X-Git-Url: https://git.saurik.com/apt.git/blobdiff_plain/45e8888be58513fb8d2550413fdb37f9624ca6cc..b02fffa64833e1f8e2617669d89de0a6d0882747:/doc/apt-get.8.xml diff --git a/doc/apt-get.8.xml b/doc/apt-get.8.xml index 2ea6ea1d4..abdec96c1 100644 --- a/doc/apt-get.8.xml +++ b/doc/apt-get.8.xml @@ -15,12 +15,13 @@ &apt-email; &apt-product; - 29 February 2004 + 08 November 2008 apt-get 8 + APT @@ -33,22 +34,76 @@ apt-get - - - + + + + + + + + + + + target_release + + + - update - upgrade - dselect-upgrade - install pkg - remove pkg - purge pkg - source pkg - build-dep pkg - check - clean - autoclean - autoremove + update + upgrade + dselect-upgrade + dist-upgrade + install + pkg + + + + =pkg_version_number + + + /target_release + + + + + + remove pkg + purge pkg + source + pkg + + + + =pkg_version_number + + + /target_release + + + + + + build-dep pkg + check + clean + autoclean + autoremove + + + -v + --version + + + + + -h + --help + + @@ -56,8 +111,8 @@ Description apt-get is the command-line tool for handling packages, and may be considered the user's "back-end" to other tools using the APT - library. Several "front-end" interfaces exist, such as dselect(8), - aptitude, synaptic, gnome-apt and wajig. + library. Several "front-end" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, + &aptitude;, &synaptic; and &wajig;. Unless the , or option is given, one of the commands below must be present. @@ -104,6 +159,7 @@ with new versions of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. + So, dist-upgrade command may remove some packages. The /etc/apt/sources.list file contains a list of locations from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-preferences; for a mechanism for @@ -111,17 +167,24 @@ install - install is followed by one or more packages desired for - installation. Each package is a package name, not a fully qualified - filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, libc6 would be the - argument provided, not libc6_1.9.6-2.deb) All packages required - by the package(s) specified for installation will also be retrieved and - installed. The /etc/apt/sources.list file is used to locate - the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the package name (with - no intervening space), the identified package will be removed if it is - installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a package to - install. These latter features may be used to override decisions made by - apt-get's conflict resolution system. + + install is followed by one or more + packages desired for installation or upgrading. + Each package is a package name, not a fully qualified + filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, + libc6 would be the argument provided, not + libc6_1.9.6-2.deb). All packages required + by the package(s) specified for installation will also + be retrieved and installed. + The /etc/apt/sources.list file is + used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is + appended to the package name (with no intervening space), + the identified package will be removed if it is installed. + Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a + package to install. These latter features may be used + to override decisions made by apt-get's conflict + resolution system. + A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by following the package name with an equals and the version of the package @@ -133,6 +196,17 @@ Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be used with care. + This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or + more already-installed packages without upgrading every package + you have on your system. Unlike the "upgrade" target, which + installs the newest version of all currently installed packages, + "install" will install the newest version of only the package(s) + specified. Simply provide the name of the package(s) you wish + to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and its + dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and + installed. + + Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative installation policy for individual packages. @@ -148,27 +222,37 @@ remove remove is identical to install except that packages are - removed instead of installed. If a plus sign is appended to the package + removed instead of installed. Note the removing a package leaves its + configuration files in system. If a plus sign is appended to the package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be installed instead of removed. purge purge is identical to remove except that packages are - removed and purged. + removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted too). source source causes apt-get to fetch source packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory the - newest available version of that source package. Source packages are - tracked separately from binary packages via deb-src type lines - in the &sources-list; file. This probably will mean that you will not - get the same source as the package you have installed or as you could - install. If the --compile options is specified then the package will be - compiled to a binary .deb using dpkg-buildpackage, if --download-only is - specified then the source package will not be unpacked. + newest available version of that source package while respect the + default release, set with the option APT::Default-Release, + the option or per package with the + pkg/release syntax, if possible. + + Source packages are tracked separately + from binary packages via deb-src type lines + in the &sources-list; file. This means that you will need to add such a line + for each repository you want to get sources from. If you don't do this + you will properly get another (newer, older or none) source version than + the one you have installed or could install. + + If the option is specified + then the package will be compiled to a binary .deb using + dpkg-buildpackage, if + is specified then the source package will not be unpacked. A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism @@ -222,6 +306,11 @@ &apt-cmdblurb; + + Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. + Configuration Item: APT::Install-Recommends. + + Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Download-Only. @@ -230,8 +319,8 @@ Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages - to permit APT to deduce a likely solution. Any Package that are specified - must completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when + to permit APT to deduce a likely solution. If packages are specified, + these have to completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when running APT for the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package dependencies to exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention @@ -280,9 +369,15 @@ actually change the system. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Simulate. + Simulation run as user will deactivate locking (Debug::NoLocking) + automatic. Also a notice will be displayed indicating that this is only a simulation, + if the option APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-Note is set (Default: true). + Neither NoLocking nor the notice will be triggered if run as root (root should know what + he is doing without further warnings by apt-get). + Simulate prints out a series of lines each one representing a dpkg operation, Configure (Conf), - Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets indicate broken packages with + Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets indicate broken packages and empty set of square brackets meaning breaks that are of no consequence (rare). @@ -313,6 +408,14 @@ Configuration Item: APT::Get::Compile. + + Also install recommended packages. + + + + Do not install recommended packages. + + Ignore package Holds; This causes apt-get to ignore a hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with @@ -327,6 +430,13 @@ Configuration Item: APT::Get::Upgrade. + + Do not install new packages; When used in conjunction with install, + only-upgrade will prevent packages on the command line + from being upgraded if they are not already installed. + Configuration Item: APT::Get::Only-Upgrade. + + Force yes; This is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It @@ -349,7 +459,8 @@ Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk ("*") will be displayed next to packages which are - scheduled to be purged. + scheduled to be purged. is equivalent to the + command. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Purge. @@ -377,7 +488,8 @@ of this option. In short, this option lets you have simple control over which distribution packages will be retrieved from. Some common examples might be - or . + , + or . Configuration Item: APT::Default-Release; see also the &apt-preferences; manual page. @@ -439,50 +551,11 @@ Files - /etc/apt/sources.list - Locations to fetch packages from. - Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::SourceList. - - - /etc/apt/apt.conf - APT configuration file. - Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::Main. - - - /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/ - APT configuration file fragments - Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::Parts. - - - /etc/apt/preferences - Version preferences file. - This is where you would specify "pinning", - i.e. a preference to get certain packages - from a separate source - or from a different version of a distribution. - Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::Preferences. - - - &cachedir;/archives/ - Storage area for retrieved package files. - Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives. - - - &cachedir;/archives/partial/ - Storage area for package files in transit. - Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives (implicit partial). - - - &statedir;/lists/ - Storage area for state information for each package resource specified in - &sources-list; - Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists. - - - &statedir;/lists/partial/ - Storage area for state information in transit. - Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists (implicit partial). - + &file-sourceslist; + &file-aptconf; + &file-preferences; + &file-cachearchives; + &file-statelists; @@ -495,7 +568,16 @@ Diagnostics apt-get returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error. - + + ORIGINAL AUTHORS + &apt-author.jgunthorpe; + + + CURRENT AUTHORS + + &apt-author.team; + + &apt-qapage; + &manbugs; -