuovi pacchetti o vanno in conflitto con " -"altri. Per forzare la loro installazione si può usare dselect o " -"apt-get install." +"senza installare mai nuovi pacchetti o rimuoverne di esistenti, e senza mai " +"aggiornare un pacchetto se ciò ne rende altri difettosi. Può essere usato " +"quotidianamente per fare un aggiornamento relativamente sicuro del sistema. " +"Upgrade elencherà tutti i pacchetti che non avrà potuto aggiornare, cosa che " +"in genere significa che questi dipendono da nuovi pacchetti o che vanno in " +"conflitto con altri. Per forzare la loro installazione si può usare " +"dselect o apt-get install." #. type: #: guide.sgml:131 -#, fuzzy msgid "install" msgstr "install" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:140 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -6269,24 +8679,22 @@ msgid "" "listed packages and will print a summary and ask for confirmation if " "anything other than its arguments are changed." msgstr "" -"Install viene usato per installare i singoli pacchetti dando il loro nome. " -"Il pacchetto viene automaticamente scaricato ed installato, cosa molto utile " -"se già se ne conosce il nome e non si vuole entrare in grafica per " +"Install viene usato per installare i pacchetti per nome. Il pacchetto viene " +"automaticamente scaricato ed installato; questo può essere utile se già se " +"ne conosce il nome e non si vuole entrare in un'interfaccia grafica per " "selezionarlo. Al comando si possono passare anche più pacchetti, che saranno " -"tutti scaricati. L'installazione automatica cerca di risolvere i problemi di " -"dipendenze con gli altri pacchetti elencati, stampa un riassunto e chiede " -"conferma se si devono modificare altri pacchetti che non siano quelli sulla " -"linea di comando." +"tutti scaricati. Install cerca automaticamente di risolvere i problemi di " +"dipendenze dei pacchetti elencati, stampa un riassunto e chiede conferma se " +"devono essere modificati altri pacchetti che non siano quelli sulla riga di " +"comando." #. type: #: guide.sgml:140 -#, fuzzy msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:149 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " @@ -6296,19 +8704,18 @@ msgid "" "dselect. Once dist-upgrade has completed then dselect can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." msgstr "" -"Dist-upgrade fa un aggiornamento completo, progettato in modo da rendere " -"semplici gli aggiornamenti tra versioni di Debian. Usa un algoritmo " +"Dist-upgrade fa un aggiornamento completo ed è progettato in modo da rendere " +"semplici gli aggiornamenti tra i rilasci di Debian. Usa un algoritmo " "sofisticato per determinare il miglior insieme di pacchetti da installare, " -"aggiornare e rimuovere per arrivare alla versione più aggiornata del sistema " -"possibile. In alcune situazioni può essere vantaggioso usare dist-upgrade " -"invece che sprecare tempo a risolvere manualmente le dipendenze con " -"dselect. Una volta completato dist-upgrade, si può usare " -"dselect per installare eventuali pacchetti che sono stati " -"tralasciati." +"aggiornare e rimuovere per migrare alla versione più recente la maggior " +"parte del sistema possibile. In alcune situazioni può essere vantaggioso " +"usare dist-upgrade invece di dedicare tempo a risolvere manualmente le " +"dipendenze con dselect. Una volta completato il lavoro di dist-" +"upgrade, si può usare dselect per installare eventuali " +"pacchetti che sono stati tralasciati." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:152 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." @@ -6319,6 +8726,14 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:163 #, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "apt-get has several command line options that are detailed " +#| "in its man page, . The most useful " +#| "option is -d which does not install the fetched files. If the " +#| "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " +#| "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When -d is " +#| "used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the " +#| "command that caused them to be downloaded again without -d." msgid "" "apt-get has several command line options that are detailed in " "its man page, . The most useful " @@ -6328,62 +8743,60 @@ msgid "" "the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " "caused them to be downloaded again without -d." msgstr "" -"apt-get ha diverse opzioni a linea di comando, che vengono " -"documentate dettagliatamente nella sua pagina man, . L'opzione più utile è -d, che non installa i " -"file scaricati: se il sistema deve scaricare un gran numero di pacchetti, " -"non è bene farglieli installare subito, in caso dovesse andare male " -"qualcosa. Dopo aver usato -d, gli archivi scaricati possono essere " -"installati semplicemente dando di nuovo lo stesso comando senza l'opzione " -"-d." +"apt-get ha diverse opzioni per la riga di comando, che sono " +"documentate dettagliatamente nella sua pagina di manuale, . L'opzione più utile è -d, che non installa " +"i file scaricati; se il sistema deve scaricare un gran numero di pacchetti, " +"non è bene iniziare ad installarli nel caso qualcosa dovesse andare storto. " +"Quando si usa -d, gli archivi scaricati possono essere installati " +"semplicemente eseguendo di nuovo lo stesso comando senza l'opzione -d." #. type: #: guide.sgml:168 -#, fuzzy msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:173 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The APT dselect method provides the complete APT system with " "the dselect package selection GUI. dselect is used " "to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " "them." msgstr "" -"Il metodo APT di dselect fornisce tutte le funzionalità di APT " -"all'interno dell'interfaccia grafica di selezione dei pacchetti " +"Il metodo APT di dselect fornisce tutte le funzionalità del " +"sistema APT con l'interfaccia grafica di selezione dei pacchetti " "dselect. dselect viene usato per selezionare i " -"pacchetti da installare o rimuovere, ed APT li installa." +"pacchetti da installare o rimuovere, ed APT fa l'effettiva installazione." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:184 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in dselect " "and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " "Sources which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CDROMs. Each source can " +"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " "provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " -"combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CDROM then it " -"is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " +"combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " +"it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " -"your CDROM before downloading from the Internet." -msgstr "" -"Per abilitare il metodo APT dovete selezionare [A]ccess in dselect e scegliere il metodo APT; vi verrà chiesto un insieme di fonti " -"(Sources), cioè di posti da cui scaricare gli archivi. Tali fonti " -"possono essere siti Internet remoti, mirror locali di Debian o CDROM; " -"ciascuna di esse può fornire una parte dell'archivio Debian, ed APT le " -"combinerà insieme in un set completo di pacchetti. Se avete un CDROM è una " -"buona idea indicare quello per primo, e poi i mirror, in modo da avere " -"accesso alle ultime versioni; APT userà in questo modo automaticamente i " -"pacchetti sul CDROM prima di scaricarli da Internet." +"your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." +msgstr "" +"Per abilitare il metodo APT si deve selezionare [A]ccess in dselect e scegliere il metodo APT; verrà chiesto un insieme di fonti " +"(Sources), cioè di posti da cui scaricare gli archivi. Possono " +"essere siti Internet remoti, mirror locali di Debian o CD-ROM; ogni fonte " +"può fornire una parte dell'intero archivio Debian, ed APT le combinerà " +"automaticamente insieme per formare un insieme completo di pacchetti. Se si " +"ha un CD-ROM allora è una buona idea indicarlo per primo e poi specificare " +"un mirror, in modo da avere accesso alle ultime versioni con le soluzioni " +"dei bug. APT in questo modo userà automaticamente i pacchetti sul CD-ROM " +"prima di scaricarli da Internet." #. type: #: guide.sgml:198 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" "\t \n" @@ -6413,19 +8826,18 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:205 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The Sources setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " "archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " "get." msgstr "" -"La configurazione delle fonti inizia chiedendo la base dell'archivio Debian, " -"propone come default un mirror HTTP, e poi chiede la distribuzione da " -"scaricare." +"La configurazione delle fonti inizia chiedendo la base " +"dell'archivio Debian, proponendo in modo predefinito un mirror HTTP; " +"successivamente viene chiesta la distribuzione da scaricare." #. type: #: guide.sgml:212 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" @@ -6441,7 +8853,6 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:222 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, stable refers to the latest released version and unstable refers to " @@ -6450,16 +8861,16 @@ msgid "" "that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " "into the US is legal however." msgstr "" -"La distribuzione (``distribution'') fa riferimento alla versione Debian " -"dell'archivio: stable è l'ultima rilasciata, ed unstable è " -"quella di sviluppo. non-US è disponibile solo su alcuni mirror, e " -"contiene dei pacchetti in cui viene usata della tecnologia di criptazione o " -"altre cose che non possano essere esportate dagli Stati Uniti; importare " -"questi pacchetti negli US è però legale." +"La distribuzione indica la versione Debian dell'archivio: stable è " +"l'ultima versione rilasciata e unstable è quella di sviluppo. " +"non-US è disponibile solo su alcuni mirror e contiene dei pacchetti " +"in cui viene usata della tecnologia di cifratura o altre cose che non " +"possono essere esportate dagli Stati Uniti; importare questi pacchetti negli " +"USA è però legale." #. type: #: guide.sgml:228 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" @@ -6473,33 +8884,30 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:236 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " "packages while contrib and non-free contain things that have various " "restrictions placed on their use and distribution." msgstr "" -"L'elenco dei componenti (``components'') si riferisce alla lista di sotto-" -"distribuzioni da scaricare. Ciascuna distribuzione viene divisa in base al " -"copyright del software: la main contiene pacchetti la cui licenza soddisfa " -"le DFSG, mentre contrib e non-free contengono software che ha diverse " -"restrizioni sull'uso e sulla distribuzione." +"L'elenco delle componenti indica la lista di sottodistribuzioni da " +"scaricare. Ciascuna distribuzione viene suddivisa in base alle licenze del " +"software: la componente main contiene pacchetti liberi secondo le DFSG, " +"mentre contrib e non-free contengono software che ha diverse restrizioni " +"sull'uso e sulla distribuzione." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:240 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." msgstr "" -"Si possono inserire un qualsiasi numero di fonti, e lo script di " -"configurazione continuerà a chiedere fino a che abbiate specificato tutti " -"gli elementi che volete." +"Si può aggiungere un qualsiasi numero di fonti, e lo script di " +"configurazione continuerà a chiedere fino a che non sono state specificate " +"tutte quelle desiderate." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:247 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Before starting to use dselect it is necessary to update the " "available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " @@ -6507,15 +8915,14 @@ msgid "" "dselect. [U]pdate must be performed even if apt-get update has been run before." msgstr "" -"Prima di cominciare ad usare dselect è necessario aggiornare " +"Prima di cominciare a usare dselect è necessario aggiornare " "l'elenco dei pacchetti disponibili selezionando [U]pdate dal menù: si tratta " -"di un sovrainsieme di ciò che fa apt-get update, che rende " -"l'informazione scaricata disponibile a dselect. [U]pdate deve " -"essere fatto anche se prima è stato dato apt-get update." +"di un sovrainsieme di ciò che fa apt-get update, che rende le " +"informazioni scaricate disponibili a dselect. [U]pdate deve " +"essere usato anche se prima è stato eseguito apt-get update." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:253 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -6529,25 +8936,23 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:258 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " "have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place Dselect::" "clean \"prompt\"; in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" -"Per default APT rimuoverà automaticamente i pacchetti che sono stati " -"installati con successo. Per modificare questo comportamento, si inserisca " -"Dselect::clean \"prompt\"; in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"In modo predefinito APT rimuoverà automaticamente i file (.deb) dei " +"pacchetti che sono stati installati con successo. Per modificare questo " +"comportamento, inserire Dselect::clean \"prompt\"; in /etc/apt/apt." +"conf." #. type: #: guide.sgml:264 -#, fuzzy msgid "The Interface" msgstr "L'interfaccia" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:278 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Both that APT dselect method and apt-get share the " "same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " @@ -6558,66 +8963,62 @@ msgid "" "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -"Entrambi i metodi, dselect APT ed apt-get, " +"Sia il metodo APT per dselect sia apt-get " "condividono la stessa interfaccia; si tratta di un sistema semplice che " "indica in genere cosa sta per fare, e poi lo fa.

Il metodo " -"dselect è in realtà un insieme di script di wrapper ad " -"apt-get. Il metodo fornisce delle funzionalità maggiori del " -"solo apt-get.

 Dopo la stampa di un riassunto " -"delle operazioni che saranno fatte, APT stampa dei messaggi informativi " -"sullo stato del sistema, in modo che possiate avere davanti agli occhi a " -"quale punto dell'operazione si trova, e quanto ancora si deve aspettare." +"dselect è in realtà un insieme di script di wrapper per " +"apt-get. Il metodo di fatto fornisce delle funzionalità " +"maggiori del solo apt-get.

Dopo la stampa di un " +"riassunto delle operazioni che saranno fatte, APT stampa dei messaggi " +"informativi sullo stato, in modo da poter avere un'idea del punto a cui " +"arrivato e di quanto ci sia ancora da fare." #. type: #: guide.sgml:280 -#, fuzzy msgid "Startup" msgstr "Avvio" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:284 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " "At any time these operations can be performed by running apt-get check." msgstr "" -"Prima di ciascuna operazione, eccetto l'aggiornamento della lista, APT " -"compie alcune operazioni per prepararsi, oltre a dei controlli dello stato " -"del sistema. In qualsiasi momento le stesse operazioni possono essere fatte " -"con apt-get check" +"Prima di ogni operazione, eccetto update, APT compie alcune operazioni per " +"preparare il suo stato interno; fa inoltre dei controlli sullo stato del " +"sistema. In qualsiasi momento le stesse operazioni possono essere fatte con " +"apt-get check." #. type: #: guide.sgml:289 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" -"Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependancy Tree... Done" +"Lettura elenco pacchetti... Fatto\n" +"Generazione albero delle dipendenze... Fatto" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:297 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " "If some of the package files are not found then they will be ignored and a " "warning will be printed when apt-get exits." msgstr "" -"La prima cosa che fa è leggere tutti i file dei pacchetti in memoria, usando " -"uno schema di caching in modo da rendere la stessa operazione più veloce la " -"seconda volta che la si fa. Se alcuni dei file dei pacchetti non vengono " +"La prima cosa che fa è leggere tutti i file dei pacchetti in memoria; APT " +"usa un sistema di cache in modo da rendere la stessa operazione più veloce " +"la seconda volta che la si fa. Se alcuni dei file dei pacchetti non vengono " "trovati, sono ignorati e viene stampato un avvertimento all'uscita di apt-" "get." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:303 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " @@ -6627,12 +9028,12 @@ msgstr "" "L'operazione finale consiste in un'analisi dettagliata delle dipendenze del " "sistema: viene controllato che tutte le dipendenze dei singoli pacchetti " "installati o non scompattati siano soddisfatte. Se vengono individuati dei " -"problemi, viene stampato un resoconto, ed apt-get esce senza " +"problemi, viene stampato un resoconto, e apt-get esce senza " "eseguire alcuna operazione." #. type: #: guide.sgml:320 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" @@ -6651,24 +9052,23 @@ msgid "" " libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" -"Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependancy Tree... Done\n" -"You might want to run apt-get -f install' to correct these.\n" -"Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" -" 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" -" uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" -" aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" -" debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" -" cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +"Lettura elenco pacchetti... Fatto\n" +"Generazione albero delle dipendenze... Fatto\n" +"È utile eseguire \"run apt-get -f install\" per correggere ciò.\n" +"I seguenti pacchetti hanno dipendenze non soddisfatte:\n" +" 9fonts: Dipende: xlib6g ma non è installato\n" +" uucp: Dipende: mailx ma non è installato\n" +" blast: Dipende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ma non è installato\n" +" adduser: Dipende: perl-base ma non è installato\n" +" aumix: Dipende: libgpmg1 ma non è installato\n" +" debiandoc-sgml: Dipende: sgml-base ma non è installato\n" +" bash-builtins: Dipende: bash (>= 2.01) ma la versione 2.0-3 è installata\n" +" cthugha: Dipende: svgalibg1 ma non è installato\n" +" Dipende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ma non è installato\n" +" libreadlineg2: Va in conflitto: libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:329 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -6677,14 +9077,13 @@ msgid "" "problem is also included." msgstr "" "In questo esempio il sistema ha molti problemi, tra cui uno piuttosto serio " -"con la libreadlineg2. Per ciascun pacchetto che ha dipendenze non " -"soddisfatte, viene stampata una linea che indica il pacchetto che crea il " -"problema e quali problemi ci sono. Viene inclusa inoltre una breve " -"spiegazione del perché il pacchetto ha un problema di dipendenze." +"con libreadlineg2. Per ciascun pacchetto che ha dipendenze non soddisfatte, " +"viene stampata una riga che indica il pacchetto con il problema e quali " +"dipendenze non sono soddisfatte. Viene inclusa inoltre una breve spiegazione " +"del perché il pacchetto ha un problema di dipendenze." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:337 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " "is caused by dpkg missing some subtle relationships between " @@ -6694,18 +9093,17 @@ msgid "" "situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " "installed." msgstr "" -"Ci sono due modi in cui un sistema possa arrivare in uno stato problematico " -"di questo genere: il primo è causato dal fatto che dpkg possa " -"mancare alcune relazioni sottili tra pacchetti durante un aggiornamento del " -"sistema

APT considera comunque tutte le dipendenze note, e cerca " -"di prevenire problemi ai pacchetti

; il secondo è possibile se " -"l'installazione di un pacchetto fallisce, ed in questo caso è possibile che " -"un pacchetto venga scompattato senza che tutti quelli da cui dipende siano " -"stati installati." +"Ci sono due modi in cui un sistema può arrivare in uno stato problematico di " +"questo genere: il primo avviene se dpkg non ha ravvisato alcune " +"relazioni delicate tra i pacchetti durante un aggiornamento. " +"

APT invece considera tutte le dipendenze note e cerca di " +"evitare la presenza di pacchetti difettosi.

 Il secondo è " +"possibile se l'installazione di un pacchetto fallisce; in questo caso è " +"possibile che un pacchetto venga scompattato senza che tutti quelli da cui " +"dipende siano stati installati." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:345 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " @@ -6714,16 +9112,15 @@ msgid "" "dselect method always supplies the -f option to allow " "for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." msgstr "" -"La seconda possibilità è meno seria della prima, dato che APT gestisce " -"l'ordine di installazione dei pacchetti; in entrambi i casi l'opzione -" -"f di apt-get gli farà trovare una soluzione e lo farà " -"continuare. Il metodo APT di dselect comprende sempre l'opzione " -"-f per permettere di configurare facilmente anche i pacchetti con " -"script errati." +"La seconda situazione è molto meno seria della prima, dato che APT pone " +"alcune restrizioni sull'ordine di installazione dei pacchetti. In entrambi i " +"casi l'opzione -f di apt-get farà sì che APT trovi una " +"soluzione possibile e possa continuare. Il metodo APT di dselect comprende sempre l'opzione -f per permettere di continuare " +"facilmente anche in caso di script dei manutentori errati." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:351 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "However, if the -f option is used to correct a seriously broken " "system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " @@ -6731,21 +9128,20 @@ msgid "" "necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " "the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." msgstr "" -"Se viene usata però l'opzione -f per correggere un sistema in uno " -"stato molto problematico, è possibile che anche con l'opzione il programma " -"fallisca, subito o durante la sequenza di installazione. In entrambi i casi " -"è necessario usare dpkg a mano (probabilmente usando delle opzioni di " -"forzatura) per correggere quanto basta per poter fare continuare APT." +"Tuttavia, se l'opzione -f viene usata per correggere un sistema in " +"uno stato molto problematico causato da una situazione del primo tipo, è " +"possibile che l'operazione fallisca subito o che fallisca durante la " +"sequenza di installazione. In entrambi i casi è necessario usare dpkg a mano " +"(probabilmente usando delle opzioni di forzatura) per correggere quanto " +"basta per poter fare continuare APT." #. type: #: guide.sgml:356 -#, fuzzy msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "Il resoconto sullo stato" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:363 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Before proceeding apt-get will present a report on what will " "happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " @@ -6755,20 +9151,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Prima di procedere, apt-get presenterà un resoconto delle " "operazioni che sta per fare. In genere tale resoconto varierà con il tipo di " -"operazioni da fare, ma ci sono alcuni elementi comuni: in tutti i casi gli " -"elenchi dipendono dallo stato finale delle cose, e tengono conto " -"dell'opzione -f e di altre attività rilevanti per il comando da " -"eseguire." +"operazione da fare, ma ci sono svariati elementi comuni: in tutti i casi gli " +"elenchi riflettono lo stato finale delle cose, e tengono conto dell'opzione " +"-f e di altre attività rilevanti per il comando da eseguire." #. type: #: guide.sgml:364 -#, fuzzy msgid "The Extra Package list" -msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti Extra" +msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti extra" #. type: #: guide.sgml:372 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" @@ -6777,7 +9171,7 @@ msgid "" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" " ssh" msgstr "" -"The following extra packages will be installed:\n" +"I seguenti pacchetti saranno inoltre installati:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" @@ -6786,28 +9180,25 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:379 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " "generated for an install command. The listed packages are often the " "result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" -"L'elenco dei pacchetti Extra mostra tutti i pacchetti che verranno " -"installati o aggiornati oltre a quelli indicati sulla linea di comando. " -"Viene generato solo per il comando install. I pacchetti elencati " -"sono spesso il risultato di un'operazione di auto installazione (Auto " -"Install)." +"L'elenco dei pacchetti extra mostra tutti i pacchetti che verranno " +"installati o aggiornati oltre a quelli indicati sulla riga di comando. Viene " +"generato solo per il comando install. I pacchetti elencati sono " +"spesso il risultato di un'operazione di installazione automatica." #. type: #: guide.sgml:382 -#, fuzzy msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "I pacchetti da rimuovere" #. type: #: guide.sgml:389 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" @@ -6815,7 +9206,7 @@ msgid "" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" " nas xpilot xfig" msgstr "" -"The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" +"I seguenti pacchetti saranno RIMOSSI:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" @@ -6823,7 +9214,6 @@ msgstr "" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:399 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " @@ -6833,64 +9223,60 @@ msgid "" "that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " "possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" -"L'elenco dei pacchetti da rimuovere (Remove) indica tutti i pacchetti che " -"verranno rimossi dal sistema. Può essere mostrato per una qualsiasi delle " -"operazioni, e deve sempre essere esaminato attentamente per assicurarsi che " -"non venga eliminato qualcosa di importante. Con l'opzione -f è " -"particolarmente probabile che vengano eliminati dei pacchetti, ed in questo " -"caso va fatta estrema attenzione. La lista può contenere dei pacchetti che " -"verranno rimossi perché sono già rimossi parzialmente, forse a causa di " -"un'installazione non terminata correttamente." +"L'elenco dei pacchetti da rimuovere indica tutti i pacchetti che verranno " +"rimossi dal sistema. Può essere mostrato per una qualsiasi delle operazioni, " +"e deve sempre essere esaminato attentamente per assicurarsi che non venga " +"eliminato qualcosa di importante. Con l'opzione -f è " +"particolarmente probabile che vengano eliminati dei pacchetti, perciò in " +"questo caso va fatta particolare attenzione. L'elenco può contenere dei " +"pacchetti che verranno rimossi perché sono solo parzialmente installati, " +"forse a causa di un'installazione non terminata correttamente." #. type: #: guide.sgml:402 -#, fuzzy msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "L'elenco dei nuovi pacchetti installati" #. type: #: guide.sgml:406 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" " zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" msgstr "" -"The following NEW packages will installed:\n" +"I seguenti pacchetti NUOVI saranno installati:\n" " zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:411 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " "done." msgstr "" -"L'elenco dei nuovi pacchetti installati (New) è semplicemente un appunto su " +"L'elenco dei nuovi pacchetti installati è semplicemente un promemoria su " "quello che accadrà. I pacchetti nell'elenco non sono al momento installati " "nel sistema, ma lo saranno alla fine delle operazioni di APT." #. type: #: guide.sgml:414 -#, fuzzy msgid "The Kept Back list" -msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti trattenuti" +msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti bloccati" #. type: #: guide.sgml:419 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" " gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" msgstr "" -"The following packages have been kept back\n" +"I seguenti pacchetti sono stati mantenuti alla versione attuale:\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" " gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:428 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " @@ -6902,50 +9288,46 @@ msgstr "" "In ogni caso in cui il sistema viene aggiornato nel suo insieme, c'è la " "possibilità che non possano venire installate nuove versioni di alcuni " "pacchetti, dato che potrebbero richiedere l'installazione di pacchetti non " -"presenti nel sistema, o entrare in conflitto con altri già presenti. In " -"questo caso, il pacchetto viene elencato nella lista di quelli trattenuti " -"(Kept Back). Il miglior modo per convincere i pacchetti elencati in questa " -"lista è di installarli con apt-get install o usare dselect per risolvere i problemi." +"presenti nel sistema o entrare in conflitto con altri già presenti. In " +"questo caso, il pacchetto viene elencato nella lista di quelli mantenuti " +"alla versione attuale. Il miglior modo per forzare l'installazione dei " +"pacchetti elencati in questa lista è installarli con apt-get install o usare dselect per risolvere i problemi." #. type: #: guide.sgml:431 -#, fuzzy msgid "Held Packages warning" -msgstr "Messaggi di attenzione sui pacchetti trattenuti" +msgstr "Messaggi di avvertimento sui pacchetti bloccati" #. type: #: guide.sgml:435 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" " cvs" msgstr "" -"The following held packages will be changed:\n" +"I seguenti pacchetti bloccati saranno cambiati:\n" " cvs" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:441 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " "This should only happen during dist-upgrade or install." msgstr "" "A volte si può richiedere ad APT di installare un pacchetto che è stato " -"trattenuto; in questi casi viene stampato un messaggio di attenzione, che " -"avverte che il pacchetto verrà modificato. Questo dovrebbe accadere solo " -"durante operazioni di dist-upgrade o di install." +"bloccato; in questi casi viene stampato un messaggio che avverte che il " +"pacchetto verrà modificato. Questo dovrebbe accadere solo durante operazioni " +"di dist-upgrade o di install." #. type: #: guide.sgml:444 -#, fuzzy msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Resoconto finale" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:447 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" @@ -6953,19 +9335,18 @@ msgstr "" #. type: #: guide.sgml:452 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" "Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." msgstr "" -"206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" -"12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"206 aggiornati, 8 installati, 23 da rimuovere e 51 non aggiornati.\n" +"12 non completamente installati o rimossi..\n" +"È necessario scaricare 65.7M/66.7M di archivi. Dopo quest'operazione, verranno occupati 26.5M di spazio su disco." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:470 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -6981,23 +9362,22 @@ msgid "" "If a large number of packages are being removed then the value may indicate " "the amount of space that will be freed." msgstr "" -"La prima linea del riassunto è semplicemente una versione ridotta di tutte " -"le liste, ed include il numero di aggiornamenti -- cioè dei pacchetti già " -"installati per cui sono disponibili nuove versioni. La seconda linea indica " +"La prima riga del riassunto è semplicemente una versione ridotta di tutti " +"gli elenchi ed include il numero di aggiornamenti, cioè dei pacchetti già " +"installati per cui è disponibile una nuova versione. La seconda riga indica " "il numero di pacchetti con problemi di configurazione, probabilmente in " -"conseguenza di un'installazione non andata a buon fine. La linea finale " -"indica i requisiti di spazio dell'installazione: i primi due numeri indicano " -"rispettivamente il numero di byte che devono essere trasferiti da posizioni " -"remote, ed il secondo la dimensione totale di tutti gli archivi necessari " -"per l'installazione. Il numero successivo indica la differenza in dimensione " -"tra i pacchetti già installati e quelli che lo saranno, ed è " -"approssimativamente equivalente allo spazio richiesto in /usr dopo " -"l'installazione. Se si stanno rimuovendo dei pacchetti, il valore può " -"indicare lo spazio che verrà liberato." +"conseguenza di un'installazione non andata a buon fine. La riga finale " +"indica i requisiti di spazio dell'installazione; i primi due numeri " +"riguardano la dimensione dei file archivio: indicano rispettivamente il " +"numero di byte che devono essere trasferiti da posizioni remote e la " +"dimensione totale di tutti gli archivi necessari. Il numero successivo " +"indica la differenza in dimensione tra i pacchetti già installati e quelli " +"che lo saranno, ed è approssimativamente equivalente allo spazio richiesto " +"in /usr dopo l'installazione. Se si stanno rimuovendo molti pacchetti, " +"allora il valore può indicare lo spazio che verrà liberato." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:473 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." @@ -7007,23 +9387,21 @@ msgstr "" #. type: #: guide.sgml:477 -#, fuzzy msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "La visualizzazione dello stato" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:481 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." msgstr "" -"Durante il download degli archivi e dei file dei pacchetti, APT stampa una " -"serie di messaggi di stato." +"Durante lo scaricamento degli archivi e dei file dei pacchetti APT stampa " +"una serie di messaggi di stato." #. type: #: guide.sgml:490 -#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -7034,16 +9412,15 @@ msgid "" "11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" -"Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" -"Get:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" -"Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" -"Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" -"Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" +"Scaricamento di:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" +"Scaricamento di:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" +"Trovato http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" +"Scaricamento di:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" +"Scaricamento di:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" "11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:500 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The lines starting with Get are printed out when APT begins to " "fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " @@ -7052,15 +9429,15 @@ msgid "" "apt-get update estimates the percent done which causes some " "inaccuracies." msgstr "" -"Le linee che cominciano con Get vengono stampate quando APT inizia " -"a scaricare un file, e l'ultima linea indica il progresso dell'operazione. " -"Il primo valore in percentuale indica la percentuale totale di tutti i file; " -"dato che la dimensione dei file Package non è nota, purtroppo a volte " -"apt-get update fa una stima poco accurata." +"Le righe che cominciano con Scaricamento di vengono stampate quando " +"APT inizia a scaricare un file, mentre l'ultima riga indica il progresso " +"dell'operazione. Il primo valore in percentuale nella riga di progresso " +"indica la percentuale totale scaricata di tutti i file; dato che la " +"dimensione dei file Package non è nota, purtroppo a volte apt-get " +"update fa una stima poco accurata." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:509 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " @@ -7070,17 +9447,17 @@ msgid "" "The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " "archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." msgstr "" -"La sezione successiva della linea di stato viene ripetuta una volta per " -"ciascuna fase del download, ed indica l'operazione in corso, insieme ad " -"alcune informazioni utili su cosa stia accadendo. A volte questa sezione " +"La sezione successiva della riga di stato viene ripetuta una volta per " +"ciascuna istanza di scaricamento, ed indica l'operazione in corso, insieme " +"ad alcune informazioni utili su cosa stia accadendo. A volte questa sezione " "contiene solamente Forking, che significa che il sistema operativo " -"sta caricando il modulo. La prima parola dopo la parentesi quadra aperta è " -"il nome breve dell'oggetto che si sta scaricando, che per gli archivi è il " -"nome del pacchetto." +"sta caricando il modulo per lo scaricamento. La prima parola dopo la " +"parentesi quadra aperta è il numero dello scaricamento come mostrato nelle " +"righe della cronologia. La parola successiva è il nome breve dell'oggetto " +"che si sta scaricando, che per gli archivi è il nome del pacchetto." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:524 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " @@ -7096,25 +9473,24 @@ msgid "" "regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " "rate." msgstr "" -"All'interno delle virgolette c'è una stringa informativa, che indica il " -"progresso della fase di negoziazione del download. Tipicamente comincia con " -"Connecting, procede con Waiting for file e poi con " -"Downloading o Resuming. Il valore finale è il numero di " -"byte che sono stati scaricati dal sito remoto: una volta cominciato il " -"download viene rappresentato come 102/10.2k, che indica che sono " -"stati scaricati 102 byte di 10.2 kilobyte. La dimensione totale viene sempre " -"espressa in notazione a quattro cifre, per risparmiare spazio. Dopo la " -"dimensione viene indicato un indicatore progressivo della percentuale del " -"file. Il penultimo elemento è la velocità istantanea media, che viene " -"aggiornata ogni 5 secondi, e riflette la velocità di trasferimento dei dati " -"in quel periodo. Infine, viene visualizzato il tempo stimato per il " -"trasferimento, che viene aggiornato periodicamente e riflette il tempo " -"necessario per completare tutte le operazioni alla velocità di trasferimento " -"mostrata." +"All'interno delle virgolette singole c'è una stringa informativa, che indica " +"il progresso della fase di negoziazione dello scaricamento. Tipicamente " +"comincia con Connecting, procede con Waiting for file e " +"poi con Downloading o Resuming; il valore finale è il " +"numero di byte che sono stati scaricati dal sito remoto. Una volta " +"cominciato lo scaricamento, viene rappresentato come 102/10.2k, che " +"indica che sono stati scaricati 102 byte su 10,2 kilobyte attesi. La " +"dimensione totale viene sempre espressa in notazione a quattro cifre, per " +"risparmiare spazio. Dopo la dimensione viene indicato un indicatore " +"progressivo della percentuale del file. Il penultimo elemento è la velocità " +"istantanea media, che viene aggiornata ogni 5 secondi e riflette la velocità " +"di trasferimento dei dati in quel periodo. Infine, viene visualizzato il " +"tempo stimato per il trasferimento, che viene aggiornato periodicamente e " +"riflette il tempo necessario per completare tutte le operazioni alla " +"velocità di trasferimento mostrata." #. type:

#: guide.sgml:530 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " @@ -7123,21 +9499,19 @@ msgid "" "display." msgstr "" "La visualizzazione dello stato viene aggiornata ogni mezzo secondo per " -"fornire un feedback costante del processo di download, e le linee Get " -"scorrono indietro quando viene cominciato il download di un nuovo file. Dato " +"fornire un feedback costante sul processo di scaricamento, e le righe Get " +"scorrono in alto quando viene avviato lo scaricamento di un nuovo file. Dato " "che la visualizzazione dello stato viene costantemente aggiornata, non è " "adatta per essere registrata in un file; per non visualizzarla si può usare " "l'opzione -q." #. type: #: guide.sgml:535 -#, fuzzy msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" #. type:

#: guide.sgml:542 -#, fuzzy msgid "" "APT uses dpkg for installing the archives and will switch over " "to the dpkg interface once downloading is completed. " @@ -7147,23 +9521,22 @@ msgid "" "questions are too varied to discuss completely here." msgstr "" "APT usa dpkg per installare gli archivi e passerà " -"all'interfaccia dpkg una volta finito il download. dpkg porrà anche alcune domande durante la manipolazione dei pacchetti, ed " -"i pacchetti stessi potranno farne altre. Prima di ciascuna domanda viene " -"proposta una descrizione di quello che sta per chiedere, e le domande sono " -"troppo diverse per poter essere discusse in maniera completa in questa " -"occasione." +"all'interfaccia di dpkg una volta completati gli scaricamenti. " +"dpkg porrà anche alcune domande durante l'elaborazione dei " +"pacchetti, ed i pacchetti stessi potranno farne altre. Prima di ciascuna " +"domanda viene proposta di solito una descrizione di ciò che viene chiesto, e " +"le domande sono troppo diverse per poter essere discusse in maniera completa " +"in questa occasione." #. type: #: offline.sgml:4 msgid "Using APT Offline" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Usare APT offline" #. type: #: offline.sgml:7 -#, fuzzy msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.it.sgml,v 1.5 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" #. type: #: offline.sgml:12 @@ -7171,22 +9544,24 @@ msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." msgstr "" +"Questo documento descrive come usare APT in un ambiente non connesso in " +"rete, specificatamente un approccio «sfrutta-altra-rete» per fare gli " +"aggiornamenti." #. type: #: offline.sgml:16 -#, fuzzy msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." #. type: #: offline.sgml:32 msgid "Introduction" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Introduzione" #. type: #: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 msgid "Overview" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Panoramica" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:40 @@ -7196,6 +9571,10 @@ msgid "" "machine is on a slow link, such as a modem and another machine has a very " "fast connection but they are physically distant." msgstr "" +"Normalmente APT richiede l'accesso diretto ad un archivio Debian, attraverso " +"un supporto locale o la rete. Un problema comune è che una macchina Debian " +"ha un collegamento lento, come un modem, e un'altra macchina ha una " +"connessione veloce, ma le due sono fisicamente distanti." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:51 @@ -7210,6 +9589,17 @@ msgid "" "the machine downloading the packages, and target host the one with " "bad or no connection." msgstr "" +"La soluzione è usare supporti rimovibili grandi come un disco Zip o uno " +"SuperDisk. Questi dischi non sono grandi abbastanza per memorizzare l'intero " +"archivio Debian, ma possono facilmente contenere un sottoinsieme " +"sufficientemente grande per la maggior parte degli utenti. L'idea è di usare " +"APT per generare un elenco di pacchetti che sono necessari e poi scaricarli " +"nel disco usando un'altra macchina con una buona connettività. È possibile " +"anche usare un'altra macchina Debian con APT o usare un sistema operativo " +"completamente diverso e uno strumento per scaricare file come wget. In " +"questo documento con host remoto viene indicata la macchina che " +"scarica i pacchetti, e host di destinazione è quella senza " +"connessione o con una connessione non buona." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:57 @@ -7219,11 +9609,16 @@ msgid "" "that the disc should be formated with a filesystem that can handle long file " "names such as ext2, fat32 or vfat." msgstr "" +"Per mettere in pratica la soluzione si deve modificare in modo particolare " +"il file di configurazione di APT. Come premessa essenziale, si deve dire ad " +"APT di cercare in un disco i suoi file archivio. Notare che il disco deve " +"essere formattato con un file system che può gestire i nomi di file lunghi, " +"come ext2, fat32 o vfat." #. type: #: offline.sgml:63 msgid "Using APT on both machines" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Usare APT su entrambe le macchine" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:71 @@ -7233,6 +9628,11 @@ msgid "" "remote machine to fetch the latest package files and decide which packages " "to download. The disk directory structure should look like:" msgstr "" +"La configurazione più semplice si ha se APT è disponibile su entrambe le " +"macchine. L'idea di base è di mettere una copia del file di stato sul disco " +"e usare la macchina remota per scaricare i file dei pacchetti più recenti e " +"per decidere quali pacchetti scaricare. La struttura delle directory sul " +"disco deve essere simile a:" #. type: #: offline.sgml:80 @@ -7247,11 +9647,19 @@ msgid "" " sources.list\n" " apt.conf" msgstr "" +" /disc/\n" +" archives/\n" +" partial/\n" +" lists/\n" +" partial/\n" +" status\n" +" sources.list\n" +" apt.conf" #. type: #: offline.sgml:88 msgid "The configuration file" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Il file di configurazione" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:96 @@ -7263,6 +9671,13 @@ msgid "" "target host. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " "use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." msgstr "" +"Il file di configurazione deve indicare ad APT di memorizzare i suoi file " +"sul disco e di usare i file di configurazione anch'essi sul disco. Il file " +"sources.list deve contenere i siti appropriati che si desiderano usare dalla " +"macchina remota e il file di stato dovrebbe essere una copia di /var/lib/" +"dpkg/status della macchina di destinazione. Notare che, se si " +"sta usando un archivio locale, si devono usare URI «copy» la cui sintassi è " +"identica a quella degli URI «file»." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:100 @@ -7270,6 +9685,8 @@ msgid "" "apt.conf must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " "disc:" msgstr "" +"apt.conf deve contenere le informazioni necessarie per far sì che " +"APT usi il disco:" #. type: #: offline.sgml:124 @@ -7299,6 +9716,29 @@ msgid "" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" " };" msgstr "" +" APT\n" +" {\n" +" /* Questo non è necessario se le due macchine hanno la stessa architettura,\n" +" dice ad APT remoto qual è l'architettura della macchina di destinazione */\n" +" Architecture \"i386\";\n" +" \n" +" Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" +" };\n" +" \n" +" Dir\n" +" {\n" +" /* Usa il disco per le informazioni sullo stato e ridirige il file di stato\n" +" dalla posizione predefinita /var/lib/dpkg */\n" +" State \"/disc/\";\n" +" State::status \"status\";\n" +"\n" +" // Le cache binarie saranno memorizzate in locale\n" +" Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" +" Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" +" \n" +" // Posizione dell'elenco di fonti.\n" +" Etc \"/disc/\";\n" +" };" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:129 @@ -7306,6 +9746,9 @@ msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " "configuration file in /usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf." msgstr "" +"Si possono vedere informazioni più dettagliate nella pagina di manuale di " +"apt.conf e nel file di configurazione d'esempio in /usr/share/doc/apt/" +"examples/apt.conf." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:136 @@ -7316,6 +9759,11 @@ msgid "" "em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." "list. On the remote machine execute the following:" msgstr "" +"Nella macchina di destinazione, la prima cosa da fare è montare il disco e " +"copiarvi /var/lib/dpkg/status. Sarà anche necessario creare le " +"directory elencate nella panoramica: archives/partial/ e lists/" +"partial/. Poi portare il disco nella macchina remota e configurare il " +"file sources.list; in tale macchina eseguire:" #. type: #: offline.sgml:142 @@ -7327,6 +9775,11 @@ msgid "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" msgstr "" +" # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" +" # apt-get update\n" +" [ APT scarica i file degli elenchi dei pacchetti ]\n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" +" [ APT scarica tutti i pacchetti necessari per aggiornare la macchina di destinazione ]" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:149 @@ -7336,6 +9789,10 @@ msgid "" "such as dselect. However this presents a problem in communicating " "your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" +"Il comando dist-upgrade può essere sostituito con qualsiasi altro comando " +"APT standard, in particolare dselect-upgrade. Si può persino usare un " +"frontend per APT come dselect; questo tuttavia pone alcuni problemi " +"nel comunicare le selezioni fatte al computer locale." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:153 @@ -7343,6 +9800,9 @@ msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" msgstr "" +"Ora il disco contiene i file indice e gli archivi necessari per aggiornare " +"la macchina di destinazione. Riportare il disco alla macchina locale ed " +"eseguire:" #. type: #: offline.sgml:159 @@ -7354,6 +9814,11 @@ msgid "" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" " [ Or any other APT command ]" msgstr "" +" # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" +" # apt-get check\n" +" [ APT genera una copia locale dei file di cache ]\n" +" # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" +" [ O qualsiasi altro comando APT ]" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:165 @@ -7361,6 +9826,8 @@ msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" msgstr "" +"Per il corretto funzionamento è necessario rispecificare il fatto che il " +"file di stato è quello locale. Questo è molto importante!" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:172 @@ -7371,11 +9838,16 @@ msgid "" "the local machine - but this may not always be possible. DO NOT copy the " "status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!!" msgstr "" +"Se si sta usando dselect si può fare l'operazione molto rischiosa di copiare " +"disc/status in /var/lib/dpkg/status, in modo che sia aggiornata qualsiasi " +"selezione fatta nella macchina remota. Si raccomanda di fare le selezioni " +"solamente nella macchina locale, ma ciò non è sempre possibile. NON copiare " +"il file di stato se nel frattempo sono stati eseguiti dpkg o APT!" #. type: #: offline.sgml:178 msgid "Using APT and wget" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Usare APT e wget" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:185 @@ -7384,6 +9856,10 @@ msgid "" "any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " "already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" +"wget è uno strumento popolare e portabile per scaricare file che " +"può essere eseguito quasi su qualsiasi macchina. A differenza del metodo " +"descritto sopra, questo richiede che la macchina Debian abbia già un elenco " +"dei pacchetti disponibili." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:190 @@ -7393,11 +9869,15 @@ msgid "" "option to apt-get and then preparing a wget script to actually fetch the " "packages." msgstr "" +"L'idea di base è di creare un disco che ha solo i file degli archivi dei " +"pacchetti, scaricati dal sito remoto. Ciò viene fatto usando l'opzione --" +"print-uris di apt-get e poi preparando uno script che usa wget per scaricare " +"effettivamente i pacchetti." #. type: #: offline.sgml:196 msgid "Operation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Funzionamento" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:200 @@ -7405,6 +9885,9 @@ msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." msgstr "" +"A differenza della tecnica precedente, non sono richiesti file di " +"configurazione speciali; vengono semplicemente usati i comandi APT standard " +"per generare l'elenco dei file." #. type: #: offline.sgml:205 @@ -7415,6 +9898,10 @@ msgid "" " # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" " # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" msgstr "" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" [ Inserire no alla domanda, assicurarsi di approvare le azioni proposte ]\n" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:210 @@ -7422,6 +9909,8 @@ msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." msgstr "" +"Si può usare qualsiasi comando che non sia dist-upgrade, incluso dselect-" +"upgrade." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:216 @@ -7431,11 +9920,15 @@ msgid "" "with the current directory as the disc's mount point so as to save the " "output on the disc." msgstr "" +"Il file /disc/wget-script contiene ora un elenco dei comandi wget da " +"eseguire per poter scaricare gli archivi necessari. Questo script dovrebbe " +"essere eseguito con il punto di mount del disco come directory attuale di " +"lavoro, in modo che l'output venga salvato sul disco." #. type:

#: offline.sgml:219 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Nella macchina remota fare qualcosa come:" #. type: #: offline.sgml:223 @@ -7445,6 +9938,9 @@ msgid "" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" " [ wait.. ]" msgstr "" +" # cd /disc\n" +" # sh -x ./wget-script\n" +" [ attendere... ]" #. type: #: offline.sgml:228 @@ -7452,14 +9948,1480 @@ msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," msgstr "" +"Una volta che gli archivi sono stati scaricati e il disco è stato riportato " +"alla macchina Debian, si può procedere con l'installazione usando" #. type: #: offline.sgml:230 #, no-wrap msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr "" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" #. type:

#: offline.sgml:234 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." -msgstr "" +msgstr "che userà gli archivi già scaricati e presenti sul disco." + +#~ msgid "Debian GNU/Linux" +#~ msgstr "Debian GNU/Linux" + +#~ msgid "OPTIONS" +#~ msgstr "OPZIONI" + +#~ msgid "None." +#~ msgstr "Nessuna." + +#~ msgid "FILES" +#~ msgstr "FILE" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ msgstr "" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ " &docdir;examples/configure-index.gz\"> /etc/apt.conf\"> " +#~ msgstr "" +#~ " " +#~ " &docdir;examples/configure-index.gz\"> /etc/apt.conf\"> " + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt.conf\n" +#~ " 5\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt.conf\n" +#~ " 5\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-get\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-get\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-config\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-config\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-cdrom\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-cdrom\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-cache\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-cache\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt_preferences\n" +#~ " 5\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt_preferences\n" +#~ " 5\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-key\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-key\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-secure\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-secure\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-ftparchive\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt-ftparchive\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " sources.list\n" +#~ " 5\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " sources.list\n" +#~ " 5\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " reportbug\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " reportbug\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg-buildpackage\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg-buildpackage\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " gzip\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " gzip\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg-scanpackages\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg-scanpackages\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg-scansources\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dpkg-scansources\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dselect\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " dselect\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " aptitude\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " aptitude\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " synaptic\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " synaptic\n" +#~ " 8\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " debsign\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " debsign\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " debsig-verify\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " debsig-verify\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " gpg\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " gpg\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " gnome-apt\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " gnome-apt\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " wajig\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " wajig\n" +#~ " 1\n" +#~ " \"\n" +#~ ">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "
apt@packages.debian.org
\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " Jason Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " 1998-2001 Jason Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " 28 October 2008\n" +#~ " Linux\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "
apt@packages.debian.org
\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " Jason Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " 1998-2001 Jason Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " 28 ottobre 2008\n" +#~ " Linux\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\"> \n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\"> \n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt@packages.debian.org\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " apt@packages.debian.org\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " Jason\n" +#~ " Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " Jason\n" +#~ " Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " Mike\n" +#~ " O'Connor\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " Mike\n" +#~ " O'Connor\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Linux\n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Linux\n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " Jason Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " 1998-2001\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ " Jason Gunthorpe\n" +#~ " 1998-2001\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "Bugs\n" +#~ " APT bug page. \n" +#~ " If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see\n" +#~ " /usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt or the\n" +#~ " &reportbug; command.\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "Bachi\n" +#~ " Pagina dei bachi di " +#~ "APT. \n" +#~ " Per segnalare un baco in APT, vedere\n" +#~ " /usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt o il\n" +#~ " comando &reportbug;.\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to " +#~ "use. \n" +#~ " The program will read the default configuration file and then this \n" +#~ " configuration file. See &apt-conf; for syntax information. \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " File di configurazione; Specifica un file di " +#~ "configurazione da usare. \n" +#~ " Il programma leggerà il file di configurazione predefinito e poi " +#~ "questo \n" +#~ " file di configurazione. Vedere &apt-conf; per informazioni sulla " +#~ "sintassi. \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ " \n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ " &cachedir;/archives/partial/\n" +#~ " Storage area for package files in transit.\n" +#~ " Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives " +#~ "(implicit partial). \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ " &cachedir;/archives/partial/\n" +#~ " Area di memorizzazione per i file dei pacchetti in " +#~ "transito.\n" +#~ " Voce di configurazione: Dir::Cache::Archives " +#~ "(partial implicito). \n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ " &statedir;/lists/partial/\n" +#~ " Storage area for state information in transit.\n" +#~ " Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists (implicit " +#~ "partial).\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ " &statedir;/lists/partial/\n" +#~ " Area di archiviazione per le informazioni di stato " +#~ "in transito.\n" +#~ " Voce di configurazione: Dir::State::Lists " +#~ "(partial implicito).\n" +#~ " \n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ msgstr "" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "john@doe.org in 2009,\n" +#~ " 2010 and Daniela Acme daniela@acme.us in 2010 " +#~ "together with the\n" +#~ " Debian Dummy l10n Team debian-l10n-dummy@lists.debian.org.\n" +#~ "\">\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "eugenia@linuxcare.com nel 2000 e da Gabriele Stilli\n" +#~ " superenzima@libero.it nel 2010 insieme a\n" +#~ " chiunque vorrà unirsi (DA CORREGGERE ALLA FINE).\n" +#~ "\">\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "