]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - bsd/vfs/vfs_subr.c
xnu-1699.24.8.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / vfs / vfs_subr.c
index be3a4d40c3b04eed2860e67c9a0a1700fdef69d1..4280f3bfd6990dff312f25b9f9ea1f1f1d1eadc8 100644 (file)
@@ -1,23 +1,29 @@
 /*
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000-2001 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2010 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  *
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
+ * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
  * 
  * 
- * The contents of this file constitute Original Code as defined in and
- * are subject to the Apple Public Source License Version 1.1 (the
- * "License").  You may not use this file except in compliance with the
- * License.  Please obtain a copy of the License at
- * http://www.apple.com/publicsource and read it before using this file.
+ * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
+ * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
+ * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
+ * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
+ * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
+ * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
+ * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
+ * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
  * 
  * 
- * This Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
- * distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
+ * Please obtain a copy of the License at
+ * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
+ * 
+ * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
+ * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.  Please see the
- * License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
- * under the License.
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
+ * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
+ * limitations under the License.
  * 
  * 
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
+ * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  */
 /* Copyright (c) 1995 NeXT Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved */
 /*
  */
 /* Copyright (c) 1995 NeXT Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved */
 /*
  *
  *     @(#)vfs_subr.c  8.31 (Berkeley) 5/26/95
  */
  *
  *     @(#)vfs_subr.c  8.31 (Berkeley) 5/26/95
  */
+/*
+ * NOTICE: This file was modified by SPARTA, Inc. in 2005 to introduce
+ * support for mandatory and extensible security protections.  This notice
+ * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
+ * Version 2.0.
+ */
 
 /*
  * External virtual filesystem routines
  */
 
 
 /*
  * External virtual filesystem routines
  */
 
-#define DIAGNOSTIC 1
 
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/systm.h>
 
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/systm.h>
-#include <sys/proc.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/proc_internal.h>
+#include <sys/kauth.h>
+#include <sys/mount_internal.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/lock.h>
 #include <sys/vnode.h>
 #include <sys/vnode.h>
+#include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/namei.h>
 #include <sys/ucred.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/namei.h>
 #include <sys/ucred.h>
-#include <sys/buf.h>
+#include <sys/buf_internal.h>
 #include <sys/errno.h>
 #include <sys/malloc.h>
 #include <sys/errno.h>
 #include <sys/malloc.h>
+#include <sys/uio_internal.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
 #include <sys/domain.h>
 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
 #include <sys/syslog.h>
 #include <sys/domain.h>
 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
 #include <sys/syslog.h>
-#include <sys/ubc.h>
+#include <sys/ubc_internal.h>
 #include <sys/vm.h>
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
 #include <sys/vm.h>
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#include <sys/filedesc.h>
+#include <sys/event.h>
+#include <sys/kdebug.h>
+#include <sys/kauth.h>
+#include <sys/user.h>
+#include <sys/kern_memorystatus.h>
+#include <miscfs/fifofs/fifo.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <machine/spl.h>
+
 
 #include <kern/assert.h>
 
 
 #include <kern/assert.h>
 
 
 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
 #include <mach/memory_object_types.h>
 
 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
 #include <mach/memory_object_types.h>
+#include <mach/memory_object_control.h>
+
+#include <kern/kalloc.h>       /* kalloc()/kfree() */
+#include <kern/clock.h>                /* delay_for_interval() */
+#include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>  /* OSAddAtomic() */
+
+
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+#include <libkern/OSDebug.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <vm/vm_protos.h>      /* vnode_pager_vrele() */
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+#include <security/mac_framework.h>
+#endif
 
 
+extern lck_grp_t *vnode_lck_grp;
+extern lck_attr_t *vnode_lck_attr;
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+extern lck_grp_t *trigger_vnode_lck_grp;
+extern lck_attr_t *trigger_vnode_lck_attr;
+#endif
+
+extern lck_mtx_t * mnt_list_mtx_lock;
 
 enum vtype iftovt_tab[16] = {
        VNON, VFIFO, VCHR, VNON, VDIR, VNON, VBLK, VNON,
 
 enum vtype iftovt_tab[16] = {
        VNON, VFIFO, VCHR, VNON, VDIR, VNON, VBLK, VNON,
@@ -102,41 +154,93 @@ int       vttoif_tab[9] = {
        S_IFSOCK, S_IFIFO, S_IFMT,
 };
 
        S_IFSOCK, S_IFIFO, S_IFMT,
 };
 
-static void vfree(struct vnode *vp);
-static void vinactive(struct vnode *vp);
-static int vnreclaim(int count);
-extern kern_return_t 
-       adjust_vm_object_cache(vm_size_t oval, vm_size_t nval);
 
 
-/*
- * Insq/Remq for the vnode usage lists.
- */
-#define        bufinsvn(bp, dp)        LIST_INSERT_HEAD(dp, bp, b_vnbufs)
-#define        bufremvn(bp) {                                                  \
-       LIST_REMOVE(bp, b_vnbufs);                                      \
-       (bp)->b_vnbufs.le_next = NOLIST;                                \
-}
+/* XXX These should be in a BSD accessible Mach header, but aren't. */
+extern void             memory_object_mark_used(
+       memory_object_control_t         control);
+
+extern void             memory_object_mark_unused(
+       memory_object_control_t         control,
+       boolean_t                       rage);
+
+
+/* XXX next protptype should be from <nfs/nfs.h> */
+extern int       nfs_vinvalbuf(vnode_t, int, vfs_context_t, int);
+
+/* XXX next prototytype should be from libsa/stdlib.h> but conflicts libkern */
+__private_extern__ void qsort(
+    void * array,
+    size_t nmembers,
+    size_t member_size,
+    int (*)(const void *, const void *));
+
+extern kern_return_t adjust_vm_object_cache(vm_size_t oval, vm_size_t nval);
+__private_extern__ void vntblinit(void);
+__private_extern__ kern_return_t reset_vmobjectcache(unsigned int val1,
+                       unsigned int val2);
+__private_extern__ int unlink1(vfs_context_t, struct nameidata *, int);
+
+extern int system_inshutdown;
+
+static void vnode_list_add(vnode_t);
+static void vnode_list_remove(vnode_t);
+static void vnode_list_remove_locked(vnode_t);
+
+static errno_t vnode_drain(vnode_t);
+static void vgone(vnode_t, int flags);
+static void vclean(vnode_t vp, int flag);
+static void vnode_reclaim_internal(vnode_t, int, int, int);
+
+static void vnode_dropiocount (vnode_t);
+
+static vnode_t checkalias(vnode_t vp, dev_t nvp_rdev);
+static int  vnode_reload(vnode_t);
+static int  vnode_isinuse_locked(vnode_t, int, int);
+
+static void insmntque(vnode_t vp, mount_t mp);
+static int mount_getvfscnt(void);
+static int mount_fillfsids(fsid_t *, int );
+static void vnode_iterate_setup(mount_t);
+int vnode_umount_preflight(mount_t, vnode_t, int);
+static int vnode_iterate_prepare(mount_t);
+static int vnode_iterate_reloadq(mount_t);
+static void vnode_iterate_clear(mount_t);
+static mount_t vfs_getvfs_locked(fsid_t *);
+static int vn_create_reg(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp,
+               struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t flags, int fmode, uint32_t *statusp, vfs_context_t ctx);
+static int vnode_authattr_new_internal(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, uint32_t *defaulted_fieldsp, vfs_context_t ctx);
+
+errno_t rmdir_remove_orphaned_appleDouble(vnode_t, vfs_context_t, int *); 
+
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+static void record_vp(vnode_t vp, int count);
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+static int vnode_resolver_create(mount_t, vnode_t, struct vnode_trigger_param *, boolean_t external);
+static void vnode_resolver_detach(vnode_t);
+#endif
 
 TAILQ_HEAD(freelst, vnode) vnode_free_list;    /* vnode free list */
 
 TAILQ_HEAD(freelst, vnode) vnode_free_list;    /* vnode free list */
-TAILQ_HEAD(inactivelst, vnode) vnode_inactive_list;    /* vnode inactive list */
+TAILQ_HEAD(deadlst, vnode) vnode_dead_list;    /* vnode dead list */
+
+TAILQ_HEAD(ragelst, vnode) vnode_rage_list;    /* vnode rapid age list */
+struct timeval rage_tv;
+int    rage_limit = 0;
+int    ragevnodes = 0;                    
+
+#define RAGE_LIMIT_MIN 100
+#define RAGE_TIME_LIMIT        5
+
 struct mntlist mountlist;                      /* mounted filesystem list */
 struct mntlist mountlist;                      /* mounted filesystem list */
+static int nummounts = 0;
 
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
 #define VLISTCHECK(fun, vp, list)      \
        if ((vp)->v_freelist.tqe_prev == (struct vnode **)0xdeadb) \
                panic("%s: %s vnode not on %slist", (fun), (list), (list));
 
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
 #define VLISTCHECK(fun, vp, list)      \
        if ((vp)->v_freelist.tqe_prev == (struct vnode **)0xdeadb) \
                panic("%s: %s vnode not on %slist", (fun), (list), (list));
-
-#define VINACTIVECHECK(fun, vp, expected)      \
-       do {    \
-               int __is_inactive = ISSET((vp)->v_flag, VUINACTIVE);    \
-               if (__is_inactive ^ expected)   \
-                       panic("%s: %sinactive vnode, expected %s", (fun),       \
-                               __is_inactive? "" : "not ",     \
-                               expected? "inactive": "not inactive"); \
-       } while(0)
 #else
 #define VLISTCHECK(fun, vp, list)
 #else
 #define VLISTCHECK(fun, vp, list)
-#define VINACTIVECHECK(fun, vp, expected)
 #endif /* DIAGNOSTIC */
 
 #define VLISTNONE(vp)  \
 #endif /* DIAGNOSTIC */
 
 #define VLISTNONE(vp)  \
@@ -157,52 +261,39 @@ struct mntlist mountlist;                 /* mounted filesystem list */
                freevnodes--;   \
        } while(0)
 
                freevnodes--;   \
        } while(0)
 
-/* remove a vnode from inactive vnode list */
-#define VREMINACTIVE(fun, vp)  \
+
+
+/* remove a vnode from dead vnode list */
+#define VREMDEAD(fun, vp)      \
        do {    \
        do {    \
-               VLISTCHECK((fun), (vp), "inactive"); \
-               VINACTIVECHECK((fun), (vp), VUINACTIVE); \
-               TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_inactive_list, (vp), v_freelist); \
-               CLR((vp)->v_flag, VUINACTIVE); \
+               VLISTCHECK((fun), (vp), "dead");        \
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_dead_list, (vp), v_freelist);       \
                VLISTNONE((vp));        \
                VLISTNONE((vp));        \
-               inactivevnodes--;       \
+               vp->v_listflag &= ~VLIST_DEAD;  \
+               deadvnodes--;   \
        } while(0)
 
        } while(0)
 
-#define VORECLAIM_ENABLE(vp)   \
-       do {    \
-               if (ISSET((vp)->v_flag, VORECLAIM))     \
-                       panic("vm object raclaim already");     \
-               SET((vp)->v_flag, VORECLAIM);   \
-       } while(0)
 
 
-#define VORECLAIM_DISABLE(vp)  \
+/* remove a vnode from rage vnode list */
+#define VREMRAGE(fun, vp)      \
        do {    \
        do {    \
-               CLR((vp)->v_flag, VORECLAIM);   \
-               if (ISSET((vp)->v_flag, VXWANT)) {      \
-                       CLR((vp)->v_flag, VXWANT);      \
-                       wakeup((caddr_t)(vp));  \
-               }       \
+               if ( !(vp->v_listflag & VLIST_RAGE))                    \
+                       panic("VREMRAGE: vp not on rage list");         \
+               VLISTCHECK((fun), (vp), "rage");                        \
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_rage_list, (vp), v_freelist);       \
+               VLISTNONE((vp));                \
+               vp->v_listflag &= ~VLIST_RAGE;  \
+               ragevnodes--;                   \
        } while(0)
 
        } while(0)
 
-/*
- * Have to declare first two locks as actual data even if !MACH_SLOCKS, since
- * a pointers to them get passed around.
- */
-simple_lock_data_t mountlist_slock;
-simple_lock_data_t mntvnode_slock;
-decl_simple_lock_data(,mntid_slock);
-decl_simple_lock_data(,vnode_free_list_slock);
-decl_simple_lock_data(,spechash_slock);
 
 /*
 
 /*
- * vnodetarget is the amount of vnodes we expect to get back 
- * from the the inactive vnode list and VM object cache.
- * As vnreclaim() is a mainly cpu bound operation for faster 
- * processers this number could be higher.
- * Having this number too high introduces longer delays in 
- * the execution of getnewvnode().
- */
-unsigned long vnodetarget;             /* target for vnreclaim() */
+ * vnodetarget hasn't been used in a long time, but
+ * it was exported for some reason... I'm leaving in
+ * place for now...  it should be deprecated out of the
+ * exports and removed eventually.
+ */
+u_int32_t vnodetarget;         /* target for vnreclaim() */
 #define VNODE_FREE_TARGET      20      /* Default value for vnodetarget */
 
 /*
 #define VNODE_FREE_TARGET      20      /* Default value for vnodetarget */
 
 /*
@@ -211,43 +302,28 @@ unsigned long vnodetarget;                /* target for vnreclaim() */
  * cache. Having too few vnodes on the free list causes serious disk
  * thrashing as we cycle through them.
  */
  * cache. Having too few vnodes on the free list causes serious disk
  * thrashing as we cycle through them.
  */
-#define VNODE_FREE_MIN         300     /* freelist should have at least these many */
-
-/*
- * We need to get vnodes back from the VM object cache when a certain #
- * of vnodes are reused from the freelist. This is essential for the
- * caching to be effective in the namecache and the buffer cache [for the
- * metadata].
- */
-#define        VNODE_TOOMANY_REUSED    (VNODE_FREE_MIN/4)
-
-/*
- * If we have enough vnodes on the freelist we do not want to reclaim
- * the vnodes from the VM object cache.
- */
-#define VNODE_FREE_ENOUGH      (VNODE_FREE_MIN + (VNODE_FREE_MIN/2))
+#define VNODE_FREE_MIN         CONFIG_VNODE_FREE_MIN   /* freelist should have at least this many */
 
 /*
  * Initialize the vnode management data structures.
  */
 __private_extern__ void
 
 /*
  * Initialize the vnode management data structures.
  */
 __private_extern__ void
-vntblinit()
+vntblinit(void)
 {
 {
-       extern struct lock__bsd__       exchangelock;
-
-       simple_lock_init(&mountlist_slock);
-       simple_lock_init(&mntvnode_slock);
-       simple_lock_init(&mntid_slock);
-       simple_lock_init(&spechash_slock);
        TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_free_list);
        TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_free_list);
-       simple_lock_init(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_inactive_list);
-       CIRCLEQ_INIT(&mountlist);
-    lockinit(&exchangelock, PVFS, "exchange", 0, 0);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_rage_list);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_dead_list);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&mountlist);
 
        if (!vnodetarget)
                vnodetarget = VNODE_FREE_TARGET;
 
 
        if (!vnodetarget)
                vnodetarget = VNODE_FREE_TARGET;
 
+       microuptime(&rage_tv);
+       rage_limit = desiredvnodes / 100;
+
+       if (rage_limit < RAGE_LIMIT_MIN)
+               rage_limit = RAGE_LIMIT_MIN;
+       
        /*
         * Scale the vm_object_cache to accomodate the vnodes 
         * we want to cache
        /*
         * Scale the vm_object_cache to accomodate the vnodes 
         * we want to cache
@@ -260,2499 +336,8115 @@ __private_extern__ kern_return_t
 reset_vmobjectcache(unsigned int val1, unsigned int val2)
 {
        vm_size_t oval = val1 - VNODE_FREE_MIN;
 reset_vmobjectcache(unsigned int val1, unsigned int val2)
 {
        vm_size_t oval = val1 - VNODE_FREE_MIN;
-       vm_size_t nval = val2 - VNODE_FREE_MIN;
+       vm_size_t nval;
+       
+       if (val1 == val2) {
+               return KERN_SUCCESS;
+       }
+
+       if(val2 < VNODE_FREE_MIN)
+               nval = 0;
+       else
+               nval = val2 - VNODE_FREE_MIN;
 
        return(adjust_vm_object_cache(oval, nval));
 }
 
 
        return(adjust_vm_object_cache(oval, nval));
 }
 
-/*
- * Mark a mount point as busy. Used to synchronize access and to delay
- * unmounting. Interlock is not released on failure.
- */
+
+/* the timeout is in 10 msecs */
 int
 int
-vfs_busy(mp, flags, interlkp, p)
-       struct mount *mp;
-       int flags;
-       struct slock *interlkp;
-       struct proc *p;
-{
-       int lkflags;
+vnode_waitforwrites(vnode_t vp, int output_target, int slpflag, int slptimeout, const char *msg) {
+        int error = 0;
+       struct timespec ts;
 
 
-       if (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_UNMOUNT) {
-               if (flags & LK_NOWAIT)
-                       return (ENOENT);
-               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_MWAIT;
-               if (interlkp)
-                       simple_unlock(interlkp);
-               /*
-                * Since all busy locks are shared except the exclusive
-                * lock granted when unmounting, the only place that a
-                * wakeup needs to be done is at the release of the
-                * exclusive lock at the end of dounmount.
-                */
-               sleep((caddr_t)mp, PVFS);
-               if (interlkp)
-                       simple_lock(interlkp);
-               return (ENOENT);
-       }
-       lkflags = LK_SHARED;
-       if (interlkp)
-               lkflags |= LK_INTERLOCK;
-       if (lockmgr(&mp->mnt_lock, lkflags, interlkp, p))
-               panic("vfs_busy: unexpected lock failure");
-       return (0);
+       KERNEL_DEBUG(0x3010280 | DBG_FUNC_START, (int)vp, output_target, vp->v_numoutput, 0, 0);
+
+       if (vp->v_numoutput > output_target) {
+
+               slpflag |= PDROP;
+
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+               while ((vp->v_numoutput > output_target) && error == 0) {
+                       if (output_target)
+                               vp->v_flag |= VTHROTTLED;
+                       else
+                               vp->v_flag |= VBWAIT;
+
+                       ts.tv_sec = (slptimeout/100);
+                       ts.tv_nsec = (slptimeout % 1000)  * 10 * NSEC_PER_USEC * 1000 ;
+                       error = msleep((caddr_t)&vp->v_numoutput, &vp->v_lock, (slpflag | (PRIBIO + 1)), msg, &ts);
+
+                       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+               }
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+       }
+       KERNEL_DEBUG(0x3010280 | DBG_FUNC_END, (int)vp, output_target, vp->v_numoutput, error, 0);
+
+       return error;
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Free a busy filesystem.
- */
+
 void
 void
-vfs_unbusy(mp, p)
-       struct mount *mp;
-       struct proc *p;
+vnode_startwrite(vnode_t vp) {
+
+        OSAddAtomic(1, &vp->v_numoutput);
+}
+
+
+void
+vnode_writedone(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
+       if (vp) {
+               int need_wakeup = 0;
+
+               OSAddAtomic(-1, &vp->v_numoutput);
 
 
-       lockmgr(&mp->mnt_lock, LK_RELEASE, NULL, p);
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+               if (vp->v_numoutput < 0)
+                       panic("vnode_writedone: numoutput < 0");
+
+               if ((vp->v_flag & VTHROTTLED)) {
+                       vp->v_flag &= ~VTHROTTLED;
+                       need_wakeup = 1;
+               }
+               if ((vp->v_flag & VBWAIT) && (vp->v_numoutput == 0)) {
+                       vp->v_flag &= ~VBWAIT;
+                       need_wakeup = 1;
+               }
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               
+               if (need_wakeup)
+                       wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_numoutput);
+       }
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Lookup a filesystem type, and if found allocate and initialize
- * a mount structure for it.
- *
- * Devname is usually updated by mount(8) after booting.
- */
+
+
 int
 int
-vfs_rootmountalloc(fstypename, devname, mpp)
-       char *fstypename;
-       char *devname;
-       struct mount **mpp;
+vnode_hasdirtyblks(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();        /* XXX */
-       struct vfsconf *vfsp;
-       struct mount *mp;
+        struct cl_writebehind *wbp;
 
 
-       for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
-               if (!strcmp(vfsp->vfc_name, fstypename))
-                       break;
-       if (vfsp == NULL)
-               return (ENODEV);
-       mp = _MALLOC_ZONE((u_long)sizeof(struct mount), M_MOUNT, M_WAITOK);
-       bzero((char *)mp, (u_long)sizeof(struct mount));
+       /*
+        * Not taking the buf_mtxp as there is little
+        * point doing it. Even if the lock is taken the
+        * state can change right after that. If their 
+        * needs to be a synchronization, it must be driven
+        * by the caller
+        */ 
+        if (vp->v_dirtyblkhd.lh_first)
+               return (1);
+       
+       if (!UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
+               return (0);
 
 
-    /* Initialize the default IO constraints */
-    mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = MAXPHYS;
-    mp->mnt_segreadcnt = mp->mnt_segwritecnt = 32;
+       wbp = vp->v_ubcinfo->cl_wbehind;
+
+       if (wbp && (wbp->cl_number || wbp->cl_scmap))
+               return (1);
 
 
-       lockinit(&mp->mnt_lock, PVFS, "vfslock", 0, 0);
-       (void)vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT, 0, p);
-       LIST_INIT(&mp->mnt_vnodelist);
-       mp->mnt_vfc = vfsp;
-       mp->mnt_op = vfsp->vfc_vfsops;
-       mp->mnt_flag = MNT_RDONLY;
-       mp->mnt_vnodecovered = NULLVP;
-       vfsp->vfc_refcount++;
-       mp->mnt_stat.f_type = vfsp->vfc_typenum;
-       mp->mnt_flag |= vfsp->vfc_flags & MNT_VISFLAGMASK;
-       strncpy(mp->mnt_stat.f_fstypename, vfsp->vfc_name, MFSNAMELEN);
-       mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname[0] = '/';
-       (void) copystr(devname, mp->mnt_stat.f_mntfromname, MNAMELEN - 1, 0);
-       *mpp = mp;
        return (0);
 }
 
        return (0);
 }
 
-/*
- * Find an appropriate filesystem to use for the root. If a filesystem
- * has not been preselected, walk through the list of known filesystems
- * trying those that have mountroot routines, and try them until one
- * works or we have tried them all.
- */
 int
 int
-vfs_mountroot()
+vnode_hascleanblks(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
-       struct vfsconf *vfsp;
-       extern int (*mountroot)(void);
-       int error;
+       /*
+        * Not taking the buf_mtxp as there is little
+        * point doing it. Even if the lock is taken the
+        * state can change right after that. If their 
+        * needs to be a synchronization, it must be driven
+        * by the caller
+        */ 
+        if (vp->v_cleanblkhd.lh_first)
+               return (1);
+       return (0);
+}
 
 
-       if (mountroot != NULL) {
-               error = (*mountroot)();
-               return (error);
-       }
-       
-       for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next) {
-               if (vfsp->vfc_mountroot == NULL)
-                       continue;
-               if ((error = (*vfsp->vfc_mountroot)()) == 0)
-                       return (0);
-               if (error != EINVAL)
-                       printf("%s_mountroot failed: %d\n", vfsp->vfc_name, error);
+void
+vnode_iterate_setup(mount_t mp)
+{
+       while (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LITER) {
+               mp->mnt_lflag |= MNT_LITERWAIT;
+               msleep((caddr_t)mp, &mp->mnt_mlock, PVFS, "vnode_iterate_setup", NULL); 
        }
        }
-       return (ENODEV);
+
+       mp->mnt_lflag |= MNT_LITER;
+
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Lookup a mount point by filesystem identifier.
- */
-struct mount *
-vfs_getvfs(fsid)
-       fsid_t *fsid;
+int
+vnode_umount_preflight(mount_t mp, vnode_t skipvp, int flags)
 {
 {
-       register struct mount *mp;
+       vnode_t vp;
 
 
-       simple_lock(&mountlist_slock);
-       for (mp = mountlist.cqh_first; mp != (void *)&mountlist;
-            mp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next) {
-               if (mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid.val[0] == fsid->val[0] &&
-                   mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid.val[1] == fsid->val[1]) {
-                       simple_unlock(&mountlist_slock);
-                       return (mp);
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &mp->mnt_vnodelist, v_mntvnodes) {
+               /* disable preflight only for udf, a hack to be removed after 4073176 is fixed */
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_UDF)
+                       return 0;
+               if (vp->v_type == VDIR)
+                       continue;
+               if (vp == skipvp)
+                       continue;
+               if ((flags & SKIPSYSTEM) && ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM) ||
+            (vp->v_flag & VNOFLUSH)))
+                       continue;
+               if ((flags & SKIPSWAP) && (vp->v_flag & VSWAP))
+                       continue;
+               if ((flags & WRITECLOSE) &&
+            (vp->v_writecount == 0 || vp->v_type != VREG)) 
+                       continue;
+               /* Look for busy vnode */
+        if (((vp->v_usecount != 0) &&
+            ((vp->v_usecount - vp->v_kusecount) != 0))) 
+                       return(1);
                }
                }
-       }
-       simple_unlock(&mountlist_slock);
-       return ((struct mount *)0);
+       
+       return(0);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Get a new unique fsid
+/* 
+ * This routine prepares iteration by moving all the vnodes to worker queue
+ * called with mount lock held
  */
  */
-void
-vfs_getnewfsid(mp)
-       struct mount *mp;
+int
+vnode_iterate_prepare(mount_t mp)
 {
 {
-static u_short xxxfs_mntid;
+       vnode_t vp;
 
 
-       fsid_t tfsid;
-       int mtype;
+       if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&mp->mnt_vnodelist)) {
+               /* nothing to do */
+               return (0);
+       } 
 
 
-       simple_lock(&mntid_slock);
-       mtype = mp->mnt_vfc->vfc_typenum;
-       mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid.val[0] = makedev(nblkdev + mtype, 0);
-       mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid.val[1] = mtype;
-       if (xxxfs_mntid == 0)
-               ++xxxfs_mntid;
-       tfsid.val[0] = makedev(nblkdev + mtype, xxxfs_mntid);
-       tfsid.val[1] = mtype;
-       if (mountlist.cqh_first != (void *)&mountlist) {
-               while (vfs_getvfs(&tfsid)) {
-                       tfsid.val[0]++;
-                       xxxfs_mntid++;
-               }
-       }
-       mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid.val[0] = tfsid.val[0];
-       simple_unlock(&mntid_slock);
+       vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mp->mnt_vnodelist);
+       vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = &(mp->mnt_workerqueue.tqh_first);
+       mp->mnt_workerqueue.tqh_first = mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first;
+       mp->mnt_workerqueue.tqh_last = mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_last;
+
+       TAILQ_INIT(&mp->mnt_vnodelist);
+       if (mp->mnt_newvnodes.tqh_first != NULL)
+               panic("vnode_iterate_prepare: newvnode when entering vnode");
+       TAILQ_INIT(&mp->mnt_newvnodes);
+
+       return (1);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Set vnode attributes to VNOVAL
- */
-void
-vattr_null(vap)
-       register struct vattr *vap;
+
+/* called with mount lock held */
+int 
+vnode_iterate_reloadq(mount_t mp)
 {
 {
+       int moved = 0;
+
+       /* add the remaining entries in workerq to the end of mount vnode list */
+       if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mp->mnt_workerqueue)) {
+               struct vnode * mvp;
+               mvp = TAILQ_LAST(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vnodelst);
+               
+               /* Joining the workerque entities to mount vnode list */
+               if (mvp)
+                       mvp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next = mp->mnt_workerqueue.tqh_first;
+               else
+                       mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first = mp->mnt_workerqueue.tqh_first;
+               mp->mnt_workerqueue.tqh_first->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_last;
+               mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_last = mp->mnt_workerqueue.tqh_last;
+               TAILQ_INIT(&mp->mnt_workerqueue);
+       }
 
 
-       vap->va_type = VNON;
-       vap->va_size = vap->va_bytes = VNOVAL;
-       vap->va_mode = vap->va_nlink = vap->va_uid = vap->va_gid =
-               vap->va_fsid = vap->va_fileid =
-               vap->va_blocksize = vap->va_rdev =
-               vap->va_atime.tv_sec = vap->va_atime.tv_nsec =
-               vap->va_mtime.tv_sec = vap->va_mtime.tv_nsec =
-               vap->va_ctime.tv_sec = vap->va_ctime.tv_nsec =
-               vap->va_flags = vap->va_gen = VNOVAL;
-       vap->va_vaflags = 0;
+       /* add the newvnodes to the head of mount vnode list */
+       if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mp->mnt_newvnodes)) {
+               struct vnode * nlvp;
+               nlvp = TAILQ_LAST(&mp->mnt_newvnodes, vnodelst);
+               
+               mp->mnt_newvnodes.tqh_first->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = &mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first;
+               nlvp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next = mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first;
+               if(mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first) 
+                       mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = &nlvp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next;
+               else
+                       mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_last = mp->mnt_newvnodes.tqh_last;
+               mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first = mp->mnt_newvnodes.tqh_first;
+               TAILQ_INIT(&mp->mnt_newvnodes);
+               moved = 1;
+       }
+
+       return(moved);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Routines having to do with the management of the vnode table.
- */
-extern int (**dead_vnodeop_p)(void *);
-static void vclean __P((struct vnode *vp, int flag, struct proc *p));
-extern void vgonel __P((struct vnode *vp, struct proc *p));
-long numvnodes, freevnodes;
-long inactivevnodes;
-long vnode_reclaim_tried;
-long vnode_objects_reclaimed;
 
 
+void
+vnode_iterate_clear(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mp->mnt_lflag &= ~MNT_LITER;
+       if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LITERWAIT) {
+               mp->mnt_lflag &= ~MNT_LITERWAIT;
+               wakeup(mp);
+       }
+}
 
 
-extern struct vattr va_null;
 
 
-/*
- * Return the next vnode from the free list.
- */
 int
 int
-getnewvnode(tag, mp, vops, vpp)
-       enum vtagtype tag;
-       struct mount *mp;
-       int (**vops)(void *);
-       struct vnode **vpp;
+vnode_iterate(mount_t mp, int flags, int (*callout)(struct vnode *, void *),
+             void *arg)
 {
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();        /* XXX */
        struct vnode *vp;
        struct vnode *vp;
-       int cnt, didretry = 0;
-       static int reused = 0;                          /* track the reuse rate */
-       int reclaimhits = 0;
+       int vid, retval;
+       int ret = 0;
 
 
-retry:
-       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       /*
-        * MALLOC a vnode if the number of vnodes has not reached the desired
-        * value and the number on the free list is still reasonable...
-        * reuse from the freelist even though we may evict a name cache entry
-        * to reduce the number of vnodes that accumulate.... vnodes tie up
-        * wired memory and are never garbage collected
-        */
-       if (numvnodes < desiredvnodes && (freevnodes < (2 * VNODE_FREE_MIN))) {
-               numvnodes++;
-               simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               MALLOC_ZONE(vp, struct vnode *, sizeof *vp, M_VNODE, M_WAITOK);
-               bzero((char *)vp, sizeof *vp);
-               VLISTNONE(vp);          /* avoid double queue removal */
-               simple_lock_init(&vp->v_interlock);
-               goto done;
-       }
+       mount_lock(mp);
 
 
-       /*
-        * Once the desired number of vnodes are allocated,
-        * we start reusing the vnodes.
-        */
-       if (freevnodes < VNODE_FREE_MIN) {
-               /*
-                * if we are low on vnodes on the freelist attempt to get
-                * some back from the inactive list and VM object cache
-                */
-               simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               (void)vnreclaim(vnodetarget);
-               simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       }
-       if (numvnodes >= desiredvnodes && reused > VNODE_TOOMANY_REUSED) {
-               reused = 0;
-               if (freevnodes < VNODE_FREE_ENOUGH) {
-                       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-                       (void)vnreclaim(vnodetarget);
-                       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               }
-       }
-
-       for (cnt = 0, vp = vnode_free_list.tqh_first;
-                       vp != NULLVP; cnt++, vp = vp->v_freelist.tqe_next) {
-               if (simple_lock_try(&vp->v_interlock)) {
-                       /* got the interlock */
-                       if (ISSET(vp->v_flag, VORECLAIM)) {
-                               /* skip over the vnodes that are being reclaimed */
-                               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                               reclaimhits++;
-                       } else
-                       break;
-       }
-       }
+       vnode_iterate_setup(mp);
 
 
-       /*
-        * Unless this is a bad time of the month, at most
-        * the first NCPUS items on the free list are
-        * locked, so this is close enough to being empty.
-        */
-       if (vp == NULLVP) {
-               simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               if (!(didretry++) && (vnreclaim(vnodetarget) > 0))
-                       goto retry;
-               tablefull("vnode");
-               log(LOG_EMERG, "%d vnodes locked, %d desired, %d numvnodes, "
-                       "%d free, %d inactive, %d being reclaimed\n",
-                       cnt, desiredvnodes, numvnodes, freevnodes, inactivevnodes,
-                       reclaimhits);
-               *vpp = 0;
-               return (ENFILE);
+       /* it is returns 0 then there is nothing to do */
+       retval = vnode_iterate_prepare(mp);
+
+       if (retval == 0)  {
+               vnode_iterate_clear(mp);
+               mount_unlock(mp);
+               return(ret);
        }
        }
+       
+       /* iterate over all the vnodes */
+       while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mp->mnt_workerqueue)) {
+               vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mp->mnt_workerqueue);
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&mp->mnt_workerqueue, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+               vid = vp->v_id;
+               if ((vp->v_data == NULL) || (vp->v_type == VNON) || (vp->v_mount != mp)) {
+                       continue;
+               }
+               mount_unlock(mp);
 
 
-       if (vp->v_usecount)
-               panic("free vnode isn't: v_type = %d, v_usecount = %d?",
-                               vp->v_type, vp->v_usecount);
+               if ( vget_internal(vp, vid, (flags | VNODE_NODEAD| VNODE_WITHID | VNODE_NOSUSPEND))) {
+                       mount_lock(mp);
+                       continue;       
+               }
+               if (flags & VNODE_RELOAD) {
+                       /*
+                        * we're reloading the filesystem
+                        * cast out any inactive vnodes...
+                        */
+                       if (vnode_reload(vp)) {
+                               /* vnode will be recycled on the refcount drop */
+                               vnode_put(vp);
+                               mount_lock(mp);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+               }
 
 
-       VREMFREE("getnewvnode", vp);
-       reused++;
-       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       vp->v_lease = NULL;
-       cache_purge(vp);
-       if (vp->v_type != VBAD)
-               vgonel(vp, p);  /* clean and reclaim the vnode */
-       else
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-#if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if (vp->v_data)
-               panic("cleaned vnode isn't");
-       {
-       int s = splbio();
-       if (vp->v_numoutput)
-               panic("Clean vnode has pending I/O's");
-       splx(s);
+               retval = callout(vp, arg);
+
+               switch (retval) {
+                 case VNODE_RETURNED:
+                 case VNODE_RETURNED_DONE:
+                         vnode_put(vp);
+                         if (retval == VNODE_RETURNED_DONE) {
+                               mount_lock(mp);
+                               ret = 0;
+                               goto out;
+                         }
+                         break;
+
+                 case VNODE_CLAIMED_DONE:
+                               mount_lock(mp);
+                               ret = 0;
+                               goto out;
+                 case VNODE_CLAIMED:
+                 default:
+                               break;
+               }
+               mount_lock(mp);
        }
        }
-#endif
-       if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
-               panic("getnewvnode: ubcinfo not cleaned");
-       else
-               vp->v_ubcinfo = 0;
-
-       vp->v_lastr = -1;
-       vp->v_ralen = 0;
-       vp->v_maxra = 0;
-       vp->v_lastw = 0;
-       vp->v_ciosiz = 0;
-       vp->v_cstart = 0;
-       vp->v_clen = 0;
-       vp->v_socket = 0;
 
 
-done:
-       vp->v_flag = VSTANDARD;
-       vp->v_type = VNON;
-       vp->v_tag = tag;
-       vp->v_op = vops;
-       insmntque(vp, mp);
-       *vpp = vp;
-       vp->v_usecount = 1;
-       vp->v_data = 0;
-       return (0);
+out:
+       (void)vnode_iterate_reloadq(mp);
+       vnode_iterate_clear(mp);
+       mount_unlock(mp);
+       return (ret);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Move a vnode from one mount queue to another.
- */
 void
 void
-insmntque(vp, mp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       struct mount *mp;
+mount_lock_renames(mount_t mp)
 {
 {
-
-       simple_lock(&mntvnode_slock);
-       /*
-        * Delete from old mount point vnode list, if on one.
-        */
-       if (vp->v_mount != NULL)
-               LIST_REMOVE(vp, v_mntvnodes);
-       /*
-        * Insert into list of vnodes for the new mount point, if available.
-        */
-       if ((vp->v_mount = mp) != NULL)
-               LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
-       simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
+       lck_mtx_lock(&mp->mnt_renamelock);
 }
 
 }
 
-__inline void
-vpwakeup(struct vnode *vp)
+void
+mount_unlock_renames(mount_t mp)
 {
 {
-       if (vp) {
-               if (--vp->v_numoutput < 0)
-                       panic("vpwakeup: neg numoutput");
-               if ((vp->v_flag & VBWAIT) && vp->v_numoutput <= 0) {
-                       if (vp->v_numoutput < 0)
-                               panic("vpwakeup: neg numoutput 2");
-                       vp->v_flag &= ~VBWAIT;
-                       wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_numoutput);
-               }
-       }
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&mp->mnt_renamelock);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Update outstanding I/O count and do wakeup if requested.
- */
 void
 void
-vwakeup(bp)
-       register struct buf *bp;
+mount_lock(mount_t mp)
 {
 {
-       register struct vnode *vp;
-
-       CLR(bp->b_flags, B_WRITEINPROG);
-       vpwakeup(bp->b_vp);
+       lck_mtx_lock(&mp->mnt_mlock);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Flush out and invalidate all buffers associated with a vnode.
- * Called with the underlying object locked.
- */
-int
-vinvalbuf(vp, flags, cred, p, slpflag, slptimeo)
-       register struct vnode *vp;
-       int flags;
-       struct ucred *cred;
-       struct proc *p;
-       int slpflag, slptimeo;
-{
-       register struct buf *bp;
-       struct buf *nbp, *blist;
-       int s, error = 0;
-
-       if (flags & V_SAVE) {
-               if (error = VOP_FSYNC(vp, cred, MNT_WAIT, p)) {
-                       return (error);
-               }
-               if (vp->v_dirtyblkhd.lh_first != NULL || (vp->v_flag & VHASDIRTY))
-                       panic("vinvalbuf: dirty bufs");
-       }
-
-       for (;;) {
-               if ((blist = vp->v_cleanblkhd.lh_first) && flags & V_SAVEMETA)
-                       while (blist && blist->b_lblkno < 0)
-                               blist = blist->b_vnbufs.le_next;
-               if (!blist && (blist = vp->v_dirtyblkhd.lh_first) &&
-                   (flags & V_SAVEMETA))
-                       while (blist && blist->b_lblkno < 0)
-                               blist = blist->b_vnbufs.le_next;
-               if (!blist)
-                       break;
-
-               for (bp = blist; bp; bp = nbp) {
-                       nbp = bp->b_vnbufs.le_next;
-                       if (flags & V_SAVEMETA && bp->b_lblkno < 0)
-                               continue;
-                       s = splbio();
-                       if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_BUSY)) {
-                               SET(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED);
-                               error = tsleep((caddr_t)bp,
-                                       slpflag | (PRIBIO + 1), "vinvalbuf",
-                                       slptimeo);
-                               splx(s);
-                               if (error) {
-                                       return (error);
-                               }
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       bremfree(bp);
-                       SET(bp->b_flags, B_BUSY);
-                       splx(s);
-                       /*
-                        * XXX Since there are no node locks for NFS, I believe
-                        * there is a slight chance that a delayed write will
-                        * occur while sleeping just above, so check for it.
-                        */
-                       if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI) && (flags & V_SAVE)) {
-                               (void) VOP_BWRITE(bp);
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       SET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
-                       brelse(bp);
-               }
-       }
-       if (!(flags & V_SAVEMETA) &&
-           (vp->v_dirtyblkhd.lh_first || vp->v_cleanblkhd.lh_first))
-               panic("vinvalbuf: flush failed");
-       return (0);
+void
+mount_lock_spin(mount_t mp)
+{
+       lck_mtx_lock_spin(&mp->mnt_mlock);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Associate a buffer with a vnode.
- */
 void
 void
-bgetvp(vp, bp)
-       register struct vnode *vp;
-       register struct buf *bp;
+mount_unlock(mount_t mp)
 {
 {
-
-       if (bp->b_vp)
-               panic("bgetvp: not free");
-       VHOLD(vp);
-       bp->b_vp = vp;
-       if (vp->v_type == VBLK || vp->v_type == VCHR)
-               bp->b_dev = vp->v_rdev;
-       else
-               bp->b_dev = NODEV;
-       /*
-        * Insert onto list for new vnode.
-        */
-       bufinsvn(bp, &vp->v_cleanblkhd);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&mp->mnt_mlock);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Disassociate a buffer from a vnode.
- */
+
 void
 void
-brelvp(bp)
-       register struct buf *bp;
+mount_ref(mount_t mp, int locked)
 {
 {
-       struct vnode *vp;
+        if ( !locked)
+               mount_lock_spin(mp);
+       
+       mp->mnt_count++;
 
 
-       if (bp->b_vp == (struct vnode *) 0)
-               panic("brelvp: NULL");
-       /*
-        * Delete from old vnode list, if on one.
-        */
-       if (bp->b_vnbufs.le_next != NOLIST)
-               bufremvn(bp);
-       vp = bp->b_vp;
-       bp->b_vp = (struct vnode *) 0;
-       HOLDRELE(vp);
+        if ( !locked)
+               mount_unlock(mp);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Reassign a buffer from one vnode to another.
- * Used to assign file specific control information
- * (indirect blocks) to the vnode to which they belong.
- */
+
 void
 void
-reassignbuf(bp, newvp)
-       register struct buf *bp;
-       register struct vnode *newvp;
+mount_drop(mount_t mp, int locked)
 {
 {
-       register struct buflists *listheadp;
+        if ( !locked)
+               mount_lock_spin(mp);
+       
+       mp->mnt_count--;
 
 
-       if (newvp == NULL) {
-               printf("reassignbuf: NULL");
-               return;
-       }
-       /*
-        * Delete from old vnode list, if on one.
-        */
-       if (bp->b_vnbufs.le_next != NOLIST)
-               bufremvn(bp);
-       /*
-        * If dirty, put on list of dirty buffers;
-        * otherwise insert onto list of clean buffers.
-        */
-       if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI))
-               listheadp = &newvp->v_dirtyblkhd;
-       else
-               listheadp = &newvp->v_cleanblkhd;
-       bufinsvn(bp, listheadp);
+       if (mp->mnt_count == 0 && (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LDRAIN))
+               wakeup(&mp->mnt_lflag);
+
+        if ( !locked)
+               mount_unlock(mp);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Create a vnode for a block device.
- * Used for root filesystem, argdev, and swap areas.
- * Also used for memory file system special devices.
- */
+
 int
 int
-bdevvp(dev, vpp)
-       dev_t dev;
-       struct vnode **vpp;
+mount_iterref(mount_t mp, int locked)
 {
 {
-       register struct vnode *vp;
-       struct vnode *nvp;
-       int error;
+       int retval = 0;
 
 
-       if (dev == NODEV) {
-               *vpp = NULLVP;
-               return (ENODEV);
-       }
-       error = getnewvnode(VT_NON, (struct mount *)0, spec_vnodeop_p, &nvp);
-       if (error) {
-               *vpp = NULLVP;
-               return (error);
-       }
-       vp = nvp;
-       vp->v_type = VBLK;
-       if (nvp = checkalias(vp, dev, (struct mount *)0)) {
-               vput(vp);
-               vp = nvp;
+       if (!locked)
+               mount_list_lock();
+       if (mp->mnt_iterref < 0) {
+               retval = 1;
+       } else {
+               mp->mnt_iterref++;
        }
        }
-       *vpp = vp;
-       return (0);
+       if (!locked)
+               mount_list_unlock();
+       return(retval);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Check to see if the new vnode represents a special device
- * for which we already have a vnode (either because of
- * bdevvp() or because of a different vnode representing
- * the same block device). If such an alias exists, deallocate
- * the existing contents and return the aliased vnode. The
- * caller is responsible for filling it with its new contents.
- */
-struct vnode *
-checkalias(nvp, nvp_rdev, mp)
-       register struct vnode *nvp;
-       dev_t nvp_rdev;
-       struct mount *mp;
+int
+mount_isdrained(mount_t mp, int locked)
 {
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();        /* XXX */
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       struct vnode **vpp;
-       struct specinfo * bufhold;
-       int buffree = 1;
-
-       if (nvp->v_type != VBLK && nvp->v_type != VCHR)
-               return (NULLVP);
+       int retval;
 
 
-       bufhold = (struct specinfo *)_MALLOC_ZONE(sizeof(struct specinfo),
-                       M_VNODE, M_WAITOK);
-       vpp = &speclisth[SPECHASH(nvp_rdev)];
-loop:
-       simple_lock(&spechash_slock);
-       for (vp = *vpp; vp; vp = vp->v_specnext) {
-               if (nvp_rdev != vp->v_rdev || nvp->v_type != vp->v_type)
-                       continue;
-               /*
-                * Alias, but not in use, so flush it out.
-                */
-               simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               if (vp->v_usecount == 0) {
-                       simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-                       vgonel(vp, p);
-                       goto loop;
-               }
-               if (vget(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_INTERLOCK, p)) {
-                       simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-                       goto loop;
-               }
-               break;
-       }
-       if (vp == NULL || vp->v_tag != VT_NON) {
-               nvp->v_specinfo = bufhold;
-               buffree = 0;    /* buffer used */
-               bzero(nvp->v_specinfo, sizeof(struct specinfo));
-               nvp->v_rdev = nvp_rdev;
-               nvp->v_hashchain = vpp;
-               nvp->v_specnext = *vpp;
-               nvp->v_specflags = 0;
-               simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-               *vpp = nvp;
-               if (vp != NULLVP) {
-                       nvp->v_flag |= VALIASED;
-                       vp->v_flag |= VALIASED;
-                       vput(vp);
-               }
-               /* Since buffer is used just return */
-               return (NULLVP);
-       }
-       simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-       VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, p);
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       vclean(vp, 0, p);
-       vp->v_op = nvp->v_op;
-       vp->v_tag = nvp->v_tag;
-       nvp->v_type = VNON;
-       insmntque(vp, mp);
-       if (buffree)
-               _FREE_ZONE((void *)bufhold, sizeof (struct specinfo), M_VNODE);
-       return (vp);
+       if (!locked)
+               mount_list_lock();
+       if (mp->mnt_iterref < 0)
+               retval = 1;
+       else
+               retval = 0;     
+       if (!locked)
+               mount_list_unlock();
+       return(retval);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Get a reference on a particular vnode and lock it if requested.
- * If the vnode was on the inactive list, remove it from the list.
- * If the vnode was on the free list, remove it from the list and
- * move it to inactive list as needed.
- * The vnode lock bit is set if the vnode is being eliminated in
- * vgone. The process is awakened when the transition is completed,
- * and an error returned to indicate that the vnode is no longer
- * usable (possibly having been changed to a new file system type).
- */
-int
-vget(vp, flags, p)
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       int flags;
-       struct proc *p;
+void
+mount_iterdrop(mount_t mp)
 {
 {
-       int error = 0;
-
-       /*
-        * If the vnode is in the process of being cleaned out for
-        * another use, we wait for the cleaning to finish and then
-        * return failure. Cleaning is determined by checking that
-        * the VXLOCK flag is set.
-        */
-       if ((flags & LK_INTERLOCK) == 0)
-               simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if ((vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) || (vp->v_flag & VORECLAIM)) {
-               vp->v_flag |= VXWANT;
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               (void)tsleep((caddr_t)vp, PINOD, "vget", 0);
-               return (ENOENT);
-       }
-
-       /* 
-        * vnode is being terminated.
-        * wait for vnode_pager_no_senders() to clear VTERMINATE
-        */
-       if (ISSET(vp->v_flag, VTERMINATE)) {
-               SET(vp->v_flag, VTERMWANT);
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               (void)tsleep((caddr_t)&vp->v_ubcinfo, PINOD, "vclean", 0);
-               return (ENOENT);
-       }
-
-       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       if (vp->v_usecount == 0) {
-               /* If on the free list, remove it from there */
-               if (VONLIST(vp))
-                       VREMFREE("vget", vp);
-       } else {
-               /* If on the inactive list, remove it from there */
-               if ((vp->v_usecount == 1) && UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-                       if (VONLIST(vp))
-                               VREMINACTIVE("vget", vp);
-               }
-       }
+       mount_list_lock();
+       mp->mnt_iterref--;
+       wakeup(&mp->mnt_iterref);
+       mount_list_unlock();
+}
 
 
-       /* The vnode should not be on the inactive list here */
-       VINACTIVECHECK("vget", vp, 0);
+void
+mount_iterdrain(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_list_lock();
+       while (mp->mnt_iterref)
+               msleep((caddr_t)&mp->mnt_iterref, mnt_list_mtx_lock, PVFS, "mount_iterdrain", NULL);
+       /* mount iterations drained */
+       mp->mnt_iterref = -1;
+       mount_list_unlock();
+}
+void
+mount_iterreset(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_list_lock();
+       if (mp->mnt_iterref == -1)
+               mp->mnt_iterref = 0;
+       mount_list_unlock();
+}
 
 
-       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
+/* always called with  mount lock held */
+int 
+mount_refdrain(mount_t mp)
+{
+       if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LDRAIN)
+               panic("already in drain");
+       mp->mnt_lflag |= MNT_LDRAIN;
 
 
-       if (++vp->v_usecount <= 0)
-               panic("vget: v_usecount");                     
+       while (mp->mnt_count)
+               msleep((caddr_t)&mp->mnt_lflag, &mp->mnt_mlock, PVFS, "mount_drain", NULL);
 
 
-       /*
-        * Recover named reference as needed
-        */
-       if (UBCISVALID(vp) && !ubc_issetflags(vp, UI_HASOBJREF)) {
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               if (ubc_getobject(vp, UBC_HOLDOBJECT)) {
-                       error = ENOENT;
-                       goto errout;
-               }
-               simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       }
+       if (mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first != NULL)
+                panic("mount_refdrain: dangling vnode"); 
 
 
-       if (flags & LK_TYPE_MASK) {
-               if (error = vn_lock(vp, flags | LK_INTERLOCK, p))
-                       goto errout;
-               return (0);
-       }
+       mp->mnt_lflag &= ~MNT_LDRAIN;
 
 
-       if ((flags & LK_INTERLOCK) == 0)
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       return (0);
+       return(0);
+}
 
 
-errout:
-       /*
-        * If the vnode was not active in the first place
-        * must not call vrele() as VOP_INACTIVE() is not
-        * required.
-        * So inlined part of vrele() here.
-        */
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (--vp->v_usecount == 1) {
-               if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-                       vinactive(vp);
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       return (error);
-               }
-       }
-       if (vp->v_usecount > 0) {
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               return (error);
-       }
-       if (vp->v_usecount < 0)
-               panic("vget: negative usecount (%d)", vp->v_usecount);
-       vfree(vp);
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       return (error);
+/* Tags the mount point as not supportine extended readdir for NFS exports */
+void 
+mount_set_noreaddirext(mount_t mp) {
+       mount_lock (mp);
+       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_DENY_READDIREXT;
+       mount_unlock (mp);
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * Get a pager reference on the particular vnode.
- *
- * This is called from ubc_info_init() and it is asumed that
- * the vnode is neither on the free list on on the inactive list.
- * It is also assumed that the vnode is neither being recycled
- * by vgonel nor being terminated by vnode_pager_vrele().
- *
- * The vnode interlock is NOT held by the caller.
+ * Mark a mount point as busy. Used to synchronize access and to delay
+ * unmounting.
  */
  */
-__private_extern__ int
-vnode_pager_vget(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+int
+vfs_busy(mount_t mp, int flags)
 {
 {
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (UBCINFOMISSING(vp))
-               panic("vnode_pager_vget: stolen ubc_info");
-
-       if (!UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
-               panic("vnode_pager_vget: lost ubc_info");
-
-       if ((vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) || (vp->v_flag & VORECLAIM))
-               panic("vnode_pager_vget: already being reclaimd");
 
 
-       if (ISSET(vp->v_flag, VTERMINATE))
-               panic("vnode_pager_vget: already being terminated");
+restart:
+       if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LDEAD)
+               return(ENOENT);
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       /* The vnode should not be on ANY list */
-       if (VONLIST(vp))
-               panic("vnode_pager_vget: still on the list");
+       if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LUNMOUNT) {
+               if (flags & LK_NOWAIT)
+                       return (ENOENT);
 
 
-       /* The vnode should not be on the inactive list here */
-       VINACTIVECHECK("vnode_pager_vget", vp, 0);
-       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
+               mount_lock(mp);
 
 
-       /* After all those checks, now do the real work :-) */
-       if (++vp->v_usecount <= 0)
-               panic("vnode_pager_vget: v_usecount");                     
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
+               if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LDEAD) {
+                       mount_unlock(mp);
+                       return(ENOENT);
+               }
+               if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LUNMOUNT) {
+                       mp->mnt_lflag |= MNT_LWAIT;
+                       /*
+                        * Since all busy locks are shared except the exclusive
+                        * lock granted when unmounting, the only place that a
+                        * wakeup needs to be done is at the release of the
+                        * exclusive lock at the end of dounmount.
+                        */
+                       msleep((caddr_t)mp, &mp->mnt_mlock, (PVFS | PDROP), "vfsbusy", NULL);
+                       return (ENOENT);
+               }
+               mount_unlock(mp);
+       }
 
 
-       return (0);
-}
+       lck_rw_lock_shared(&mp->mnt_rwlock);
 
 
-/*
- * Stubs to use when there is no locking to be done on the underlying object.
- * A minimal shared lock is necessary to ensure that the underlying object
- * is not revoked while an operation is in progress. So, an active shared
- * count is maintained in an auxillary vnode lock structure.
- */
-int
-vop_nolock(ap)
-       struct vop_lock_args /* {
-               struct vnode *a_vp;
-               int a_flags;
-               struct proc *a_p;
-       } */ *ap;
-{
-#ifdef notyet
-       /*
-        * This code cannot be used until all the non-locking filesystems
-        * (notably NFS) are converted to properly lock and release nodes.
-        * Also, certain vnode operations change the locking state within
-        * the operation (create, mknod, remove, link, rename, mkdir, rmdir,
-        * and symlink). Ideally these operations should not change the
-        * lock state, but should be changed to let the caller of the
-        * function unlock them. Otherwise all intermediate vnode layers
-        * (such as union, umapfs, etc) must catch these functions to do
-        * the necessary locking at their layer. Note that the inactive
-        * and lookup operations also change their lock state, but this 
-        * cannot be avoided, so these two operations will always need
-        * to be handled in intermediate layers.
-        */
-       struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
-       int vnflags, flags = ap->a_flags;
-
-       if (vp->v_vnlock == NULL) {
-               if ((flags & LK_TYPE_MASK) == LK_DRAIN)
-                       return (0);
-               MALLOC_ZONE(vp->v_vnlock, struct lock__bsd__ *,
-                               sizeof(struct lock__bsd__), M_VNODE, M_WAITOK);
-               lockinit(vp->v_vnlock, PVFS, "vnlock", 0, 0);
-       }
-       switch (flags & LK_TYPE_MASK) {
-       case LK_DRAIN:
-               vnflags = LK_DRAIN;
-               break;
-       case LK_EXCLUSIVE:
-       case LK_SHARED:
-               vnflags = LK_SHARED;
-               break;
-       case LK_UPGRADE:
-       case LK_EXCLUPGRADE:
-       case LK_DOWNGRADE:
-               return (0);
-       case LK_RELEASE:
-       default:
-               panic("vop_nolock: bad operation %d", flags & LK_TYPE_MASK);
-       }
-       if (flags & LK_INTERLOCK)
-               vnflags |= LK_INTERLOCK;
-       return(lockmgr(vp->v_vnlock, vnflags, &vp->v_interlock, ap->a_p));
-#else /* for now */
-       /*
-        * Since we are not using the lock manager, we must clear
-        * the interlock here.
+       /* 
+        * until we are granted the rwlock, it's possible for the mount point to
+        * change state, so reevaluate before granting the vfs_busy
         */
         */
-       if (ap->a_flags & LK_INTERLOCK)
-               simple_unlock(&ap->a_vp->v_interlock);
+       if (mp->mnt_lflag & (MNT_LDEAD | MNT_LUNMOUNT)) {
+               lck_rw_done(&mp->mnt_rwlock);
+               goto restart;
+       }
        return (0);
        return (0);
-#endif
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * Decrement the active use count.
+ * Free a busy filesystem.
  */
  */
-int
-vop_nounlock(ap)
-       struct vop_unlock_args /* {
-               struct vnode *a_vp;
-               int a_flags;
-               struct proc *a_p;
-       } */ *ap;
-{
-       struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
 
 
-       if (vp->v_vnlock == NULL)
-               return (0);
-       return (lockmgr(vp->v_vnlock, LK_RELEASE, NULL, ap->a_p));
+void
+vfs_unbusy(mount_t mp)
+{
+       lck_rw_done(&mp->mnt_rwlock);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Return whether or not the node is in use.
- */
-int
-vop_noislocked(ap)
-       struct vop_islocked_args /* {
-               struct vnode *a_vp;
-       } */ *ap;
-{
-       struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
 
 
-       if (vp->v_vnlock == NULL)
-               return (0);
-       return (lockstatus(vp->v_vnlock));
-}
 
 
-/*
- * Vnode reference.
- */
-void
-vref(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
-{
+static void
+vfs_rootmountfailed(mount_t mp) {
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (vp->v_usecount <= 0)
-               panic("vref used where vget required");
+       mount_list_lock();
+       mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_refcount--;
+       mount_list_unlock();
 
 
-       /* If on the inactive list, remove it from there */
-       if ((vp->v_usecount == 1) && UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-               if (VONLIST(vp)) {
-                       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-                       VREMINACTIVE("vref", vp);
-                       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               }
-       }
-       /* The vnode should not be on the inactive list here */
-       VINACTIVECHECK("vref", vp, 0);
+       vfs_unbusy(mp);
+
+       mount_lock_destroy(mp);
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       mac_mount_label_destroy(mp);
+#endif
 
 
-       if (++vp->v_usecount <= 0)
-               panic("vref v_usecount");                     
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
+       FREE_ZONE(mp, sizeof(struct mount), M_MOUNT);
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * put the vnode on appropriate free list.
- * called with v_interlock held.
+ * Lookup a filesystem type, and if found allocate and initialize
+ * a mount structure for it.
+ *
+ * Devname is usually updated by mount(8) after booting.
  */
  */
-static void
-vfree(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+static mount_t
+vfs_rootmountalloc_internal(struct vfstable *vfsp, const char *devname)
 {
 {
-       /*
-        * if the vnode is not obtained by calling getnewvnode() we
-        * are not responsible for the cleanup. Just return.
-        */
-       if (!(vp->v_flag & VSTANDARD)) {
-               return;
-       }
-
-       if (vp->v_usecount != 0)
-               panic("vfree: v_usecount");
+       mount_t mp;
+
+       mp = _MALLOC_ZONE(sizeof(struct mount), M_MOUNT, M_WAITOK);
+       bzero((char *)mp, sizeof(struct mount));
+
+       /* Initialize the default IO constraints */
+       mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = MAXPHYS;
+       mp->mnt_segreadcnt = mp->mnt_segwritecnt = 32;
+       mp->mnt_maxsegreadsize = mp->mnt_maxreadcnt;
+       mp->mnt_maxsegwritesize = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt;
+       mp->mnt_devblocksize = DEV_BSIZE;
+       mp->mnt_alignmentmask = PAGE_MASK;
+       mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth = MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH;
+       mp->mnt_ioscale = 1;
+       mp->mnt_ioflags = 0;
+       mp->mnt_realrootvp = NULLVP;
+       mp->mnt_authcache_ttl = CACHED_LOOKUP_RIGHT_TTL;
+       mp->mnt_throttle_mask = LOWPRI_MAX_NUM_DEV - 1;
+       mp->mnt_devbsdunit = 0;
+
+       mount_lock_init(mp);
+       (void)vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT);
+
+       TAILQ_INIT(&mp->mnt_vnodelist);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&mp->mnt_workerqueue);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&mp->mnt_newvnodes);
+
+       mp->mnt_vtable = vfsp;
+       mp->mnt_op = vfsp->vfc_vfsops;
+       mp->mnt_flag = MNT_RDONLY | MNT_ROOTFS;
+       mp->mnt_vnodecovered = NULLVP;
+       //mp->mnt_stat.f_type = vfsp->vfc_typenum;
+       mp->mnt_flag |= vfsp->vfc_flags & MNT_VISFLAGMASK;
 
 
-       /* insert at tail of LRU list or at head if VAGE is set */
-       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
+       mount_list_lock();
+       vfsp->vfc_refcount++;
+       mount_list_unlock();
 
 
-       if (VONLIST(vp))
-                panic("vfree: vnode still on list");
+       strncpy(mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fstypename, vfsp->vfc_name, MFSTYPENAMELEN);
+       mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname[0] = '/';
+       /* XXX const poisoning layering violation */
+       (void) copystr((const void *)devname, mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntfromname, MAXPATHLEN - 1, NULL);
 
 
-       if (vp->v_flag & VAGE) {
-               TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
-               vp->v_flag &= ~VAGE;
-       } else
-               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
-       freevnodes++;
-       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       return;
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       mac_mount_label_init(mp);
+       mac_mount_label_associate(vfs_context_kernel(), mp);
+#endif
+       return (mp);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * put the vnode on the inactive list.
- * called with v_interlock held
- */
-static void
-vinactive(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+errno_t
+vfs_rootmountalloc(const char *fstypename, const char *devname, mount_t *mpp)
 {
 {
-       if (!UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
-               panic("vinactive: not a UBC vnode");
+        struct vfstable *vfsp;
 
 
-       if (vp->v_usecount != 1)
-               panic("vinactive: v_usecount");
-
-       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
+       for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
+               if (!strncmp(vfsp->vfc_name, fstypename,
+                            sizeof(vfsp->vfc_name)))
+                       break;
+        if (vfsp == NULL)
+               return (ENODEV);
 
 
-       if (VONLIST(vp))
-                panic("vinactive: vnode still on list");
-       VINACTIVECHECK("vinactive", vp, 0);
+       *mpp = vfs_rootmountalloc_internal(vfsp, devname);
 
 
-       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vnode_inactive_list, vp, v_freelist);
-       SET(vp->v_flag, VUINACTIVE);
-       CLR(vp->v_flag, (VNOCACHE_DATA | VRAOFF));
+       if (*mpp)
+               return (0);
 
 
-       inactivevnodes++;
-       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       return;
+       return (ENOMEM);
 }
 
 
 /*
 }
 
 
 /*
- * vput(), just unlock and vrele()
+ * Find an appropriate filesystem to use for the root. If a filesystem
+ * has not been preselected, walk through the list of known filesystems
+ * trying those that have mountroot routines, and try them until one
+ * works or we have tried them all.
  */
  */
-void
-vput(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+extern int (*mountroot)(void);
+
+int
+vfs_mountroot(void)
 {
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();        /* XXX */
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       struct vnode *vp;
+#endif
+       struct vfstable *vfsp;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_kernel();
+       struct vfs_attr vfsattr;
+       int     error;
+       mount_t mp;
+       vnode_t bdevvp_rootvp;
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (--vp->v_usecount == 1) {
-               if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-                       vinactive(vp);
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, p);
-                       return;
-               }
-       }
-       if (vp->v_usecount > 0) {
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, p);
-               return;
+       if (mountroot != NULL) {
+               /*
+                * used for netboot which follows a different set of rules
+                */
+               error = (*mountroot)();
+               return (error);
        }
        }
-#if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if (vp->v_usecount < 0 || vp->v_writecount != 0) {
-               vprint("vput: bad ref count", vp);
-               panic("vput: v_usecount = %d, v_writecount = %d",
-                       vp->v_usecount, vp->v_writecount);
+       if ((error = bdevvp(rootdev, &rootvp))) {
+               printf("vfs_mountroot: can't setup bdevvp\n");
+               return (error);
        }
        }
-#endif
-       if (ISSET((vp)->v_flag, VUINACTIVE) && VONLIST(vp))
-               VREMINACTIVE("vrele", vp);
-
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       VOP_INACTIVE(vp, p);
        /*
        /*
-        * The interlock is not held and
-        * VOP_INCATIVE releases the vnode lock.
-        * We could block and the vnode might get reactivated
-        * Can not just call vfree without checking the state
+        * 4951998 - code we call in vfc_mountroot may replace rootvp 
+        * so keep a local copy for some house keeping.
         */
         */
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (!VONLIST(vp)) {
-               if (vp->v_usecount == 0) 
-                       vfree(vp);
-               else if ((vp->v_usecount == 1) && UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
-                       vinactive(vp);
-       }
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-}
+       bdevvp_rootvp = rootvp;
 
 
-/*
- * Vnode release.
- * If count drops to zero, call inactive routine and return to freelist.
- */
-void
-vrele(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
-{
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();        /* XXX */
+       for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next) {
+               if (vfsp->vfc_mountroot == NULL)
+                       continue;
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (--vp->v_usecount == 1) {
-               if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-                       vinactive(vp);
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       return;
-               }
-       }
-       if (vp->v_usecount > 0) {
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               return;
-       }
-#if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if (vp->v_usecount < 0 || vp->v_writecount != 0) {
-               vprint("vrele: bad ref count", vp);
-               panic("vrele: ref cnt");
-       }
-#endif
-       if (ISSET((vp)->v_flag, VUINACTIVE) && VONLIST(vp))
-               VREMINACTIVE("vrele", vp);
+               mp = vfs_rootmountalloc_internal(vfsp, "root_device");
+               mp->mnt_devvp = rootvp;
+
+               if ((error = (*vfsp->vfc_mountroot)(mp, rootvp, ctx)) == 0) {
+                       if ( bdevvp_rootvp != rootvp ) {
+                               /*
+                                * rootvp changed...
+                                *   bump the iocount and fix up mnt_devvp for the
+                                *   new rootvp (it will already have a usecount taken)...
+                                *   drop the iocount and the usecount on the orignal
+                                *   since we are no longer going to use it...
+                                */
+                               vnode_getwithref(rootvp);
+                               mp->mnt_devvp = rootvp;
+
+                               vnode_rele(bdevvp_rootvp);
+                               vnode_put(bdevvp_rootvp);
+                       }
+                       mp->mnt_devvp->v_specflags |= SI_MOUNTEDON;
 
 
+                       vfs_unbusy(mp);
 
 
-       if ((vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) || (vp->v_flag & VORECLAIM)) {
-               /* vnode is being cleaned, just return */
-               vfree(vp);
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               return;
-       }
+                       mount_list_add(mp);
 
 
-       if (vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_INTERLOCK, p) == 0) {
-               VOP_INACTIVE(vp, p);
-               /*
-                * vn_lock releases the interlock and
-                * VOP_INCATIVE releases the vnode lock.
-                * We could block and the vnode might get reactivated
-                * Can not just call vfree without checking the state
-                */
-               simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               if (!VONLIST(vp)) {
-                       if (vp->v_usecount == 0) 
-                               vfree(vp);
-                       else if ((vp->v_usecount == 1) && UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
-                               vinactive(vp);
+                       /*
+                        *   cache the IO attributes for the underlying physical media...
+                        *   an error return indicates the underlying driver doesn't
+                        *   support all the queries necessary... however, reasonable
+                        *   defaults will have been set, so no reason to bail or care
+                        */
+                       vfs_init_io_attributes(rootvp, mp);
+
+                       /*
+                        * Shadow the VFC_VFSNATIVEXATTR flag to MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS.
+                        */
+                       if (mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSNATIVEXATTR) {
+                               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS;
+                       }
+                       if (mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSPREFLIGHT) {
+                               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_UNMOUNT_PREFLIGHT;
+                       }
+
+                       /*
+                        * Probe root file system for additional features.
+                        */
+                       (void)VFS_START(mp, 0, ctx);
+
+                       VFSATTR_INIT(&vfsattr);
+                       VFSATTR_WANTED(&vfsattr, f_capabilities);
+                       if (vfs_getattr(mp, &vfsattr, ctx) == 0 && 
+                           VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&vfsattr, f_capabilities)) {
+                               if ((vfsattr.f_capabilities.capabilities[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_ATTR) &&
+                                   (vfsattr.f_capabilities.valid[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_ATTR)) {
+                                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS;
+                               }
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+                               if ((vfsattr.f_capabilities.capabilities[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_NAMEDSTREAMS) &&
+                                   (vfsattr.f_capabilities.valid[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_NAMEDSTREAMS)) {
+                                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS;
+                               }
+#endif
+                               if ((vfsattr.f_capabilities.capabilities[VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT] & VOL_CAP_FMT_PATH_FROM_ID) &&
+                                   (vfsattr.f_capabilities.valid[VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT] & VOL_CAP_FMT_PATH_FROM_ID)) {
+                                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_PATH_FROM_ID;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /*
+                        * get rid of iocount reference returned
+                        * by bdevvp (or picked up by us on the substitued
+                        * rootvp)... it (or we) will have also taken
+                        * a usecount reference which we want to keep
+                        */
+                       vnode_put(rootvp);
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+                       if ((vfs_flags(mp) & MNT_MULTILABEL) == 0)
+                               return (0);
+
+                       error = VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp, ctx);
+                       if (error) {
+                               printf("%s() VFS_ROOT() returned %d\n",
+                                   __func__, error);
+                               dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, 0, ctx);
+                               goto fail;
+                       }
+                       error = vnode_label(mp, NULL, vp, NULL, 0, ctx);
+                       /*
+                        * get rid of reference provided by VFS_ROOT
+                        */
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+
+                       if (error) {
+                               printf("%s() vnode_label() returned %d\n",
+                                   __func__, error);
+                               dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, 0, ctx);
+                               goto fail;
+                       }
+#endif
+                       return (0);
                }
                }
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       }
-#if 0
-       else {
-               vfree(vp);
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               kprintf("vrele: vn_lock() failed for vp = 0x%08x\n", vp);
-       }
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+fail:
 #endif
 #endif
+               vfs_rootmountfailed(mp);
+               
+               if (error != EINVAL)
+                       printf("%s_mountroot failed: %d\n", vfsp->vfc_name, error);
+       }
+       return (ENODEV);
 }
 
 }
 
-void
-vagevp(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+/*
+ * Lookup a mount point by filesystem identifier.
+ */
+
+struct mount *
+vfs_getvfs(fsid_t *fsid)
 {
 {
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       vp->v_flag |= VAGE;
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       return;
+       return (mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid, 0, 0));
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Page or buffer structure gets a reference.
- */
-void
-vhold(vp)
-       register struct vnode *vp;
+static struct mount *
+vfs_getvfs_locked(fsid_t *fsid)
 {
 {
+       return(mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid, 1, 0));
+}
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       vp->v_holdcnt++;
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
+struct mount *
+vfs_getvfs_by_mntonname(char *path)
+{
+       mount_t retmp = (mount_t)0;
+       mount_t mp;
+
+       mount_list_lock();
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
+               if (!strncmp(mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname, path,
+                                       sizeof(mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname))) {
+                       retmp = mp;
+                       if (mount_iterref(retmp, 1))
+                               retmp = NULL;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+out:
+       mount_list_unlock();
+       return (retmp);
 }
 
 }
 
+/* generation number for creation of new fsids */
+u_short mntid_gen = 0;
 /*
 /*
- * Page or buffer structure frees a reference.
+ * Get a new unique fsid
  */
 void
  */
 void
-holdrele(vp)
-       register struct vnode *vp;
+vfs_getnewfsid(struct mount *mp)
 {
 
 {
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (vp->v_holdcnt <= 0)
-               panic("holdrele: holdcnt");
-       vp->v_holdcnt--;
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove any vnodes in the vnode table belonging to mount point mp.
- *
- * If MNT_NOFORCE is specified, there should not be any active ones,
- * return error if any are found (nb: this is a user error, not a
- * system error). If MNT_FORCE is specified, detach any active vnodes
- * that are found.
- */
-#if DIAGNOSTIC
-int busyprt = 0;       /* print out busy vnodes */
-#if 0
-struct ctldebug debug1 = { "busyprt", &busyprt };
-#endif /* 0 */
-#endif
+       fsid_t tfsid;
+       int mtype;
+       mount_t nmp;
 
 
-int
-vflush(mp, skipvp, flags)
-       struct mount *mp;
-       struct vnode *skipvp;
-       int flags;
-{
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
-       struct vnode *vp, *nvp;
-       int busy = 0;
+       mount_list_lock();
 
 
-       simple_lock(&mntvnode_slock);
-loop:
-       for (vp = mp->mnt_vnodelist.lh_first; vp; vp = nvp) {
-               if (vp->v_mount != mp)
-                       goto loop;
-               nvp = vp->v_mntvnodes.le_next;
-               /*
-                * Skip over a selected vnode.
-                */
-               if (vp == skipvp)
-                       continue;
+       /* generate a new fsid */
+       mtype = mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_typenum;
+       if (++mntid_gen == 0)
+               mntid_gen++;
+       tfsid.val[0] = makedev(nblkdev + mtype, mntid_gen);
+       tfsid.val[1] = mtype;
 
 
-               simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               /*
-                * Skip over a vnodes marked VSYSTEM.
-                */
-               if ((flags & SKIPSYSTEM) && (vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)) {
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               /*
-                * Skip over a vnodes marked VSWAP.
-                */
-               if ((flags & SKIPSWAP) && (vp->v_flag & VSWAP)) {
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               /*
-                * If WRITECLOSE is set, only flush out regular file
-                * vnodes open for writing.
-                */
-               if ((flags & WRITECLOSE) &&
-                   (vp->v_writecount == 0 || vp->v_type != VREG)) {
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               /*
-                * With v_usecount == 0, all we need to do is clear
-                * out the vnode data structures and we are done.
-                */
-               if (vp->v_usecount == 0) {
-                       simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
-                       vgonel(vp, p);
-                       simple_lock(&mntvnode_slock);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               /*
-                * If FORCECLOSE is set, forcibly close the vnode.
-                * For block or character devices, revert to an
-                * anonymous device. For all other files, just kill them.
-                */
-               if (flags & FORCECLOSE) {
-                       simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
-                       if (vp->v_type != VBLK && vp->v_type != VCHR) {
-                               vgonel(vp, p);
-                       } else {
-                               vclean(vp, 0, p);
-                               vp->v_op = spec_vnodeop_p;
-                               insmntque(vp, (struct mount *)0);
-                       }
-                       simple_lock(&mntvnode_slock);
-                       continue;
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(nmp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
+               while (vfs_getvfs_locked(&tfsid)) {
+                       if (++mntid_gen == 0)
+                               mntid_gen++;
+                       tfsid.val[0] = makedev(nblkdev + mtype, mntid_gen);
                }
                }
-#if DIAGNOSTIC
-               if (busyprt)
-                       vprint("vflush: busy vnode", vp);
-#endif
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               busy++;
        }
        }
-       simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
-       if (busy)
-               return (EBUSY);
-       return (0);
+       mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[0] = tfsid.val[0];
+       mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[1] = tfsid.val[1];
+       mount_list_unlock();
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * Disassociate the underlying file system from a vnode.
- * The vnode interlock is held on entry.
+ * Routines having to do with the management of the vnode table.
+ */
+extern int (**dead_vnodeop_p)(void *);
+long numvnodes, freevnodes, deadvnodes;
+
+
+/*
+ * Move a vnode from one mount queue to another.
  */
 static void
  */
 static void
-vclean(vp, flags, p)
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       int flags;
-       struct proc *p;
+insmntque(vnode_t vp, mount_t mp)
 {
 {
-       int active;
-       void *obj;
-       kern_return_t kret;
-       int removed = 0;
-       int didhold;
-
+       mount_t lmp;
        /*
        /*
-        * if the vnode is not obtained by calling getnewvnode() we
-        * are not responsible for the cleanup. Just return.
+        * Delete from old mount point vnode list, if on one.
         */
         */
-       if (!(vp->v_flag & VSTANDARD)) {
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
+       if ( (lmp = vp->v_mount) != NULL && lmp != dead_mountp) {
+               if ((vp->v_lflag & VNAMED_MOUNT) == 0)
+                       panic("insmntque: vp not in mount vnode list");
+               vp->v_lflag &= ~VNAMED_MOUNT;
+
+               mount_lock_spin(lmp);
+
+               mount_drop(lmp, 1);
+
+               if (vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next == NULL) {
+                       if (TAILQ_LAST(&lmp->mnt_vnodelist, vnodelst) == vp)
+                               TAILQ_REMOVE(&lmp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+                       else if (TAILQ_LAST(&lmp->mnt_newvnodes, vnodelst) == vp)
+                               TAILQ_REMOVE(&lmp->mnt_newvnodes, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+                       else if (TAILQ_LAST(&lmp->mnt_workerqueue, vnodelst) == vp)
+                               TAILQ_REMOVE(&lmp->mnt_workerqueue, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+                } else {
+                       vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev;
+                       *vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next;
+               }       
+               vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next = NULL;
+               vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = NULL;
+               mount_unlock(lmp);
                return;
        }
 
        /*
                return;
        }
 
        /*
-        * Check to see if the vnode is in use.
-        * If so we have to reference it before we clean it out
-        * so that its count cannot fall to zero and generate a
-        * race against ourselves to recycle it.
-        */
-       if (active = vp->v_usecount)
-               if (++vp->v_usecount <= 0)
-                       panic("vclean: v_usecount");
-       /*
-        * Prevent the vnode from being recycled or
-        * brought into use while we clean it out.
+        * Insert into list of vnodes for the new mount point, if available.
         */
         */
-       if (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK)
-               panic("vclean: deadlock");
-       vp->v_flag |= VXLOCK;
+       if ((vp->v_mount = mp) != NULL) {
+               mount_lock_spin(mp);
+               if ((vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next != 0) && (vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev != 0))
+                       panic("vp already in mount list");
+               if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LITER)
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&mp->mnt_newvnodes, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+               else
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+               if (vp->v_lflag & VNAMED_MOUNT)
+                       panic("insmntque: vp already in mount vnode list");
+               vp->v_lflag |= VNAMED_MOUNT;
+               mount_ref(mp, 1);
+               mount_unlock(mp);
+       }
+}
 
 
-       /*
-        * Even if the count is zero, the VOP_INACTIVE routine may still
-        * have the object locked while it cleans it out. The VOP_LOCK
-        * ensures that the VOP_INACTIVE routine is done with its work.
-        * For active vnodes, it ensures that no other activity can
-        * occur while the underlying object is being cleaned out.
-        */
-       VOP_LOCK(vp, LK_DRAIN | LK_INTERLOCK, p);
 
 
-       /*
-        * if this vnode is on the inactive list 
-        * take it off the list.
-        */
-       if ((active == 1) && 
-               (ISSET((vp)->v_flag, VUINACTIVE) && VONLIST(vp))) {
-               simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               VREMINACTIVE("vclean", vp);
-               simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               removed++;
+/*
+ * Create a vnode for a block device.
+ * Used for root filesystem, argdev, and swap areas.
+ * Also used for memory file system special devices.
+ */
+int
+bdevvp(dev_t dev, vnode_t *vpp)
+{
+       vnode_t nvp;
+       int     error;
+       struct vnode_fsparam vfsp;
+       struct vfs_context context;
+
+       if (dev == NODEV) {
+               *vpp = NULLVP;
+               return (ENODEV);
        }
 
        }
 
-       /* Clean the pages in VM. */
-       if (active && (flags & DOCLOSE))
-               VOP_CLOSE(vp, IO_NDELAY, NOCRED, p);
+       context.vc_thread = current_thread();
+       context.vc_ucred = FSCRED;
 
 
-       /* Clean the pages in VM. */
-       didhold = ubc_hold(vp);
-       if ((active) && (didhold))
-               (void)ubc_clean(vp, 0); /* do not invalidate */
+       vfsp.vnfs_mp = (struct mount *)0;
+       vfsp.vnfs_vtype = VBLK;
+       vfsp.vnfs_str = "bdevvp";
+       vfsp.vnfs_dvp = NULL;
+       vfsp.vnfs_fsnode = NULL;
+       vfsp.vnfs_cnp = NULL;
+       vfsp.vnfs_vops = spec_vnodeop_p;
+       vfsp.vnfs_rdev = dev;
+       vfsp.vnfs_filesize = 0;
 
 
-       /*
-        * Clean out any buffers associated with the vnode.
-        */
-       if (flags & DOCLOSE) {
-               if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS)
-            nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, NOCRED, p, 0);
-        else
-            vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, NOCRED, p, 0, 0);
-    }
+       vfsp.vnfs_flags = VNFS_NOCACHE | VNFS_CANTCACHE;
 
 
-       if (active)
-               VOP_INACTIVE(vp, p);
-       else
-               VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, p);
+       vfsp.vnfs_marksystem = 0;
+       vfsp.vnfs_markroot = 0;
 
 
-       /* Destroy ubc named reference */
-    if (didhold) {
-        ubc_rele(vp);
-               ubc_destroy_named(vp);
+       if ( (error = vnode_create(VNCREATE_FLAVOR, VCREATESIZE, &vfsp, &nvp)) ) {
+               *vpp = NULLVP;
+               return (error);
        }
        }
-
-       /*
-        * Reclaim the vnode.
-        */
-       if (VOP_RECLAIM(vp, p))
-               panic("vclean: cannot reclaim");
-       cache_purge(vp);
-       if (vp->v_vnlock) {
-               if ((vp->v_vnlock->lk_flags & LK_DRAINED) == 0)
-                       vprint("vclean: lock not drained", vp);
-               FREE_ZONE(vp->v_vnlock, sizeof (struct lock__bsd__), M_VNODE);
-               vp->v_vnlock = NULL;
+       vnode_lock_spin(nvp);
+       nvp->v_flag |= VBDEVVP;
+       nvp->v_tag = VT_NON;    /* set this to VT_NON so during aliasing it can be replaced */
+       vnode_unlock(nvp);
+       if ( (error = vnode_ref(nvp)) ) {
+               panic("bdevvp failed: vnode_ref");
+               return (error);
+       }
+       if ( (error = VNOP_FSYNC(nvp, MNT_WAIT, &context)) ) {
+               panic("bdevvp failed: fsync");
+               return (error);
+       }
+       if ( (error = buf_invalidateblks(nvp, BUF_WRITE_DATA, 0, 0)) ) {
+               panic("bdevvp failed: invalidateblks");
+               return (error);
        }
 
        }
 
-       /* It's dead, Jim! */
-       vp->v_op = dead_vnodeop_p;
-       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
-
-       /*
-        * Done with purge, notify sleepers of the grim news.
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /* 
+        * XXXMAC: We can't put a MAC check here, the system will
+        * panic without this vnode.
         */
         */
-       vp->v_flag &= ~VXLOCK;
-       if (vp->v_flag & VXWANT) {
-               vp->v_flag &= ~VXWANT;
-               wakeup((caddr_t)vp);
+#endif /* MAC */       
+
+       if ( (error = VNOP_OPEN(nvp, FREAD, &context)) ) {
+               panic("bdevvp failed: open");
+               return (error);
        }
        }
+       *vpp = nvp;
 
 
-       if (active)
-               vrele(vp);
+       return (0);
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * Eliminate all activity associated with  the requested vnode
- * and with all vnodes aliased to the requested vnode.
+ * Check to see if the new vnode represents a special device
+ * for which we already have a vnode (either because of
+ * bdevvp() or because of a different vnode representing
+ * the same block device). If such an alias exists, deallocate
+ * the existing contents and return the aliased vnode. The
+ * caller is responsible for filling it with its new contents.
  */
  */
-int
-vop_revoke(ap)
-       struct vop_revoke_args /* {
-               struct vnode *a_vp;
-               int a_flags;
-       } */ *ap;
+static vnode_t
+checkalias(struct vnode *nvp, dev_t nvp_rdev)
 {
 {
-       struct vnode *vp, *vq;
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
+       struct vnode *vp;
+       struct vnode **vpp;
+       struct specinfo *sin = NULL;
+       int vid = 0;
 
 
-#if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if ((ap->a_flags & REVOKEALL) == 0)
-               panic("vop_revoke");
-#endif
+       vpp = &speclisth[SPECHASH(nvp_rdev)];
+loop:
+       SPECHASH_LOCK();
 
 
-       vp = ap->a_vp;
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
+       for (vp = *vpp; vp; vp = vp->v_specnext) {
+               if (nvp_rdev == vp->v_rdev && nvp->v_type == vp->v_type) {
+                       vid = vp->v_id;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
 
 
-       if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
-               /*
-                * If a vgone (or vclean) is already in progress,
-                * wait until it is done and return.
-                */
-               if (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) {
-                       while (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) {
-                               vp->v_flag |= VXWANT;
-                               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                               (void)tsleep((caddr_t)vp, PINOD, "vop_revokeall", 0);
-                       }
-                       return (0);
+       if (vp) {
+found_alias:
+               if (vnode_getwithvid(vp,vid)) {
+                       goto loop;
                }
                /*
                }
                /*
-                * Ensure that vp will not be vgone'd while we
-                * are eliminating its aliases.
+                * Termination state is checked in vnode_getwithvid
                 */
                 */
-               vp->v_flag |= VXLOCK;
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               while (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
-                       simple_lock(&spechash_slock);
-                       for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
-                               if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
-                                   vq->v_type != vp->v_type || vp == vq)
-                                       continue;
-                               simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-                               vgone(vq);
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       if (vq == NULLVP)
-                               simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-               }
+               vnode_lock(vp);
+
                /*
                /*
-                * Remove the lock so that vgone below will
-                * really eliminate the vnode after which time
-                * vgone will awaken any sleepers.
+                * Alias, but not in use, so flush it out.
                 */
                 */
-               simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               vp->v_flag &= ~VXLOCK;
+               if ((vp->v_iocount == 1) && (vp->v_usecount == 0)) {
+                       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+                       vnode_put_locked(vp);
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       goto loop;
+               }
+               
        }
        }
-       vgonel(vp, p);
-       return (0);
+       if (vp == NULL || vp->v_tag != VT_NON) {
+               if (sin == NULL) {
+                       MALLOC_ZONE(sin, struct specinfo *, sizeof(struct specinfo),
+                                       M_SPECINFO, M_WAITOK);
+               }
+
+               nvp->v_specinfo = sin;
+               bzero(nvp->v_specinfo, sizeof(struct specinfo));
+               nvp->v_rdev = nvp_rdev;
+               nvp->v_specflags = 0;
+               nvp->v_speclastr = -1;
+               nvp->v_specinfo->si_opencount = 0;
+
+               SPECHASH_LOCK();
+               
+               /* We dropped the lock, someone could have added */
+               if (vp == NULLVP) {
+                       for (vp = *vpp; vp; vp = vp->v_specnext) {
+                               if (nvp_rdev == vp->v_rdev && nvp->v_type == vp->v_type) {
+                                       vid = vp->v_id;
+                                       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+                                       goto found_alias;
+                               }
+                       }
+               } 
+
+               nvp->v_hashchain = vpp;
+               nvp->v_specnext = *vpp;
+               *vpp = nvp;
+
+               if (vp != NULLVP) {
+                       nvp->v_specflags |= SI_ALIASED;
+                       vp->v_specflags |= SI_ALIASED;
+                       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+                       vnode_put_locked(vp);
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+               } else {
+                       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+               }
+
+               return (NULLVP);
+       }
+
+       if (sin) {
+               FREE_ZONE(sin, sizeof(struct specinfo), M_SPECINFO);
+       }
+
+       if ((vp->v_flag & (VBDEVVP | VDEVFLUSH)) != 0)
+               return(vp);
+
+       panic("checkalias with VT_NON vp that shouldn't: %p", vp);
+
+       return (vp);
 }
 
 }
 
+
 /*
 /*
- * Recycle an unused vnode to the front of the free list.
- * Release the passed interlock if the vnode will be recycled.
+ * Get a reference on a particular vnode and lock it if requested.
+ * If the vnode was on the inactive list, remove it from the list.
+ * If the vnode was on the free list, remove it from the list and
+ * move it to inactive list as needed.
+ * The vnode lock bit is set if the vnode is being eliminated in
+ * vgone. The process is awakened when the transition is completed,
+ * and an error returned to indicate that the vnode is no longer
+ * usable (possibly having been changed to a new file system type).
  */
 int
  */
 int
-vrecycle(vp, inter_lkp, p)
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       struct slock *inter_lkp;
-       struct proc *p;
+vget_internal(vnode_t vp, int vid, int vflags)
 {
 {
+       int error = 0;
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       if (vp->v_usecount == 0) {
-               if (inter_lkp)
-                       simple_unlock(inter_lkp);
-               vgonel(vp, p);
-               return (1);
-       }
-       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       return (0);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+       if ((vflags & VNODE_WRITEABLE) && (vp->v_writecount == 0))
+               /*
+                * vnode to be returned only if it has writers opened 
+                */
+               error = EINVAL;
+       else
+               error = vnode_getiocount(vp, vid, vflags);
+
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return (error);
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * Eliminate all activity associated with a vnode
- * in preparation for reuse.
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *             ENOENT                  No such file or directory [terminating]
  */
  */
-void
-vgone(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+int
+vnode_ref(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-       vgonel(vp, p);
+        return (vnode_ref_ext(vp, 0, 0));
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * vgone, with the vp interlock held.
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *             ENOENT                  No such file or directory [terminating]
  */
  */
-void
-vgonel(vp, p)
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       struct proc *p;
+int
+vnode_ref_ext(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int flags)
 {
 {
-       struct vnode *vq;
-       struct vnode *vx;
+       int     error = 0;
+
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
        /*
 
        /*
-        * if the vnode is not obtained by calling getnewvnode() we
-        * are not responsible for the cleanup. Just return.
+        * once all the current call sites have been fixed to insure they have
+        * taken an iocount, we can toughen this assert up and insist that the
+        * iocount is non-zero... a non-zero usecount doesn't insure correctness
         */
         */
-       if (!(vp->v_flag & VSTANDARD)) {
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               return;
-       }
+       if (vp->v_iocount <= 0 && vp->v_usecount <= 0) 
+               panic("vnode_ref_ext: vp %p has no valid reference %d, %d", vp, vp->v_iocount, vp->v_usecount);
 
        /*
 
        /*
-        * If a vgone (or vclean) is already in progress,
-        * wait until it is done and return.
+        * if you are the owner of drain/termination, can acquire usecount
         */
         */
-       if (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) {
-               while (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) {
-                       vp->v_flag |= VXWANT;
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       (void)tsleep((caddr_t)vp, PINOD, "vgone", 0);
+       if ((flags & VNODE_REF_FORCE) == 0) {
+               if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DRAIN | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD))) {
+                       if (vp->v_owner != current_thread()) {
+                               error = ENOENT;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
                }
                }
-               return;
        }
        }
-       /*
-        * Clean out the filesystem specific data.
-        */
-       vclean(vp, DOCLOSE, p);
-       /*
-        * Delete from old mount point vnode list, if on one.
-        */
-       if (vp->v_mount != NULL)
-               insmntque(vp, (struct mount *)0);
-       /*
-        * If special device, remove it from special device alias list
-        * if it is on one.
-        */
-       if ((vp->v_type == VBLK || vp->v_type == VCHR) && vp->v_specinfo != 0) {
-               simple_lock(&spechash_slock);
-               if (*vp->v_hashchain == vp) {
-                       *vp->v_hashchain = vp->v_specnext;
-               } else {
-                       for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
-                               if (vq->v_specnext != vp)
-                                       continue;
-                               vq->v_specnext = vp->v_specnext;
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       if (vq == NULL)
-                               panic("missing bdev");
+       vp->v_usecount++;
+
+       if (fmode & FWRITE) {
+               if (++vp->v_writecount <= 0)
+                       panic("vnode_ref_ext: v_writecount");
+       }
+       if (fmode & O_EVTONLY) {
+               if (++vp->v_kusecount <= 0)
+                       panic("vnode_ref_ext: v_kusecount");
+       }
+       if (vp->v_flag & VRAGE) {
+               struct  uthread *ut;
+
+               ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+               
+               if ( !(current_proc()->p_lflag & P_LRAGE_VNODES) &&
+                    !(ut->uu_flag & UT_RAGE_VNODES)) {
+                       /*
+                        * a 'normal' process accessed this vnode
+                        * so make sure its no longer marked
+                        * for rapid aging...  also, make sure
+                        * it gets removed from the rage list...
+                        * when v_usecount drops back to 0, it
+                        * will be put back on the real free list
+                        */
+                       vp->v_flag &= ~VRAGE;
+                       vp->v_references = 0;
+                       vnode_list_remove(vp);
                }
                }
-               if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
-                       vx = NULL;
-                       for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
-                               if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
-                                   vq->v_type != vp->v_type)
-                                       continue;
-                               if (vx)
-                                       break;
-                               vx = vq;
-                       }
-                       if (vx == NULL)
-                               panic("missing alias");
-                       if (vq == NULL)
-                               vx->v_flag &= ~VALIASED;
-                       vp->v_flag &= ~VALIASED;
-               }
-               simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-               FREE_ZONE(vp->v_specinfo, sizeof (struct specinfo), M_VNODE);
-               vp->v_specinfo = NULL;
-       }
-       /*
-        * If it is on the freelist and not already at the head,
-        * move it to the head of the list. The test of the back
-        * pointer and the reference count of zero is because
-        * it will be removed from the free list by getnewvnode,
-        * but will not have its reference count incremented until
-        * after calling vgone. If the reference count were
-        * incremented first, vgone would (incorrectly) try to
-        * close the previous instance of the underlying object.
-        * So, the back pointer is explicitly set to `0xdeadb' in
-        * getnewvnode after removing it from the freelist to ensure
-        * that we do not try to move it here.
-        */
-       if (vp->v_usecount == 0) {
-               simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-               if ((vp->v_freelist.tqe_prev != (struct vnode **)0xdeadb) &&
-                   vnode_free_list.tqh_first != vp) {
-                       TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
-                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
-               }
-               simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
        }
        }
-       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+       if (vp->v_usecount == 1 && vp->v_type == VREG && !(vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)) {
+
+               if (vp->v_ubcinfo) {
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+                       memory_object_mark_used(vp->v_ubcinfo->ui_control);
+               }
+       }
+out:
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return (error);
 }
 
 }
 
+
 /*
 /*
- * Lookup a vnode by device number.
+ * put the vnode on appropriate free list.
+ * called with vnode LOCKED
  */
  */
-int
-vfinddev(dev, type, vpp)
-       dev_t dev;
-       enum vtype type;
-       struct vnode **vpp;
+static void
+vnode_list_add(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       int rc = 0;
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
+       /*
+        * if it is already on a list or non zero references return 
+        */
+       if (VONLIST(vp) || (vp->v_usecount != 0) || (vp->v_iocount != 0) || (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE))
+               return;
 
 
-       simple_lock(&spechash_slock);
-       for (vp = speclisth[SPECHASH(dev)]; vp; vp = vp->v_specnext) {
-               if (dev != vp->v_rdev || type != vp->v_type)
-                       continue;
-               *vpp = vp;
-               rc = 1;
-               break;
+       vnode_list_lock();
+
+       if ((vp->v_flag & VRAGE) && !(vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)) {
+               /*
+                * add the new guy to the appropriate end of the RAGE list
+                */
+               if ((vp->v_flag & VAGE))
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_rage_list, vp, v_freelist);
+               else
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vnode_rage_list, vp, v_freelist);
+
+               vp->v_listflag |= VLIST_RAGE;
+               ragevnodes++;
+
+               /*
+                * reset the timestamp for the last inserted vp on the RAGE
+                * queue to let new_vnode know that its not ok to start stealing
+                * from this list... as long as we're actively adding to this list
+                * we'll push out the vnodes we want to donate to the real free list
+                * once we stop pushing, we'll let some time elapse before we start
+                * stealing them in the new_vnode routine
+                */
+               microuptime(&rage_tv);
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * if VL_DEAD, insert it at head of the dead list
+                * else insert at tail of LRU list or at head if VAGE is set
+                */
+               if ( (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)) {
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_dead_list, vp, v_freelist);
+                       vp->v_listflag |= VLIST_DEAD;
+                       deadvnodes++;
+               } else if ((vp->v_flag & VAGE)) {
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
+                       vp->v_flag &= ~VAGE;
+                       freevnodes++;
+               } else {
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
+                       freevnodes++;
+               }
        }
        }
-       simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-       return (rc);
+       vnode_list_unlock();
 }
 
 }
 
+
 /*
 /*
- * Calculate the total number of references to a special device.
+ * remove the vnode from appropriate free list.
+ * called with vnode LOCKED and
+ * the list lock held
  */
  */
-int
-vcount(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+static void
+vnode_list_remove_locked(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
-       struct vnode *vq, *vnext;
-       int count;
-
-loop:
-       if ((vp->v_flag & VALIASED) == 0)
-               return (vp->v_usecount);
-       simple_lock(&spechash_slock);
-       for (count = 0, vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vnext) {
-               vnext = vq->v_specnext;
-               if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev || vq->v_type != vp->v_type)
-                       continue;
+       if (VONLIST(vp)) {
                /*
                /*
-                * Alias, but not in use, so flush it out.
+                * the v_listflag field is
+                * protected by the vnode_list_lock
                 */
                 */
-               if (vq->v_usecount == 0 && vq != vp) {
-                       simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-                       vgone(vq);
-                       goto loop;
-               }
-               count += vq->v_usecount;
+               if (vp->v_listflag & VLIST_RAGE)
+                       VREMRAGE("vnode_list_remove", vp);
+               else if (vp->v_listflag & VLIST_DEAD)
+                       VREMDEAD("vnode_list_remove", vp);
+               else
+                       VREMFREE("vnode_list_remove", vp);
        }
        }
-       simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
-       return (count);
 }
 
 }
 
-int    prtactive = 0;          /* 1 => print out reclaim of active vnodes */
 
 /*
 
 /*
- * Print out a description of a vnode.
+ * remove the vnode from appropriate free list.
+ * called with vnode LOCKED
  */
  */
-static char *typename[] =
-   { "VNON", "VREG", "VDIR", "VBLK", "VCHR", "VLNK", "VSOCK", "VFIFO", "VBAD" };
+static void
+vnode_list_remove(vnode_t vp)
+{
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
+        /*
+        * we want to avoid taking the list lock
+        * in the case where we're not on the free
+        * list... this will be true for most
+        * directories and any currently in use files
+        *
+        * we're guaranteed that we can't go from
+        * the not-on-list state to the on-list 
+        * state since we hold the vnode lock...
+        * all calls to vnode_list_add are done
+        * under the vnode lock... so we can
+        * check for that condition (the prevelant one)
+        * without taking the list lock
+        */
+       if (VONLIST(vp)) {
+               vnode_list_lock();
+               /*
+                * however, we're not guaranteed that
+                * we won't go from the on-list state
+                * to the not-on-list state until we
+                * hold the vnode_list_lock... this 
+                * is due to "new_vnode" removing vnodes
+                * from the free list uder the list_lock
+                * w/o the vnode lock... so we need to
+                * check again whether we're currently
+                * on the free list
+                */
+               vnode_list_remove_locked(vp);
+
+               vnode_list_unlock();
+       }
+}
+
 
 void
 
 void
-vprint(label, vp)
-       char *label;
-       register struct vnode *vp;
+vnode_rele(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
-       char buf[64];
+        vnode_rele_internal(vp, 0, 0, 0);
+}
 
 
-       if (label != NULL)
-               printf("%s: ", label);
-       printf("type %s, usecount %d, writecount %d, refcount %d,",
-               typename[vp->v_type], vp->v_usecount, vp->v_writecount,
-               vp->v_holdcnt);
-       buf[0] = '\0';
-       if (vp->v_flag & VROOT)
-               strcat(buf, "|VROOT");
-       if (vp->v_flag & VTEXT)
-               strcat(buf, "|VTEXT");
-       if (vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)
-               strcat(buf, "|VSYSTEM");
-       if (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK)
-               strcat(buf, "|VXLOCK");
-       if (vp->v_flag & VXWANT)
-               strcat(buf, "|VXWANT");
-       if (vp->v_flag & VBWAIT)
-               strcat(buf, "|VBWAIT");
-       if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED)
-               strcat(buf, "|VALIASED");
-       if (buf[0] != '\0')
-               printf(" flags (%s)", &buf[1]);
-       if (vp->v_data == NULL) {
-               printf("\n");
-       } else {
-               printf("\n\t");
-               VOP_PRINT(vp);
-       }
+
+void
+vnode_rele_ext(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter)
+{
+        vnode_rele_internal(vp, fmode, dont_reenter, 0);
 }
 
 }
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
-/*
- * List all of the locked vnodes in the system.
- * Called when debugging the kernel.
- */
+
 void
 void
-printlockedvnodes()
+vnode_rele_internal(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter, int locked)
 {
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
-       struct mount *mp, *nmp;
-       struct vnode *vp;
 
 
-       printf("Locked vnodes\n");
-       simple_lock(&mountlist_slock);
-       for (mp = mountlist.cqh_first; mp != (void *)&mountlist; mp = nmp) {
-               if (vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT, &mountlist_slock, p)) {
-                       nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next;
-                       continue;
+       if ( !locked)
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       else
+               lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
+       if (--vp->v_usecount < 0)
+               panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p usecount -ve : %d.  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.", vp,  vp->v_usecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
+
+       if (fmode & FWRITE) {
+               if (--vp->v_writecount < 0)
+                       panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p writecount -ve : %d.  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.", vp,  vp->v_writecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
+       }
+       if (fmode & O_EVTONLY) {
+               if (--vp->v_kusecount < 0)
+                       panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p kusecount -ve : %d.  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.", vp,  vp->v_kusecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
+       }
+       if (vp->v_kusecount > vp->v_usecount)
+               panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p kusecount(%d) out of balance with usecount(%d).  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.",vp, vp->v_kusecount, vp->v_usecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
+
+       if ((vp->v_iocount > 0) || (vp->v_usecount > 0)) {
+               /*
+                * vnode is still busy... if we're the last
+                * usecount, mark for a future call to VNOP_INACTIVE
+                * when the iocount finally drops to 0
+                */
+               if (vp->v_usecount == 0) {
+                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
+                       vp->v_flag  &= ~(VNOCACHE_DATA | VRAOFF | VOPENEVT);
                }
                }
-               for (vp = mp->mnt_vnodelist.lh_first;
-                    vp != NULL;
-                    vp = vp->v_mntvnodes.le_next) {
-                       if (VOP_ISLOCKED(vp))
-                               vprint((char *)0, vp);
+               goto done;
+       }
+       vp->v_flag  &= ~(VNOCACHE_DATA | VRAOFF | VOPENEVT);
+
+       if ( (vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD)) || dont_reenter) {
+               /*
+                * vnode is being cleaned, or
+                * we've requested that we don't reenter
+                * the filesystem on this release... in
+                * this case, we'll mark the vnode aged
+                * if it's been marked for termination
+                */
+               if (dont_reenter) {
+                       if ( !(vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD | VL_MARKTERM)) )
+                               vp->v_lflag |= VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
+                       vp->v_flag |= VAGE;
                }
                }
-               simple_lock(&mountlist_slock);
-               nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next;
-               vfs_unbusy(mp, p);
+               vnode_list_add(vp);
+
+               goto done;
        }
        }
-       simple_unlock(&mountlist_slock);
-}
+       /*
+        * at this point both the iocount and usecount
+        * are zero
+        * pick up an iocount so that we can call
+        * VNOP_INACTIVE with the vnode lock unheld
+        */
+       vp->v_iocount++;
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+       record_vp(vp, 1);
 #endif
 #endif
+        vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
 
 
-/*
- * Top level filesystem related information gathering.
- */
-int
-vfs_sysctl(name, namelen, oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, p)
-       int *name;
-       u_int namelen;
-       void *oldp;
-       size_t *oldlenp;
-       void *newp;
-       size_t newlen;
-       struct proc *p;
-{
-       struct ctldebug *cdp;
-       struct vfsconf *vfsp;
-
-       if (name[0] == VFS_NUMMNTOPS) {
-               extern unsigned int vfs_nummntops;
-               return (sysctl_rdint(oldp, oldlenp, newp, vfs_nummntops));
-       }
+       VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, vfs_context_current());
 
 
-       /* all sysctl names at this level are at least name and field */
-       if (namelen < 2)
-               return (ENOTDIR);               /* overloaded */
-       if (name[0] != VFS_GENERIC) {
-               for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
-                       if (vfsp->vfc_typenum == name[0])
-                               break;
-               if (vfsp == NULL)
-                       return (EOPNOTSUPP);
-               return ((*vfsp->vfc_vfsops->vfs_sysctl)(&name[1], namelen - 1,
-                   oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, p));
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       /*
+        * because we dropped the vnode lock to call VNOP_INACTIVE
+        * the state of the vnode may have changed... we may have
+        * picked up an iocount, usecount or the MARKTERM may have
+        * been set... we need to reevaluate the reference counts
+        * to determine if we can call vnode_reclaim_internal at
+        * this point... if the reference counts are up, we'll pick
+        * up the MARKTERM state when they get subsequently dropped
+        */
+       if ( (vp->v_iocount == 1) && (vp->v_usecount == 0) &&
+            ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_MARKTERM | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD)) == VL_MARKTERM)) {
+               struct  uthread *ut;
+
+               ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+               
+               if (ut->uu_defer_reclaims) {
+                       vp->v_defer_reclaimlist = ut->uu_vreclaims;
+                       ut->uu_vreclaims = vp;
+                       goto done;
+               }
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
        }
        }
-       switch (name[1]) {
-       case VFS_MAXTYPENUM:
-               return (sysctl_rdint(oldp, oldlenp, newp, maxvfsconf));
-       case VFS_CONF:
-               if (namelen < 3)
-                       return (ENOTDIR);       /* overloaded */
-               for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
-                       if (vfsp->vfc_typenum == name[2])
-                               break;
-               if (vfsp == NULL)
-                       return (EOPNOTSUPP);
-               return (sysctl_rdstruct(oldp, oldlenp, newp, vfsp,
-                   sizeof(struct vfsconf)));
+       vnode_dropiocount(vp);
+       vnode_list_add(vp);
+done:
+       if (vp->v_usecount == 0 && vp->v_type == VREG && !(vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)) {
+
+               if (vp->v_ubcinfo) {
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+                       memory_object_mark_unused(vp->v_ubcinfo->ui_control, (vp->v_flag & VRAGE) == VRAGE);
+               }
        }
        }
-       return (EOPNOTSUPP);
+       if ( !locked)
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+       return;
 }
 
 }
 
-int kinfo_vdebug = 1;
-#define KINFO_VNODESLOP        10
 /*
 /*
- * Dump vnode list (via sysctl).
- * Copyout address of vnode followed by vnode.
+ * Remove any vnodes in the vnode table belonging to mount point mp.
+ *
+ * If MNT_NOFORCE is specified, there should not be any active ones,
+ * return error if any are found (nb: this is a user error, not a
+ * system error). If MNT_FORCE is specified, detach any active vnodes
+ * that are found.
  */
  */
-/* ARGSUSED */
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+int busyprt = 0;       /* print out busy vnodes */
+#if 0
+struct ctldebug debug1 = { "busyprt", &busyprt };
+#endif /* 0 */
+#endif
+
 int
 int
-sysctl_vnode(where, sizep, p)
-       char *where;
-       size_t *sizep;
-       struct proc *p;
-{
-       struct mount *mp, *nmp;
-       struct vnode *nvp, *vp;
-       char *bp = where, *savebp;
-       char *ewhere;
-       int error;
+vflush(struct mount *mp, struct vnode *skipvp, int flags)
+{
+       struct vnode *vp;
+       int busy = 0;
+       int reclaimed = 0;
+       int retval;
+       unsigned int vid;
 
 
-#define VPTRSZ sizeof (struct vnode *)
-#define VNODESZ        sizeof (struct vnode)
-       if (where == NULL) {
-               *sizep = (numvnodes + KINFO_VNODESLOP) * (VPTRSZ + VNODESZ);
-               return (0);
+       mount_lock(mp);
+       vnode_iterate_setup(mp);
+       /*
+        * On regular unmounts(not forced) do a
+        * quick check for vnodes to be in use. This
+        * preserves the caching of vnodes. automounter
+        * tries unmounting every so often to see whether
+        * it is still busy or not.
+        */
+       if (((flags & FORCECLOSE)==0)  && ((mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_UNMOUNT_PREFLIGHT) != 0)) {
+               if (vnode_umount_preflight(mp, skipvp, flags)) {
+                       vnode_iterate_clear(mp);
+                       mount_unlock(mp);
+                       return(EBUSY);
+               }
        }
        }
-       ewhere = where + *sizep;
-               
-       simple_lock(&mountlist_slock);
-       for (mp = mountlist.cqh_first; mp != (void *)&mountlist; mp = nmp) {
-               if (vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT, &mountlist_slock, p)) {
-                       nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next;
+loop:
+       /* it is returns 0 then there is nothing to do */
+       retval = vnode_iterate_prepare(mp);
+
+       if (retval == 0)  {
+               vnode_iterate_clear(mp);
+               mount_unlock(mp);
+               return(retval);
+       }
+
+       /* iterate over all the vnodes */
+       while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mp->mnt_workerqueue)) {
+
+               vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mp->mnt_workerqueue);
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&mp->mnt_workerqueue, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+
+               if ( (vp->v_mount != mp) || (vp == skipvp)) {
                        continue;
                }
                        continue;
                }
-               savebp = bp;
-again:
-               simple_lock(&mntvnode_slock);
-               for (vp = mp->mnt_vnodelist.lh_first;
-                    vp != NULL;
-                    vp = nvp) {
-                       /*
-                        * Check that the vp is still associated with
-                        * this filesystem.  RACE: could have been
-                        * recycled onto the same filesystem.
-                        */
-                       if (vp->v_mount != mp) {
-                               simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
-                               if (kinfo_vdebug)
-                                       printf("kinfo: vp changed\n");
-                               bp = savebp;
-                               goto again;
-                       }
-                       nvp = vp->v_mntvnodes.le_next;
-                       if (bp + VPTRSZ + VNODESZ > ewhere) {
-                               simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
-                               *sizep = bp - where;
-                               return (ENOMEM);
-                       }
-                       simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
-                       if ((error = copyout((caddr_t)&vp, bp, VPTRSZ)) ||
-                          (error = copyout((caddr_t)vp, bp + VPTRSZ, VNODESZ)))
-                               return (error);
-                       bp += VPTRSZ + VNODESZ;
-                       simple_lock(&mntvnode_slock);
-               }
-               simple_unlock(&mntvnode_slock);
-               simple_lock(&mountlist_slock);
-               nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next;
-               vfs_unbusy(mp, p);
-       }
-       simple_unlock(&mountlist_slock);
-
-       *sizep = bp - where;
-       return (0);
-}
+               vid = vp->v_id;
+               mount_unlock(mp);
 
 
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+               if ((vp->v_id != vid) || ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DEAD | VL_TERMINATE)))) {
+                               vnode_unlock(vp);
+                               mount_lock(mp);
+                               continue;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * If requested, skip over vnodes marked VSYSTEM.
+                * Skip over all vnodes marked VNOFLUSH.
+                 */
+               if ((flags & SKIPSYSTEM) && ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM) ||
+                   (vp->v_flag & VNOFLUSH))) {
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       mount_lock(mp);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /*
+                * If requested, skip over vnodes marked VSWAP.
+                */
+               if ((flags & SKIPSWAP) && (vp->v_flag & VSWAP)) {
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       mount_lock(mp);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /*
+                * If requested, skip over vnodes marked VROOT.
+                */
+               if ((flags & SKIPROOT) && (vp->v_flag & VROOT)) {
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       mount_lock(mp);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /*
+                * If WRITECLOSE is set, only flush out regular file
+                * vnodes open for writing.
+                */
+               if ((flags & WRITECLOSE) &&
+                   (vp->v_writecount == 0 || vp->v_type != VREG)) {
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       mount_lock(mp);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /*
+                * If the real usecount is 0, all we need to do is clear
+                * out the vnode data structures and we are done.
+                */
+               if (((vp->v_usecount == 0) ||
+                   ((vp->v_usecount - vp->v_kusecount) == 0))) {
+
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+                       vp->v_iocount++;        /* so that drain waits for * other iocounts */
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+                       record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+                       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+                       vnode_dropiocount(vp);
+                       vnode_list_add(vp);
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+                       reclaimed++;
+                       mount_lock(mp);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /*
+                * If FORCECLOSE is set, forcibly close the vnode.
+                * For block or character devices, revert to an
+                * anonymous device. For all other files, just kill them.
+                */
+               if (flags & FORCECLOSE) {
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+
+                       if (vp->v_type != VBLK && vp->v_type != VCHR) {
+                               vp->v_iocount++;        /* so that drain waits * for other iocounts */
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+                               record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+                               vnode_dropiocount(vp);
+                               vnode_list_add(vp);
+                               vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       } else {
+                               vclean(vp, 0);
+                               vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_DEAD;
+                               vp->v_op = spec_vnodeop_p;
+                               vp->v_flag |= VDEVFLUSH;
+                               vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       }
+                       mount_lock(mp);
+                       continue;
+               }
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+               if (busyprt)
+                       vprint("vflush: busy vnode", vp);
+#endif
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               mount_lock(mp);
+               busy++;
+       }
+
+       /* At this point the worker queue is completed */
+       if (busy && ((flags & FORCECLOSE)==0) && reclaimed) {
+               busy = 0;
+               reclaimed = 0;
+               (void)vnode_iterate_reloadq(mp);
+               /* returned with mount lock held */
+               goto loop;
+       }
+
+       /* if new vnodes were created in between retry the reclaim */
+       if ( vnode_iterate_reloadq(mp) != 0) {
+               if (!(busy && ((flags & FORCECLOSE)==0)))
+                       goto loop;
+       }
+       vnode_iterate_clear(mp);
+       mount_unlock(mp);
+
+       if (busy && ((flags & FORCECLOSE)==0))
+               return (EBUSY);
+       return (0);
+}
+
+long num_recycledvnodes = 0;
 /*
 /*
- * Check to see if a filesystem is mounted on a block device.
+ * Disassociate the underlying file system from a vnode.
+ * The vnode lock is held on entry.
+ */
+static void
+vclean(vnode_t vp, int flags)
+{
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       int active;
+       int need_inactive;
+       int already_terminating;
+       int clflags = 0;
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+       int is_namedstream;
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * Check to see if the vnode is in use.
+        * If so we have to reference it before we clean it out
+        * so that its count cannot fall to zero and generate a
+        * race against ourselves to recycle it.
+        */
+       active = vp->v_usecount;
+
+       /*
+        * just in case we missed sending a needed
+        * VNOP_INACTIVE, we'll do it now
+        */
+       need_inactive = (vp->v_lflag & VL_NEEDINACTIVE);
+
+       vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
+
+       /*
+        * Prevent the vnode from being recycled or
+        * brought into use while we clean it out.
+        */
+       already_terminating = (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE);
+
+       vp->v_lflag |= VL_TERMINATE;
+
+       /*
+        * remove the vnode from any mount list
+        * it might be on...
+        */
+       insmntque(vp, (struct mount *)0);
+
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+       is_namedstream = vnode_isnamedstream(vp);
+#endif
+
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       OSAddAtomicLong(1, &num_recycledvnodes);
+
+       if (flags & DOCLOSE)
+               clflags |= IO_NDELAY;
+       if (flags & REVOKEALL)
+               clflags |= IO_REVOKE;
+       
+       if (active && (flags & DOCLOSE))
+               VNOP_CLOSE(vp, clflags, ctx);
+
+       /*
+        * Clean out any buffers associated with the vnode.
+        */
+       if (flags & DOCLOSE) {
+#if NFSCLIENT
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS)
+                       nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, ctx, 0);
+               else
+#endif
+               {
+                       VNOP_FSYNC(vp, MNT_WAIT, ctx);
+                       buf_invalidateblks(vp, BUF_WRITE_DATA | BUF_INVALIDATE_LOCKED, 0, 0);
+               }
+               if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
+                       /*
+                        * Clean the pages in VM.
+                        */
+                       (void)ubc_msync(vp, (off_t)0, ubc_getsize(vp), NULL, UBC_PUSHALL | UBC_INVALIDATE | UBC_SYNC);
+       }
+       if (active || need_inactive) 
+               VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, ctx);
+
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+       if ((is_namedstream != 0) && (vp->v_parent != NULLVP)) {
+               vnode_t pvp = vp->v_parent;
+           
+               /* Delete the shadow stream file before we reclaim its vnode */
+               if (vnode_isshadow(vp)) {
+                       vnode_relenamedstream(pvp, vp, ctx);
+               }
+               
+               /* 
+                * No more streams associated with the parent.  We
+                * have a ref on it, so its identity is stable.
+                * If the parent is on an opaque volume, then we need to know
+                * whether it has associated named streams.
+                */
+               if (vfs_authopaque(pvp->v_mount)) {
+                       vnode_lock_spin(pvp);
+                       pvp->v_lflag &= ~VL_HASSTREAMS;
+                       vnode_unlock(pvp);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * Destroy ubc named reference
+        * cluster_release is done on this path
+        * along with dropping the reference on the ucred
+        */
+       ubc_destroy_named(vp);
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       /*
+        * cleanup trigger info from vnode (if any)
+        */
+       if (vp->v_resolve)
+               vnode_resolver_detach(vp);
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * Reclaim the vnode.
+        */
+       if (VNOP_RECLAIM(vp, ctx))
+               panic("vclean: cannot reclaim");
+       
+       // make sure the name & parent ptrs get cleaned out!
+       vnode_update_identity(vp, NULLVP, NULL, 0, 0, VNODE_UPDATE_PARENT | VNODE_UPDATE_NAME | VNODE_UPDATE_PURGE);
+
+       vnode_lock(vp);
+
+       vp->v_mount = dead_mountp;
+       vp->v_op = dead_vnodeop_p;
+       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
+       vp->v_data = NULL;
+
+       vp->v_lflag |= VL_DEAD;
+
+       if (already_terminating == 0) {
+               vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_TERMINATE;
+               /*
+                * Done with purge, notify sleepers of the grim news.
+                */
+               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMWANT) {
+                       vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_TERMWANT;
+                       wakeup(&vp->v_lflag);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Eliminate all activity associated with  the requested vnode
+ * and with all vnodes aliased to the requested vnode.
  */
 int
  */
 int
-vfs_mountedon(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
+#else
+vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, __unused int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
+#endif
 {
        struct vnode *vq;
 {
        struct vnode *vq;
-       int error = 0;
+       int vid;
 
 
-       if (vp->v_specflags & SI_MOUNTEDON)
-               return (EBUSY);
-       if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
-               simple_lock(&spechash_slock);
-               for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
-                       if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
-                           vq->v_type != vp->v_type)
-                               continue;
-                       if (vq->v_specflags & SI_MOUNTEDON) {
-                               error = EBUSY;
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       if ((flags & REVOKEALL) == 0)
+               panic("vnop_revoke");
+#endif
+
+       if (vnode_isaliased(vp)) {
+               /*
+                * If a vgone (or vclean) is already in progress,
+                * return an immediate error
+                */
+               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE)
+                       return(ENOENT);
+
+               /*
+                * Ensure that vp will not be vgone'd while we
+                * are eliminating its aliases.
+                */
+               SPECHASH_LOCK();
+               while ((vp->v_specflags & SI_ALIASED)) {
+                       for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
+                               if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
+                                   vq->v_type != vp->v_type || vp == vq)
+                                       continue;
+                               vid = vq->v_id;
+                               SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+                               if (vnode_getwithvid(vq,vid)){
+                                       SPECHASH_LOCK();        
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vq, 0, 1, 0);
+                               vnode_put(vq);
+                               SPECHASH_LOCK();
                                break;
                        }
                }
                                break;
                        }
                }
-               simple_unlock(&spechash_slock);
+               SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
        }
        }
-       return (error);
+       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 0, 0, REVOKEALL);
+
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Recycle an unused vnode to the front of the free list.
+ * Release the passed interlock if the vnode will be recycled.
+ */
+int
+vnode_recycle(struct vnode *vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+       if (vp->v_iocount || vp->v_usecount) {
+               vp->v_lflag |= VL_MARKTERM;
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               return(0);
+       } 
+       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0, 0);
+
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return (1);
+}
+
+static int
+vnode_reload(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+       if ((vp->v_iocount > 1) || vp->v_usecount) {
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               return(0);
+       } 
+       if (vp->v_iocount <= 0)
+               panic("vnode_reload with no iocount %d", vp->v_iocount);
+
+       /* mark for release when iocount is dopped */
+       vp->v_lflag |= VL_MARKTERM;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return (1);
+}
+
+
+static void
+vgone(vnode_t vp, int flags)
+{
+       struct vnode *vq;
+       struct vnode *vx;
+
+       /*
+        * Clean out the filesystem specific data.
+        * vclean also takes care of removing the
+        * vnode from any mount list it might be on
+        */
+       vclean(vp, flags | DOCLOSE);
+
+       /*
+        * If special device, remove it from special device alias list
+        * if it is on one.
+        */
+       if ((vp->v_type == VBLK || vp->v_type == VCHR) && vp->v_specinfo != 0) {
+                       SPECHASH_LOCK();
+                       if (*vp->v_hashchain == vp) {
+                               *vp->v_hashchain = vp->v_specnext;
+                       } else {
+                               for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
+                                       if (vq->v_specnext != vp)
+                                               continue;
+                                       vq->v_specnext = vp->v_specnext;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       if (vq == NULL)
+                               panic("missing bdev");
+                       }
+                       if (vp->v_specflags & SI_ALIASED) {
+                               vx = NULL;
+                               for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
+                                       if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
+                                       vq->v_type != vp->v_type)
+                                               continue;
+                                       if (vx)
+                                               break;
+                                       vx = vq;
+                               }
+                               if (vx == NULL)
+                                       panic("missing alias");
+                               if (vq == NULL)
+                                       vx->v_specflags &= ~SI_ALIASED;
+                               vp->v_specflags &= ~SI_ALIASED;
+                       }
+                       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+                       {
+                       struct specinfo *tmp = vp->v_specinfo;
+                       vp->v_specinfo = NULL;
+                       FREE_ZONE((void *)tmp, sizeof(struct specinfo), M_SPECINFO);
+                       }
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Lookup a vnode by device number.
+ */
+int
+check_mountedon(dev_t dev, enum vtype type, int  *errorp)
+{
+       vnode_t vp;
+       int rc = 0;
+       int vid;
+
+loop:
+       SPECHASH_LOCK();
+       for (vp = speclisth[SPECHASH(dev)]; vp; vp = vp->v_specnext) {
+               if (dev != vp->v_rdev || type != vp->v_type)
+                       continue;
+               vid = vp->v_id;
+               SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+               if (vnode_getwithvid(vp,vid))
+                       goto loop;
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+               if ((vp->v_usecount > 0) || (vp->v_iocount > 1)) {
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       if ((*errorp = vfs_mountedon(vp)) != 0)
+                               rc = 1;
+               } else
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+               vnode_put(vp);
+               return(rc);
+       }
+       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate the total number of references to a special device.
+ */
+int
+vcount(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_t vq, vnext;
+       int count;
+       int vid;
+
+loop:
+       if (!vnode_isaliased(vp))
+               return (vp->v_specinfo->si_opencount);
+       count = 0;
+
+       SPECHASH_LOCK();
+       /*
+        * Grab first vnode and its vid.
+        */
+       vq = *vp->v_hashchain;
+       vid = vq ? vq->v_id : 0;
+
+       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+
+       while (vq) {
+               /*
+                * Attempt to get the vnode outside the SPECHASH lock.
+                */
+               if (vnode_getwithvid(vq, vid)) {
+                       goto loop;
+               }
+               vnode_lock(vq);
+
+               if (vq->v_rdev == vp->v_rdev && vq->v_type == vp->v_type) {
+                       if ((vq->v_usecount == 0) && (vq->v_iocount == 1)  && vq != vp) {
+                               /*
+                                * Alias, but not in use, so flush it out.
+                                */
+                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vq, 1, 1, 0);
+                               vnode_put_locked(vq);
+                               vnode_unlock(vq);
+                               goto loop;
+                       }
+                       count += vq->v_specinfo->si_opencount;
+               }
+               vnode_unlock(vq);
+
+               SPECHASH_LOCK();
+               /*
+                * must do this with the reference still held on 'vq'
+                * so that it can't be destroyed while we're poking
+                * through v_specnext
+                */
+               vnext = vq->v_specnext;
+               vid = vnext ? vnext->v_id : 0;
+
+               SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+
+               vnode_put(vq);
+
+               vq = vnext;
+       }
+
+       return (count);
+}
+
+int    prtactive = 0;          /* 1 => print out reclaim of active vnodes */
+
+/*
+ * Print out a description of a vnode.
+ */
+static const char *typename[] =
+   { "VNON", "VREG", "VDIR", "VBLK", "VCHR", "VLNK", "VSOCK", "VFIFO", "VBAD" };
+
+void
+vprint(const char *label, struct vnode *vp)
+{
+       char sbuf[64];
+
+       if (label != NULL)
+               printf("%s: ", label);
+       printf("type %s, usecount %d, writecount %d",
+              typename[vp->v_type], vp->v_usecount, vp->v_writecount);
+       sbuf[0] = '\0';
+       if (vp->v_flag & VROOT)
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VROOT", sizeof(sbuf));
+       if (vp->v_flag & VTEXT)
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VTEXT", sizeof(sbuf));
+       if (vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VSYSTEM", sizeof(sbuf));
+       if (vp->v_flag & VNOFLUSH)
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VNOFLUSH", sizeof(sbuf));
+       if (vp->v_flag & VBWAIT)
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VBWAIT", sizeof(sbuf));
+       if (vnode_isaliased(vp))
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VALIASED", sizeof(sbuf));
+       if (sbuf[0] != '\0')
+               printf(" flags (%s)", &sbuf[1]);
+}
+
+
+int
+vn_getpath(struct vnode *vp, char *pathbuf, int *len)
+{
+       return build_path(vp, pathbuf, *len, len, BUILDPATH_NO_FS_ENTER, vfs_context_current());
+}
+
+int
+vn_getpath_fsenter(struct vnode *vp, char *pathbuf, int *len)
+{
+       return build_path(vp, pathbuf, *len, len, 0, vfs_context_current());
+}
+
+int
+vn_getcdhash(struct vnode *vp, off_t offset, unsigned char *cdhash)
+{
+       return ubc_cs_getcdhash(vp, offset, cdhash);
+}
+
+
+static char *extension_table=NULL;
+static int   nexts;
+static int   max_ext_width;
+
+static int
+extension_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+    return (strlen((const char *)a) - strlen((const char *)b));
+}
+
+
+//
+// This is the api LaunchServices uses to inform the kernel
+// the list of package extensions to ignore.
+//
+// Internally we keep the list sorted by the length of the
+// the extension (from longest to shortest).  We sort the
+// list of extensions so that we can speed up our searches
+// when comparing file names -- we only compare extensions
+// that could possibly fit into the file name, not all of
+// them (i.e. a short 8 character name can't have an 8
+// character extension).
+//
+extern lck_mtx_t *pkg_extensions_lck;
+
+__private_extern__ int
+set_package_extensions_table(user_addr_t data, int nentries, int maxwidth)
+{
+    char *new_exts, *old_exts;
+    int error;
+    
+    if (nentries <= 0 || nentries > 1024 || maxwidth <= 0 || maxwidth > 255) {
+       return EINVAL;
+    }
+
+
+    // allocate one byte extra so we can guarantee null termination
+    MALLOC(new_exts, char *, (nentries * maxwidth) + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+    if (new_exts == NULL) {
+       return ENOMEM;
+    }
+    
+    error = copyin(data, new_exts, nentries * maxwidth);
+    if (error) {
+       FREE(new_exts, M_TEMP);
+       return error;
+    }
+
+    new_exts[(nentries * maxwidth)] = '\0';   // guarantee null termination of the block
+
+    qsort(new_exts, nentries, maxwidth, extension_cmp);
+
+    lck_mtx_lock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
+    old_exts        = extension_table;
+    extension_table = new_exts;
+    nexts           = nentries;
+    max_ext_width   = maxwidth;
+
+    lck_mtx_unlock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
+    if (old_exts) {
+       FREE(old_exts, M_TEMP);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+__private_extern__ int
+is_package_name(const char *name, int len)
+{
+    int i, extlen;
+    const char *ptr, *name_ext;
+    
+    if (len <= 3) {
+       return 0;
+    }
+
+    name_ext = NULL;
+    for(ptr=name; *ptr != '\0'; ptr++) {
+       if (*ptr == '.') {
+           name_ext = ptr;
+       }
+    }
+
+    // if there is no "." extension, it can't match
+    if (name_ext == NULL) {
+       return 0;
+    }
+
+    // advance over the "."
+    name_ext++;
+
+    lck_mtx_lock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
+    // now iterate over all the extensions to see if any match
+    ptr = &extension_table[0];
+    for(i=0; i < nexts; i++, ptr+=max_ext_width) {
+       extlen = strlen(ptr);
+       if (strncasecmp(name_ext, ptr, extlen) == 0 && name_ext[extlen] == '\0') {
+           // aha, a match!
+           lck_mtx_unlock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+           return 1;
+       }
+    }
+
+    lck_mtx_unlock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
+    // if we get here, no extension matched
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int
+vn_path_package_check(__unused vnode_t vp, char *path, int pathlen, int *component)
+{
+    char *ptr, *end;
+    int comp=0;
+    
+    *component = -1;
+    if (*path != '/') {
+       return EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    end = path + 1;
+    while(end < path + pathlen && *end != '\0') {
+       while(end < path + pathlen && *end == '/' && *end != '\0') {
+           end++;
+       }
+
+       ptr = end;
+
+       while(end < path + pathlen && *end != '/' && *end != '\0') {
+           end++;
+       }
+
+       if (end > path + pathlen) {
+           // hmm, string wasn't null terminated 
+           return EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       *end = '\0';
+       if (is_package_name(ptr, end - ptr)) {
+           *component = comp;
+           break;
+       }
+
+       end++;
+       comp++;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Determine if a name is inappropriate for a searchfs query.
+ * This list consists of /System currently.
+ */
+
+int vn_searchfs_inappropriate_name(const char *name, int len) {
+       const char *bad_names[] = { "System" };
+       int   bad_len[]   = { 6 };
+       int  i;
+
+       for(i=0; i < (int) (sizeof(bad_names) / sizeof(bad_names[0])); i++) {
+               if (len == bad_len[i] && strncmp(name, bad_names[i], strlen(bad_names[i]) + 1) == 0) {
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       // if we get here, no name matched
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Top level filesystem related information gathering.
+ */
+extern unsigned int vfs_nummntops;
+
+int
+vfs_sysctl(int *name, u_int namelen, user_addr_t oldp, size_t *oldlenp, 
+           user_addr_t newp, size_t newlen, proc_t p)
+{
+       struct vfstable *vfsp;
+       int *username;
+       u_int usernamelen;
+       int error;
+       struct vfsconf vfsc;
+
+       /* All non VFS_GENERIC and in VFS_GENERIC, 
+        * VFS_MAXTYPENUM, VFS_CONF, VFS_SET_PACKAGE_EXTS
+        * needs to have root priv to have modifiers. 
+        * For rest the userland_sysctl(CTLFLAG_ANYBODY) would cover.
+        */
+       if ((newp != USER_ADDR_NULL) && ((name[0] != VFS_GENERIC) || 
+                       ((name[1] == VFS_MAXTYPENUM) ||
+                        (name[1] == VFS_CONF) ||
+                        (name[1] == VFS_SET_PACKAGE_EXTS)))
+            && (error = suser(kauth_cred_get(), &p->p_acflag))) {
+                       return(error);
+       }
+       /*
+        * The VFS_NUMMNTOPS shouldn't be at name[0] since
+        * is a VFS generic variable. So now we must check
+        * namelen so we don't end up covering any UFS
+        * variables (sinc UFS vfc_typenum is 1).
+        *
+        * It should have been:
+        *    name[0]:  VFS_GENERIC
+        *    name[1]:  VFS_NUMMNTOPS
+        */
+       if (namelen == 1 && name[0] == VFS_NUMMNTOPS) {
+               return (sysctl_rdint(oldp, oldlenp, newp, vfs_nummntops));
+       }
+
+       /* all sysctl names at this level are at least name and field */
+       if (namelen < 2)
+               return (EISDIR);                /* overloaded */
+       if (name[0] != VFS_GENERIC) {
+
+               mount_list_lock();
+               for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next) 
+                       if (vfsp->vfc_typenum == name[0]) {
+                               vfsp->vfc_refcount++;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               mount_list_unlock();
+
+               if (vfsp == NULL)
+                       return (ENOTSUP);
+
+               /* XXX current context proxy for proc p? */
+               error = ((*vfsp->vfc_vfsops->vfs_sysctl)(&name[1], namelen - 1,
+                           oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen,
+                           vfs_context_current()));
+
+               mount_list_lock();
+               vfsp->vfc_refcount--;
+               mount_list_unlock();
+               return error;
+       }
+       switch (name[1]) {
+       case VFS_MAXTYPENUM:
+               return (sysctl_rdint(oldp, oldlenp, newp, maxvfsconf));
+       case VFS_CONF:
+               if (namelen < 3)
+                       return (ENOTDIR);       /* overloaded */
+
+               mount_list_lock();
+               for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
+                       if (vfsp->vfc_typenum == name[2])
+                               break;
+
+               if (vfsp == NULL) {
+                       mount_list_unlock();
+                       return (ENOTSUP);
+               }
+
+               vfsc.vfc_reserved1 = 0;
+               bcopy(vfsp->vfc_name, vfsc.vfc_name, sizeof(vfsc.vfc_name));
+               vfsc.vfc_typenum = vfsp->vfc_typenum;
+               vfsc.vfc_refcount = vfsp->vfc_refcount;
+               vfsc.vfc_flags = vfsp->vfc_flags;
+               vfsc.vfc_reserved2 = 0;
+               vfsc.vfc_reserved3 = 0;
+
+               mount_list_unlock();
+               return (sysctl_rdstruct(oldp, oldlenp, newp, &vfsc,
+                                       sizeof(struct vfsconf)));
+               
+       case VFS_SET_PACKAGE_EXTS:
+               return set_package_extensions_table((user_addr_t)((unsigned)name[1]), name[2], name[3]);
+       }
+       /*
+        * We need to get back into the general MIB, so we need to re-prepend
+        * CTL_VFS to our name and try userland_sysctl().
+        */
+       usernamelen = namelen + 1;
+       MALLOC(username, int *, usernamelen * sizeof(*username),
+           M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       bcopy(name, username + 1, namelen * sizeof(*name));
+       username[0] = CTL_VFS;
+       error = userland_sysctl(p, username, usernamelen, oldp, 
+                               oldlenp, newp, newlen, oldlenp);
+       FREE(username, M_TEMP);
+       return (error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Dump vnode list (via sysctl) - defunct
+ * use "pstat" instead
+ */
+/* ARGSUSED */
+int
+sysctl_vnode
+(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp, __unused void *arg1, __unused int arg2, __unused struct sysctl_req *req)
+{
+       return(EINVAL);
+}
+
+SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_VNODE, vnode,
+               CTLTYPE_STRUCT | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MASKED | CTLFLAG_LOCKED,
+               0, 0, sysctl_vnode, "S,", "");
+
+
+/*
+ * Check to see if a filesystem is mounted on a block device.
+ */
+int
+vfs_mountedon(struct vnode *vp)
+{
+       struct vnode *vq;
+       int error = 0;
+
+       SPECHASH_LOCK();
+       if (vp->v_specflags & SI_MOUNTEDON) {
+               error = EBUSY;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       if (vp->v_specflags & SI_ALIASED) {
+               for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
+                       if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
+                           vq->v_type != vp->v_type)
+                               continue;
+                       if (vq->v_specflags & SI_MOUNTEDON) {
+                               error = EBUSY;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+out:
+       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+       return (error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Unmount all filesystems. The list is traversed in reverse order
+ * of mounting to avoid dependencies.
+ */
+__private_extern__ void
+vfs_unmountall(void)
+{
+       struct mount *mp;
+       int error;
+
+       /*
+        * Since this only runs when rebooting, it is not interlocked.
+        */
+       mount_list_lock();
+       while(!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mountlist)) {
+               mp = TAILQ_LAST(&mountlist, mntlist);
+               mount_list_unlock();
+               error = dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, 0, vfs_context_current());
+               if ((error != 0) && (error != EBUSY)) {
+                       printf("unmount of %s failed (", mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname);
+                       printf("%d)\n", error);
+                       mount_list_lock();
+                       TAILQ_REMOVE(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);
+                       continue;
+               } else if (error == EBUSY) {
+                       /* If EBUSY is returned,  the unmount was already in progress */
+                       printf("unmount of %p failed (", mp);
+                       printf("BUSY)\n");      
+               } 
+               mount_list_lock();
+       }
+       mount_list_unlock();
+}
+
+
+/*  
+ * This routine is called from vnode_pager_deallocate out of the VM
+ * The path to vnode_pager_deallocate can only be initiated by ubc_destroy_named
+ * on a vnode that has a UBCINFO
+ */
+__private_extern__ void
+vnode_pager_vrele(vnode_t vp)
+{
+        struct ubc_info *uip;
+
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+       vp->v_lflag &= ~VNAMED_UBC;
+
+       uip = vp->v_ubcinfo;
+       vp->v_ubcinfo = UBC_INFO_NULL;
+
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       ubc_info_deallocate(uip);
+}
+
+
+#include <sys/disk.h>
+
+u_int32_t rootunit = (u_int32_t)-1;
+
+errno_t
+vfs_init_io_attributes(vnode_t devvp, mount_t mp)
+{
+       int     error;
+       off_t   readblockcnt = 0;
+       off_t   writeblockcnt = 0;
+       off_t   readmaxcnt = 0;
+       off_t   writemaxcnt = 0;
+       off_t   readsegcnt = 0;
+       off_t   writesegcnt = 0;
+       off_t   readsegsize = 0;
+       off_t   writesegsize = 0;
+       off_t   alignment = 0;
+       off_t   ioqueue_depth = 0;
+       u_int32_t blksize;
+       u_int64_t temp;
+       u_int32_t features;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       int isssd = 0;
+       int isvirtual = 0;
+
+
+       VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETTHROTTLEMASK, (caddr_t)&mp->mnt_throttle_mask, 0, NULL);
+       /*
+        * as a reasonable approximation, only use the lowest bit of the mask
+        * to generate a disk unit number
+        */
+       mp->mnt_devbsdunit = num_trailing_0(mp->mnt_throttle_mask);
+
+       if (devvp == rootvp)
+               rootunit = mp->mnt_devbsdunit;
+
+       if (mp->mnt_devbsdunit == rootunit) {
+               /*
+                * this mount point exists on the same device as the root
+                * partition, so it comes under the hard throttle control...
+                * this is true even for the root mount point itself
+                */
+               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_ROOTDEV;
+       }
+       /*
+        * force the spec device to re-cache
+        * the underlying block size in case
+        * the filesystem overrode the initial value
+        */
+       set_fsblocksize(devvp);
+
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE,
+                               (caddr_t)&blksize, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       mp->mnt_devblocksize = blksize;
+
+       /*
+        * set the maximum possible I/O size
+        * this may get clipped to a smaller value
+        * based on which constraints are being advertised
+        * and if those advertised constraints result in a smaller
+        * limit for a given I/O
+        */
+       mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = MAX_UPL_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE;
+       mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = MAX_UPL_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE;
+
+       if (VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCISVIRTUAL, (caddr_t)&isvirtual, 0, ctx) == 0) {
+               if (isvirtual)
+                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_VIRTUALDEV;
+       }
+       if (VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCISSOLIDSTATE, (caddr_t)&isssd, 0, ctx) == 0) {
+               if (isssd)
+                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_SSD;
+       }
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETFEATURES,
+                               (caddr_t)&features, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBLOCKCOUNTREAD,
+                               (caddr_t)&readblockcnt, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBLOCKCOUNTWRITE,
+                               (caddr_t)&writeblockcnt, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBYTECOUNTREAD,
+                               (caddr_t)&readmaxcnt, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBYTECOUNTWRITE,
+                               (caddr_t)&writemaxcnt, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTCOUNTREAD,
+                               (caddr_t)&readsegcnt, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTCOUNTWRITE,
+                               (caddr_t)&writesegcnt, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTBYTECOUNTREAD,
+                               (caddr_t)&readsegsize, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTBYTECOUNTWRITE,
+                               (caddr_t)&writesegsize, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMINSEGMENTALIGNMENTBYTECOUNT,
+                               (caddr_t)&alignment, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETCOMMANDPOOLSIZE,
+                               (caddr_t)&ioqueue_depth, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if (readmaxcnt)
+               mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = (readmaxcnt > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : readmaxcnt;
+
+       if (readblockcnt) {
+               temp = readblockcnt * blksize;
+               temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : temp;
+
+               if (temp < mp->mnt_maxreadcnt)
+                       mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
+       }
+
+       if (writemaxcnt)
+               mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = (writemaxcnt > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : writemaxcnt;
+
+       if (writeblockcnt) {
+               temp = writeblockcnt * blksize;
+               temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : temp;
+
+               if (temp < mp->mnt_maxwritecnt)
+                       mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
+       }
+
+       if (readsegcnt) {
+               temp = (readsegcnt > UINT16_MAX) ? UINT16_MAX : readsegcnt;
+       } else {
+               temp = mp->mnt_maxreadcnt / PAGE_SIZE;
+
+               if (temp > UINT16_MAX)
+                       temp = UINT16_MAX;
+       }
+       mp->mnt_segreadcnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+
+       if (writesegcnt) {
+               temp = (writesegcnt > UINT16_MAX) ? UINT16_MAX : writesegcnt;
+       } else {
+               temp = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt / PAGE_SIZE;
+
+               if (temp > UINT16_MAX)
+                       temp = UINT16_MAX;
+       }
+       mp->mnt_segwritecnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+
+       if (readsegsize)
+               temp = (readsegsize > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : readsegsize;
+       else
+               temp = mp->mnt_maxreadcnt;
+       mp->mnt_maxsegreadsize = (u_int32_t)temp;
+
+       if (writesegsize)
+               temp = (writesegsize > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : writesegsize;
+       else
+               temp = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt;
+       mp->mnt_maxsegwritesize = (u_int32_t)temp;
+
+       if (alignment)
+               temp = (alignment > PAGE_SIZE) ? PAGE_MASK : alignment - 1;
+       else
+               temp = 0;
+       mp->mnt_alignmentmask = temp;
+
+
+       if (ioqueue_depth > MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH)
+               temp = ioqueue_depth;
+       else
+               temp = MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH;
+
+       mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth = temp;
+       mp->mnt_ioscale = (mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth + (MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH - 1)) / MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH;
+
+       if (mp->mnt_ioscale > 1)
+               printf("ioqueue_depth = %d,   ioscale = %d\n", (int)mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth, (int)mp->mnt_ioscale);
+
+       if (features & DK_FEATURE_FORCE_UNIT_ACCESS)
+               mp->mnt_ioflags |= MNT_IOFLAGS_FUA_SUPPORTED;
+       if (features & DK_FEATURE_UNMAP)
+               mp->mnt_ioflags |= MNT_IOFLAGS_UNMAP_SUPPORTED;
+       return (error);
+}
+
+static struct klist fs_klist;
+lck_grp_t *fs_klist_lck_grp;
+lck_mtx_t *fs_klist_lock;
+
+void
+vfs_event_init(void)
+{
+
+       klist_init(&fs_klist);
+       fs_klist_lck_grp = lck_grp_alloc_init("fs_klist", NULL);
+       fs_klist_lock = lck_mtx_alloc_init(fs_klist_lck_grp, NULL);
+}
+
+void
+vfs_event_signal(__unused fsid_t *fsid, u_int32_t event, __unused intptr_t data)
+{
+       lck_mtx_lock(fs_klist_lock);
+       KNOTE(&fs_klist, event);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(fs_klist_lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * return the number of mounted filesystems.
+ */
+static int
+sysctl_vfs_getvfscnt(void)
+{
+       return(mount_getvfscnt());
+}
+
+
+static int
+mount_getvfscnt(void)
+{
+       int ret;
+
+       mount_list_lock();
+       ret = nummounts;
+       mount_list_unlock();
+       return (ret);
+
+}
+
+
+
+static int
+mount_fillfsids(fsid_t *fsidlst, int count)
+{
+       struct mount *mp;
+       int actual=0;
+
+       actual = 0;
+       mount_list_lock();
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
+               if (actual <= count) {
+                       fsidlst[actual] = mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid;
+                       actual++;
+               }
+       }
+       mount_list_unlock();
+       return (actual);
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * fill in the array of fsid_t's up to a max of 'count', the actual
+ * number filled in will be set in '*actual'.  If there are more fsid_t's
+ * than room in fsidlst then ENOMEM will be returned and '*actual' will
+ * have the actual count.
+ * having *actual filled out even in the error case is depended upon.
+ */
+static int
+sysctl_vfs_getvfslist(fsid_t *fsidlst, int count, int *actual)
+{
+       struct mount *mp;
+
+       *actual = 0;
+       mount_list_lock();
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
+               (*actual)++;
+               if (*actual <= count)
+                       fsidlst[(*actual) - 1] = mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid;
+       }
+       mount_list_unlock();
+       return (*actual <= count ? 0 : ENOMEM);
+}
+
+static int
+sysctl_vfs_vfslist(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp, __unused void *arg1,
+               __unused int arg2, struct sysctl_req *req)
+{
+       int actual, error;
+       size_t space;
+       fsid_t *fsidlst;
+
+       /* This is a readonly node. */
+       if (req->newptr != USER_ADDR_NULL)
+               return (EPERM);
+
+       /* they are querying us so just return the space required. */
+       if (req->oldptr == USER_ADDR_NULL) {
+               req->oldidx = sysctl_vfs_getvfscnt() * sizeof(fsid_t);
+               return 0;
+       }
+again:
+       /*
+        * Retrieve an accurate count of the amount of space required to copy
+        * out all the fsids in the system.
+        */
+       space = req->oldlen;
+       req->oldlen = sysctl_vfs_getvfscnt() * sizeof(fsid_t);
+
+       /* they didn't give us enough space. */
+       if (space < req->oldlen)
+               return (ENOMEM);
+
+       MALLOC(fsidlst, fsid_t *, req->oldlen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       if (fsidlst == NULL) {
+               return (ENOMEM);
+       }
+
+       error = sysctl_vfs_getvfslist(fsidlst, req->oldlen / sizeof(fsid_t),
+           &actual);
+       /*
+        * If we get back ENOMEM, then another mount has been added while we
+        * slept in malloc above.  If this is the case then try again.
+        */
+       if (error == ENOMEM) {
+               FREE(fsidlst, M_TEMP);
+               req->oldlen = space;
+               goto again;
+       }
+       if (error == 0) {
+               error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, fsidlst, actual * sizeof(fsid_t));
+       }
+       FREE(fsidlst, M_TEMP);
+       return (error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Do a sysctl by fsid.
+ */
+static int
+sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp, void *arg1, int arg2,
+               struct sysctl_req *req)
+{
+       union union_vfsidctl vc;
+       struct mount *mp;
+       struct vfsstatfs *sp;
+       int *name, flags, namelen;
+       int error=0, gotref=0;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       proc_t p = req->p;      /* XXX req->p != current_proc()? */
+       boolean_t is_64_bit;
+
+       name = arg1;
+       namelen = arg2;
+       is_64_bit = proc_is64bit(p);
+
+       error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &vc, is_64_bit? sizeof(vc.vc64):sizeof(vc.vc32));
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+       if (vc.vc32.vc_vers != VFS_CTL_VERS1) { /* works for 32 and 64 */
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       mp = mount_list_lookupby_fsid(&vc.vc32.vc_fsid, 0, 1); /* works for 32 and 64 */
+       if (mp == NULL) {
+               error = ENOENT;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       gotref = 1;
+       /* reset so that the fs specific code can fetch it. */
+       req->newidx = 0;
+       /*
+        * Note if this is a VFS_CTL then we pass the actual sysctl req
+        * in for "oldp" so that the lower layer can DTRT and use the
+        * SYSCTL_IN/OUT routines.
+        */
+       if (mp->mnt_op->vfs_sysctl != NULL) {
+               if (is_64_bit) {
+                       if (vfs_64bitready(mp)) {
+                               error = mp->mnt_op->vfs_sysctl(name, namelen,
+                                   CAST_USER_ADDR_T(req),
+                                   NULL, USER_ADDR_NULL, 0, 
+                                   ctx);
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               error = ENOTSUP;
+                       }
+               }
+               else {
+                       error = mp->mnt_op->vfs_sysctl(name, namelen,
+                           CAST_USER_ADDR_T(req),
+                           NULL, USER_ADDR_NULL, 0, 
+                           ctx);
+               }
+               if (error != ENOTSUP) {
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+       switch (name[0]) {
+       case VFS_CTL_UMOUNT:
+               req->newidx = 0;
+               if (is_64_bit) {
+                       req->newptr = vc.vc64.vc_ptr;
+                       req->newlen = (size_t)vc.vc64.vc_len;
+               }
+               else {
+                       req->newptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vc.vc32.vc_ptr);
+                       req->newlen = vc.vc32.vc_len;
+               }
+               error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &flags, sizeof(flags));
+               if (error)
+                       break;
+
+               mount_ref(mp, 0);
+               mount_iterdrop(mp);
+               gotref = 0;
+               /* safedounmount consumes a ref */
+               error = safedounmount(mp, flags, ctx);
+               break;
+       case VFS_CTL_STATFS:
+               req->newidx = 0;
+               if (is_64_bit) {
+                       req->newptr = vc.vc64.vc_ptr;
+                       req->newlen = (size_t)vc.vc64.vc_len;
+               }
+               else {
+                       req->newptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vc.vc32.vc_ptr);
+                       req->newlen = vc.vc32.vc_len;
+               }
+               error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &flags, sizeof(flags));
+               if (error)
+                       break;
+               sp = &mp->mnt_vfsstat;
+               if (((flags & MNT_NOWAIT) == 0 || (flags & (MNT_WAIT | MNT_DWAIT))) &&
+                   (error = vfs_update_vfsstat(mp, ctx, VFS_USER_EVENT)))
+                       goto out;
+               if (is_64_bit) {
+                       struct user64_statfs sfs;
+                       bzero(&sfs, sizeof(sfs));
+                       sfs.f_flags = mp->mnt_flag & MNT_VISFLAGMASK;
+                       sfs.f_type = mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_typenum;
+                       sfs.f_bsize = (user64_long_t)sp->f_bsize;
+                       sfs.f_iosize = (user64_long_t)sp->f_iosize;
+                       sfs.f_blocks = (user64_long_t)sp->f_blocks;
+                       sfs.f_bfree = (user64_long_t)sp->f_bfree;
+                       sfs.f_bavail = (user64_long_t)sp->f_bavail;
+                       sfs.f_files = (user64_long_t)sp->f_files;
+                       sfs.f_ffree = (user64_long_t)sp->f_ffree;
+                       sfs.f_fsid = sp->f_fsid;
+                       sfs.f_owner = sp->f_owner;
+    
+                       if (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_TYPENAME_OVERRIDE) {
+                               strlcpy(&sfs.f_fstypename[0], &mp->fstypename_override[0], MFSTYPENAMELEN);
+                       } else {
+                               strlcpy(sfs.f_fstypename, sp->f_fstypename, MFSNAMELEN);
+                       }
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntonname, sp->f_mntonname, MNAMELEN);
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntfromname, sp->f_mntfromname, MNAMELEN);
+            
+                       error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &sfs, sizeof(sfs));
+               }
+               else {
+                       struct user32_statfs sfs;
+                       bzero(&sfs, sizeof(sfs));
+                       sfs.f_flags = mp->mnt_flag & MNT_VISFLAGMASK;
+                       sfs.f_type = mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_typenum;
+
+                       /*
+                        * It's possible for there to be more than 2^^31 blocks in the filesystem, so we
+                        * have to fudge the numbers here in that case.   We inflate the blocksize in order
+                        * to reflect the filesystem size as best we can.
+                        */
+                       if (sp->f_blocks > INT_MAX) {
+                               int             shift;
+
+                               /*
+                                * Work out how far we have to shift the block count down to make it fit.
+                                * Note that it's possible to have to shift so far that the resulting
+                                * blocksize would be unreportably large.  At that point, we will clip
+                                * any values that don't fit.
+                                *
+                                * For safety's sake, we also ensure that f_iosize is never reported as
+                                * being smaller than f_bsize.
+                                */
+                               for (shift = 0; shift < 32; shift++) {
+                                       if ((sp->f_blocks >> shift) <= INT_MAX)
+                                               break;
+                                       if ((((long long)sp->f_bsize) << (shift + 1)) > INT_MAX)
+                                               break;
+                               }
+#define __SHIFT_OR_CLIP(x, s)  ((((x) >> (s)) > INT_MAX) ? INT_MAX : ((x) >> (s)))
+                               sfs.f_blocks = (user32_long_t)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_blocks, shift);
+                               sfs.f_bfree = (user32_long_t)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_bfree, shift);
+                               sfs.f_bavail = (user32_long_t)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_bavail, shift);
+#undef __SHIFT_OR_CLIP
+                               sfs.f_bsize = (user32_long_t)(sp->f_bsize << shift);
+                               sfs.f_iosize = lmax(sp->f_iosize, sp->f_bsize);
+                       } else {
+                               sfs.f_bsize = (user32_long_t)sp->f_bsize;
+                               sfs.f_iosize = (user32_long_t)sp->f_iosize;
+                               sfs.f_blocks = (user32_long_t)sp->f_blocks;
+                               sfs.f_bfree = (user32_long_t)sp->f_bfree;
+                               sfs.f_bavail = (user32_long_t)sp->f_bavail;
+                       }
+                       sfs.f_files = (user32_long_t)sp->f_files;
+                       sfs.f_ffree = (user32_long_t)sp->f_ffree;
+                       sfs.f_fsid = sp->f_fsid;
+                       sfs.f_owner = sp->f_owner;
+    
+                       if (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_TYPENAME_OVERRIDE) {
+                               strlcpy(&sfs.f_fstypename[0], &mp->fstypename_override[0], MFSTYPENAMELEN);
+                       } else {
+                               strlcpy(sfs.f_fstypename, sp->f_fstypename, MFSNAMELEN);
+                       }
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntonname, sp->f_mntonname, MNAMELEN);
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntfromname, sp->f_mntfromname, MNAMELEN);
+            
+                       error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &sfs, sizeof(sfs));
+               }
+               break;
+       default:
+               error = ENOTSUP;
+               goto out;
+       }
+out:
+       if(gotref != 0)
+               mount_iterdrop(mp);
+       return (error);
+}
+
+static int     filt_fsattach(struct knote *kn);
+static void    filt_fsdetach(struct knote *kn);
+static int     filt_fsevent(struct knote *kn, long hint);
+struct filterops fs_filtops = {
+        .f_attach = filt_fsattach,
+        .f_detach = filt_fsdetach,
+        .f_event = filt_fsevent,
+};
+
+static int
+filt_fsattach(struct knote *kn)
+{
+
+       lck_mtx_lock(fs_klist_lock);
+       kn->kn_flags |= EV_CLEAR;
+       KNOTE_ATTACH(&fs_klist, kn);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(fs_klist_lock);
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+filt_fsdetach(struct knote *kn)
+{
+       lck_mtx_lock(fs_klist_lock);
+       KNOTE_DETACH(&fs_klist, kn);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(fs_klist_lock);
+}
+
+static int
+filt_fsevent(struct knote *kn, long hint)
+{
+       /*
+        * Backwards compatibility:
+        * Other filters would do nothing if kn->kn_sfflags == 0
+        */
+
+       if ((kn->kn_sfflags == 0) || (kn->kn_sfflags & hint)) {
+               kn->kn_fflags |= hint;
+       }
+
+       return (kn->kn_fflags != 0);
+}
+
+static int
+sysctl_vfs_noremotehang(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp,
+               __unused void *arg1, __unused int arg2, struct sysctl_req *req)
+{
+       int out, error;
+       pid_t pid;
+       proc_t p;
+
+       /* We need a pid. */
+       if (req->newptr == USER_ADDR_NULL)
+               return (EINVAL);
+
+       error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &pid, sizeof(pid));
+       if (error)
+               return (error);
+
+       p = proc_find(pid < 0 ? -pid : pid);
+       if (p == NULL)
+               return (ESRCH);
+
+       /*
+        * Fetching the value is ok, but we only fetch if the old
+        * pointer is given.
+        */
+       if (req->oldptr != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
+               out = !((p->p_flag & P_NOREMOTEHANG) == 0);
+               proc_rele(p);
+               error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &out, sizeof(out));
+               return (error);
+       }
+
+       /* cansignal offers us enough security. */
+       if (p != req->p && proc_suser(req->p) != 0) {
+               proc_rele(p);
+               return (EPERM);
+       }
+
+       if (pid < 0)
+               OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_NOREMOTEHANG), &p->p_flag);
+       else
+               OSBitOrAtomic(P_NOREMOTEHANG, &p->p_flag);
+       proc_rele(p);
+
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/* the vfs.generic. branch. */
+SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs, VFS_GENERIC, generic, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_LOCKED, NULL, "vfs generic hinge");
+/* retreive a list of mounted filesystem fsid_t */
+SYSCTL_PROC(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, vfsidlist, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_LOCKED,
+    NULL, 0, sysctl_vfs_vfslist, "S,fsid", "List of mounted filesystem ids");
+/* perform operations on filesystem via fsid_t */
+SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, ctlbyfsid, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_LOCKED,
+    sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid, "ctlbyfsid");
+SYSCTL_PROC(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, noremotehang, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_ANYBODY,
+    NULL, 0, sysctl_vfs_noremotehang, "I", "noremotehang");
+       
+       
+long num_reusedvnodes = 0;
+
+static int
+new_vnode(vnode_t *vpp)
+{
+       vnode_t vp;
+       int retries = 0;                                /* retry incase of tablefull */
+       int force_alloc = 0, walk_count = 0;
+       unsigned int  vpid;
+       struct timespec ts;
+        struct timeval current_tv;
+#ifndef __LP64__
+        struct unsafe_fsnode *l_unsafefs = 0;
+#endif /* __LP64__ */
+       proc_t  curproc = current_proc();
+
+retry:
+       microuptime(&current_tv);
+
+       vp = NULLVP;
+
+       vnode_list_lock();
+
+       if ((numvnodes - deadvnodes) < desiredvnodes || force_alloc) {
+               if ( !TAILQ_EMPTY(&vnode_dead_list)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Can always reuse a dead one
+                        */
+                       vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vnode_dead_list);
+                       goto steal_this_vp;
+               }
+               /*
+                * no dead vnodes available... if we're under
+                * the limit, we'll create a new vnode
+                */
+               numvnodes++;
+               vnode_list_unlock();
+
+               MALLOC_ZONE(vp, struct vnode *, sizeof(*vp), M_VNODE, M_WAITOK);
+               bzero((char *)vp, sizeof(*vp));
+               VLISTNONE(vp);          /* avoid double queue removal */
+               lck_mtx_init(&vp->v_lock, vnode_lck_grp, vnode_lck_attr);
+
+               klist_init(&vp->v_knotes);
+               nanouptime(&ts);
+               vp->v_id = ts.tv_nsec;
+               vp->v_flag = VSTANDARD;
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+               if (mac_vnode_label_init_needed(vp))
+                       mac_vnode_label_init(vp);
+#endif /* MAC */
+
+               vp->v_iocount = 1;
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+#define MAX_WALK_COUNT 1000
+
+       if ( !TAILQ_EMPTY(&vnode_rage_list) &&
+            (ragevnodes >= rage_limit ||
+             (current_tv.tv_sec - rage_tv.tv_sec) >= RAGE_TIME_LIMIT)) {
+
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &vnode_rage_list, v_freelist) {
+                   if ( !(vp->v_listflag & VLIST_RAGE))
+                       panic("new_vnode: vp (%p) on RAGE list not marked VLIST_RAGE", vp);
+
+                   // if we're a dependency-capable process, skip vnodes that can
+                       // cause recycling deadlocks. (i.e. this process is diskimages
+                       // helper and the vnode is in a disk image).  Querying the
+                       // mnt_kern_flag for the mount's virtual device status
+                       // is safer than checking the mnt_dependent_process, which
+                       // may not be updated if there are multiple devnode layers 
+                       // in between the disk image and the final consumer.
+
+                   if ((curproc->p_flag & P_DEPENDENCY_CAPABLE) == 0 || vp->v_mount == NULL || 
+                                       (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_VIRTUALDEV) == 0) {
+                               break;
+                   }
+
+                   // don't iterate more than MAX_WALK_COUNT vnodes to
+                   // avoid keeping the vnode list lock held for too long.
+                   if (walk_count++ > MAX_WALK_COUNT) {
+                               vp = NULL;
+                       break;
+                   }
+               }
+
+       }
+
+       if (vp == NULL && !TAILQ_EMPTY(&vnode_free_list)) {
+               /*
+                * Pick the first vp for possible reuse
+                */
+               walk_count = 0;
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &vnode_free_list, v_freelist) {
+
+                       // if we're a dependency-capable process, skip vnodes that can
+                       // cause recycling deadlocks. (i.e. this process is diskimages
+                       // helper and the vnode is in a disk image).  Querying the
+                       // mnt_kern_flag for the mount's virtual device status
+                       // is safer than checking the mnt_dependent_process, which
+                       // may not be updated if there are multiple devnode layers 
+                       // in between the disk image and the final consumer.
+
+                   if ((curproc->p_flag & P_DEPENDENCY_CAPABLE) == 0 || vp->v_mount == NULL || 
+                                       (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_VIRTUALDEV) == 0) {
+                               break;
+                   }
+
+                   // don't iterate more than MAX_WALK_COUNT vnodes to
+                   // avoid keeping the vnode list lock held for too long.
+                   if (walk_count++ > MAX_WALK_COUNT) {
+                       vp = NULL;
+                       break;
+                   }
+               }
+
+       }
+
+       //
+       // if we don't have a vnode and the walk_count is >= MAX_WALK_COUNT
+       // then we're trying to create a vnode on behalf of a
+       // process like diskimages-helper that has file systems
+       // mounted on top of itself (and thus we can't reclaim
+       // vnodes in the file systems on top of us).  if we can't
+       // find a vnode to reclaim then we'll just have to force
+       // the allocation.
+       //
+       if (vp == NULL && walk_count >= MAX_WALK_COUNT) {
+           force_alloc = 1;
+           vnode_list_unlock();
+           goto retry;
+       }
+
+       if (vp == NULL) {
+               /*
+                * we've reached the system imposed maximum number of vnodes
+                * but there isn't a single one available
+                * wait a bit and then retry... if we can't get a vnode
+                * after 100 retries, than log a complaint
+                */
+               if (++retries <= 100) {
+                       vnode_list_unlock();
+                       delay_for_interval(1, 1000 * 1000);
+                       goto retry;
+               }
+                       
+               vnode_list_unlock();
+               tablefull("vnode");
+               log(LOG_EMERG, "%d desired, %d numvnodes, "
+                       "%d free, %d dead, %d rage\n",
+                       desiredvnodes, numvnodes, freevnodes, deadvnodes, ragevnodes);
+#if CONFIG_EMBEDDED
+               /*
+                * Running out of vnodes tends to make a system unusable. Start killing
+                * processes that jetsam knows are killable.
+                */
+               if (jetsam_kill_top_proc(TRUE, kJetsamFlagsKilledVnodes) < 0) {
+                       /*
+                        * If jetsam can't find any more processes to kill and there
+                        * still aren't any free vnodes, panic. Hopefully we'll get a
+                        * panic log to tell us why we ran out.
+                        */
+                       panic("vnode table is full\n");
+               }
+
+               delay_for_interval(1, 1000 * 1000);
+               goto retry;
+#endif
+
+               *vpp = NULL;
+               return (ENFILE);
+       }
+steal_this_vp:
+       vpid = vp->v_id;
+
+       vnode_list_remove_locked(vp);
+
+       vnode_list_unlock();
+
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+       /* 
+        * We could wait for the vnode_lock after removing the vp from the freelist
+        * and the vid is bumped only at the very end of reclaim. So it is  possible
+        * that we are looking at a vnode that is being terminated. If so skip it.
+        */ 
+       if ((vpid != vp->v_id) || (vp->v_usecount != 0) || (vp->v_iocount != 0) || 
+                       VONLIST(vp) || (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE)) {
+               /*
+                * we lost the race between dropping the list lock
+                * and picking up the vnode_lock... someone else
+                * used this vnode and it is now in a new state
+                * so we need to go back and try again
+                */
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               goto retry;
+       }
+       if ( (vp->v_lflag & (VL_NEEDINACTIVE | VL_MARKTERM)) == VL_NEEDINACTIVE ) {
+               /*
+                * we did a vnode_rele_ext that asked for
+                * us not to reenter the filesystem during
+                * the release even though VL_NEEDINACTIVE was
+                * set... we'll do it here by doing a
+                * vnode_get/vnode_put
+                *
+                * pick up an iocount so that we can call
+                * vnode_put and drive the VNOP_INACTIVE...
+                * vnode_put will either leave us off 
+                * the freelist if a new ref comes in,
+                * or put us back on the end of the freelist
+                * or recycle us if we were marked for termination...
+                * so we'll just go grab a new candidate
+                */
+               vp->v_iocount++;
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+               record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+               vnode_put_locked(vp);
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               goto retry;
+       }
+       OSAddAtomicLong(1, &num_reusedvnodes);
+
+       /* Checks for anyone racing us for recycle */ 
+       if (vp->v_type != VBAD) {
+               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)
+                       panic("new_vnode(%p): the vnode is VL_DEAD but not VBAD", vp);
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               (void)vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+
+               if ((VONLIST(vp)))
+                       panic("new_vnode(%p): vp on list", vp);
+               if (vp->v_usecount || vp->v_iocount || vp->v_kusecount ||
+                   (vp->v_lflag & (VNAMED_UBC | VNAMED_MOUNT | VNAMED_FSHASH)))
+                       panic("new_vnode(%p): free vnode still referenced", vp);
+               if ((vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev != 0) && (vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next != 0))
+                       panic("new_vnode(%p): vnode seems to be on mount list", vp);
+               if ( !LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_nclinks) || !LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_ncchildren))
+                       panic("new_vnode(%p): vnode still hooked into the name cache", vp);
+       }
+
+#ifndef __LP64__
+       if (vp->v_unsafefs) {
+               l_unsafefs = vp->v_unsafefs;
+               vp->v_unsafefs = (struct unsafe_fsnode *)NULL;
+       }
+#endif /* __LP64__ */
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /*
+        * We should never see VL_LABELWAIT or VL_LABEL here.
+        * as those operations hold a reference.
+        */
+       assert ((vp->v_lflag & VL_LABELWAIT) != VL_LABELWAIT);
+       assert ((vp->v_lflag & VL_LABEL) != VL_LABEL);
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VL_LABELED) {
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               mac_vnode_label_recycle(vp);
+       } else if (mac_vnode_label_init_needed(vp)) {
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               mac_vnode_label_init(vp);
+       }
+
+#endif /* MAC */
+
+       vp->v_iocount = 1;
+       vp->v_lflag = 0;
+       vp->v_writecount = 0;
+        vp->v_references = 0;
+       vp->v_iterblkflags = 0;
+       vp->v_flag = VSTANDARD;
+       /* vbad vnodes can point to dead_mountp */
+       vp->v_mount = NULL;
+       vp->v_defer_reclaimlist = (vnode_t)0;
+
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+#ifndef __LP64__
+       if (l_unsafefs) {
+               lck_mtx_destroy(&l_unsafefs->fsnodelock, vnode_lck_grp);
+               FREE_ZONE((void *)l_unsafefs, sizeof(struct unsafe_fsnode), M_UNSAFEFS);
+       }
+#endif /* __LP64__ */
+
+done:
+       *vpp = vp;
+
+       return (0);
+}
+
+void
+vnode_lock(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       lck_mtx_lock(&vp->v_lock);
+}
+
+void
+vnode_lock_spin(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       lck_mtx_lock_spin(&vp->v_lock);
+}
+
+void
+vnode_unlock(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&vp->v_lock);
+}
+
+
+
+int
+vnode_get(struct vnode *vp)
+{
+        int retval;
+
+        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       retval = vnode_get_locked(vp);
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return(retval); 
+}
+
+int
+vnode_get_locked(struct vnode *vp)
+{
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
+       if ((vp->v_iocount == 0) && (vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD))) {
+               return(ENOENT); 
+       }
+       vp->v_iocount++;
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+       record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * vnode_getwithvid() cuts in line in front of a vnode drain (that is,
+ * while the vnode is draining, but at no point after that) to prevent
+ * deadlocks when getting vnodes from filesystem hashes while holding
+ * resources that may prevent other iocounts from being released.
+ */
+int
+vnode_getwithvid(vnode_t vp, uint32_t vid)
+{
+        return(vget_internal(vp, vid, ( VNODE_NODEAD | VNODE_WITHID | VNODE_DRAINO )));
+}
+
+/*
+ * vnode_getwithvid_drainok() is like vnode_getwithvid(), but *does* block behind a vnode
+ * drain; it exists for use in the VFS name cache, where we really do want to block behind
+ * vnode drain to prevent holding off an unmount.
+ */
+int
+vnode_getwithvid_drainok(vnode_t vp, uint32_t vid)
+{
+        return(vget_internal(vp, vid, ( VNODE_NODEAD | VNODE_WITHID )));
+}
+
+int
+vnode_getwithref(vnode_t vp)
+{
+        return(vget_internal(vp, 0, 0));
+}
+
+
+__private_extern__ int
+vnode_getalways(vnode_t vp)
+{
+        return(vget_internal(vp, 0, VNODE_ALWAYS));
+}
+
+int
+vnode_put(vnode_t vp)
+{
+        int retval;
+
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       retval = vnode_put_locked(vp);
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return(retval);
+}
+
+int
+vnode_put_locked(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();      /* hoist outside loop */
+
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
+retry:
+       if (vp->v_iocount < 1) 
+               panic("vnode_put(%p): iocount < 1", vp);
+
+       if ((vp->v_usecount > 0) || (vp->v_iocount > 1))  {
+               vnode_dropiocount(vp);
+               return(0);
+       }
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DEAD | VL_NEEDINACTIVE)) == VL_NEEDINACTIVE) {
+
+               vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+               VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, ctx);
+
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+               /*
+                * because we had to drop the vnode lock before calling
+                * VNOP_INACTIVE, the state of this vnode may have changed...
+                * we may pick up both VL_MARTERM and either
+                * an iocount or a usecount while in the VNOP_INACTIVE call
+                * we don't want to call vnode_reclaim_internal on a vnode
+                * that has active references on it... so loop back around
+                * and reevaluate the state
+                */
+               goto retry;
+       }
+        vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
+
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_MARKTERM | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD)) == VL_MARKTERM) {
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+       }
+       vnode_dropiocount(vp);
+       vnode_list_add(vp);
+
+       return(0);
+}
+
+/* is vnode_t in use by others?  */
+int 
+vnode_isinuse(vnode_t vp, int refcnt)
+{
+       return(vnode_isinuse_locked(vp, refcnt, 0));
+}
+
+
+static int 
+vnode_isinuse_locked(vnode_t vp, int refcnt, int locked)
+{
+       int retval = 0;
+
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if ((vp->v_type != VREG) && ((vp->v_usecount - vp->v_kusecount) >  refcnt)) {
+               retval = 1;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       if (vp->v_type == VREG)  {
+               retval = ubc_isinuse_locked(vp, refcnt, 1);
+       }
+               
+out:
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+       return(retval);
+}
+
+
+/* resume vnode_t */
+errno_t 
+vnode_resume(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & VL_SUSPENDED) && vp->v_owner == current_thread()) {
+
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+               vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_SUSPENDED;
+               vp->v_owner = NULL;
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+               wakeup(&vp->v_iocount);
+       }
+       return(0);
+}
+
+/* suspend vnode_t
+ * Please do not use on more than one vnode at a time as it may
+ * cause deadlocks.
+ * xxx should we explicity prevent this from happening?
+ */
+
+errno_t
+vnode_suspend(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VL_SUSPENDED) {
+               return(EBUSY);
+       }
+
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+       /* 
+        * xxx is this sufficient to check if a vnode_drain is 
+        * progress?
+        */
+
+       if (vp->v_owner == NULL) {
+               vp->v_lflag |= VL_SUSPENDED;
+               vp->v_owner = current_thread();
+       }
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return(0);
+}
+                                       
+                                       
+
+static errno_t 
+vnode_drain(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VL_DRAIN) {
+               panic("vnode_drain: recursive drain");
+               return(ENOENT);
+       }
+       vp->v_lflag |= VL_DRAIN;
+       vp->v_owner = current_thread();
+
+       while (vp->v_iocount > 1)
+               msleep(&vp->v_iocount, &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode_drain", NULL);
+
+       vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_DRAIN;
+
+       return(0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * if the number of recent references via vnode_getwithvid or vnode_getwithref
+ * exceeds this threshold, than 'UN-AGE' the vnode by removing it from
+ * the LRU list if it's currently on it... once the iocount and usecount both drop
+ * to 0, it will get put back on the end of the list, effectively making it younger
+ * this allows us to keep actively referenced vnodes in the list without having
+ * to constantly remove and add to the list each time a vnode w/o a usecount is
+ * referenced which costs us taking and dropping a global lock twice.
+ */
+#define UNAGE_THRESHHOLD       25
+
+errno_t
+vnode_getiocount(vnode_t vp, unsigned int vid, int vflags)
+{
+       int nodead = vflags & VNODE_NODEAD;
+       int nosusp = vflags & VNODE_NOSUSPEND;
+       int always = vflags & VNODE_ALWAYS;
+       int beatdrain = vflags & VNODE_DRAINO;
+
+       for (;;) {
+               /*
+                * if it is a dead vnode with deadfs
+                */
+               if (nodead && (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD) && ((vp->v_type == VBAD) || (vp->v_data == 0))) {
+                       return(ENOENT);
+               }
+               /*
+                * will return VL_DEAD ones
+                */
+               if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_SUSPENDED | VL_DRAIN | VL_TERMINATE)) == 0 ) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               /*
+                * if suspended vnodes are to be failed
+                */
+               if (nosusp && (vp->v_lflag & VL_SUSPENDED)) {
+                       return(ENOENT);
+               }
+               /*
+                * if you are the owner of drain/suspend/termination , can acquire iocount
+                * check for VL_TERMINATE; it does not set owner
+                */
+               if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DRAIN | VL_SUSPENDED | VL_TERMINATE)) &&
+                   (vp->v_owner == current_thread())) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               
+               if (always != 0) 
+                       break;
+
+               /*
+                * In some situations, we want to get an iocount
+                * even if the vnode is draining to prevent deadlock,
+                * e.g. if we're in the filesystem, potentially holding
+                * resources that could prevent other iocounts from
+                * being released.
+                */
+               if (beatdrain && (vp->v_lflag & VL_DRAIN)) {
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+
+               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE) {
+                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_TERMWANT;
+
+                       msleep(&vp->v_lflag,   &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode getiocount", NULL);
+               } else
+                       msleep(&vp->v_iocount, &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode_getiocount", NULL);
+       }
+       if (((vflags & VNODE_WITHID) != 0) && vid != vp->v_id) {
+               return(ENOENT);
+       }
+       if (++vp->v_references >= UNAGE_THRESHHOLD) {
+               vp->v_references = 0;
+               vnode_list_remove(vp);
+       }
+       vp->v_iocount++;
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+       record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+       return(0);      
+}
+
+static void
+vnode_dropiocount (vnode_t vp)
+{
+       if (vp->v_iocount < 1)
+               panic("vnode_dropiocount(%p): v_iocount < 1", vp);
+
+       vp->v_iocount--;
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+       record_vp(vp, -1);
+#endif
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DRAIN | VL_SUSPENDED)) && (vp->v_iocount <= 1))
+               wakeup(&vp->v_iocount);
+}
+
+
+void
+vnode_reclaim(struct vnode * vp)
+{
+       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+
+__private_extern__
+void
+vnode_reclaim_internal(struct vnode * vp, int locked, int reuse, int flags)
+{
+       int isfifo = 0;
+
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_lock(vp);
+
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE) {
+               panic("vnode reclaim in progress");
+       }
+       vp->v_lflag |= VL_TERMINATE;
+
+       vn_clearunionwait(vp, 1);
+
+       vnode_drain(vp);
+
+       isfifo = (vp->v_type == VFIFO);
+
+       if (vp->v_type != VBAD)
+               vgone(vp, flags);               /* clean and reclaim the vnode */
+
+       /*
+        * give the vnode a new identity so that vnode_getwithvid will fail
+        * on any stale cache accesses...
+        * grab the list_lock so that if we're in "new_vnode"
+        * behind the list_lock trying to steal this vnode, the v_id is stable...
+        * once new_vnode drops the list_lock, it will block trying to take
+        * the vnode lock until we release it... at that point it will evaluate
+        * whether the v_vid has changed
+        * also need to make sure that the vnode isn't on a list where "new_vnode"
+        * can find it after the v_id has been bumped until we are completely done
+        * with the vnode (i.e. putting it back on a list has to be the very last
+        * thing we do to this vnode... many of the callers of vnode_reclaim_internal
+        * are holding an io_count on the vnode... they need to drop the io_count
+        * BEFORE doing a vnode_list_add or make sure to hold the vnode lock until
+        * they are completely done with the vnode
+        */
+       vnode_list_lock();
+
+       vnode_list_remove_locked(vp);
+       vp->v_id++;
+
+       vnode_list_unlock();
+
+       if (isfifo) {
+               struct fifoinfo * fip;
+
+               fip = vp->v_fifoinfo;
+               vp->v_fifoinfo = NULL;
+               FREE(fip, M_TEMP);
+       }
+       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+
+       if (vp->v_data)
+               panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: cleaned vnode isn't");
+       if (vp->v_numoutput)
+               panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: clean vnode has pending I/O's");
+       if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
+               panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: ubcinfo not cleaned");
+       if (vp->v_parent)
+               panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: vparent not removed");
+       if (vp->v_name)
+               panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: vname not removed");
+
+       vp->v_socket = NULL;
+
+       vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_TERMINATE;
+       vp->v_owner = NULL;
+
+       KNOTE(&vp->v_knotes, NOTE_REVOKE);
+
+       /* Make sure that when we reuse the vnode, no knotes left over */
+       klist_init(&vp->v_knotes);
+
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMWANT) {
+               vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_TERMWANT;
+               wakeup(&vp->v_lflag);
+       }
+       if (!reuse) {
+               /*
+                * make sure we get on the
+                * dead list if appropriate
+                */
+               vnode_list_add(vp);
+       }
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+}
+
+/* USAGE:
+ * The following api creates a vnode and associates all the parameter specified in vnode_fsparam
+ * structure and returns a vnode handle with a reference. device aliasing is handled here so checkalias
+ * is obsoleted by this.
+ */
+int  
+vnode_create(uint32_t flavor, uint32_t size, void *data, vnode_t *vpp)
+{
+       int error;
+       int insert = 1;
+       vnode_t vp;
+       vnode_t nvp;
+       vnode_t dvp;
+        struct  uthread *ut;
+       struct componentname *cnp;
+       struct vnode_fsparam *param = (struct vnode_fsparam *)data;
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       struct vnode_trigger_param *tinfo = NULL;
+#endif
+       if (param == NULL)
+               return (EINVAL);
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       if ((flavor == VNCREATE_TRIGGER) && (size == VNCREATE_TRIGGER_SIZE)) {
+               tinfo = (struct vnode_trigger_param *)data;
+
+               /* Validate trigger vnode input */
+               if ((param->vnfs_vtype != VDIR) ||
+                   (tinfo->vnt_resolve_func == NULL) ||
+                   (tinfo->vnt_flags & ~VNT_VALID_MASK)) {
+                       return (EINVAL);
+               }
+               /* Fall through a normal create (params will be the same) */
+               flavor = VNCREATE_FLAVOR;
+               size = VCREATESIZE;
+       }
+#endif
+       if ((flavor != VNCREATE_FLAVOR) || (size != VCREATESIZE))
+               return (EINVAL);
+
+       if ( (error = new_vnode(&vp)) )
+               return(error);
+
+       dvp = param->vnfs_dvp;
+       cnp = param->vnfs_cnp;
+
+       vp->v_op = param->vnfs_vops;
+       vp->v_type = param->vnfs_vtype;
+       vp->v_data = param->vnfs_fsnode;
+
+       if (param->vnfs_markroot)
+               vp->v_flag |= VROOT;
+       if (param->vnfs_marksystem)
+               vp->v_flag |= VSYSTEM;
+       if (vp->v_type == VREG) {
+               error = ubc_info_init_withsize(vp, param->vnfs_filesize);
+               if (error) {
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+                       record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+                       vp->v_mount = NULL;
+                       vp->v_op = dead_vnodeop_p;
+                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
+                       vp->v_data = NULL;
+                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_DEAD;
+
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       return(error);
+               }
+       }
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+       record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       /*
+        * For trigger vnodes, attach trigger info to vnode
+        */
+       if ((vp->v_type == VDIR) && (tinfo != NULL)) {
+               /* 
+                * Note: has a side effect of incrementing trigger count on the
+                * mount if successful, which we would need to undo on a 
+                * subsequent failure.
+                */
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+               record_vp(vp, -1);
+#endif
+               error = vnode_resolver_create(param->vnfs_mp, vp, tinfo, FALSE);
+               if (error) {
+                       printf("vnode_create: vnode_resolver_create() err %d\n", error);
+                       vp->v_mount = NULL;
+                       vp->v_op = dead_vnodeop_p;
+                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
+                       vp->v_data = NULL;
+                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_DEAD;
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+                       record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       return (error);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+       if (vp->v_type == VCHR || vp->v_type == VBLK) {
+
+               vp->v_tag = VT_DEVFS;           /* callers will reset if needed (bdevvp) */
+
+               if ( (nvp = checkalias(vp, param->vnfs_rdev)) ) {
+                       /*
+                        * if checkalias returns a vnode, it will be locked
+                        *
+                        * first get rid of the unneeded vnode we acquired
+                        */
+                       vp->v_data = NULL;
+                       vp->v_op = spec_vnodeop_p;
+                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+                       vp->v_lflag = VL_DEAD;
+                       vp->v_data = NULL; 
+                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+
+                       /*
+                        * switch to aliased vnode and finish
+                        * preparing it
+                        */
+                       vp = nvp;
+
+                       vclean(vp, 0);
+                       vp->v_op = param->vnfs_vops;
+                       vp->v_type = param->vnfs_vtype;
+                       vp->v_data = param->vnfs_fsnode;
+                       vp->v_lflag = 0;
+                       vp->v_mount = NULL;
+                       insmntque(vp, param->vnfs_mp);
+                       insert = 0;
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type == VFIFO) {
+               struct fifoinfo *fip;
+
+               MALLOC(fip, struct fifoinfo *,
+                       sizeof(*fip), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+               bzero(fip, sizeof(struct fifoinfo ));
+               vp->v_fifoinfo = fip;
+       }
+       /* The file systems must pass the address of the location where
+        * they store the vnode pointer. When we add the vnode into the mount
+        * list and name cache they become discoverable. So the file system node
+        * must have the connection to vnode setup by then
+        */
+       *vpp = vp;
+
+       /* Add fs named reference. */
+       if (param->vnfs_flags & VNFS_ADDFSREF) {
+               vp->v_lflag |= VNAMED_FSHASH;
+       }
+       if (param->vnfs_mp) {
+                       if (param->vnfs_mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_LOCK_LOCAL)
+                               vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
+               if (insert) {
+                       if ((vp->v_freelist.tqe_prev != (struct vnode **)0xdeadb))
+                               panic("insmntque: vp on the free list\n");
+
+                       /*
+                        * enter in mount vnode list
+                        */
+                       insmntque(vp, param->vnfs_mp);
+               }
+#ifndef __LP64__
+               if ((param->vnfs_mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSTHREADSAFE) == 0) {
+                       MALLOC_ZONE(vp->v_unsafefs, struct unsafe_fsnode *,
+                                   sizeof(struct unsafe_fsnode), M_UNSAFEFS, M_WAITOK);
+                       vp->v_unsafefs->fsnode_count = 0;
+                       vp->v_unsafefs->fsnodeowner  = (void *)NULL;
+                       lck_mtx_init(&vp->v_unsafefs->fsnodelock, vnode_lck_grp, vnode_lck_attr);
+               }
+#endif /* __LP64__ */
+       }
+       if (dvp && vnode_ref(dvp) == 0) {
+               vp->v_parent = dvp;
+       }
+       if (cnp) {
+               if (dvp && ((param->vnfs_flags & (VNFS_NOCACHE | VNFS_CANTCACHE)) == 0)) {
+                       /*
+                        * enter into name cache
+                        * we've got the info to enter it into the name cache now
+                        * cache_enter_create will pick up an extra reference on
+                        * the name entered into the string cache
+                        */
+                       vp->v_name = cache_enter_create(dvp, vp, cnp);
+               } else
+                       vp->v_name = vfs_addname(cnp->cn_nameptr, cnp->cn_namelen, cnp->cn_hash, 0);
+
+               if ((cnp->cn_flags & UNIONCREATED) == UNIONCREATED)
+                       vp->v_flag |= VISUNION;
+       }
+       if ((param->vnfs_flags & VNFS_CANTCACHE) == 0) {
+               /*
+                * this vnode is being created as cacheable in the name cache
+                * this allows us to re-enter it in the cache
+                */
+               vp->v_flag |= VNCACHEABLE;
+       }
+       ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+
+       if ((current_proc()->p_lflag & P_LRAGE_VNODES) ||
+           (ut->uu_flag & UT_RAGE_VNODES)) {
+               /*
+                * process has indicated that it wants any
+                * vnodes created on its behalf to be rapidly
+                * aged to reduce the impact on the cached set
+                * of vnodes
+                */
+               vp->v_flag |= VRAGE;
+       }
+       return (0);
+}
+
+int
+vnode_addfsref(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VNAMED_FSHASH)
+               panic("add_fsref: vp already has named reference");
+       if ((vp->v_freelist.tqe_prev != (struct vnode **)0xdeadb))
+               panic("addfsref: vp on the free list\n");
+       vp->v_lflag |= VNAMED_FSHASH;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+       return(0);
+
+}
+int
+vnode_removefsref(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & VNAMED_FSHASH) == 0)
+               panic("remove_fsref: no named reference");
+       vp->v_lflag &= ~VNAMED_FSHASH;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+       return(0);
+
+}
+
+
+int
+vfs_iterate(int flags, int (*callout)(mount_t, void *), void *arg)
+{
+       mount_t mp;
+       int ret = 0;
+       fsid_t * fsid_list;
+       int count, actualcount,  i;
+       void * allocmem;
+       int indx_start, indx_stop, indx_incr;
+
+       count = mount_getvfscnt();
+       count += 10;
+
+       fsid_list = (fsid_t *)kalloc(count * sizeof(fsid_t));
+       allocmem = (void *)fsid_list;
+
+       actualcount = mount_fillfsids(fsid_list, count);
+
+       /*
+        * Establish the iteration direction
+        * VFS_ITERATE_TAIL_FIRST overrides default head first order (oldest first)
+        */
+       if (flags & VFS_ITERATE_TAIL_FIRST) {
+               indx_start = actualcount - 1;
+               indx_stop = -1;
+               indx_incr = -1;
+       } else /* Head first by default */ {
+               indx_start = 0;
+               indx_stop = actualcount;
+               indx_incr = 1;
+       }
+
+       for (i=indx_start; i != indx_stop; i += indx_incr) {
+
+               /* obtain the mount point with iteration reference */
+               mp = mount_list_lookupby_fsid(&fsid_list[i], 0, 1);
+
+               if(mp == (struct mount *)0)
+                       continue;
+               mount_lock(mp);
+               if (mp->mnt_lflag & (MNT_LDEAD | MNT_LUNMOUNT)) {
+                       mount_unlock(mp);
+                       mount_iterdrop(mp);
+                       continue;
+               
+               }
+               mount_unlock(mp);
+
+               /* iterate over all the vnodes */
+               ret = callout(mp, arg);
+
+               mount_iterdrop(mp);
+
+               switch (ret) {
+               case VFS_RETURNED:
+               case VFS_RETURNED_DONE:
+                       if (ret == VFS_RETURNED_DONE) {
+                               ret = 0;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       break;
+
+               case VFS_CLAIMED_DONE:
+                       ret = 0;
+                       goto out;
+               case VFS_CLAIMED:
+               default:
+                       break;
+               }
+               ret = 0;
+       }
+
+out:
+       kfree(allocmem, (count * sizeof(fsid_t)));
+       return (ret);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update the vfsstatfs structure in the mountpoint.
+ * MAC: Parameter eventtype added, indicating whether the event that
+ * triggered this update came from user space, via a system call
+ * (VFS_USER_EVENT) or an internal kernel call (VFS_KERNEL_EVENT).
+ */
+int
+vfs_update_vfsstat(mount_t mp, vfs_context_t ctx, __unused int eventtype)
+{
+       struct vfs_attr va;
+       int             error;
+
+       /*
+        * Request the attributes we want to propagate into
+        * the per-mount vfsstat structure.
+        */
+       VFSATTR_INIT(&va);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_iosize);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_blocks);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_bfree);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_bavail);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_bused);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_files);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_ffree);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_bsize);
+       VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_fssubtype);
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       if (eventtype == VFS_USER_EVENT) {
+               error = mac_mount_check_getattr(ctx, mp, &va);
+               if (error != 0)
+                       return (error);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       if ((error = vfs_getattr(mp, &va, ctx)) != 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("STAT - filesystem returned error %d", error);
+               return(error);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Unpack into the per-mount structure.
+        *
+        * We only overwrite these fields, which are likely to change:
+        *      f_blocks
+        *      f_bfree
+        *      f_bavail
+        *      f_bused
+        *      f_files
+        *      f_ffree
+        *
+        * And these which are not, but which the FS has no other way
+        * of providing to us:
+        *      f_bsize
+        *      f_iosize
+        *      f_fssubtype
+        *
+        */
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_bsize)) {
+               /* 4822056 - protect against malformed server mount */
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize = (va.f_bsize > 0 ? va.f_bsize : 512);
+       } else {
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize = mp->mnt_devblocksize; /* default from the device block size */
+       }
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_iosize)) {
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_iosize = va.f_iosize;
+       } else {
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_iosize = 1024 * 1024;         /* 1MB sensible I/O size */
+       }
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_blocks))
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_blocks = va.f_blocks;
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_bfree))
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bfree = va.f_bfree;
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_bavail))
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bavail = va.f_bavail;
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_bused))
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bused = va.f_bused;
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_files))
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_files = va.f_files;
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_ffree))
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_ffree = va.f_ffree;
+
+       /* this is unlikely to change, but has to be queried for */
+       if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_fssubtype))
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fssubtype = va.f_fssubtype;
+
+       return(0);
+}
+
+int
+mount_list_add(mount_t mp)
+{
+       int res;
+
+       mount_list_lock();
+       if (system_inshutdown != 0) {
+               res = -1;
+       } else {
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);    
+               nummounts++;
+               res = 0;
+       }
+       mount_list_unlock();
+
+       return res;
+}
+
+void
+mount_list_remove(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_list_lock();
+       TAILQ_REMOVE(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);
+       nummounts--;
+       mp->mnt_list.tqe_next = NULL;
+       mp->mnt_list.tqe_prev = NULL;
+       mount_list_unlock();
+}
+
+mount_t
+mount_lookupby_volfsid(int volfs_id, int withref)
+{
+       mount_t cur_mount = (mount_t)0;
+       mount_t mp;
+
+       mount_list_lock();
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
+               if (!(mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_UNMOUNT) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_PATH_FROM_ID) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[0] == volfs_id)) {
+                       cur_mount = mp;
+                       if (withref) {
+                               if (mount_iterref(cur_mount, 1))  {
+                                       cur_mount = (mount_t)0;
+                                       mount_list_unlock();
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       mount_list_unlock();
+       if (withref && (cur_mount != (mount_t)0)) {
+               mp = cur_mount;
+               if (vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT) != 0) {
+                       cur_mount = (mount_t)0;
+               }
+               mount_iterdrop(mp);
+       }
+out:
+       return(cur_mount);
+}
+
+mount_t 
+mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid_t *fsid, int locked, int withref)
+{
+       mount_t retmp = (mount_t)0;
+       mount_t mp;
+
+       if (!locked)
+               mount_list_lock();
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) 
+               if (mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[0] == fsid->val[0] &&
+                   mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[1] == fsid->val[1]) {
+                       retmp = mp;
+                       if (withref) {
+                               if (mount_iterref(retmp, 1)) 
+                                       retmp = (mount_t)0;
+                       }
+                       goto out;
+               }
+out:
+       if (!locked)
+               mount_list_unlock();
+       return (retmp);
+}
+
+errno_t
+vnode_lookup(const char *path, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct nameidata nd;
+       int error;
+       u_int32_t ndflags = 0;
+
+       if (ctx == NULL) {              /* XXX technically an error */
+               ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       }
+
+       if (flags & VNODE_LOOKUP_NOFOLLOW)
+               ndflags = NOFOLLOW;
+       else
+               ndflags = FOLLOW;
+
+       if (flags & VNODE_LOOKUP_NOCROSSMOUNT)
+               ndflags |= NOCROSSMOUNT;
+       if (flags & VNODE_LOOKUP_DOWHITEOUT)
+               ndflags |= DOWHITEOUT;
+
+       /* XXX AUDITVNPATH1 needed ? */
+       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, ndflags, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+              CAST_USER_ADDR_T(path), ctx);
+
+       if ((error = namei(&nd)))
+               return (error);
+       *vpp = nd.ni_vp;
+       nameidone(&nd);
+       
+       return (0);
+}
+
+errno_t
+vnode_open(const char *path, int fmode, int cmode, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct nameidata nd;
+       int error;
+       u_int32_t ndflags = 0;
+       int lflags = flags;
+
+       if (ctx == NULL) {              /* XXX technically an error */
+               ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       }
+
+       if (fmode & O_NOFOLLOW)
+               lflags |= VNODE_LOOKUP_NOFOLLOW;
+
+       if (lflags & VNODE_LOOKUP_NOFOLLOW)
+               ndflags = NOFOLLOW;
+       else
+               ndflags = FOLLOW;
+
+       if (lflags & VNODE_LOOKUP_NOCROSSMOUNT)
+               ndflags |= NOCROSSMOUNT;
+       if (lflags & VNODE_LOOKUP_DOWHITEOUT)
+               ndflags |= DOWHITEOUT;
+       
+       /* XXX AUDITVNPATH1 needed ? */
+       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, ndflags, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+              CAST_USER_ADDR_T(path), ctx);
+
+       if ((error = vn_open(&nd, fmode, cmode)))
+               *vpp = NULL;
+       else
+               *vpp = nd.ni_vp;
+       
+       return (error);
+}
+
+errno_t
+vnode_close(vnode_t vp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       if (ctx == NULL) {
+               ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       }
+       
+       error = vn_close(vp, flags, ctx);
+       vnode_put(vp);
+       return (error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *     vnode_getattr:???
+ */
+errno_t
+vnode_size(vnode_t vp, off_t *sizep, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct vnode_attr       va;
+       int                     error;
+
+       VATTR_INIT(&va);
+       VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_data_size);
+       error = vnode_getattr(vp, &va, ctx);
+       if (!error)
+               *sizep = va.va_data_size;
+       return(error);
+}
+
+errno_t
+vnode_setsize(vnode_t vp, off_t size, int ioflag, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct vnode_attr       va;
+
+       VATTR_INIT(&va);
+       VATTR_SET(&va, va_data_size, size);
+       va.va_vaflags = ioflag & 0xffff;
+       return(vnode_setattr(vp, &va, ctx));
+}
+
+static int
+vn_create_reg(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t flags, int fmode, uint32_t *statusp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       /* Only use compound VNOP for compound operation */
+       if (vnode_compound_open_available(dvp) && ((flags & VN_CREATE_DOOPEN) != 0)) {
+               *vpp = NULLVP;
+               return VNOP_COMPOUND_OPEN(dvp, vpp, ndp, VNOP_COMPOUND_OPEN_DO_CREATE, fmode, statusp, vap, ctx);
+       } else {
+               return VNOP_CREATE(dvp, vpp, &ndp->ni_cnd, vap, ctx);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a filesystem object of arbitrary type with arbitrary attributes in
+ * the spevied directory with the specified name.
+ *
+ * Parameters: dvp                     Pointer to the vnode of the directory
+ *                                     in which to create the object.
+ *             vpp                     Pointer to the area into which to
+ *                                     return the vnode of the created object.
+ *             cnp                     Component name pointer from the namei
+ *                                     data structure, containing the name to
+ *                                     use for the create object.
+ *             vap                     Pointer to the vnode_attr structure
+ *                                     describing the object to be created,
+ *                                     including the type of object.
+ *             flags                   VN_* flags controlling ACL inheritance
+ *                                     and whether or not authorization is to
+ *                                     be required for the operation.
+ *             
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *             !0                      errno value
+ *
+ * Implicit:   *vpp                    Contains the vnode of the object that
+ *                                     was created, if successful.
+ *             *cnp                    May be modified by the underlying VFS.
+ *             *vap                    May be modified by the underlying VFS.
+ *                                     modified by either ACL inheritance or
+ *             
+ *             
+ *                                     be modified, even if the operation is
+ *                                     
+ *
+ * Notes:      The kauth_filesec_t in 'vap', if any, is in host byte order.
+ *
+ *             Modification of '*cnp' and '*vap' by the underlying VFS is
+ *             strongly discouraged.
+ *
+ * XXX:                This function is a 'vn_*' function; it belongs in vfs_vnops.c
+ *
+ * XXX:                We should enummerate the possible errno values here, and where
+ *             in the code they originated.
+ */
+errno_t
+vn_create(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t flags, int fmode, uint32_t *statusp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       errno_t error, old_error;
+       vnode_t vp = (vnode_t)0;
+       boolean_t batched;
+       struct componentname *cnp;
+       uint32_t defaulted;
+
+       cnp = &ndp->ni_cnd;
+       error = 0;
+       batched = namei_compound_available(dvp, ndp) ? TRUE : FALSE;
+
+       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    CREATE - '%s'", dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr);
+
+       if (flags & VN_CREATE_NOINHERIT) 
+               vap->va_vaflags |= VA_NOINHERIT;
+       if (flags & VN_CREATE_NOAUTH) 
+               vap->va_vaflags |= VA_NOAUTH;
+       /*
+        * Handle ACL inheritance, initialize vap.
+        */
+       error = vn_attribute_prepare(dvp, vap, &defaulted, ctx);
+       if (error) {
+               return error;
+       }
+
+       if (vap->va_type != VREG && (fmode != 0 || (flags & VN_CREATE_DOOPEN) || statusp)) {
+               panic("Open parameters, but not a regular file.");
+       }
+       if ((fmode != 0) && ((flags & VN_CREATE_DOOPEN) == 0)) {
+               panic("Mode for open, but not trying to open...");
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Create the requested node.
+        */
+       switch(vap->va_type) {
+       case VREG:
+               error = vn_create_reg(dvp, vpp, ndp, vap, flags, fmode, statusp, ctx);
+               break;
+       case VDIR:
+               error = vn_mkdir(dvp, vpp, ndp, vap, ctx);
+               break;
+       case VSOCK:
+       case VFIFO:
+       case VBLK:
+       case VCHR:
+               error = VNOP_MKNOD(dvp, vpp, cnp, vap, ctx);
+               break;
+       default:
+               panic("vnode_create: unknown vtype %d", vap->va_type);
+       }
+       if (error != 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    CREATE - error %d returned by filesystem", dvp, error);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       vp = *vpp;
+       old_error = error;
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       if (!(flags & VN_CREATE_NOLABEL)) {
+               error = vnode_label(vnode_mount(vp), dvp, vp, cnp, VNODE_LABEL_CREATE, ctx);
+               if (error)
+                       goto error;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * If some of the requested attributes weren't handled by the VNOP,
+        * use our fallback code.
+        */
+       if (!VATTR_ALL_SUPPORTED(vap) && *vpp) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("     CREATE - doing fallback with ACL %p", vap->va_acl);
+               error = vnode_setattr_fallback(*vpp, vap, ctx);
+       }
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+error:
+#endif
+       if ((error != 0) && (vp != (vnode_t)0)) {
+
+               /* If we've done a compound open, close */
+               if (batched && (old_error == 0) && (vap->va_type == VREG)) {
+                       VNOP_CLOSE(vp, fmode, ctx);
+               }
+
+               /* Need to provide notifications if a create succeeded */
+               if (!batched) {
+                       *vpp = (vnode_t) 0;
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+               }
+       }
+
+out:
+       vn_attribute_cleanup(vap, defaulted);
+
+       return(error);
+}
+
+static kauth_scope_t   vnode_scope;
+static int     vnode_authorize_callback(kauth_cred_t credential, void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+    uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3);
+static int     vnode_authorize_callback_int(__unused kauth_cred_t credential, __unused void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+    uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3);
+
+typedef struct _vnode_authorize_context {
+       vnode_t         vp;
+       struct vnode_attr *vap;
+       vnode_t         dvp;
+       struct vnode_attr *dvap;
+       vfs_context_t   ctx;
+       int             flags;
+       int             flags_valid;
+#define _VAC_IS_OWNER          (1<<0)
+#define _VAC_IN_GROUP          (1<<1)
+#define _VAC_IS_DIR_OWNER      (1<<2)
+#define _VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP      (1<<3)
+} *vauth_ctx;
+
+void
+vnode_authorize_init(void)
+{
+       vnode_scope = kauth_register_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_VNODE, vnode_authorize_callback, NULL);
+}
+
+#define VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_UID            0x1
+#define VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_GID            0x2
+#define VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_MODE           0x4
+
+int
+vn_attribute_prepare(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t *defaulted_fieldsp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       kauth_acl_t nacl = NULL, oacl = NULL;
+       int error;
+
+       /*
+        * Handle ACL inheritance.
+        */
+       if (!(vap->va_vaflags & VA_NOINHERIT) && vfs_extendedsecurity(dvp->v_mount)) {
+               /* save the original filesec */
+               if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
+                       oacl = vap->va_acl;
+               }
+
+               vap->va_acl = NULL;
+               if ((error = kauth_acl_inherit(dvp,
+                        oacl,
+                        &nacl,
+                        vap->va_type == VDIR,
+                        ctx)) != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    CREATE - error %d processing inheritance", dvp, error);
+                       return(error);
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * If the generated ACL is NULL, then we can save ourselves some effort
+                * by clearing the active bit.
+                */
+               if (nacl == NULL) {
+                       VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl);
+               } else {
+                       vap->va_base_acl = oacl;
+                       VATTR_SET(vap, va_acl, nacl);
+               }
+       }
+       
+       error = vnode_authattr_new_internal(dvp, vap, (vap->va_vaflags & VA_NOAUTH), defaulted_fieldsp, ctx);
+       if (error) {
+               vn_attribute_cleanup(vap, *defaulted_fieldsp);
+       } 
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+void
+vn_attribute_cleanup(struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t defaulted_fields)
+{
+       /*
+        * If the caller supplied a filesec in vap, it has been replaced
+        * now by the post-inheritance copy.  We need to put the original back
+        * and free the inherited product.
+        */
+       kauth_acl_t nacl, oacl;
+
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
+               nacl = vap->va_acl;
+               oacl = vap->va_base_acl;
+
+               if (oacl)  {
+                       VATTR_SET(vap, va_acl, oacl);
+                       vap->va_base_acl = NULL;
+               } else {
+                       VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl);
+               }
+
+               if (nacl != NULL) {
+                       kauth_acl_free(nacl);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if ((defaulted_fields & VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_MODE) != 0) {
+               VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode);
+       }
+       if ((defaulted_fields & VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_GID) != 0) {
+               VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid);
+       }
+       if ((defaulted_fields & VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_UID) != 0) {
+               VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid);
+       }
+
+       return;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_unlink(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t vp, struct componentname *cnp, vfs_context_t ctx, __unused void *reserved)
+{
+       int error = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Normally, unlinking of directories is not supported. 
+        * However, some file systems may have limited support.
+        */
+       if ((vp->v_type == VDIR) &&
+                       !(vp->v_mount->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSDIRLINKS)) {
+               return (EPERM); /* POSIX */
+       }
+
+       /* authorize the delete operation */
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       if (!error)
+               error = mac_vnode_check_unlink(ctx, dvp, vp, cnp);
+#endif /* MAC */
+       if (!error)
+               error = vnode_authorize(vp, dvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx);
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_open_existing(vnode_t vp, struct componentname *cnp, int fmode, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       /* Open of existing case */
+       kauth_action_t action;
+       int error = 0;
+
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp == NULL) {
+               panic("NULL ndp");
+       }
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("reserved not NULL.");
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /* XXX may do duplicate work here, but ignore that for now (idempotent) */
+       if (vfs_flags(vnode_mount(vp)) & MNT_MULTILABEL) {
+               error = vnode_label(vnode_mount(vp), NULL, vp, NULL, 0, ctx);
+               if (error)
+                       return (error);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       if ( (fmode & O_DIRECTORY) && vp->v_type != VDIR ) {
+               return (ENOTDIR);
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type == VSOCK && vp->v_tag != VT_FDESC) {
+               return (EOPNOTSUPP);    /* Operation not supported on socket */
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type == VLNK && (fmode & O_NOFOLLOW) != 0) {
+               return (ELOOP);         /* O_NOFOLLOW was specified and the target is a symbolic link */
+       }
+
+       /* disallow write operations on directories */
+       if (vnode_isdir(vp) && (fmode & (FWRITE | O_TRUNC))) {
+               return (EISDIR);
+       }
+
+       if ((cnp->cn_ndp->ni_flag & NAMEI_TRAILINGSLASH)) {
+               if (vp->v_type != VDIR) {
+                       return (ENOTDIR);
+               }
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /* If a file being opened is a shadow file containing 
+        * namedstream data, ignore the macf checks because it 
+        * is a kernel internal file and access should always 
+        * be allowed.
+        */
+       if (!(vnode_isshadow(vp) && vnode_isnamedstream(vp))) {
+               error = mac_vnode_check_open(ctx, vp, fmode);
+               if (error) {
+                       return (error);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /* compute action to be authorized */
+       action = 0;
+       if (fmode & FREAD) {
+               action |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
+       }
+       if (fmode & (FWRITE | O_TRUNC)) {
+               /*
+                * If we are writing, appending, and not truncating,
+                * indicate that we are appending so that if the
+                * UF_APPEND or SF_APPEND bits are set, we do not deny
+                * the open.
+                */
+               if ((fmode & O_APPEND) && !(fmode & O_TRUNC)) {
+                       action |= KAUTH_VNODE_APPEND_DATA;
+               } else {
+                       action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA;
+               }
+       }
+       return (vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, action, ctx));
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_create(vnode_t dvp, struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       /* Creation case */
+       int error;
+
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp == NULL) {
+               panic("NULL cn_ndp");
+       }
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("reserved not NULL.");
+       }
+
+       /* Only validate path for creation if we didn't do a complete lookup */
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp->ni_flag & NAMEI_UNFINISHED) {
+               error = lookup_validate_creation_path(cnp->cn_ndp);
+               if (error)
+                       return (error);
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_create(ctx, dvp, cnp, vap);
+       if (error)
+               return (error);
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
+
+       return (vnode_authorize(dvp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE, ctx));
+}
+
+int 
+vn_authorize_rename(struct vnode *fdvp,  struct vnode *fvp,  struct componentname *fcnp,
+             struct vnode *tdvp,  struct vnode *tvp,  struct componentname *tcnp,
+             vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       int error = 0;
+       int moving = 0;
+
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("Passed something other than NULL as reserved field!");
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Avoid renaming "." and "..".
+        *
+        * XXX No need to check for this in the FS.  We should always have the leaves
+        * in VFS in this case.
+        */
+       if (fvp->v_type == VDIR &&
+           ((fdvp == fvp) ||
+            (fcnp->cn_namelen == 1 && fcnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.') ||
+            ((fcnp->cn_flags | tcnp->cn_flags) & ISDOTDOT)) ) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (tvp == NULLVP && vnode_compound_rename_available(tdvp)) {
+               error = lookup_validate_creation_path(tcnp->cn_ndp);
+               if (error) 
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+       /***** <MACF> *****/
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_rename_from(ctx, fdvp, fvp, fcnp);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_rename_to(ctx,
+                       tdvp, tvp, fdvp == tdvp, tcnp);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+#endif
+       /***** </MACF> *****/
+
+       /***** <MiscChecks> *****/
+       if (tvp != NULL) {
+               if (fvp->v_type == VDIR && tvp->v_type != VDIR) {
+                       error = ENOTDIR;
+                       goto out;
+               } else if (fvp->v_type != VDIR && tvp->v_type == VDIR) {
+                       error = EISDIR;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (fvp == tdvp) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * The following edge case is caught here:
+        * (to cannot be a descendent of from)
+        *
+        *       o fdvp
+        *      /
+        *     /
+        *    o fvp
+        *     \
+        *      \
+        *       o tdvp
+        *      /
+        *     /
+        *    o tvp
+        */
+       if (tdvp->v_parent == fvp) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       /***** </MiscChecks> *****/
+
+       /***** <Kauth> *****/
+
+       error = 0;
+       if ((tvp != NULL) && vnode_isdir(tvp)) {
+               if (tvp != fdvp)
+                       moving = 1;
+       } else if (tdvp != fdvp) {
+               moving = 1;
+       }
+
+
+       /*
+        * must have delete rights to remove the old name even in
+        * the simple case of fdvp == tdvp.
+        *
+        * If fvp is a directory, and we are changing it's parent,
+        * then we also need rights to rewrite its ".." entry as well.
+        */
+       if (vnode_isdir(fvp)) {
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(fvp, fdvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE | KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       } else {
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(fvp, fdvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+       if (moving) {
+               /* moving into tdvp or tvp, must have rights to add */
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(((tvp != NULL) && vnode_isdir(tvp)) ? tvp : tdvp,
+                                               NULL, 
+                                               vnode_isdir(fvp) ? KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY : KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE,
+                                               ctx)) != 0) {
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       } else {
+               /* node staying in same directory, must be allowed to add new name */
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(fdvp, NULL,
+                                               vnode_isdir(fvp) ? KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY : KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+       /* overwriting tvp */
+       if ((tvp != NULL) && !vnode_isdir(tvp) &&
+                       ((error = vnode_authorize(tvp, tdvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx)) != 0)) {
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /***** </Kauth> *****/
+
+       /* XXX more checks? */
+out:
+       return error;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_mkdir(vnode_t dvp, struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("reserved not NULL in vn_authorize_mkdir()");     
+       }
+
+       /* XXX A hack for now, to make shadow files work */
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp == NULL) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (vnode_compound_mkdir_available(dvp)) {
+               error = lookup_validate_creation_path(cnp->cn_ndp);
+               if (error)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_create(ctx,
+           dvp, cnp, vap);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+#endif
+
+       /* authorize addition of a directory to the parent */
+       if ((error = vnode_authorize(dvp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY, ctx)) != 0)
+               goto out;
+       
+out:
+       return error;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_rmdir(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t vp, struct componentname *cnp, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("Non-NULL reserved argument to vn_authorize_rmdir()");
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type != VDIR) {
+               /*
+                * rmdir only deals with directories
+                */
+               return ENOTDIR;
+       } 
+       
+       if (dvp == vp) {
+               /*
+                * No rmdir "." please.
+                */
+               return EINVAL;
+       } 
+       
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_unlink(ctx, dvp,
+                       vp, cnp);
+       if (error)
+               return error;
+#endif
+
+       return vnode_authorize(vp, dvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Authorize an operation on a vnode.
+ *
+ * This is KPI, but here because it needs vnode_scope.
+ *
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *     kauth_authorize_action:EPERM    ...
+ *     xlate => EACCES                 Permission denied
+ *     kauth_authorize_action:0        Success
+ *     kauth_authorize_action:         Depends on callback return; this is
+ *                                     usually only vnode_authorize_callback(),
+ *                                     but may include other listerners, if any
+ *                                     exist.
+ *             EROFS
+ *             EACCES
+ *             EPERM
+ *             ???
+ */
+int
+vnode_authorize(vnode_t vp, vnode_t dvp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       int     error, result;
+
+       /*
+        * We can't authorize against a dead vnode; allow all operations through so that
+        * the correct error can be returned.
+        */
+       if (vp->v_type == VBAD)
+               return(0);
+       
+       error = 0;
+       result = kauth_authorize_action(vnode_scope, vfs_context_ucred(ctx), action,
+                  (uintptr_t)ctx, (uintptr_t)vp, (uintptr_t)dvp, (uintptr_t)&error);
+       if (result == EPERM)            /* traditional behaviour */
+               result = EACCES;
+       /* did the lower layers give a better error return? */
+       if ((result != 0) && (error != 0))
+               return(error);
+       return(result);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test for vnode immutability.
+ *
+ * The 'append' flag is set when the authorization request is constrained
+ * to operations which only request the right to append to a file.
+ *
+ * The 'ignore' flag is set when an operation modifying the immutability flags
+ * is being authorized.  We check the system securelevel to determine which
+ * immutability flags we can ignore.
+ */
+static int
+vnode_immutable(struct vnode_attr *vap, int append, int ignore)
+{
+       int     mask;
+
+       /* start with all bits precluding the operation */
+       mask = IMMUTABLE | APPEND;
+
+       /* if appending only, remove the append-only bits */
+       if (append)
+               mask &= ~APPEND;
+
+       /* ignore only set when authorizing flags changes */
+       if (ignore) {
+               if (securelevel <= 0) {
+                       /* in insecure state, flags do not inhibit changes */
+                       mask = 0;
+               } else {
+                       /* in secure state, user flags don't inhibit */
+                       mask &= ~(UF_IMMUTABLE | UF_APPEND);
+               }
+       }
+       KAUTH_DEBUG("IMMUTABLE - file flags 0x%x mask 0x%x append = %d ignore = %d", vap->va_flags, mask, append, ignore);
+       if ((vap->va_flags & mask) != 0)
+               return(EPERM);
+       return(0);
+}
+
+static int
+vauth_node_owner(struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_cred_t cred)
+{
+       int result;
+
+       /* default assumption is not-owner */
+       result = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * If the filesystem has given us a UID, we treat this as authoritative.
+        */
+       if (vap && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_uid)) {
+               result = (vap->va_uid == kauth_cred_getuid(cred)) ? 1 : 0;
+       }
+       /* we could test the owner UUID here if we had a policy for it */
+       
+       return(result);
+}
+
+/*
+ * vauth_node_group
+ *
+ * Description:        Ask if a cred is a member of the group owning the vnode object
+ *
+ * Parameters:         vap             vnode attribute
+ *                             vap->va_gid     group owner of vnode object
+ *                     cred            credential to check
+ *                     ismember        pointer to where to put the answer
+ *                     idontknow       Return this if we can't get an answer
+ *
+ * Returns:            0               Success
+ *                     idontknow       Can't get information
+ *     kauth_cred_ismember_gid:?       Error from kauth subsystem
+ *     kauth_cred_ismember_gid:?       Error from kauth subsystem
+ */
+static int
+vauth_node_group(struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_cred_t cred, int *ismember, int idontknow)
+{
+       int     error;
+       int     result;
+
+       error = 0;
+       result = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * The caller is expected to have asked the filesystem for a group
+        * at some point prior to calling this function.  The answer may
+        * have been that there is no group ownership supported for the
+        * vnode object, in which case we return
+        */
+       if (vap && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_gid)) {
+               error = kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, vap->va_gid, &result);
+               /*
+                * Credentials which are opted into external group membership
+                * resolution which are not known to the external resolver
+                * will result in an ENOENT error.  We translate this into
+                * the appropriate 'idontknow' response for our caller.
+                *
+                * XXX We do not make a distinction here between an ENOENT
+                * XXX arising from a response from the external resolver,
+                * XXX and an ENOENT which is internally generated.  This is
+                * XXX a deficiency of the published kauth_cred_ismember_gid()
+                * XXX KPI which can not be overcome without new KPI.  For
+                * XXX all currently known cases, however, this wil result
+                * XXX in correct behaviour.
+                */
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       error = idontknow;
+       }
+       /*
+        * XXX We could test the group UUID here if we had a policy for it,
+        * XXX but this is problematic from the perspective of synchronizing
+        * XXX group UUID and POSIX GID ownership of a file and keeping the
+        * XXX values coherent over time.  The problem is that the local
+        * XXX system will vend transient group UUIDs for unknown POSIX GID
+        * XXX values, and these are not persistent, whereas storage of values
+        * XXX is persistent.  One potential solution to this is a local
+        * XXX (persistent) replica of remote directory entries and vended
+        * XXX local ids in a local directory server (think in terms of a
+        * XXX caching DNS server).
+        */
+
+       if (!error)
+               *ismember = result;
+       return(error);
+}
+
+static int
+vauth_file_owner(vauth_ctx vcp)
+{
+       int result;
+
+       if (vcp->flags_valid & _VAC_IS_OWNER) {
+               result = (vcp->flags & _VAC_IS_OWNER) ? 1 : 0;
+       } else {
+               result = vauth_node_owner(vcp->vap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred);
+
+               /* cache our result */
+               vcp->flags_valid |= _VAC_IS_OWNER;
+               if (result) {
+                       vcp->flags |= _VAC_IS_OWNER;
+               } else {
+                       vcp->flags &= ~_VAC_IS_OWNER;
+               }
+       }
+       return(result);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * vauth_file_ingroup
+ *
+ * Description:        Ask if a user is a member of the group owning the directory
+ *
+ * Parameters:         vcp             The vnode authorization context that
+ *                                     contains the user and directory info
+ *                             vcp->flags_valid        Valid flags
+ *                             vcp->flags              Flags values
+ *                             vcp->vap                File vnode attributes
+ *                             vcp->ctx                VFS Context (for user)
+ *                     ismember        pointer to where to put the answer
+ *                     idontknow       Return this if we can't get an answer
+ *
+ * Returns:            0               Success
+ *             vauth_node_group:?      Error from vauth_node_group()
+ *
+ * Implicit returns:   *ismember       0       The user is not a group member
+ *                                     1       The user is a group member
+ */
+static int
+vauth_file_ingroup(vauth_ctx vcp, int *ismember, int idontknow)
+{
+       int     error;
+
+       /* Check for a cached answer first, to avoid the check if possible */
+       if (vcp->flags_valid & _VAC_IN_GROUP) {
+               *ismember = (vcp->flags & _VAC_IN_GROUP) ? 1 : 0;
+               error = 0;
+       } else {
+               /* Otherwise, go look for it */
+               error = vauth_node_group(vcp->vap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred, ismember, idontknow);
+
+               if (!error) {
+                       /* cache our result */
+                       vcp->flags_valid |= _VAC_IN_GROUP;
+                       if (*ismember) {
+                               vcp->flags |= _VAC_IN_GROUP;
+                       } else {
+                               vcp->flags &= ~_VAC_IN_GROUP;
+                       }
+               }
+               
+       }
+       return(error);
+}
+
+static int
+vauth_dir_owner(vauth_ctx vcp)
+{
+       int result;
+
+       if (vcp->flags_valid & _VAC_IS_DIR_OWNER) {
+               result = (vcp->flags & _VAC_IS_DIR_OWNER) ? 1 : 0;
+       } else {
+               result = vauth_node_owner(vcp->dvap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred);
+
+               /* cache our result */
+               vcp->flags_valid |= _VAC_IS_DIR_OWNER;
+               if (result) {
+                       vcp->flags |= _VAC_IS_DIR_OWNER;
+               } else {
+                       vcp->flags &= ~_VAC_IS_DIR_OWNER;
+               }
+       }
+       return(result);
+}
+
+/*
+ * vauth_dir_ingroup
+ *
+ * Description:        Ask if a user is a member of the group owning the directory
+ *
+ * Parameters:         vcp             The vnode authorization context that
+ *                                     contains the user and directory info
+ *                             vcp->flags_valid        Valid flags
+ *                             vcp->flags              Flags values
+ *                             vcp->dvap               Dir vnode attributes
+ *                             vcp->ctx                VFS Context (for user)
+ *                     ismember        pointer to where to put the answer
+ *                     idontknow       Return this if we can't get an answer
+ *
+ * Returns:            0               Success
+ *             vauth_node_group:?      Error from vauth_node_group()
+ *
+ * Implicit returns:   *ismember       0       The user is not a group member
+ *                                     1       The user is a group member
+ */
+static int
+vauth_dir_ingroup(vauth_ctx vcp, int *ismember, int idontknow)
+{
+       int     error;
+
+       /* Check for a cached answer first, to avoid the check if possible */
+       if (vcp->flags_valid & _VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP) {
+               *ismember = (vcp->flags & _VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP) ? 1 : 0;
+               error = 0;
+       } else {
+               /* Otherwise, go look for it */
+               error = vauth_node_group(vcp->dvap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred, ismember, idontknow);
+
+               if (!error) {
+                       /* cache our result */
+                       vcp->flags_valid |= _VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP;
+                       if (*ismember) {
+                               vcp->flags |= _VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP;
+                       } else {
+                               vcp->flags &= ~_VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       return(error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test the posix permissions in (vap) to determine whether (credential)
+ * may perform (action)
+ */
+static int
+vnode_authorize_posix(vauth_ctx vcp, int action, int on_dir)
+{
+       struct vnode_attr *vap;
+       int needed, error, owner_ok, group_ok, world_ok, ismember;
+#ifdef KAUTH_DEBUG_ENABLE
+       const char *where = "uninitialized";
+# define _SETWHERE(c)  where = c;
+#else
+# define _SETWHERE(c)
+#endif
+
+       /* checking file or directory? */
+       if (on_dir) {
+               vap = vcp->dvap;
+       } else {
+               vap = vcp->vap;
+       }
+       
+       error = 0;
+       
+       /*
+        * We want to do as little work here as possible.  So first we check
+        * which sets of permissions grant us the access we need, and avoid checking
+        * whether specific permissions grant access when more generic ones would.
+        */
+
+       /* owner permissions */
+       needed = 0;
+       if (action & VREAD)
+               needed |= S_IRUSR;
+       if (action & VWRITE)
+               needed |= S_IWUSR;
+       if (action & VEXEC)
+               needed |= S_IXUSR;
+       owner_ok = (needed & vap->va_mode) == needed;
+
+       /* group permissions */
+       needed = 0;
+       if (action & VREAD)
+               needed |= S_IRGRP;
+       if (action & VWRITE)
+               needed |= S_IWGRP;
+       if (action & VEXEC)
+               needed |= S_IXGRP;
+       group_ok = (needed & vap->va_mode) == needed;
+
+       /* world permissions */
+       needed = 0;
+       if (action & VREAD)
+               needed |= S_IROTH;
+       if (action & VWRITE)
+               needed |= S_IWOTH;
+       if (action & VEXEC)
+               needed |= S_IXOTH;
+       world_ok = (needed & vap->va_mode) == needed;
+
+       /* If granted/denied by all three, we're done */
+       if (owner_ok && group_ok && world_ok) {
+               _SETWHERE("all");
+               goto out;
+       }
+       if (!owner_ok && !group_ok && !world_ok) {
+               _SETWHERE("all");
+               error = EACCES;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /* Check ownership (relatively cheap) */
+       if ((on_dir && vauth_dir_owner(vcp)) ||
+           (!on_dir && vauth_file_owner(vcp))) {
+               _SETWHERE("user");
+               if (!owner_ok)
+                       error = EACCES;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /* Not owner; if group and world both grant it we're done */
+       if (group_ok && world_ok) {
+               _SETWHERE("group/world");
+               goto out;
+       }
+       if (!group_ok && !world_ok) {
+               _SETWHERE("group/world");
+               error = EACCES;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /* Check group membership (most expensive) */
+       ismember = 0;   /* Default to allow, if the target has no group owner */
+
+       /*
+        * In the case we can't get an answer about the user from the call to
+        * vauth_dir_ingroup() or vauth_file_ingroup(), we want to fail on
+        * the side of caution, rather than simply granting access, or we will
+        * fail to correctly implement exclusion groups, so we set the third
+        * parameter on the basis of the state of 'group_ok'.
+        */
+       if (on_dir) {
+               error = vauth_dir_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, (!group_ok ? EACCES : 0));
+       } else {
+               error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, (!group_ok ? EACCES : 0));
+       }
+       if (error) {
+               if (!group_ok)
+                       ismember = 1;
+               error = 0;
+       }
+       if (ismember) {
+               _SETWHERE("group");
+               if (!group_ok)
+                       error = EACCES;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /* Not owner, not in group, use world result */
+       _SETWHERE("world");
+       if (!world_ok)
+               error = EACCES;
+
+       /* FALLTHROUGH */
+
+out:
+       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    %s - posix %s permissions : need %s%s%s %x have %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s UID = %d file = %d,%d",
+           vcp->vp, (error == 0) ? "ALLOWED" : "DENIED", where,
+           (action & VREAD)  ? "r" : "-",
+           (action & VWRITE) ? "w" : "-",
+           (action & VEXEC)  ? "x" : "-",
+           needed,
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IRUSR) ? "r" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IWUSR) ? "w" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IXUSR) ? "x" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IRGRP) ? "r" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IWGRP) ? "w" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IXGRP) ? "x" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IROTH) ? "r" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IWOTH) ? "w" : "-",
+           (vap->va_mode & S_IXOTH) ? "x" : "-",
+           kauth_cred_getuid(vcp->ctx->vc_ucred),
+           on_dir ? vcp->dvap->va_uid : vcp->vap->va_uid,
+           on_dir ? vcp->dvap->va_gid : vcp->vap->va_gid);
+       return(error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Authorize the deletion of the node vp from the directory dvp.
+ *
+ * We assume that:
+ * - Neither the node nor the directory are immutable.
+ * - The user is not the superuser.
+ *
+ * Deletion is not permitted if the directory is sticky and the caller is
+ * not owner of the node or directory.
+ *
+ * If either the node grants DELETE, or the directory grants DELETE_CHILD,
+ * the node may be deleted.  If neither denies the permission, and the
+ * caller has Posix write access to the directory, then the node may be
+ * deleted.
+ *
+ * As an optimization, we cache whether or not delete child is permitted
+ * on directories without the sticky bit set.
+ */
+int
+vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp, boolean_t cached_delete_child);
+/*static*/ int
+vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp, boolean_t cached_delete_child)
+{
+       struct vnode_attr       *vap = vcp->vap;
+       struct vnode_attr       *dvap = vcp->dvap;
+       kauth_cred_t            cred = vcp->ctx->vc_ucred;
+       struct kauth_acl_eval   eval;
+       int                     error, delete_denied, delete_child_denied, ismember;
+
+       /* check the ACL on the directory */
+       delete_child_denied = 0;
+       if (!cached_delete_child && VATTR_IS_NOT(dvap, va_acl, NULL)) {
+               eval.ae_requested = KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD;
+               eval.ae_acl = &dvap->va_acl->acl_ace[0];
+               eval.ae_count = dvap->va_acl->acl_entrycount;
+               eval.ae_options = 0;
+               if (vauth_dir_owner(vcp))
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IS_OWNER;
+               /*
+                * We use ENOENT as a marker to indicate we could not get
+                * information in order to delay evaluation until after we
+                * have the ACL evaluation answer.  Previously, we would
+                * always deny the operation at this point.
+                */
+               if ((error = vauth_dir_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, ENOENT)) != 0 && error != ENOENT)
+                       return(error);
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP_UNKNOWN;
+               else if (ismember)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP;
+               eval.ae_exp_gall = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_ALL_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gread = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_READ_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gwrite = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_WRITE_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gexec = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_EXECUTE_BITS;
+
+               /*
+                * If there is no entry, we are going to defer to other
+                * authorization mechanisms.
+                */
+               error = kauth_acl_evaluate(cred, &eval);
+
+               if (error != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ERROR during ACL processing - %d", vcp->vp, error);
+                       return(error);
+               }
+               switch(eval.ae_result) {
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DENY:
+                       delete_child_denied = 1;
+                       break;
+                       /* FALLSTHROUGH */
+                case KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW:
+                        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - granted by directory ACL", vcp->vp);
+                        return(0);
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER:
+               default:
+                       /* Effectively the same as !delete_child_denied */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DEFERRED - directory ACL", vcp->vp);
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* check the ACL on the node */
+       delete_denied = 0;
+       if (VATTR_IS_NOT(vap, va_acl, NULL)) {
+               eval.ae_requested = KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE;
+               eval.ae_acl = &vap->va_acl->acl_ace[0];
+               eval.ae_count = vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount;
+               eval.ae_options = 0;
+               if (vauth_file_owner(vcp))
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IS_OWNER;
+               /*
+                * We use ENOENT as a marker to indicate we could not get
+                * information in order to delay evaluation until after we
+                * have the ACL evaluation answer.  Previously, we would
+                * always deny the operation at this point.
+                */
+               if ((error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, ENOENT)) != 0 && error != ENOENT)
+                       return(error);
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP_UNKNOWN;
+               else if (ismember)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP;
+               eval.ae_exp_gall = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_ALL_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gread = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_READ_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gwrite = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_WRITE_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gexec = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_EXECUTE_BITS;
+
+               if ((error = kauth_acl_evaluate(cred, &eval)) != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ERROR during ACL processing - %d", vcp->vp, error);
+                       return(error);
+               }
+
+               switch(eval.ae_result) {
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DENY:
+                       delete_denied = 1;
+                       break;
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW:
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - granted by file ACL", vcp->vp);
+                       return(0);
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER:
+               default:
+                       /* Effectively the same as !delete_child_denied */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DEFERRED%s - by file ACL", vcp->vp, delete_denied ? "(DENY)" : "");
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* if denied by ACL on directory or node, return denial */
+       if (delete_denied || delete_child_denied) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - denied by ACL", vcp->vp);
+               return(EACCES);
+       }
+
+       /* enforce sticky bit behaviour */
+       if ((dvap->va_mode & S_ISTXT) && !vauth_file_owner(vcp) && !vauth_dir_owner(vcp)) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - sticky bit rules (user %d  file %d  dir %d)",
+                   vcp->vp, cred->cr_posix.cr_uid, vap->va_uid, dvap->va_uid);
+               return(EACCES);
+       }
+
+       /* check the directory */
+       if (!cached_delete_child && (error = vnode_authorize_posix(vcp, VWRITE, 1 /* on_dir */)) != 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - denied by posix permisssions", vcp->vp);
+               return(error);
+       }
+
+       /* not denied, must be OK */
+       return(0);
+}
+       
+
+/*
+ * Authorize an operation based on the node's attributes.
+ */
+static int
+vnode_authorize_simple(vauth_ctx vcp, kauth_ace_rights_t acl_rights, kauth_ace_rights_t preauth_rights, boolean_t *found_deny)
+{
+       struct vnode_attr       *vap = vcp->vap;
+       kauth_cred_t            cred = vcp->ctx->vc_ucred;
+       struct kauth_acl_eval   eval;
+       int                     error, ismember;
+       mode_t                  posix_action;
+
+       /*
+        * If we are the file owner, we automatically have some rights.
+        *
+        * Do we need to expand this to support group ownership?
+        */
+       if (vauth_file_owner(vcp))
+               acl_rights &= ~(KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY);
+
+       /*
+        * If we are checking both TAKE_OWNERSHIP and WRITE_SECURITY, we can
+        * mask the latter.  If TAKE_OWNERSHIP is requested the caller is about to
+        * change ownership to themselves, and WRITE_SECURITY is implicitly
+        * granted to the owner.  We need to do this because at this point
+        * WRITE_SECURITY may not be granted as the caller is not currently
+        * the owner.
+        */
+       if ((acl_rights & KAUTH_VNODE_TAKE_OWNERSHIP) &&
+           (acl_rights & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY))
+               acl_rights &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+       
+       if (acl_rights == 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - implicit or no rights required", vcp->vp);
+               return(0);
+       }
+
+       /* if we have an ACL, evaluate it */
+       if (VATTR_IS_NOT(vap, va_acl, NULL)) {
+               eval.ae_requested = acl_rights;
+               eval.ae_acl = &vap->va_acl->acl_ace[0];
+               eval.ae_count = vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount;
+               eval.ae_options = 0;
+               if (vauth_file_owner(vcp))
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IS_OWNER;
+               /*
+                * We use ENOENT as a marker to indicate we could not get
+                * information in order to delay evaluation until after we
+                * have the ACL evaluation answer.  Previously, we would
+                * always deny the operation at this point.
+                */
+               if ((error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, ENOENT)) != 0 && error != ENOENT)
+                       return(error);
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP_UNKNOWN;
+               else if (ismember)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP;
+               eval.ae_exp_gall = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_ALL_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gread = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_READ_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gwrite = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_WRITE_BITS;
+               eval.ae_exp_gexec = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_EXECUTE_BITS;
+               
+               if ((error = kauth_acl_evaluate(cred, &eval)) != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ERROR during ACL processing - %d", vcp->vp, error);
+                       return(error);
+               }
+               
+               switch(eval.ae_result) {
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DENY:
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - by ACL", vcp->vp);
+                       return(EACCES);         /* deny, deny, counter-allege */
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW:
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - all rights granted by ACL", vcp->vp);
+                       return(0);
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER:
+               default:
+                       /* Effectively the same as !delete_child_denied */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DEFERRED - directory ACL", vcp->vp);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               *found_deny = eval.ae_found_deny;
+
+               /* fall through and evaluate residual rights */
+       } else {
+               /* no ACL, everything is residual */
+               eval.ae_residual = acl_rights;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Grant residual rights that have been pre-authorized.
+        */
+       eval.ae_residual &= ~preauth_rights;
+
+       /*
+        * We grant WRITE_ATTRIBUTES to the owner if it hasn't been denied.
+        */
+       if (vauth_file_owner(vcp))
+               eval.ae_residual &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES;
+       
+       if (eval.ae_residual == 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - rights already authorized", vcp->vp);
+               return(0);
+       }               
+       
+       /*
+        * Bail if we have residual rights that can't be granted by posix permissions,
+        * or aren't presumed granted at this point.
+        *
+        * XXX these can be collapsed for performance
+        */
+       if (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_CHANGE_OWNER) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - CHANGE_OWNER not permitted", vcp->vp);
+               return(EACCES);
+       }
+       if (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - WRITE_SECURITY not permitted", vcp->vp);
+               return(EACCES);
+       }
+
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       if (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE)
+               panic("vnode_authorize: can't be checking delete permission here");
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * Compute the fallback posix permissions that will satisfy the remaining
+        * rights.
+        */
+       posix_action = 0;
+       if (eval.ae_residual & (KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_LIST_DIRECTORY |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES))
+               posix_action |= VREAD;
+       if (eval.ae_residual & (KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES))
+               posix_action |= VWRITE;
+       if (eval.ae_residual & (KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE |
+               KAUTH_VNODE_SEARCH))
+               posix_action |= VEXEC;
+       
+       if (posix_action != 0) {
+               return(vnode_authorize_posix(vcp, posix_action, 0 /* !on_dir */));
+       } else {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - residual rights %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s granted due to no posix mapping",
+                   vcp->vp,
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA)
+                   ? vnode_isdir(vcp->vp) ? " LIST_DIRECTORY" : " READ_DATA" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA)
+                   ? vnode_isdir(vcp->vp) ? " ADD_FILE" : " WRITE_DATA" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE)
+                   ? vnode_isdir(vcp->vp) ? " SEARCH" : " EXECUTE" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE)
+                   ? " DELETE" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_APPEND_DATA)
+                   ? vnode_isdir(vcp->vp) ? " ADD_SUBDIRECTORY" : " APPEND_DATA" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD)
+                   ? " DELETE_CHILD" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_ATTRIBUTES)
+                   ? " READ_ATTRIBUTES" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES)
+                   ? " WRITE_ATTRIBUTES" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES)
+                   ? " READ_EXTATTRIBUTES" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES)
+                   ? " WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_SECURITY)
+                   ? " READ_SECURITY" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY)
+                   ? " WRITE_SECURITY" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE)
+                   ? " CHECKIMMUTABLE" : "",
+                   (eval.ae_residual & KAUTH_VNODE_CHANGE_OWNER)
+                   ? " CHANGE_OWNER" : "");
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Lack of required Posix permissions implies no reason to deny access.
+        */
+       return(0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check for file immutability.
+ */
+static int
+vnode_authorize_checkimmutable(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int rights, int ignore)
+{
+       mount_t mp;
+       int error;
+       int append;
+
+       /*
+        * Perform immutability checks for operations that change data.
+        *
+        * Sockets, fifos and devices require special handling.
+        */
+       switch(vp->v_type) {
+       case VSOCK:
+       case VFIFO:
+       case VBLK:
+       case VCHR:
+               /*
+                * Writing to these nodes does not change the filesystem data,
+                * so forget that it's being tried.
+                */
+               rights &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA;
+               break;
+       default:
+               break;
+       }
+
+       error = 0;
+       if (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_RIGHTS) {
+               
+               /* check per-filesystem options if possible */
+               mp = vp->v_mount;
+               if (mp != NULL) {
+       
+                       /* check for no-EA filesystems */
+                       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES) &&
+                           (vfs_flags(mp) & MNT_NOUSERXATTR)) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - filesystem disallowed extended attributes", vp);
+                               error = EACCES;  /* User attributes disabled */
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* 
+                * check for file immutability. first, check if the requested rights are 
+                * allowable for a UF_APPEND file.
+                */
+               append = 0;
+               if (vp->v_type == VDIR) {
+                       if ((rights & (KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE | KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES)) == rights)
+                               append = 1;
+               } else {
+                       if ((rights & (KAUTH_VNODE_APPEND_DATA | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES)) == rights)
+                               append = 1;
+               }
+               if ((error = vnode_immutable(vap, append, ignore)) != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - file is immutable", vp);
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+out:
+       return(error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Handle authorization actions for filesystems that advertise that the
+ * server will be enforcing.
+ *
+ * Returns:    0                       Authorization should be handled locally
+ *             1                       Authorization was handled by the FS
+ *
+ * Note:       Imputed returns will only occur if the authorization request
+ *             was handled by the FS.
+ *
+ * Imputed:    *resultp, modified      Return code from FS when the request is
+ *                                     handled by the FS.
+ *             VNOP_ACCESS:???
+ *             VNOP_OPEN:???
+ */
+static int
+vnode_authorize_opaque(vnode_t vp, int *resultp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       int     error;
+
+       /*
+        * If the vp is a device node, socket or FIFO it actually represents a local
+        * endpoint, so we need to handle it locally.
+        */
+       switch(vp->v_type) {
+       case VBLK:
+       case VCHR:
+       case VSOCK:
+       case VFIFO:
+               return(0);
+       default:
+               break;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * In the advisory request case, if the filesystem doesn't think it's reliable
+        * we will attempt to formulate a result ourselves based on VNOP_GETATTR data.
+        */
+       if ((action & KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS) && !vfs_authopaqueaccess(vp->v_mount))
+               return(0);
+
+       /*
+        * Let the filesystem have a say in the matter.  It's OK for it to not implemnent
+        * VNOP_ACCESS, as most will authorise inline with the actual request.
+        */
+       if ((error = VNOP_ACCESS(vp, action, ctx)) != ENOTSUP) {
+               *resultp = error;
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - opaque filesystem VNOP_ACCESS denied access", vp);
+               return(1);
+       }
+       
+       /*
+        * Typically opaque filesystems do authorisation in-line, but exec is a special case.  In
+        * order to be reasonably sure that exec will be permitted, we try a bit harder here.
+        */
+       if ((action & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE) && (vp->v_type == VREG)) {
+               /* try a VNOP_OPEN for readonly access */
+               if ((error = VNOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, ctx)) != 0) {
+                       *resultp = error;
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - EXECUTE denied because file could not be opened readonly", vp);
+                       return(1);
+               }
+               VNOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, ctx);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * We don't have any reason to believe that the request has to be denied at this point,
+        * so go ahead and allow it.
+        */
+       *resultp = 0;
+       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - bypassing access check for non-local filesystem", vp);
+       return(1);
+}
+
+
+
+
+/*
+ * Returns:    KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW
+ *             KAUTH_RESULT_DENY
+ *
+ * Imputed:    *arg3, modified         Error code in the deny case
+ *             EROFS                   Read-only file system
+ *             EACCES                  Permission denied
+ *             EPERM                   Operation not permitted [no execute]
+ *     vnode_getattr:ENOMEM            Not enough space [only if has filesec]
+ *     vnode_getattr:???
+ *     vnode_authorize_opaque:*arg2    ???
+ *     vnode_authorize_checkimmutable:???
+ *     vnode_authorize_delete:???
+ *     vnode_authorize_simple:???
+ */
+
+
+static int
+vnode_authorize_callback(kauth_cred_t cred, void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+                        uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3)
+{
+       vfs_context_t   ctx;
+       vnode_t         cvp = NULLVP;
+       vnode_t         vp, dvp;
+       int             result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
+       int             parent_iocount = 0;
+       int             parent_action; /* In case we need to use namedstream's data fork for cached rights*/
+
+       ctx = (vfs_context_t)arg0;
+       vp = (vnode_t)arg1;
+       dvp = (vnode_t)arg2;
+
+       /*
+        * if there are 2 vnodes passed in, we don't know at
+        * this point which rights to look at based on the 
+        * combined action being passed in... defer until later...
+        * otherwise check the kauth 'rights' cache hung
+        * off of the vnode we're interested in... if we've already
+        * been granted the right we're currently interested in,
+        * we can just return success... otherwise we'll go through
+        * the process of authorizing the requested right(s)... if that
+        * succeeds, we'll add the right(s) to the cache.
+        * VNOP_SETATTR and VNOP_SETXATTR will invalidate this cache
+        */
+        if (dvp && vp)
+               goto defer;
+       if (dvp) {
+               cvp = dvp;
+       } else {
+               /* 
+                * For named streams on local-authorization volumes, rights are cached on the parent;
+                * authorization is determined by looking at the parent's properties anyway, so storing
+                * on the parent means that we don't recompute for the named stream and that if 
+                * we need to flush rights (e.g. on VNOP_SETATTR()) we don't need to track down the
+                * stream to flush its cache separately.  If we miss in the cache, then we authorize
+                * as if there were no cached rights (passing the named stream vnode and desired rights to 
+                * vnode_authorize_callback_int()).
+                *
+                * On an opaquely authorized volume, we don't know the relationship between the 
+                * data fork's properties and the rights granted on a stream.  Thus, named stream vnodes
+                * on such a volume are authorized directly (rather than using the parent) and have their
+                * own caches.  When a named stream vnode is created, we mark the parent as having a named
+                * stream. On a VNOP_SETATTR() for the parent that may invalidate cached authorization, we 
+                * find the stream and flush its cache.
+                */
+               if (vnode_isnamedstream(vp) && (!vfs_authopaque(vp->v_mount))) {
+                       cvp = vnode_getparent(vp);
+                       if (cvp != NULLVP) {
+                               parent_iocount = 1;
+                       } else {
+                               cvp = NULL;
+                               goto defer; /* If we can't use the parent, take the slow path */
+                       }
+
+                       /* Have to translate some actions */
+                       parent_action = action;
+                       if (parent_action & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA) {
+                               parent_action &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
+                               parent_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES;
+                       }
+                       if (parent_action & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA) {
+                               parent_action &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA;
+                               parent_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES;
+                       }
+
+               } else {
+                       cvp = vp;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (vnode_cache_is_authorized(cvp, ctx, parent_iocount ? parent_action : action) == TRUE) {
+               result = KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW;
+               goto out;
+       }
+defer:
+        result = vnode_authorize_callback_int(cred, idata, action, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3);
+
+       if (result == KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW && cvp != NULLVP) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p - caching action = %x", cvp, action);
+               vnode_cache_authorized_action(cvp, ctx, action);
+       }
+
+out:
+       if (parent_iocount) {
+               vnode_put(cvp);
+       }
+
+       return result;
+}
+
+
+static int
+vnode_authorize_callback_int(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+    uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3)
+{
+       struct _vnode_authorize_context auth_context;
+       vauth_ctx               vcp;
+       vfs_context_t           ctx;
+       vnode_t                 vp, dvp;
+       kauth_cred_t            cred;
+       kauth_ace_rights_t      rights;
+       struct vnode_attr       va, dva;
+       int                     result;
+       int                     *errorp;
+       int                     noimmutable;
+       boolean_t               parent_authorized_for_delete_child = FALSE;
+       boolean_t               found_deny = FALSE;
+       boolean_t               parent_ref= FALSE;
+
+       vcp = &auth_context;
+       ctx = vcp->ctx = (vfs_context_t)arg0;
+       vp = vcp->vp = (vnode_t)arg1;
+       dvp = vcp->dvp = (vnode_t)arg2;
+       errorp = (int *)arg3;
+       /*
+        * Note that we authorize against the context, not the passed cred
+        * (the same thing anyway)
+        */
+       cred = ctx->vc_ucred;
+
+       VATTR_INIT(&va);
+       vcp->vap = &va;
+       VATTR_INIT(&dva);
+       vcp->dvap = &dva;
+
+       vcp->flags = vcp->flags_valid = 0;
+
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       if ((ctx == NULL) || (vp == NULL) || (cred == NULL))
+               panic("vnode_authorize: bad arguments (context %p  vp %p  cred %p)", ctx, vp, cred);
+#endif
+
+       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p  AUTH - %s %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s on %s '%s' (0x%x:%p/%p)",
+           vp, vfs_context_proc(ctx)->p_comm,
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS)               ? "access" : "auth",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA)            ? vnode_isdir(vp) ? " LIST_DIRECTORY" : " READ_DATA" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA)           ? vnode_isdir(vp) ? " ADD_FILE" : " WRITE_DATA" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE)              ? vnode_isdir(vp) ? " SEARCH" : " EXECUTE" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE)               ? " DELETE" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_APPEND_DATA)          ? vnode_isdir(vp) ? " ADD_SUBDIRECTORY" : " APPEND_DATA" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD)         ? " DELETE_CHILD" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_ATTRIBUTES)      ? " READ_ATTRIBUTES" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES)     ? " WRITE_ATTRIBUTES" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES)   ? " READ_EXTATTRIBUTES" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES)  ? " WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_SECURITY)        ? " READ_SECURITY" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY)       ? " WRITE_SECURITY" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_CHANGE_OWNER)         ? " CHANGE_OWNER" : "",
+           (action & KAUTH_VNODE_NOIMMUTABLE)          ? " (noimmutable)" : "",
+           vnode_isdir(vp) ? "directory" : "file",
+           vp->v_name ? vp->v_name : "<NULL>", action, vp, dvp);
+
+       /*
+        * Extract the control bits from the action, everything else is
+        * requested rights.
+        */
+       noimmutable = (action & KAUTH_VNODE_NOIMMUTABLE) ? 1 : 0;
+       rights = action & ~(KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_NOIMMUTABLE);
+       if (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) {
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+               if (dvp == NULL)
+                       panic("vnode_authorize: KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE test requires a directory");
+#endif
+               /*
+                * check to see if we've already authorized the parent
+                * directory for deletion of its children... if so, we
+                * can skip a whole bunch of work... we will still have to
+                * authorize that this specific child can be removed
+                */
+               if (vnode_cache_is_authorized(dvp, ctx, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD) == TRUE)
+                       parent_authorized_for_delete_child = TRUE;
+       } else {
+               dvp = NULL;
+       }
+       
+       /*
+        * Check for read-only filesystems.
+        */
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_RIGHTS) &&
+           (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) &&
+           ((vp->v_type == VREG) || (vp->v_type == VDIR) || 
+            (vp->v_type == VLNK) || (vp->v_type == VCPLX) || 
+            (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) || (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD))) {
+               result = EROFS;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Check for noexec filesystems.
+        */
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE) && (vp->v_type == VREG) && (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC)) {
+               result = EACCES;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Handle cases related to filesystems with non-local enforcement.
+        * This call can return 0, in which case we will fall through to perform a
+        * check based on VNOP_GETATTR data.  Otherwise it returns 1 and sets
+        * an appropriate result, at which point we can return immediately.
+        */
+       if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE) && vnode_authorize_opaque(vp, &result, action, ctx))
+               goto out;
+
+       /*
+        * Get vnode attributes and extended security information for the vnode
+        * and directory if required.
+        */
+       VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_mode);
+       VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_uid);
+       VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_gid);
+       VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_flags);
+       VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_acl);
+       if ((result = vnode_getattr(vp, &va, ctx)) != 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ERROR - failed to get vnode attributes - %d", vp, result);
+               goto out;
+       }
+       if (dvp) {
+               VATTR_WANTED(&dva, va_mode);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&dva, va_uid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&dva, va_gid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&dva, va_flags);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&dva, va_acl);
+               if ((result = vnode_getattr(dvp, &dva, ctx)) != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ERROR - failed to get directory vnode attributes - %d", vp, result);
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * If the vnode is an extended attribute data vnode (eg. a resource fork), *_DATA becomes
+        * *_EXTATTRIBUTES.
+        */
+       if (vnode_isnamedstream(vp)) {
+               if (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA) {
+                       rights &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
+                       rights |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES;
+               }
+               if (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA) {
+                       rights &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA;
+                       rights |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Point 'vp' to the resource fork's parent for ACL checking
+        */
+       if (vnode_isnamedstream(vp) &&
+           (vp->v_parent != NULL) &&
+           (vget_internal(vp->v_parent, 0, VNODE_NODEAD | VNODE_DRAINO) == 0)) {
+               parent_ref = TRUE;
+               vcp->vp = vp = vp->v_parent;
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_acl) && (va.va_acl != NULL))
+                       kauth_acl_free(va.va_acl);
+               VATTR_INIT(&va);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_mode);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_uid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_gid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_flags);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_acl);
+               if ((result = vnode_getattr(vp, &va, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Check for immutability.
+        *
+        * In the deletion case, parent directory immutability vetoes specific
+        * file rights.
+        */
+       if ((result = vnode_authorize_checkimmutable(vp, &va, rights, noimmutable)) != 0)
+               goto out;
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) &&
+           parent_authorized_for_delete_child == FALSE &&
+           ((result = vnode_authorize_checkimmutable(dvp, &dva, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD, 0)) != 0))
+               goto out;
+
+       /*
+        * Clear rights that have been authorized by reaching this point, bail if nothing left to
+        * check.
+        */
+       rights &= ~(KAUTH_VNODE_LINKTARGET | KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE);
+       if (rights == 0)
+               goto out;
+
+       /*
+        * If we're not the superuser, authorize based on file properties;
+        * note that even if parent_authorized_for_delete_child is TRUE, we
+        * need to check on the node itself.
+        */
+       if (!vfs_context_issuser(ctx)) {
+               /* process delete rights */
+               if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) &&
+                   ((result = vnode_authorize_delete(vcp, parent_authorized_for_delete_child)) != 0))
+                   goto out;
+
+               /* process remaining rights */
+               if ((rights & ~KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) &&
+                   (result = vnode_authorize_simple(vcp, rights, rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, &found_deny)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       } else {
+
+               /*
+                * Execute is only granted to root if one of the x bits is set.  This check only
+                * makes sense if the posix mode bits are actually supported.
+                */
+               if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE) &&
+                   (vp->v_type == VREG) &&
+                   VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_mode) &&
+                   !(va.va_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))) {
+                       result = EPERM;
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - root execute requires at least one x bit in 0x%x", vp, va.va_mode);
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - caller is superuser", vp);
+       }
+out:
+       if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_acl) && (va.va_acl != NULL))
+               kauth_acl_free(va.va_acl);
+       if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&dva, va_acl) && (dva.va_acl != NULL))
+               kauth_acl_free(dva.va_acl);
+
+       if (result) {
+               if (parent_ref)
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+               *errorp = result;
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - auth denied", vp);
+               return(KAUTH_RESULT_DENY);
+       }
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_SEARCH) && found_deny == FALSE && vp->v_type == VDIR) {
+               /*
+                * if we were successfully granted the right to search this directory
+                * and there were NO ACL DENYs for search and the posix permissions also don't
+                * deny execute, we can synthesize a global right that allows anyone to 
+                * traverse this directory during a pathname lookup without having to
+                * match the credential associated with this cache of rights.
+                */
+               if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_mode) ||
+                   ((va.va_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)) ==
+                    (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))) {
+                       vnode_cache_authorized_action(vp, ctx, KAUTH_VNODE_SEARCHBYANYONE);
+               }
+       }
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) && parent_authorized_for_delete_child == FALSE) {
+               /*
+                * parent was successfully and newly authorized for content deletions
+                * add it to the cache, but only if it doesn't have the sticky
+                * bit set on it.  This same  check is done earlier guarding
+                * fetching of dva, and if we jumped to out without having done
+                * this, we will have returned already because of a non-zero
+                * 'result' value.
+                */
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&dva, va_mode) &&
+                   !(dva.va_mode & (S_ISVTX))) {
+                       /* OK to cache delete rights */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p - caching DELETE_CHILD rights", dvp);
+                       vnode_cache_authorized_action(dvp, ctx, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD);
+               }
+       }
+       if (parent_ref)
+               vnode_put(vp);
+       /*
+        * Note that this implies that we will allow requests for no rights, as well as
+        * for rights that we do not recognise.  There should be none of these.
+        */
+       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - auth granted", vp);
+       return(KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW);
+}
+
+int 
+vnode_authattr_new(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       return vnode_authattr_new_internal(dvp, vap, noauth, NULL, ctx);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that the attribute information in vattr can be legally applied to
+ * a new file by the context.
+ */
+static int
+vnode_authattr_new_internal(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, uint32_t *defaulted_fieldsp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       int             error;
+       int             has_priv_suser, ismember, defaulted_owner, defaulted_group, defaulted_mode;
+       kauth_cred_t    cred;
+       guid_t          changer;
+       mount_t         dmp;
+
+       error = 0;
+
+       if (defaulted_fieldsp) {
+               *defaulted_fieldsp = 0;
+       }
+
+       defaulted_owner = defaulted_group = defaulted_mode = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Require that the filesystem support extended security to apply any.
+        */
+       if (!vfs_extendedsecurity(dvp->v_mount) &&
+           (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl) || VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid) || VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid))) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       
+       /*
+        * Default some fields.
+        */
+       dmp = dvp->v_mount;
+
+       /*
+        * If the filesystem is mounted IGNORE_OWNERSHIP and an explicit owner is set, that
+        * owner takes ownership of all new files.
+        */
+       if ((dmp->mnt_flag & MNT_IGNORE_OWNERSHIP) && (dmp->mnt_fsowner != KAUTH_UID_NONE)) {
+               VATTR_SET(vap, va_uid, dmp->mnt_fsowner);
+               defaulted_owner = 1;
+       } else {
+               if (!VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid)) {
+                       /* default owner is current user */
+                       VATTR_SET(vap, va_uid, kauth_cred_getuid(vfs_context_ucred(ctx)));
+                       defaulted_owner = 1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * If the filesystem is mounted IGNORE_OWNERSHIP and an explicit grouo is set, that
+        * group takes ownership of all new files.
+        */
+       if ((dmp->mnt_flag & MNT_IGNORE_OWNERSHIP) && (dmp->mnt_fsgroup != KAUTH_GID_NONE)) {
+               VATTR_SET(vap, va_gid, dmp->mnt_fsgroup);
+               defaulted_group = 1;
+       } else {
+               if (!VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid)) {
+                       /* default group comes from parent object, fallback to current user */
+                       struct vnode_attr dva;
+                       VATTR_INIT(&dva);
+                       VATTR_WANTED(&dva, va_gid);
+                       if ((error = vnode_getattr(dvp, &dva, ctx)) != 0)
+                               goto out;
+                       if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&dva, va_gid)) {
+                               VATTR_SET(vap, va_gid, dva.va_gid);
+                       } else {
+                               VATTR_SET(vap, va_gid, kauth_cred_getgid(vfs_context_ucred(ctx)));
+                       }
+                       defaulted_group = 1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (!VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_flags))
+               VATTR_SET(vap, va_flags, 0);
+       
+       /* default mode is everything, masked with current umask */
+       if (!VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode)) {
+               VATTR_SET(vap, va_mode, ACCESSPERMS & ~vfs_context_proc(ctx)->p_fd->fd_cmask);
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - defaulting new file mode to %o from umask %o", vap->va_mode, vfs_context_proc(ctx)->p_fd->fd_cmask);
+               defaulted_mode = 1;
+       }
+       /* set timestamps to now */
+       if (!VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_create_time)) {
+               nanotime(&vap->va_create_time);
+               VATTR_SET_ACTIVE(vap, va_create_time);
+       }
+       
+       /*
+        * Check for attempts to set nonsensical fields.
+        */
+       if (vap->va_active & ~VNODE_ATTR_NEWOBJ) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR - attempt to set unsupported new-file attributes %llx",
+                   vap->va_active & ~VNODE_ATTR_NEWOBJ);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Quickly check for the applicability of any enforcement here.
+        * Tests below maintain the integrity of the local security model.
+        */
+       if (vfs_authopaque(dvp->v_mount))
+           goto out;
+
+       /*
+        * We need to know if the caller is the superuser, or if the work is
+        * otherwise already authorised.
+        */
+       cred = vfs_context_ucred(ctx);
+       if (noauth) {
+               /* doing work for the kernel */
+               has_priv_suser = 1;
+       } else {
+               has_priv_suser = vfs_context_issuser(ctx);
+       }
+
+
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_flags)) {
+               if (has_priv_suser) {
+                       if ((vap->va_flags & (UF_SETTABLE | SF_SETTABLE)) != vap->va_flags) {
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - superuser attempt to set illegal flag(s)");
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       if ((vap->va_flags & UF_SETTABLE) != vap->va_flags) {
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - user attempt to set illegal flag(s)");
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* if not superuser, validate legality of new-item attributes */
+       if (!has_priv_suser) {
+               if (!defaulted_mode && VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode)) {
+                       /* setgid? */
+                       if (vap->va_mode & S_ISGID) {
+                               if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, vap->va_gid, &ismember)) != 0) {
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: got %d checking for membership in %d", error, vap->va_gid);
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                               if (!ismember) {
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - can't set SGID bit, not a member of %d", vap->va_gid);
+                                       error = EPERM;
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* setuid? */
+                       if ((vap->va_mode & S_ISUID) && (vap->va_uid != kauth_cred_getuid(cred))) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: illegal attempt to set the setuid bit");
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+               if (!defaulted_owner && (vap->va_uid != kauth_cred_getuid(cred))) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - cannot create new item owned by %d", vap->va_uid);
+                       error = EPERM;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               if (!defaulted_group) {
+                       if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, vap->va_gid, &ismember)) != 0) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d checking for membership in %d", error, vap->va_gid);
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       if (!ismember) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - cannot create new item with group %d - not a member", vap->va_gid);
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* initialising owner/group UUID */
+               if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid)) {
+                       if ((error = kauth_cred_getguid(cred, &changer)) != 0) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d trying to get caller UUID", error);
+                               /* XXX ENOENT here - no GUID - should perhaps become EPERM */
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       if (!kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &changer)) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot create item with supplied owner UUID - not us");
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+               if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid)) {
+                       if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_guid(cred, &vap->va_guuid, &ismember)) != 0) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d trying to check group membership", error);
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       if (!ismember) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot create item with supplied group UUID - not a member");
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+out:   
+       if (defaulted_fieldsp) {
+               if (defaulted_mode) {
+                       *defaulted_fieldsp |= VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_MODE;
+               }
+               if (defaulted_group) {
+                       *defaulted_fieldsp |= VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_GID;
+               }
+               if (defaulted_owner) {
+                       *defaulted_fieldsp |= VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_UID;
+               }
+       }
+       return(error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that the attribute information in vap can be legally written by the
+ * context.
+ *
+ * Call this when you're not sure about the vnode_attr; either its contents
+ * have come from an unknown source, or when they are variable.
+ *
+ * Returns errno, or zero and sets *actionp to the KAUTH_VNODE_* actions that
+ * must be authorized to be permitted to write the vattr.
+ */
+int
+vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct vnode_attr ova;
+       kauth_action_t  required_action;
+       int             error, has_priv_suser, ismember, chowner, chgroup, clear_suid, clear_sgid;
+       guid_t          changer;
+       gid_t           group;
+       uid_t           owner;
+       mode_t          newmode;
+       kauth_cred_t    cred;
+       uint32_t        fdelta;
+
+       VATTR_INIT(&ova);
+       required_action = 0;
+       error = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Quickly check for enforcement applicability.
+        */
+       if (vfs_authopaque(vp->v_mount))
+               goto out;
+       
+       /*
+        * Check for attempts to set nonsensical fields.
+        */
+       if (vap->va_active & VNODE_ATTR_RDONLY) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: attempt to set readonly attribute(s)");
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * We need to know if the caller is the superuser.
+        */
+       cred = vfs_context_ucred(ctx);
+       has_priv_suser = kauth_cred_issuser(cred);
+       
+       /*
+        * If any of the following are changing, we need information from the old file:
+        * va_uid
+        * va_gid
+        * va_mode
+        * va_uuuid
+        * va_guuid
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid)) {
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_mode);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_uid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_gid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_uuuid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_guuid);
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - security information changing, fetching existing attributes");
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * If timestamps are being changed, we need to know who the file is owned
+        * by.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_create_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_change_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_modify_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_access_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_backup_time)) {
+
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_uid);
+#if 0  /* enable this when we support UUIDs as official owners */
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_uuuid);
+#endif
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - timestamps changing, fetching uid and GUID");
+       }
+               
+       /*
+        * If flags are being changed, we need the old flags.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_flags)) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - flags changing, fetching old flags");
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_flags);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * If ACLs are being changed, we need the old ACLs.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - acl changing, fetching old flags");
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_acl);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * If the size is being set, make sure it's not a directory.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_data_size)) {
+               /* size is meaningless on a directory, don't permit this */
+               if (vnode_isdir(vp)) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: size change requested on a directory");
+                       error = EISDIR;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Get old data.
+        */
+       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - fetching old attributes %016llx", ova.va_active);
+       if ((error = vnode_getattr(vp, &ova, ctx)) != 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d trying to get attributes", error);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Size changes require write access to the file data.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_data_size)) {
+               /* if we can't get the size, or it's different, we need write access */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - size change, requiring WRITE_DATA");
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Changing timestamps?
+        *
+        * Note that we are only called to authorize user-requested time changes;
+        * side-effect time changes are not authorized.  Authorisation is only
+        * required for existing files.
+        *
+        * Non-owners are not permitted to change the time on an existing
+        * file to anything other than the current time.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_create_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_change_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_modify_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_access_time) ||
+           VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_backup_time)) {
+               /*
+                * The owner and root may set any timestamps they like,
+                * provided that the file is not immutable.  The owner still needs
+                * WRITE_ATTRIBUTES (implied by ownership but still deniable).
+                */
+               if (has_priv_suser || vauth_node_owner(&ova, cred)) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - root or owner changing timestamps");
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES;
+               } else {
+                       /* just setting the current time? */
+                       if (vap->va_vaflags & VA_UTIMES_NULL) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - non-root/owner changing timestamps, requiring WRITE_ATTRIBUTES");
+                               required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES;
+                       } else {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: illegal timestamp modification attempted");
+                               error = EACCES;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Changing file mode?
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode) && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_mode) && (ova.va_mode != vap->va_mode)) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - mode change from %06o to %06o", ova.va_mode, vap->va_mode);
+
+               /*
+                * Mode changes always have the same basic auth requirements.
+                */
+               if (has_priv_suser) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - superuser mode change, requiring immutability check");
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;
+               } else {
+                       /* need WRITE_SECURITY */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - non-superuser mode change, requiring WRITE_SECURITY");
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Can't set the setgid bit if you're not in the group and not root.  Have to have
+                * existing group information in the case we're not setting it right now.
+                */
+               if (vap->va_mode & S_ISGID) {
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;  /* always required */
+                       if (!has_priv_suser) {
+                               if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid)) {
+                                       group = vap->va_gid;
+                               } else if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_gid)) {
+                                       group = ova.va_gid;
+                               } else {
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: setgid but no gid available");
+                                       error = EINVAL;
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                               /*
+                                * This might be too restrictive; WRITE_SECURITY might be implied by
+                                * membership in this case, rather than being an additional requirement.
+                                */
+                               if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, group, &ismember)) != 0) {
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: got %d checking for membership in %d", error, vap->va_gid);
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                               if (!ismember) {
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - can't set SGID bit, not a member of %d", group);
+                                       error = EPERM;
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Can't set the setuid bit unless you're root or the file's owner.
+                */
+               if (vap->va_mode & S_ISUID) {
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;  /* always required */
+                       if (!has_priv_suser) {
+                               if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid)) {
+                                       owner = vap->va_uid;
+                               } else if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uid)) {
+                                       owner = ova.va_uid;
+                               } else {
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: setuid but no uid available");
+                                       error = EINVAL;
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                               if (owner != kauth_cred_getuid(cred)) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * We could allow this if WRITE_SECURITY is permitted, perhaps.
+                                        */
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ERROR: illegal attempt to set the setuid bit");
+                                       error = EPERM;
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+           
+       /*
+        * Validate/mask flags changes.  This checks that only the flags in
+        * the UF_SETTABLE mask are being set, and preserves the flags in
+        * the SF_SETTABLE case.
+        *
+        * Since flags changes may be made in conjunction with other changes,
+        * we will ask the auth code to ignore immutability in the case that
+        * the SF_* flags are not set and we are only manipulating the file flags.
+        * 
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_flags)) {
+               /* compute changing flags bits */
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_flags)) {
+                       fdelta = vap->va_flags ^ ova.va_flags;
+               } else {
+                       fdelta = vap->va_flags;
+               }
+
+               if (fdelta != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - flags changing, requiring WRITE_SECURITY");
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+
+                       /* check that changing bits are legal */
+                       if (has_priv_suser) {
+                               /*
+                                * The immutability check will prevent us from clearing the SF_*
+                                * flags unless the system securelevel permits it, so just check
+                                * for legal flags here.
+                                */
+                               if (fdelta & ~(UF_SETTABLE | SF_SETTABLE)) {
+                                       error = EPERM;
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - superuser attempt to set illegal flag(s)");
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               if (fdelta & ~UF_SETTABLE) {
+                                       error = EPERM;
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - user attempt to set illegal flag(s)");
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       /*
+                        * If the caller has the ability to manipulate file flags,
+                        * security is not reduced by ignoring them for this operation.
+                        *
+                        * A more complete test here would consider the 'after' states of the flags
+                        * to determine whether it would permit the operation, but this becomes
+                        * very complex.
+                        *
+                        * Ignoring immutability is conditional on securelevel; this does not bypass
+                        * the SF_* flags if securelevel > 0.
+                        */
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_NOIMMUTABLE;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Validate ownership information.
+        */
+       chowner = 0;
+       chgroup = 0;
+       clear_suid = 0;
+       clear_sgid = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * uid changing
+        * Note that if the filesystem didn't give us a UID, we expect that it doesn't
+        * support them in general, and will ignore it if/when we try to set it.
+        * We might want to clear the uid out of vap completely here.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid)) {
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uid) && (vap->va_uid != ova.va_uid)) {
+               if (!has_priv_suser && (kauth_cred_getuid(cred) != vap->va_uid)) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - non-superuser cannot change ownershipt to a third party");
+                       error = EPERM;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               chowner = 1;
+       }
+               clear_suid = 1;
+       }
+       
+       /*
+        * gid changing
+        * Note that if the filesystem didn't give us a GID, we expect that it doesn't
+        * support them in general, and will ignore it if/when we try to set it.
+        * We might want to clear the gid out of vap completely here.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid)) {
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_gid) && (vap->va_gid != ova.va_gid)) {
+               if (!has_priv_suser) {
+                       if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, vap->va_gid, &ismember)) != 0) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d checking for membership in %d", error, vap->va_gid);
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       if (!ismember) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - group change from %d to %d but not a member of target group",
+                                   ova.va_gid, vap->va_gid);
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+               chgroup = 1;
+       }
+               clear_sgid = 1;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Owner UUID being set or changed.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid)) {
+               /* if the owner UUID is not actually changing ... */
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uuuid)) {
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &ova.va_uuuid))
+                               goto no_uuuid_change;
+                       
+                       /*
+                        * If the current owner UUID is a null GUID, check
+                        * it against the UUID corresponding to the owner UID.
+                        */
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&ova.va_uuuid, &kauth_null_guid) &&
+                           VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uid)) {
+                               guid_t uid_guid;
+
+                               if (kauth_cred_uid2guid(ova.va_uid, &uid_guid) == 0 &&
+                                   kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &uid_guid))
+                                       goto no_uuuid_change;
+                       }
+               }
+               
+               /*
+                * The owner UUID cannot be set by a non-superuser to anything other than
+                * their own or a null GUID (to "unset" the owner UUID).
+                * Note that file systems must be prepared to handle the
+                * null UUID case in a manner appropriate for that file
+                * system.
+                */
+               if (!has_priv_suser) {
+                       if ((error = kauth_cred_getguid(cred, &changer)) != 0) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d trying to get caller UUID", error);
+                               /* XXX ENOENT here - no UUID - should perhaps become EPERM */
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       if (!kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &changer) &&
+                           !kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &kauth_null_guid)) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot set supplied owner UUID - not us / null");
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+               chowner = 1;
+               clear_suid = 1;
+       }
+no_uuuid_change:
+       /*
+        * Group UUID being set or changed.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid)) {
+               /* if the group UUID is not actually changing ... */
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_guuid)) {
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &ova.va_guuid))
+                               goto no_guuid_change;
+
+                       /*
+                        * If the current group UUID is a null UUID, check
+                        * it against the UUID corresponding to the group GID.
+                        */
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&ova.va_guuid, &kauth_null_guid) &&
+                           VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_gid)) {
+                               guid_t gid_guid;
+
+                               if (kauth_cred_gid2guid(ova.va_gid, &gid_guid) == 0 &&
+                                   kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &gid_guid))
+                                       goto no_guuid_change;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * The group UUID cannot be set by a non-superuser to anything other than
+                * one of which they are a member or a null GUID (to "unset"
+                * the group UUID).
+                * Note that file systems must be prepared to handle the
+                * null UUID case in a manner appropriate for that file
+                * system.
+                */
+               if (!has_priv_suser) {
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &kauth_null_guid))
+                               ismember = 1;
+                       else if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_guid(cred, &vap->va_guuid, &ismember)) != 0) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d trying to check group membership", error);
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       if (!ismember) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot set supplied group UUID - not a member / null");
+                               error = EPERM;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+               chgroup = 1;
+       }
+no_guuid_change:
+
+       /*
+        * Compute authorisation for group/ownership changes.
+        */
+       if (chowner || chgroup || clear_suid || clear_sgid) {
+               if (has_priv_suser) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - superuser changing file owner/group, requiring immutability check");
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;
+               } else {
+                       if (chowner) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - ownership change, requiring TAKE_OWNERSHIP");
+                               required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_TAKE_OWNERSHIP;
+                       }
+                       if (chgroup && !chowner) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - group change, requiring WRITE_SECURITY");
+                               required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+                       }
+                       
+                       /* clear set-uid and set-gid bits as required by Posix */
+                       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode)) {
+                               newmode = vap->va_mode;
+                       } else if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_mode)) {
+                               newmode = ova.va_mode;
+                       } else {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("CHOWN - trying to change owner but cannot get mode from filesystem to mask setugid bits");
+                               newmode = 0;
+                       }
+                       if (newmode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID)) {
+                               VATTR_SET(vap, va_mode, newmode & ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID));
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("CHOWN - masking setugid bits from mode %o to %o", newmode, vap->va_mode);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Authorise changes in the ACL.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
+
+               /* no existing ACL */
+               if (!VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(&ova, va_acl) || (ova.va_acl == NULL)) {
+
+                       /* adding an ACL */
+                       if (vap->va_acl != NULL) {
+                               required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("CHMOD - adding ACL");
+                       }
+
+                       /* removing an existing ACL */
+               } else if (vap->va_acl == NULL) {
+                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("CHMOD - removing ACL");
+
+                       /* updating an existing ACL */
+               } else {
+                       if (vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount != ova.va_acl->acl_entrycount) {
+                               /* entry count changed, must be different */
+                               required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("CHMOD - adding/removing ACL entries");
+                       } else if (vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount > 0) {
+                               /* both ACLs have the same ACE count, said count is 1 or more, bitwise compare ACLs */
+                               if (memcmp(&vap->va_acl->acl_ace[0], &ova.va_acl->acl_ace[0],
+                                       sizeof(struct kauth_ace) * vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount)) {
+                                       required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
+                                       KAUTH_DEBUG("CHMOD - changing ACL entries");
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Other attributes that require authorisation.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_encoding))
+               required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES;
+       
+out:
+       if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_acl) && (ova.va_acl != NULL))
+               kauth_acl_free(ova.va_acl);
+       if (error == 0)
+               *actionp = required_action;
+       return(error);
+}
+
+static int
+setlocklocal_callback(struct vnode *vp, __unused void *cargs)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return (VNODE_RETURNED);
+}
+
+void
+vfs_setlocklocal(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_lock_spin(mp);
+       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_LOCK_LOCAL;
+       mount_unlock(mp);
+
+       /*
+        * The number of active vnodes is expected to be
+        * very small when vfs_setlocklocal is invoked.
+        */
+       vnode_iterate(mp, 0, setlocklocal_callback, NULL);
+}
+
+void
+vfs_setunmountpreflight(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_lock_spin(mp);
+       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_UNMOUNT_PREFLIGHT;
+       mount_unlock(mp);
+}
+
+void
+vfs_setcompoundopen(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_lock_spin(mp);
+       mp->mnt_compound_ops |= COMPOUND_VNOP_OPEN;
+       mount_unlock(mp);
+}
+
+void
+vn_setunionwait(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       vp->v_flag |= VISUNION;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+}
+
+
+void
+vn_checkunionwait(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       while ((vp->v_flag & VISUNION) == VISUNION)
+               msleep((caddr_t)&vp->v_flag, &vp->v_lock, 0, 0, 0);
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+}
+
+void
+vn_clearunionwait(vnode_t vp, int locked)
+{
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if((vp->v_flag & VISUNION) == VISUNION) {
+               vp->v_flag &= ~VISUNION;
+               wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_flag);
+       }
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+}
+
+/*
+ * XXX - get "don't trigger mounts" flag for thread; used by autofs.
+ */
+extern int thread_notrigger(void);
+
+int
+thread_notrigger(void)
+{
+       struct uthread *uth = (struct uthread *)get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+       return (uth->uu_notrigger);
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Removes orphaned apple double files during a rmdir
+ * Works by:
+ * 1. vnode_suspend().
+ * 2. Call VNOP_READDIR() till the end of directory is reached.  
+ * 3. Check if the directory entries returned are regular files with name starting with "._".  If not, return ENOTEMPTY.  
+ * 4. Continue (2) and (3) till end of directory is reached.
+ * 5. If all the entries in the directory were files with "._" name, delete all the files.
+ * 6. vnode_resume()
+ * 7. If deletion of all files succeeded, call VNOP_RMDIR() again.
+ */
+
+errno_t rmdir_remove_orphaned_appleDouble(vnode_t vp , vfs_context_t ctx, int * restart_flag) 
+{
+
+#define UIO_BUFF_SIZE 2048
+       uio_t auio = NULL;
+       int eofflag, siz = UIO_BUFF_SIZE, nentries = 0;
+       int open_flag = 0, full_erase_flag = 0;
+       char uio_buf[ UIO_SIZEOF(1) ];
+       char *rbuf = NULL, *cpos, *cend;
+       struct nameidata nd_temp;
+       struct dirent *dp;
+       errno_t error;
+
+       error = vnode_suspend(vp);
+
+       /*
+        * restart_flag is set so that the calling rmdir sleeps and resets
+        */
+       if (error == EBUSY)
+               *restart_flag = 1;
+       if (error != 0)
+               goto outsc;
+
+       /*
+        * set up UIO
+        */
+       MALLOC(rbuf, caddr_t, siz, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       if (rbuf)
+               auio = uio_createwithbuffer(1, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ,
+                               &uio_buf[0], sizeof(uio_buf));
+       if (!rbuf || !auio) {
+               error = ENOMEM;
+               goto outsc;
+       }
+
+       uio_setoffset(auio,0);
+
+       eofflag = 0;
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, ctx))) 
+               goto outsc;     
+       else
+               open_flag = 1;
+
+       /*
+        * First pass checks if all files are appleDouble files.
+        */
+
+       do {
+               siz = UIO_BUFF_SIZE;
+               uio_reset(auio, uio_offset(auio), UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+               uio_addiov(auio, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(rbuf), UIO_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+               if((error = VNOP_READDIR(vp, auio, 0, &eofflag, &nentries, ctx)))
+                       goto outsc;
+
+               if (uio_resid(auio) != 0) 
+                       siz -= uio_resid(auio);
+
+               /*
+                * Iterate through directory
+                */
+               cpos = rbuf;
+               cend = rbuf + siz;
+               dp = (struct dirent*) cpos;
+
+               if (cpos == cend)
+                       eofflag = 1;
+
+               while ((cpos < cend)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Check for . and .. as well as directories
+                        */
+                       if (dp->d_ino != 0 && 
+                                       !((dp->d_namlen == 1 && dp->d_name[0] == '.') ||
+                                           (dp->d_namlen == 2 && dp->d_name[0] == '.' && dp->d_name[1] == '.'))) {
+                               /*
+                                * Check for irregular files and ._ files
+                                * If there is a ._._ file abort the op
+                                */
+                               if ( dp->d_namlen < 2 ||
+                                               strncmp(dp->d_name,"._",2) ||
+                                               (dp->d_namlen >= 4 && !strncmp(&(dp->d_name[2]), "._",2))) {
+                                       error = ENOTEMPTY;
+                                       goto outsc;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       cpos += dp->d_reclen;
+                       dp = (struct dirent*)cpos;
+               }
+               
+               /*
+                * workaround for HFS/NFS setting eofflag before end of file 
+                */
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_HFS && nentries > 2)
+                       eofflag=0;
+
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS) {
+                       if (eofflag && !full_erase_flag) {
+                               full_erase_flag = 1;
+                               eofflag = 0;
+                               uio_reset(auio, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+                       }
+                       else if (!eofflag && full_erase_flag)
+                               full_erase_flag = 0;
+               }
+
+       } while (!eofflag);
+       /*
+        * If we've made it here all the files in the dir are ._ files.
+        * We can delete the files even though the node is suspended
+        * because we are the owner of the file.
+        */
+
+       uio_reset(auio, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+       eofflag = 0;
+       full_erase_flag = 0;
+
+       do {
+               siz = UIO_BUFF_SIZE;
+               uio_reset(auio, uio_offset(auio), UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+               uio_addiov(auio, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(rbuf), UIO_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+               error = VNOP_READDIR(vp, auio, 0, &eofflag, &nentries, ctx);
+
+               if (error != 0) 
+                       goto outsc;
+
+               if (uio_resid(auio) != 0) 
+                       siz -= uio_resid(auio);
+
+               /*
+                * Iterate through directory
+                */
+               cpos = rbuf;
+               cend = rbuf + siz;
+               dp = (struct dirent*) cpos;
+               
+               if (cpos == cend)
+                       eofflag = 1;
+       
+               while ((cpos < cend)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Check for . and .. as well as directories
+                        */
+                       if (dp->d_ino != 0 && 
+                                       !((dp->d_namlen == 1 && dp->d_name[0] == '.') ||
+                                           (dp->d_namlen == 2 && dp->d_name[0] == '.' && dp->d_name[1] == '.'))
+                                         ) {
+       
+                               NDINIT(&nd_temp, DELETE, OP_UNLINK, USEDVP,
+                                      UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(dp->d_name),
+                                      ctx);
+                               nd_temp.ni_dvp = vp;
+                               error = unlink1(ctx, &nd_temp, 0);
+
+                               if (error &&  error != ENOENT) {
+                                       goto outsc;
+                               }
+
+                       }
+                       cpos += dp->d_reclen;
+                       dp = (struct dirent*)cpos;
+               }
+               
+               /*
+                * workaround for HFS/NFS setting eofflag before end of file 
+                */
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_HFS && nentries > 2)
+                       eofflag=0;
+
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS) {
+                       if (eofflag && !full_erase_flag) {
+                               full_erase_flag = 1;
+                               eofflag = 0;
+                               uio_reset(auio, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+                       }
+                       else if (!eofflag && full_erase_flag)
+                               full_erase_flag = 0;
+               }
+
+       } while (!eofflag);
+
+
+       error = 0;
+
+outsc:
+       if (open_flag)
+               VNOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, ctx);
+
+       uio_free(auio);
+       FREE(rbuf, M_TEMP);
+
+       vnode_resume(vp);
+
+
+       return(error);
+
+}
+
+
+void 
+lock_vnode_and_post(vnode_t vp, int kevent_num) 
+{
+       /* Only take the lock if there's something there! */
+       if (vp->v_knotes.slh_first != NULL) {
+               vnode_lock(vp);
+               KNOTE(&vp->v_knotes, kevent_num);
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+       }
+}
+
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+static void record_vp(vnode_t vp, int count) {
+        struct uthread *ut;
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       if (vp->v_resolve)
+               return;
+#endif
+       if ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM))
+               return;
+
+       ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+        ut->uu_iocount += count;
+
+       if (count == 1) {
+               if (ut->uu_vpindex < 32) {
+                       OSBacktrace((void **)&ut->uu_pcs[ut->uu_vpindex][0], 10);
+
+                       ut->uu_vps[ut->uu_vpindex] = vp;
+                       ut->uu_vpindex++;
+               }
+       }
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+
+#define TRIG_DEBUG 0
+
+#if TRIG_DEBUG
+#define TRIG_LOG(...) do { printf("%s: ", __FUNCTION__); printf(__VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
+#else
+#define TRIG_LOG(...)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Resolver result functions
+ */
+
+resolver_result_t
+vfs_resolver_result(uint32_t seq, enum resolver_status stat, int aux)
+{
+       /*
+        * |<---   32   --->|<---  28  --->|<- 4 ->|
+        *      sequence        auxiliary    status
+        */
+       return (((uint64_t)seq) << 32) |                
+              (((uint64_t)(aux & 0x0fffffff)) << 4) |  
+              (uint64_t)(stat & 0x0000000F);   
+}
+
+enum resolver_status
+vfs_resolver_status(resolver_result_t result)
+{
+       /* lower 4 bits is status */
+       return (result & 0x0000000F);
+}
+
+uint32_t
+vfs_resolver_sequence(resolver_result_t result)
+{
+       /* upper 32 bits is sequence */
+       return (uint32_t)(result >> 32);
+}
+
+int
+vfs_resolver_auxiliary(resolver_result_t result)
+{
+       /* 28 bits of auxiliary */
+       return (int)(((uint32_t)(result & 0xFFFFFFF0)) >> 4);
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * Unmount all filesystems. The list is traversed in reverse order
- * of mounting to avoid dependencies.
+ * SPI
+ * Call in for resolvers to update vnode trigger state
  */
  */
-__private_extern__ void
-vfs_unmountall()
+int
+vnode_trigger_update(vnode_t vp, resolver_result_t result)
 {
 {
-       struct mount *mp, *nmp;
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       uint32_t seq;
+       enum resolver_status stat;
 
 
-       /*
-        * Since this only runs when rebooting, it is not interlocked.
-        */
-       for (mp = mountlist.cqh_last; mp != (void *)&mountlist; mp = nmp) {
-               nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_prev;
-               (void) dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, p);
+       if (vp->v_resolve == NULL) {
+               return (EINVAL);
        }
        }
-}
 
 
-/*
- * Build hash lists of net addresses and hang them off the mount point.
- * Called by vfs_export() to set up the lists of export addresses.
- */
-static int
-vfs_hang_addrlist(mp, nep, argp)
-       struct mount *mp;
-       struct netexport *nep;
-       struct export_args *argp;
-{
-       register struct netcred *np;
-       register struct radix_node_head *rnh;
-       register int i;
-       struct radix_node *rn;
-       struct sockaddr *saddr, *smask = 0;
-       struct domain *dom;
-       int error;
+       stat = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
 
 
-       if (argp->ex_addrlen == 0) {
-               if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_DEFEXPORTED)
-                       return (EPERM);
-               np = &nep->ne_defexported;
-               np->netc_exflags = argp->ex_flags;
-               np->netc_anon = argp->ex_anon;
-               np->netc_anon.cr_ref = 1;
-               mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_DEFEXPORTED;
-               return (0);
-       }
-       i = sizeof(struct netcred) + argp->ex_addrlen + argp->ex_masklen;
-       MALLOC(np, struct netcred *, i, M_NETADDR, M_WAITOK);
-       bzero((caddr_t)np, i);
-       saddr = (struct sockaddr *)(np + 1);
-       if (error = copyin(argp->ex_addr, (caddr_t)saddr, argp->ex_addrlen))
-               goto out;
-       if (saddr->sa_len > argp->ex_addrlen)
-               saddr->sa_len = argp->ex_addrlen;
-       if (argp->ex_masklen) {
-               smask = (struct sockaddr *)((caddr_t)saddr + argp->ex_addrlen);
-               error = copyin(argp->ex_addr, (caddr_t)smask, argp->ex_masklen);
-               if (error)
-                       goto out;
-               if (smask->sa_len > argp->ex_masklen)
-                       smask->sa_len = argp->ex_masklen;
-       }
-       i = saddr->sa_family;
-       if ((rnh = nep->ne_rtable[i]) == 0) {
-               /*
-                * Seems silly to initialize every AF when most are not
-                * used, do so on demand here
-                */
-               for (dom = domains; dom; dom = dom->dom_next)
-                       if (dom->dom_family == i && dom->dom_rtattach) {
-                               dom->dom_rtattach((void **)&nep->ne_rtable[i],
-                                       dom->dom_rtoffset);
-                               break;
-                       }
-               if ((rnh = nep->ne_rtable[i]) == 0) {
-                       error = ENOBUFS;
-                       goto out;
-               }
+       if ((stat != RESOLVER_RESOLVED) && (stat != RESOLVER_UNRESOLVED)) {
+               return (EINVAL);
        }
        }
-       rn = (*rnh->rnh_addaddr)((caddr_t)saddr, (caddr_t)smask, rnh,
-               np->netc_rnodes);
-       if (rn == 0) {
-               /*
-                * One of the reasons that rnh_addaddr may fail is that
-                * the entry already exists. To check for this case, we
-                * look up the entry to see if it is there. If so, we
-                * do not need to make a new entry but do return success.
-                */
-               _FREE(np, M_NETADDR);
-               rn = (*rnh->rnh_matchaddr)((caddr_t)saddr, rnh);
-               if (rn != 0 && (rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) == 0 &&
-                   ((struct netcred *)rn)->netc_exflags == argp->ex_flags &&
-                   !bcmp((caddr_t)&((struct netcred *)rn)->netc_anon,
-                           (caddr_t)&argp->ex_anon, sizeof(struct ucred)))
-                       return (0);
-               return (EPERM);
+
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (stat == RESOLVER_RESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags |= VNT_RESOLVED;
+               else
+                       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_RESOLVED;
+
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
        }
        }
-       np->netc_exflags = argp->ex_flags;
-       np->netc_anon = argp->ex_anon;
-       np->netc_anon.cr_ref = 1;
+
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
        return (0);
        return (0);
-out:
-       _FREE(np, M_NETADDR);
-       return (error);
 }
 
 }
 
-/* ARGSUSED */
 static int
 static int
-vfs_free_netcred(rn, w)
-       struct radix_node *rn;
-       caddr_t w;
+vnode_resolver_attach(vnode_t vp, vnode_resolve_t rp, boolean_t ref)
 {
 {
-       register struct radix_node_head *rnh = (struct radix_node_head *)w;
+       int error;
 
 
-       (*rnh->rnh_deladdr)(rn->rn_key, rn->rn_mask, rnh);
-       _FREE((caddr_t)rn, M_NETADDR);
-       return (0);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if (vp->v_resolve != NULL) {
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               return EINVAL;
+       } else {
+               vp->v_resolve = rp;
+       }
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+       
+       if (ref) {
+               error = vnode_ref_ext(vp, O_EVTONLY, VNODE_REF_FORCE);
+               if (error != 0) {
+                       panic("VNODE_REF_FORCE didn't help...");
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * Free the net address hash lists that are hanging off the mount points.
+ * VFS internal interfaces for vnode triggers
+ *
+ * vnode must already have an io count on entry
+ * v_resolve is stable when io count is non-zero
  */
  */
-static void
-vfs_free_addrlist(nep)
-       struct netexport *nep;
+static int
+vnode_resolver_create(mount_t mp, vnode_t vp, struct vnode_trigger_param *tinfo, boolean_t external)
 {
 {
-       register int i;
-       register struct radix_node_head *rnh;
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       int result;
+       char byte;
+
+#if 1
+       /* minimum pointer test (debugging) */
+       if (tinfo->vnt_data)
+               byte = *((char *)tinfo->vnt_data);
+#endif
+       MALLOC(rp, vnode_resolve_t, sizeof(*rp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       if (rp == NULL)
+               return (ENOMEM);
+
+       lck_mtx_init(&rp->vr_lock, trigger_vnode_lck_grp, trigger_vnode_lck_attr);
+
+       rp->vr_resolve_func = tinfo->vnt_resolve_func;
+       rp->vr_unresolve_func = tinfo->vnt_unresolve_func;
+       rp->vr_rearm_func = tinfo->vnt_rearm_func;
+       rp->vr_reclaim_func = tinfo->vnt_reclaim_func;
+       rp->vr_data = tinfo->vnt_data;
+       rp->vr_lastseq = 0;
+       rp->vr_flags = tinfo->vnt_flags & VNT_VALID_MASK;
+       if (external) {
+               rp->vr_flags |= VNT_EXTERNAL;
+       }
 
 
-       for (i = 0; i <= AF_MAX; i++)
-               if (rnh = nep->ne_rtable[i]) {
-                       (*rnh->rnh_walktree)(rnh, vfs_free_netcred,
-                           (caddr_t)rnh);
-                       _FREE((caddr_t)rnh, M_RTABLE);
-                       nep->ne_rtable[i] = 0;
-               }
+       result = vnode_resolver_attach(vp, rp, external);
+       if (result != 0) {
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (mp) {
+               OSAddAtomic(1, &mp->mnt_numtriggers);
+       }
+
+       return (result);
+
+out:
+       FREE(rp, M_TEMP);
+       return result;
 }
 
 }
 
-int
-vfs_export(mp, nep, argp)
-       struct mount *mp;
-       struct netexport *nep;
-       struct export_args *argp;
+static void
+vnode_resolver_release(vnode_resolve_t rp)
 {
 {
-       int error;
-
-       if (argp->ex_flags & MNT_DELEXPORT) {
-               vfs_free_addrlist(nep);
-               mp->mnt_flag &= ~(MNT_EXPORTED | MNT_DEFEXPORTED);
-       }
-       if (argp->ex_flags & MNT_EXPORTED) {
-               if (error = vfs_hang_addrlist(mp, nep, argp))
-                       return (error);
-               mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_EXPORTED;
+       /*
+        * Give them a chance to free any private data
+        */
+       if (rp->vr_data && rp->vr_reclaim_func) {
+               rp->vr_reclaim_func(NULLVP, rp->vr_data);
        }
        }
-       return (0);
+
+       lck_mtx_destroy(&rp->vr_lock, trigger_vnode_lck_grp);
+       FREE(rp, M_TEMP);
+
 }
 
 }
 
-struct netcred *
-vfs_export_lookup(mp, nep, nam)
-       register struct mount *mp;
-       struct netexport *nep;
-       struct mbuf *nam;
+/* Called after the vnode has been drained */
+static void
+vnode_resolver_detach(vnode_t vp)
 {
 {
-       register struct netcred *np;
-       register struct radix_node_head *rnh;
-       struct sockaddr *saddr;
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       mount_t mp;
 
 
-       np = NULL;
-       if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_EXPORTED) {
-               /*
-                * Lookup in the export list first.
-                */
-               if (nam != NULL) {
-                       saddr = mtod(nam, struct sockaddr *);
-                       rnh = nep->ne_rtable[saddr->sa_family];
-                       if (rnh != NULL) {
-                               np = (struct netcred *)
-                                       (*rnh->rnh_matchaddr)((caddr_t)saddr,
-                                                             rnh);
-                               if (np && np->netc_rnodes->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT)
-                                       np = NULL;
-                       }
-               }
-               /*
-                * If no address match, use the default if it exists.
-                */
-               if (np == NULL && mp->mnt_flag & MNT_DEFEXPORTED)
-                       np = &nep->ne_defexported;
-       }
-       return (np);
+       mp = vnode_mount(vp);
+
+       vnode_lock(vp);
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       vp->v_resolve = NULL;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       if ((rp->vr_flags & VNT_EXTERNAL) != 0) {
+               vnode_rele_ext(vp, O_EVTONLY, 1);
+       } 
+
+       vnode_resolver_release(rp);
+       
+       /* Keep count of active trigger vnodes per mount */
+       OSAddAtomic(-1, &mp->mnt_numtriggers);  
 }
 
 /*
 }
 
 /*
- * try to reclaim vnodes from the memory 
- * object cache
+ * Pathname operations that don't trigger a mount for trigger vnodes
  */
  */
-static int
-vm_object_cache_reclaim(int count)
-{
-       int cnt;
-       void vnode_pager_release_from_cache(int *);
+static const u_int64_t ignorable_pathops_mask =
+       1LL << OP_MOUNT |
+       1LL << OP_UNMOUNT |
+       1LL << OP_STATFS |
+       1LL << OP_ACCESS |
+       1LL << OP_GETATTR |
+       1LL << OP_LISTXATTR;
 
 
-       /* attempt to reclaim vnodes from VM object cache */
-       cnt = count;
-       vnode_pager_release_from_cache(&cnt);
-       return(cnt);
+int
+vfs_istraditionaltrigger(enum path_operation op, const struct componentname *cnp)
+{
+       if (cnp->cn_flags & ISLASTCN)
+               return ((1LL << op) & ignorable_pathops_mask) == 0;
+       else
+               return (1);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*
- * Release memory object reference held by inactive vnodes
- * and then try to reclaim some vnodes from the memory 
- * object cache
- */
-static int
-vnreclaim(int count)
+__private_extern__
+void
+vnode_trigger_rearm(vnode_t vp, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
 {
-       int cnt, i, loopcnt;
-       void *obj;
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       int err;
-       struct proc *p;
-       kern_return_t kret;
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       resolver_result_t result;
+       enum resolver_status status;
+       uint32_t seq;
+
+       if ((vp->v_resolve == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_resolve->vr_rearm_func == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_resolve->vr_flags & VNT_AUTO_REARM) == 0) {
+               return;
+       }
 
 
-       i = 0;
-       loopcnt = 0;
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-       /* Try to release "count" vnodes from the inactive list */
-restart:
-       if (++loopcnt > inactivevnodes) {
-               /*
-                * I did my best trying to reclaim the vnodes.
-                * Do not try any more as that would only lead to 
-                * long latencies. Also in the worst case 
-                * this can get totally CPU bound.
-                * Just fall though and attempt a reclaim of VM
-                * object cache
-                */
-               goto out;
+       /*
+        * Check if VFS initiated this unmount. If so, we'll catch it after the unresolve completes.
+        */
+       if (rp->vr_flags & VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED) {
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return;
        }
 
        }
 
-       simple_lock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-       for (vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vnode_inactive_list);
-                       (vp != NULLVP) && (i < count);
-                       vp = TAILQ_NEXT(vp, v_freelist)) {
-               
-               if (!simple_lock_try(&vp->v_interlock))
-                       continue;
+       /* Check if this vnode is already armed */
+       if ((rp->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED) == 0) {
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return;
+       }
 
 
-               if (vp->v_usecount != 1)
-                       panic("vnreclaim: v_usecount");
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-               if(!UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-                       if (vp->v_type == VBAD) {
-                               VREMINACTIVE("vnreclaim", vp);
-                               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                               continue;
-                       } else
-                               panic("non UBC vnode on inactive list");
-                               /* Should not reach here */
-               }
+       result = rp->vr_rearm_func(vp, 0, rp->vr_data, ctx);
+       status = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
 
 
-               /* If vnode is already being reclaimed, wait */
-               if ((vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) || (vp->v_flag & VORECLAIM)) {
-                       vp->v_flag |= VXWANT;
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
-                       (void)tsleep((caddr_t)vp, PINOD, "vocr", 0);
-                       goto restart;
-               }
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (status == RESOLVER_UNRESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_RESOLVED;
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
+       }
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+}
 
 
-               VREMINACTIVE("vnreclaim", vp);
-               simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
+__private_extern__
+int
+vnode_trigger_resolve(vnode_t vp, struct nameidata *ndp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       enum path_operation op;
+       resolver_result_t result;
+       enum resolver_status status;
+       uint32_t seq;
+
+       /* Only trigger on topmost vnodes */
+       if ((vp->v_resolve == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_resolve->vr_resolve_func == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_mountedhere != NULL)) {
+               return (0);
+       }
 
 
-               if (ubc_issetflags(vp, UI_WASMAPPED)) {
-                       /*
-                        * We should not reclaim as it is likely
-                        * to be in use. Let it die a natural death.
-                        * Release the UBC reference if one exists
-                        * and put it back at the tail.
-                        */
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       if (ubc_release_named(vp)) {
-                               if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-                                       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                                       if (vp->v_usecount == 1 && !VONLIST(vp))
-                                               vinactive(vp);
-                                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                               }
-                       } else {
-                           simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                               vinactive(vp);
-                               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       int didhold;
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-                       VORECLAIM_ENABLE(vp);
+       /* Check if this vnode is already resolved */
+       if (rp->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED) {
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return (0);
+       }
 
 
-                       /*
-                        * scrub the dirty pages and invalidate the buffers
-                        */
-                       p = current_proc();
-                       err = vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE|LK_INTERLOCK, p); 
-                       if (err) {
-                               /* cannot reclaim */
-                               simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                               vinactive(vp);
-                               VORECLAIM_DISABLE(vp);
-                               i++;
-                               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                               goto restart;
-                       }
-
-                       /* keep the vnode alive so we can kill it */
-                       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       if(vp->v_usecount != 1)
-                               panic("VOCR: usecount race");
-                       vp->v_usecount++;
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-
-                       /* clean up the state in VM without invalidating */
-                       didhold = ubc_hold(vp);
-                       if (didhold)
-                               (void)ubc_clean(vp, 0);
-
-                       /* flush and invalidate buffers associated with the vnode */
-                       if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS)
-                               nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, NOCRED, p, 0);
-                       else
-                               vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, NOCRED, p, 0, 0);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-                       /*
-                        * Note: for the v_usecount == 2 case, VOP_INACTIVE
-                        * has not yet been called.  Call it now while vp is
-                        * still locked, it will also release the lock.
-                        */
-                       if (vp->v_usecount == 2)
-                               VOP_INACTIVE(vp, p);
-                       else
-                               VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, p);
+       /*
+        * XXX
+        * assumes that resolver will not access this trigger vnode (otherwise the kernel will deadlock)
+        * is there anyway to know this???
+        * there can also be other legitimate lookups in parallel
+        *
+        * XXX - should we call this on a separate thread with a timeout?
+        * 
+        * XXX - should we use ISLASTCN to pick the op value???  Perhaps only leafs should
+        * get the richer set and non-leafs should get generic OP_LOOKUP?  TBD
+        */
+       op = (ndp->ni_op < OP_MAXOP) ? ndp->ni_op: OP_LOOKUP;
 
 
-                       if (didhold)
-                               ubc_rele(vp);
+       result = rp->vr_resolve_func(vp, &ndp->ni_cnd, op, 0, rp->vr_data, ctx);
+       status = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
 
 
-                       /*
-                        * destroy the ubc named reference.
-                        * If we can't because it is held for I/Os
-                        * in progress, just put it back on the inactive
-                        * list and move on.  Otherwise, the paging reference
-                        * is toast (and so is this vnode?).
-                        */
-                       if (ubc_destroy_named(vp)) {
-                           i++;
-                       }
-                       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       VORECLAIM_DISABLE(vp);
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       vrele(vp);  /* release extra use we added here */
-               }
-               /* inactive list lock was released, must restart */
-               goto restart;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (status == RESOLVER_RESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags |= VNT_RESOLVED;
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
        }
        }
-       simple_unlock(&vnode_free_list_slock);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-       vnode_reclaim_tried += i;
-out:
-       i = vm_object_cache_reclaim(count);
-       vnode_objects_reclaimed += i;
-
-       return(i);
+       /* On resolver errors, propagate the error back up */
+       return (status == RESOLVER_ERROR ? vfs_resolver_auxiliary(result) : 0);
 }
 
 }
 
-/*  
- * This routine is called from vnode_pager_no_senders()
- * which in turn can be called with vnode locked by vnode_uncache()
- * But it could also get called as a result of vm_object_cache_trim().
- * In that case lock state is unknown.
- * AGE the vnode so that it gets recycled quickly.
- * Check lock status to decide whether to call vput() or vrele().
- */
-__private_extern__ void
-vnode_pager_vrele(struct vnode *vp)
+static int
+vnode_trigger_unresolve(vnode_t vp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
 {
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       resolver_result_t result;
+       enum resolver_status status;
+       uint32_t seq;
+
+       if ((vp->v_resolve == NULL) || (vp->v_resolve->vr_unresolve_func == NULL)) {
+               return (0);
+       }
 
 
-       boolean_t       funnel_state;
-       int isvnreclaim = 1;
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-       if (vp == (struct vnode *) NULL) 
-               panic("vnode_pager_vrele: null vp");
+       /* Check if this vnode is already resolved */
+       if ((rp->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED) == 0) {
+               printf("vnode_trigger_unresolve: not currently resolved\n");
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return (0);
+       }
 
 
-       funnel_state = thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock, TRUE);
+       rp->vr_flags |= VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED;
 
 
-       /* Mark the vnode to be recycled */
-       vagevp(vp);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-       simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
        /*
        /*
-        * If a vgone (or vclean) is already in progress,
-        * Do not bother with the ubc_info cleanup.
-        * Let the vclean deal with it.
+        * XXX
+        * assumes that resolver will not access this trigger vnode (otherwise the kernel will deadlock)
+        * there can also be other legitimate lookups in parallel
+        *
+        * XXX - should we call this on a separate thread with a timeout?
         */
         */
-       if (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) {
-               CLR(vp->v_flag, VTERMINATE);
-               if (ISSET(vp->v_flag, VTERMWANT)) {
-                       CLR(vp->v_flag, VTERMWANT);
-                       wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_ubcinfo);
-               }
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               vrele(vp);
-               (void) thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock, funnel_state);
-               return;
-       }
 
 
-       /* It's dead, Jim! */
-       if (!ISSET(vp->v_flag, VORECLAIM)) {
-               /*
-                * called as a result of eviction of the memory
-                * object from the memory object cache
-                */
-               isvnreclaim = 0;
+       result = rp->vr_unresolve_func(vp, flags, rp->vr_data, ctx);
+       status = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
 
 
-               /* So serialize vnode operations */
-               VORECLAIM_ENABLE(vp);
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (status == RESOLVER_UNRESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_RESOLVED;
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
        }
        }
-       if (!ISSET(vp->v_flag, VTERMINATE))
-               SET(vp->v_flag, VTERMINATE);
-       if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-               struct ubc_info *uip = vp->v_ubcinfo;
+       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED;
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
 
 
-               if (ubc_issetflags(vp, UI_WASMAPPED))
-                       SET(vp->v_flag, VWASMAPPED);
+       /* On resolver errors, propagate the error back up */
+       return (status == RESOLVER_ERROR ? vfs_resolver_auxiliary(result) : 0);
+}
 
 
-               vp->v_ubcinfo = UBC_NOINFO;  /* catch bad accesses */
-               simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               ubc_info_deallocate(uip);
-       } else {
-               if ((vp->v_type == VBAD) && ((vp)->v_ubcinfo != UBC_INFO_NULL) 
-                       && ((vp)->v_ubcinfo != UBC_NOINFO)) {
-                       struct ubc_info *uip = vp->v_ubcinfo;
+static int
+triggerisdescendant(mount_t mp, mount_t rmp)
+{
+       int match = FALSE;
 
 
-                       vp->v_ubcinfo = UBC_NOINFO;  /* catch bad accesses */
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-                       ubc_info_deallocate(uip);
-               } else {
-                       simple_unlock(&vp->v_interlock);
-               }
-       }
+       /*
+        * walk up vnode covered chain looking for a match
+        */
+       name_cache_lock_shared();
+
+       while (1) {
+               vnode_t vp;
 
 
-       CLR(vp->v_flag, VTERMINATE);
+               /* did we encounter "/" ? */
+               if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_ROOTFS)
+                       break;
 
 
-       if (vp->v_type != VBAD){
-               vgone(vp);      /* revoke the vnode */
-               vrele(vp);      /* and drop the reference */
-       } else
-               vrele(vp);
+               vp = mp->mnt_vnodecovered;
+               if (vp == NULLVP)
+                       break;
 
 
-       if (ISSET(vp->v_flag, VTERMWANT)) {
-               CLR(vp->v_flag, VTERMWANT);
-               wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_ubcinfo);
+               mp = vp->v_mount;
+               if (mp == rmp) {
+                       match = TRUE;
+                       break;
+               }
        }
        }
-       if (!isvnreclaim)
-               VORECLAIM_DISABLE(vp);
-       (void) thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock, funnel_state);
-       return;
-}
 
 
+       name_cache_unlock();
 
 
-#if DIAGNOSTIC
-int walk_vnodes_debug=0;
+       return (match);
+}
 
 
-void
-walk_allvnodes()
+struct trigger_unmount_info {
+       vfs_context_t   ctx;
+       mount_t         top_mp;
+       vnode_t         trigger_vp;
+       mount_t         trigger_mp;
+       uint32_t        trigger_vid;
+       int             flags;
+};
+
+static int
+trigger_unmount_callback(mount_t mp, void * arg)
 {
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
-       struct mount *mp, *nmp;
-       struct vnode *vp;
-       int cnt = 0;
-
-       for (mp = mountlist.cqh_first; mp != (void *)&mountlist; mp = nmp) {
-               for (vp = mp->mnt_vnodelist.lh_first;
-                    vp != NULL;
-                    vp = vp->v_mntvnodes.le_next) {
-                       if (vp->v_usecount < 0){
-                               if(walk_vnodes_debug) {
-                                       printf("vp is %x\n",vp);
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next;
-       }
-       for (cnt = 0, vp = vnode_free_list.tqh_first;
-               vp != NULLVP; cnt++, vp = vp->v_freelist.tqe_next) {
-               if ((vp->v_usecount < 0) && walk_vnodes_debug) {
-                       if(walk_vnodes_debug) {
-                               printf("vp is %x\n",vp);
-                       }
-               }
+       struct trigger_unmount_info * infop = (struct trigger_unmount_info *)arg;
+       boolean_t mountedtrigger = FALSE;
+
+       /*
+        * When we encounter the top level mount we're done
+        */
+       if (mp == infop->top_mp)
+               return (VFS_RETURNED_DONE);
+
+       if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered == NULL) ||
+           (vnode_getwithref(mp->mnt_vnodecovered) != 0)) {
+               return (VFS_RETURNED);
        }
        }
-       printf("%d - free\n", cnt);
 
 
-       for (cnt = 0, vp = vnode_inactive_list.tqh_first;
-               vp != NULLVP; cnt++, vp = vp->v_freelist.tqe_next) {
-               if ((vp->v_usecount < 0) && walk_vnodes_debug) {
-                       if(walk_vnodes_debug) {
-                               printf("vp is %x\n",vp);
-                       }
-               }
+       if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_mountedhere == mp) &&
+           (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve != NULL) &&
+           (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED)) {
+               mountedtrigger = TRUE;
        }
        }
-       printf("%d - inactive\n", cnt);
-}
-#endif /* DIAGNOSTIC */
+       vnode_put(mp->mnt_vnodecovered);
 
 
-void
-vfs_io_attributes(vp, flags, iosize, vectors)
-       struct vnode    *vp;
-       int     flags;  /* B_READ or B_WRITE */
-       int     *iosize;
-       int     *vectors;
-{
-       struct mount *mp;
+       /*
+        * When we encounter a mounted trigger, check if its under the top level mount
+        */
+       if ( !mountedtrigger || !triggerisdescendant(mp, infop->top_mp) )
+               return (VFS_RETURNED);
 
 
-       /* start with "reasonable" defaults */
-       *iosize = MAXPHYS;
-       *vectors = 32;
+       /*
+        * Process any pending nested mount (now that its not referenced)
+        */
+       if ((infop->trigger_vp != NULLVP) &&
+           (vnode_getwithvid(infop->trigger_vp, infop->trigger_vid) == 0)) {
+               vnode_t vp = infop->trigger_vp;
+               int error;
 
 
-       mp = vp->v_mount;
-       if (mp != NULL) {
-               switch (flags) {
-               case B_READ:
-                       *iosize = mp->mnt_maxreadcnt;
-                       *vectors = mp->mnt_segreadcnt;
-                       break;
-               case B_WRITE:
-                       *iosize = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt;
-                       *vectors = mp->mnt_segwritecnt;
-                       break;
-               default:
-                       break;
+               infop->trigger_vp = NULLVP;
+               
+               if (mp == vp->v_mountedhere) {
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       printf("trigger_unmount_callback: unexpected match '%s'\n",
+                               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname);
+                       return (VFS_RETURNED);
+               }
+               if (infop->trigger_mp != vp->v_mountedhere) {
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       printf("trigger_unmount_callback: trigger mnt changed! (%p != %p)\n",
+                               infop->trigger_mp, vp->v_mountedhere);
+                       goto savenext;
+               }
+
+               error = vnode_trigger_unresolve(vp, infop->flags, infop->ctx);
+               vnode_put(vp);
+               if (error) {
+                       printf("unresolving: '%s', err %d\n",
+                               vp->v_mountedhere ? vp->v_mountedhere->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname :
+                               "???", error);
+                       return (VFS_RETURNED_DONE); /* stop iteration on errors */
+               }
+       }
+savenext:
+       /*
+        * We can't call resolver here since we hold a mount iter
+        * ref on mp so save its covered vp for later processing
+        */
+       infop->trigger_vp = mp->mnt_vnodecovered;
+       if ((infop->trigger_vp != NULLVP) &&
+           (vnode_getwithref(infop->trigger_vp) == 0)) {
+               if (infop->trigger_vp->v_mountedhere == mp) {
+                       infop->trigger_vid = infop->trigger_vp->v_id;
+                       infop->trigger_mp = mp;
                }
                }
+               vnode_put(infop->trigger_vp);
        }
 
        }
 
-       return;
+       return (VFS_RETURNED);
 }
 
 }
 
-#include <dev/disk.h>
-
-int
-vfs_init_io_attributes(devvp, mp)
-       struct vnode *devvp;
-       struct mount *mp;
+/*
+ * Attempt to unmount any trigger mounts nested underneath a mount.
+ * This is a best effort attempt and no retries are performed here.
+ *
+ * Note: mp->mnt_rwlock is held exclusively on entry (so be carefull)
+ */
+__private_extern__
+void
+vfs_nested_trigger_unmounts(mount_t mp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
 {
-       int error;
-       off_t readblockcnt;
-       off_t writeblockcnt;
-       off_t readsegcnt;
-       off_t writesegcnt;
-       u_long blksize;
-
-       u_int64_t temp;
+       struct trigger_unmount_info info;
 
 
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
-       struct  ucred *cred = p->p_ucred;
+       /* Must have trigger vnodes */
+       if (mp->mnt_numtriggers == 0) {
+               return;
+       }
+       /* Avoid recursive requests (by checking covered vnode) */
+       if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered != NULL) &&
+           (vnode_getwithref(mp->mnt_vnodecovered) == 0)) {
+               boolean_t recursive = FALSE;
+
+               if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_mountedhere == mp) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve != NULL) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve->vr_flags & VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED)) {
+                       recursive = TRUE;
+               }
+               vnode_put(mp->mnt_vnodecovered);
+               if (recursive)
+                       return;
+       }
 
 
-       if ((error = VOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBLOCKCOUNTREAD,
-                               (caddr_t)&readblockcnt, 0, cred, p)))
-               return (error);
+       /*
+        * Attempt to unmount any nested trigger mounts (best effort)
+        */
+       info.ctx = ctx;
+       info.top_mp = mp;
+       info.trigger_vp = NULLVP;
+       info.trigger_vid = 0;
+       info.trigger_mp = NULL;
+       info.flags = flags;
 
 
-       if ((error = VOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBLOCKCOUNTWRITE,
-                               (caddr_t)&writeblockcnt, 0, cred, p)))
-               return (error);
+       (void) vfs_iterate(VFS_ITERATE_TAIL_FIRST, trigger_unmount_callback, &info);
 
 
-       if ((error = VOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTCOUNTREAD,
-                               (caddr_t)&readsegcnt, 0, cred, p)))
-               return (error);
+       /*
+        * Process remaining nested mount (now that its not referenced)
+        */
+       if ((info.trigger_vp != NULLVP) &&
+           (vnode_getwithvid(info.trigger_vp, info.trigger_vid) == 0)) {
+               vnode_t vp = info.trigger_vp;
 
 
-       if ((error = VOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTCOUNTWRITE,
-                               (caddr_t)&writesegcnt, 0, cred, p)))
-               return (error);
+               if (info.trigger_mp == vp->v_mountedhere) {
+                       (void) vnode_trigger_unresolve(vp, flags, ctx);
+               }
+               vnode_put(vp);
+       }
+}
 
 
-       if ((error = VOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE,
-                               (caddr_t)&blksize, 0, cred, p)))
-               return (error);
+int
+vfs_addtrigger(mount_t mp, const char *relpath, struct vnode_trigger_info *vtip, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct nameidata nd;
+       int res;
+       vnode_t rvp, vp;
+       struct vnode_trigger_param vtp;
+       
+       /* 
+        * Must be called for trigger callback, wherein rwlock is held 
+        */
+       lck_rw_assert(&mp->mnt_rwlock, LCK_RW_ASSERT_HELD);
 
 
-       temp = readblockcnt * blksize;
-       temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? (UINT32_MAX / blksize) * blksize : temp;
-       mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
+       TRIG_LOG("Adding trigger at %s\n", relpath);
+       TRIG_LOG("Trying VFS_ROOT\n");
 
 
-       temp = writeblockcnt * blksize;
-       temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? (UINT32_MAX / blksize) * blksize : temp;
-       mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
+       /* 
+        * We do a lookup starting at the root of the mountpoint, unwilling
+        * to cross into other mountpoints.
+        */
+       res = VFS_ROOT(mp, &rvp, ctx);
+       if (res != 0) {
+               goto out;
+       }
 
 
-       temp = (readsegcnt > UINT16_MAX) ? UINT16_MAX : readsegcnt;
-       mp->mnt_segreadcnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+       TRIG_LOG("Trying namei\n");
 
 
-       temp = (writesegcnt > UINT16_MAX) ? UINT16_MAX : writesegcnt;
-       mp->mnt_segwritecnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, USEDVP | NOCROSSMOUNT | FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+               CAST_USER_ADDR_T(relpath), ctx);
+       nd.ni_dvp = rvp;
+       res = namei(&nd);
+       if (res != 0) {
+               vnode_put(rvp);
+               goto out;
+       }
+       
+       vp = nd.ni_vp;
+       nameidone(&nd);
+       vnode_put(rvp);
 
 
-#if 0
-       printf("--- IO attributes for mount point 0x%08x ---\n", mp);
-       printf("\tmnt_maxreadcnt = 0x%x", mp->mnt_maxreadcnt);
-       printf("\tmnt_maxwritecnt = 0x%x\n", mp->mnt_maxwritecnt);
-       printf("\tmnt_segreadcnt = 0x%x", mp->mnt_segreadcnt);
-       printf("\tmnt_segwritecnt = 0x%x\n", mp->mnt_segwritecnt);
-#endif /* 0 */
+       TRIG_LOG("Trying vnode_resolver_create()\n");
 
 
-       return (error);
+       /* 
+        * Set up blob.  vnode_create() takes a larger structure
+        * with creation info, and we needed something different
+        * for this case.  One needs to win, or we need to munge both;
+        * vnode_create() wins.
+        */
+       bzero(&vtp, sizeof(vtp));
+       vtp.vnt_resolve_func = vtip->vti_resolve_func;
+       vtp.vnt_unresolve_func = vtip->vti_unresolve_func;
+       vtp.vnt_rearm_func = vtip->vti_rearm_func;
+       vtp.vnt_reclaim_func = vtip->vti_reclaim_func;
+       vtp.vnt_reclaim_func = vtip->vti_reclaim_func;
+       vtp.vnt_data = vtip->vti_data;
+       vtp.vnt_flags = vtip->vti_flags;
+
+       res = vnode_resolver_create(mp, vp, &vtp, TRUE);
+       vnode_put(vp);
+out:
+       TRIG_LOG("Returning %d\n", res);
+       return res;
 }
 
 }
 
+#endif /* CONFIG_TRIGGERS */