]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - bsd/kern/kern_descrip.c
xnu-6153.41.3.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / kern / kern_descrip.c
index b93ab3bbfd195c9be69b04c41291f2f7b7ba1631..320c27b2c1be8fe18547a807098907c6df8f2038 100644 (file)
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/fsctl.h>
 #include <sys/malloc.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/syslog.h>
 #include <mach/mach_port.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+#include <security/mac_framework.h>
+#endif
+
+#define IPC_KMSG_FLAGS_ALLOW_IMMOVABLE_SEND 0x1
 kern_return_t ipc_object_copyin(ipc_space_t, mach_port_name_t,
-    mach_msg_type_name_t, ipc_port_t *);
+    mach_msg_type_name_t, ipc_port_t *, mach_port_context_t, mach_msg_guard_flags_t *, uint32_t);
 void ipc_port_release_send(ipc_port_t);
 
 struct psemnode;
@@ -149,11 +155,23 @@ static void _fdrelse(struct proc * p, int fd);
 
 extern void file_lock_init(void);
 
-extern kauth_scope_t   kauth_scope_fileop;
+extern kauth_scope_t    kauth_scope_fileop;
 
 /* Conflict wait queue for when selects collide (opaque type) */
 extern struct waitq select_conflict_queue;
 
+#ifndef HFS_GET_BOOT_INFO
+#define HFS_GET_BOOT_INFO   (FCNTL_FS_SPECIFIC_BASE + 0x00004)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HFS_SET_BOOT_INFO
+#define HFS_SET_BOOT_INFO   (FCNTL_FS_SPECIFIC_BASE + 0x00005)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef APFSIOC_REVERT_TO_SNAPSHOT
+#define APFSIOC_REVERT_TO_SNAPSHOT  _IOW('J', 1, u_int64_t)
+#endif
+
 #define f_flag f_fglob->fg_flag
 #define f_type f_fglob->fg_ops->fo_type
 #define f_msgcount f_fglob->fg_msgcount
@@ -162,15 +180,15 @@ extern struct waitq select_conflict_queue;
 #define f_offset f_fglob->fg_offset
 #define f_data f_fglob->fg_data
 #define CHECK_ADD_OVERFLOW_INT64L(x, y) \
-               (((((x) > 0) && ((y) > 0) && ((x) > LLONG_MAX - (y))) || \
-               (((x) < 0) && ((y) < 0) && ((x) < LLONG_MIN - (y)))) \
-               ? 1 : 0)
+               (((((x) > 0) && ((y) > 0) && ((x) > LLONG_MAX - (y))) || \
+               (((x) < 0) && ((y) < 0) && ((x) < LLONG_MIN - (y)))) \
+               ? 1 : 0)
 /*
  * Descriptor management.
  */
-struct fmsglist fmsghead;      /* head of list of open files */
-struct fmsglist fmsg_ithead;   /* head of list of open files */
-int nfiles;                    /* actual number of open files */
+struct fmsglist fmsghead;       /* head of list of open files */
+struct fmsglist fmsg_ithead;    /* head of list of open files */
+int nfiles;                     /* actual number of open files */
 
 
 lck_grp_attr_t * file_lck_grp_attr;
@@ -188,9 +206,9 @@ lck_mtx_t * uipc_lock;
  * Parameters:  fl             Flock structure.
  *             cur_file_offset Current offset in the file.
  *
- * Returns:    0               on Success.
+ * Returns:     0               on Success.
  *             EOVERFLOW       on overflow.
- *             EINVAL          on offset less than zero.
+ *             EINVAL          on offset less than zero.
  */
 
 static int
@@ -211,12 +229,12 @@ check_file_seek_range(struct flock *fl, off_t cur_file_offset)
                }
                /* Check if end marker is beyond LLONG_MAX. */
                if ((fl->l_len > 0) && (CHECK_ADD_OVERFLOW_INT64L(fl->l_start +
-                       cur_file_offset, fl->l_len - 1))) {
+                   cur_file_offset, fl->l_len - 1))) {
                        return EOVERFLOW;
                }
                /* Check if the end marker is negative. */
                if ((fl->l_len <= 0) && (fl->l_start + cur_file_offset +
-                       fl->l_len < 0)) {
+                   fl->l_len < 0)) {
                        return EINVAL;
                }
        } else if (fl->l_whence == SEEK_SET) {
@@ -230,7 +248,7 @@ check_file_seek_range(struct flock *fl, off_t cur_file_offset)
                        return EOVERFLOW;
                }
                /* Check if the end marker is negative. */
-               if ((fl->l_len < 0) &&  fl->l_start + fl->l_len < 0) {
+               if ((fl->l_len < 0) && fl->l_start + fl->l_len < 0) {
                        return EINVAL;
                }
        }
@@ -253,9 +271,9 @@ void
 file_lock_init(void)
 {
        /* allocate file lock group attribute and group */
-       file_lck_grp_attr= lck_grp_attr_alloc_init();
+       file_lck_grp_attr = lck_grp_attr_alloc_init();
 
-       file_lck_grp = lck_grp_alloc_init("file",  file_lck_grp_attr);
+       file_lck_grp = lck_grp_alloc_init("file", file_lck_grp_attr);
 
        /* Allocate file lock attribute */
        file_lck_attr = lck_attr_alloc_init();
@@ -337,7 +355,7 @@ getdtablesize(proc_t p, __unused struct getdtablesize_args *uap, int32_t *retval
        *retval = min((int)p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur, maxfiles);
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -345,21 +363,22 @@ void
 procfdtbl_reservefd(struct proc * p, int fd)
 {
        p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[fd] = NULL;
-        p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] |= UF_RESERVED;
+       p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] |= UF_RESERVED;
 }
 
 void
 procfdtbl_markclosefd(struct proc * p, int fd)
 {
-        p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] |= (UF_RESERVED | UF_CLOSING);
+       p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] |= (UF_RESERVED | UF_CLOSING);
 }
 
 void
 procfdtbl_releasefd(struct proc * p, int fd, struct fileproc * fp)
 {
-       if (fp != NULL)
-               p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[fd] = fp;
-        p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] &= ~UF_RESERVED;
+       if (fp != NULL) {
+               p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[fd] = fp;
+       }
+       p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] &= ~UF_RESERVED;
        if ((p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESVWAIT) == UF_RESVWAIT) {
                p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] &= ~UF_RESVWAIT;
                wakeup(&p->p_fd);
@@ -369,7 +388,7 @@ procfdtbl_releasefd(struct proc * p, int fd, struct fileproc * fp)
 void
 procfdtbl_waitfd(struct proc * p, int fd)
 {
-        p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] |= UF_RESVWAIT;
+       p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] |= UF_RESVWAIT;
        msleep(&p->p_fd, &p->p_fdmlock, PRIBIO, "ftbl_waitfd", NULL);
 }
 
@@ -382,7 +401,7 @@ procfdtbl_clearfd(struct proc * p, int fd)
        waiting = (p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESVWAIT);
        p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[fd] = NULL;
        p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] = 0;
-       if ( waiting == UF_RESVWAIT) {
+       if (waiting == UF_RESVWAIT) {
                wakeup(&p->p_fd);
        }
 }
@@ -407,18 +426,22 @@ _fdrelse(struct proc * p, int fd)
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        int nfd = 0;
 
-       if (fd < fdp->fd_freefile)
+       if (fd < fdp->fd_freefile) {
                fdp->fd_freefile = fd;
+       }
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if (fd > fdp->fd_lastfile)
-               panic("fdrelse: fd_lastfile inconsistent");
+       if (fd > fdp->fd_lastfile) {
+               panic("fdrelse: fd_lastfile inconsistent");
+       }
 #endif
        procfdtbl_clearfd(p, fd);
 
        while ((nfd = fdp->fd_lastfile) > 0 &&
-                       fdp->fd_ofiles[nfd] == NULL &&
-                       !(fdp->fd_ofileflags[nfd] & UF_RESERVED))
+           fdp->fd_ofiles[nfd] == NULL &&
+           !(fdp->fd_ofileflags[nfd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+               /* JMM - What about files with lingering EV_VANISHED knotes? */
                fdp->fd_lastfile--;
+       }
 }
 
 
@@ -429,72 +452,78 @@ fd_rdwr(
        uint64_t base,
        int64_t len,
        enum uio_seg segflg,
-       off_t   offset,
-       int     io_flg,
+       off_t   offset,
+       int     io_flg,
        int64_t *aresid)
 {
-        struct fileproc *fp;
-       proc_t  p;
-        int error = 0;
+       struct fileproc *fp;
+       proc_t  p;
+       int error = 0;
        int flags = 0;
        int spacetype;
        uio_t auio = NULL;
-       char uio_buf[ UIO_SIZEOF(1) ];
+       char uio_buf[UIO_SIZEOF(1)];
        struct vfs_context context = *(vfs_context_current());
        bool wrote_some = false;
 
        p = current_proc();
 
-        error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 0);
-        if (error)
-                return(error);
+       error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 0);
+       if (error) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE && fp->f_type != DTYPE_PIPE && fp->f_type != DTYPE_SOCKET) {
                error = EINVAL;
                goto out;
        }
        if (rw == UIO_WRITE && !(fp->f_flag & FWRITE)) {
-                error = EBADF;
+               error = EBADF;
                goto out;
        }
 
        if (rw == UIO_READ && !(fp->f_flag & FREAD)) {
-               error = EBADF;
-               goto out;
+               error = EBADF;
+               goto out;
        }
 
        context.vc_ucred = fp->f_fglob->fg_cred;
 
-       if (UIO_SEG_IS_USER_SPACE(segflg))
+       if (UIO_SEG_IS_USER_SPACE(segflg)) {
                spacetype = proc_is64bit(p) ? UIO_USERSPACE64 : UIO_USERSPACE32;
-       else
+       } else {
                spacetype = UIO_SYSSPACE;
+       }
 
        auio = uio_createwithbuffer(1, offset, spacetype, rw, &uio_buf[0], sizeof(uio_buf));
 
        uio_addiov(auio, base, len);
 
-       if ( !(io_flg & IO_APPEND))
+       if (!(io_flg & IO_APPEND)) {
                flags = FOF_OFFSET;
+       }
 
        if (rw == UIO_WRITE) {
                user_ssize_t orig_resid = uio_resid(auio);
                error = fo_write(fp, auio, flags, &context);
                wrote_some = uio_resid(auio) < orig_resid;
-       } else
+       } else {
                error = fo_read(fp, auio, flags, &context);
+       }
 
-       if (aresid)
+       if (aresid) {
                *aresid = uio_resid(auio);
-       else {
-               if (uio_resid(auio) && error == 0)
+       else {
+               if (uio_resid(auio) && error == 0) {
                        error = EIO;
+               }
        }
 out:
-        if (wrote_some)
-                fp_drop_written(p, fd, fp);
-        else
-                fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 0);
+       if (wrote_some) {
+               fp_drop_written(p, fd, fp);
+       } else {
+               fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 0);
+       }
 
        return error;
 }
@@ -525,20 +554,20 @@ dup(proc_t p, struct dup_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        proc_fdlock(p);
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, old, &fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, old, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        if (FP_ISGUARDED(fp, GUARD_DUP)) {
                error = fp_guard_exception(p, old, fp, kGUARD_EXC_DUP);
                (void) fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (error);
+               return error;
        }
-       if ( (error = fdalloc(p, 0, &new)) ) {
+       if ((error = fdalloc(p, 0, &new))) {
                fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (error);
+               return error;
        }
        error = finishdup(p, fdp, old, new, 0, retval);
        fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
@@ -549,7 +578,7 @@ dup(proc_t p, struct dup_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                    new, 0, (int64_t)VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(fp->f_data));
        }
 
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -579,34 +608,34 @@ dup2(proc_t p, struct dup2_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        proc_fdlock(p);
 
 startover:
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, old, &fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, old, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        if (FP_ISGUARDED(fp, GUARD_DUP)) {
                error = fp_guard_exception(p, old, fp, kGUARD_EXC_DUP);
                (void) fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (error);
+               return error;
        }
        if (new < 0 ||
-               (rlim_t)new >= p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur ||
+           (rlim_t)new >= p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur ||
            new >= maxfiles) {
                fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (old == new) {
                fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
                *retval = new;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (0);
+               return 0;
        }
        if (new < 0 || new >= fdp->fd_nfiles) {
-               if ( (error = fdalloc(p, new, &i)) ) {
+               if ((error = fdalloc(p, new, &i))) {
                        fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
                        proc_fdunlock(p);
-                       return (error);
+                       return error;
                }
                if (new != i) {
                        fdrelse(p, i);
@@ -614,13 +643,13 @@ startover:
                }
        } else {
 closeit:
-               while ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[new] & UF_RESERVED) == UF_RESERVED)  {
-                               fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
-                               procfdtbl_waitfd(p, new);
+               while ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[new] & UF_RESERVED) == UF_RESERVED) {
+                       fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
+                       procfdtbl_waitfd(p, new);
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-                               proc_fdlock_assert(p, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+                       proc_fdlock_assert(p, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
 #endif
-                               goto startover;
+                       goto startover;
                }
 
                if ((fdp->fd_ofiles[new] != NULL) &&
@@ -631,7 +660,7 @@ closeit:
                                    new, nfp, kGUARD_EXC_CLOSE);
                                (void) fp_drop(p, new, nfp, 1);
                                proc_fdunlock(p);
-                               return (error);
+                               return error;
                        }
                        (void)close_internal_locked(p, new, nfp, FD_DUP2RESV);
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
@@ -639,10 +668,11 @@ closeit:
 #endif
                        procfdtbl_clearfd(p, new);
                        goto startover;
-               } else  {
+               } else {
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-                       if (fdp->fd_ofiles[new] != NULL)
+                       if (fdp->fd_ofiles[new] != NULL) {
                                panic("dup2: no ref on fileproc %d", new);
+                       }
 #endif
                        procfdtbl_reservefd(p, new);
                }
@@ -650,19 +680,20 @@ closeit:
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
                proc_fdlock_assert(p, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
 #endif
-
        }
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if (fdp->fd_ofiles[new] != 0)
+       if (fdp->fd_ofiles[new] != 0) {
                panic("dup2: overwriting fd_ofiles with new %d", new);
-       if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[new] & UF_RESERVED) == 0)
+       }
+       if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[new] & UF_RESERVED) == 0) {
                panic("dup2: unreserved fileflags with new %d", new);
+       }
 #endif
        error = finishdup(p, fdp, old, new, 0, retval);
        fp_drop(p, old, fp, 1);
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -691,7 +722,7 @@ int
 fcntl(proc_t p, struct fcntl_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 {
        __pthread_testcancel(1);
-       return(fcntl_nocancel(p, (struct fcntl_nocancel_args *)uap, retval));
+       return fcntl_nocancel(p, (struct fcntl_nocancel_args *)uap, retval);
 }
 
 
@@ -756,9 +787,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
        char *pop;
-       struct vnode *vp = NULLVP;      /* for AUDIT_ARG() at end */
+       struct vnode *vp = NULLVP;      /* for AUDIT_ARG() at end */
        int i, tmp, error, error2, flg = 0;
-       struct flock fl;
+       struct flock fl = {};
        struct flocktimeout fltimeout;
        struct timespec *timeout = NULL;
        struct vfs_context context;
@@ -773,9 +804,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        AUDIT_ARG(cmd, uap->cmd);
 
        proc_fdlock(p);
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        context.vc_thread = current_thread();
        context.vc_ucred = fp->f_cred;
@@ -783,8 +814,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        is64bit = proc_is64bit(p);
        if (is64bit) {
                argp = uap->arg;
-       }
-       else {
+       } else {
                /*
                 * Since the arg parameter is defined as a long but may be
                 * either a long or a pointer we must take care to handle
@@ -802,12 +832,12 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        error = mac_file_check_fcntl(proc_ucred(p), fp->f_fglob, uap->cmd,
            uap->arg);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto out;
+       }
 #endif
 
        switch (uap->cmd) {
-
        case F_DUPFD:
        case F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC:
                if (FP_ISGUARDED(fp, GUARD_DUP)) {
@@ -821,8 +851,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = EINVAL;
                        goto out;
                }
-               if ( (error = fdalloc(p, newmin, &i)) )
+               if ((error = fdalloc(p, newmin, &i))) {
                        goto out;
+               }
                error = finishdup(p, fdp, fd, i,
                    uap->cmd == F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC ? UF_EXCLOSE : 0, retval);
                goto out;
@@ -834,9 +865,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
        case F_SETFD:
                AUDIT_ARG(value32, uap->arg);
-               if (uap->arg & FD_CLOEXEC)
+               if (uap->arg & FD_CLOEXEC) {
                        *pop |= UF_EXCLOSE;
-               else {
+               else {
                        if (FILEPROC_TYPE(fp) == FTYPE_GUARDED) {
                                error = fp_guard_exception(p,
                                    fd, fp, kGUARD_EXC_NOCLOEXEC);
@@ -859,12 +890,14 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                fp->f_flag |= FFLAGS(tmp) & FCNTLFLAGS;
                tmp = fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK;
                error = fo_ioctl(fp, FIONBIO, (caddr_t)&tmp, &context);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto out;
+               }
                tmp = fp->f_flag & FASYNC;
                error = fo_ioctl(fp, FIOASYNC, (caddr_t)&tmp, &context);
-               if (!error)
+               if (!error) {
                        goto out;
+               }
                fp->f_flag &= ~FNONBLOCK;
                tmp = 0;
                (void)fo_ioctl(fp, FIONBIO, (caddr_t)&tmp, &context);
@@ -876,7 +909,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = 0;
                        goto out;
                }
-               error = fo_ioctl(fp, (int)TIOCGPGRP, (caddr_t)retval, &context);
+               error = fo_ioctl(fp, TIOCGPGRP, (caddr_t)retval, &context);
                *retval = -*retval;
                goto out;
 
@@ -885,7 +918,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                AUDIT_ARG(value32, tmp);
                if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_SOCKET) {
                        ((struct socket *)fp->f_data)->so_pgid = tmp;
-                       error =0;
+                       error = 0;
                        goto out;
                }
                if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_PIPE) {
@@ -904,7 +937,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        tmp = (int)p1->p_pgrpid;
                        proc_rele(p1);
                }
-               error =  fo_ioctl(fp, (int)TIOCSPGRP, (caddr_t)&tmp, &context);
+               error =  fo_ioctl(fp, TIOCSPGRP, (caddr_t)&tmp, &context);
                goto out;
 
        case F_SETNOSIGPIPE:
@@ -912,7 +945,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_SOCKET) {
 #if SOCKETS
                        error = sock_setsockopt((struct socket *)fp->f_data,
-                           SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &tmp, sizeof (tmp));
+                           SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
 #else
                        error = EINVAL;
 #endif
@@ -920,10 +953,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        struct fileglob *fg = fp->f_fglob;
 
                        lck_mtx_lock_spin(&fg->fg_lock);
-                       if (tmp)
+                       if (tmp) {
                                fg->fg_lflags |= FG_NOSIGPIPE;
-                       else
-                               fg->fg_lflags &= FG_NOSIGPIPE;
+                       } else {
+                               fg->fg_lflags &= ~FG_NOSIGPIPE;
+                       }
                        lck_mtx_unlock(&fg->fg_lock);
                        error = 0;
                }
@@ -932,7 +966,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        case F_GETNOSIGPIPE:
                if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_SOCKET) {
 #if SOCKETS
-                       int retsize = sizeof (*retval);
+                       int retsize = sizeof(*retval);
                        error = sock_getsockopt((struct socket *)fp->f_data,
                            SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, retval, &retsize);
 #else
@@ -940,7 +974,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 #endif
                } else {
                        *retval = (fp->f_fglob->fg_lflags & FG_NOSIGPIPE) ?
-                               1 : 0;
+                           1 : 0;
                        error = 0;
                }
                goto out;
@@ -957,22 +991,23 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        struct fileglob *fg = fp->f_fglob;
 
                        lck_mtx_lock_spin(&fg->fg_lock);
-                       if (fg->fg_lflags & FG_CONFINED)
+                       if (fg->fg_lflags & FG_CONFINED) {
                                error = 0;
-                       else if (1 != fg->fg_count)
-                               error = EAGAIN; /* go close the dup .. */
-                       else if (UF_FORKCLOSE == (*pop & UF_FORKCLOSE)) {
+                       } else if (1 != fg->fg_count) {
+                               error = EAGAIN; /* go close the dup .. */
+                       else if (UF_FORKCLOSE == (*pop & UF_FORKCLOSE)) {
                                fg->fg_lflags |= FG_CONFINED;
                                error = 0;
-                       } else
-                               error = EBADF;  /* open without O_CLOFORK? */
+                       } else {
+                               error = EBADF;  /* open without O_CLOFORK? */
+                       }
                        lck_mtx_unlock(&fg->fg_lock);
                } else {
                        /*
                         * Other subsystems may have built on the immutability
                         * of FG_CONFINED; clearing it may be tricky.
                         */
-                       error = EPERM;          /* immutable */
+                       error = EPERM;          /* immutable */
                }
                goto out;
 
@@ -986,7 +1021,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        case F_OFD_SETLKWTIMEOUT:
        case F_OFD_SETLKW:
                flg |= F_WAIT;
-               /* Fall into F_SETLK */
+       /* Fall into F_SETLK */
 
        case F_SETLK:
        case F_OFD_SETLK:
@@ -1023,11 +1058,12 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        goto outdrop;
                }
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) ) {
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp))) {
                        goto outdrop;
                }
-               if (fl.l_whence == SEEK_CUR)
+               if (fl.l_whence == SEEK_CUR) {
                        fl.l_start += offset;
+               }
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
                error = mac_file_check_lock(proc_ucred(p), fp->f_fglob,
@@ -1121,6 +1157,8 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
        case F_GETLK:
        case F_OFD_GETLK:
+       case F_GETLKPID:
+       case F_OFD_GETLKPID:
                if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
@@ -1132,8 +1170,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                /* Copy in the lock structure */
                error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&fl, sizeof(fl));
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto outdrop;
+               }
 
                /* Check starting byte and ending byte for EOVERFLOW in SEEK_CUR */
                /* and ending byte for EOVERFLOW in SEEK_SET */
@@ -1167,9 +1206,10 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        goto outdrop;
                }
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
-                       if (fl.l_whence == SEEK_CUR)
-                               fl.l_start += offset;
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       if (fl.l_whence == SEEK_CUR) {
+                               fl.l_start += offset;
+                       }
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
                        error = mac_file_check_lock(proc_ucred(p), fp->f_fglob,
@@ -1193,8 +1233,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
 
-                       if (error == 0)
+                       if (error == 0) {
                                error = copyout((caddr_t)&fl, argp, sizeof(fl));
+                       }
                }
                goto outdrop;
 
@@ -1217,8 +1258,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
 
                error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&alloc_struct, sizeof(alloc_struct));
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto outdrop;
+               }
 
                /* now set the space allocated to 0 */
                alloc_struct.fst_bytesalloc = 0;
@@ -1231,11 +1273,13 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                alloc_flags |= PREALLOCATE;
 
-               if (alloc_struct.fst_flags & F_ALLOCATECONTIG)
+               if (alloc_struct.fst_flags & F_ALLOCATECONTIG) {
                        alloc_flags |= ALLOCATECONTIG;
+               }
 
-               if (alloc_struct.fst_flags & F_ALLOCATEALL)
+               if (alloc_struct.fst_flags & F_ALLOCATEALL) {
                        alloc_flags |= ALLOCATEALL;
+               }
 
                /*
                 * Do any position mode specific stuff.  The only
@@ -1243,7 +1287,6 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 */
 
                switch (alloc_struct.fst_posmode) {
-
                case F_PEOFPOSMODE:
                        if (alloc_struct.fst_offset != 0) {
                                error = EINVAL;
@@ -1265,21 +1308,22 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                default: {
                        error = EINVAL;
                        goto outdrop;
-                       }
                }
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
-                       /*
+               }
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       /*
                         * call allocate to get the space
                         */
-                       error = VNOP_ALLOCATE(vp,alloc_struct.fst_length,alloc_flags,
-                                             &alloc_struct.fst_bytesalloc, alloc_struct.fst_offset,
-                                             &context);
+                       error = VNOP_ALLOCATE(vp, alloc_struct.fst_length, alloc_flags,
+                           &alloc_struct.fst_bytesalloc, alloc_struct.fst_offset,
+                           &context);
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
 
                        error2 = copyout((caddr_t)&alloc_struct, argp, sizeof(alloc_struct));
 
-                       if (error == 0)
+                       if (error == 0) {
                                error = error2;
+                       }
                }
                goto outdrop;
        }
@@ -1355,6 +1399,50 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                goto outdrop;
        }
+       case F_SPECULATIVE_READ: {
+               fspecread_t args;
+
+               if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
+                       error = EBADF;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+
+               vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
+
+               if ((error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&args, sizeof(args)))) {
+                       goto outdrop;
+               }
+
+               /* Discard invalid offsets or lengths */
+               if ((args.fsr_offset < 0) || (args.fsr_length < 0)) {
+                       error = EINVAL;
+                       goto outdrop;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Round the file offset down to a page-size boundary (or to 0).
+                * The filesystem will need to round the length up to the end of the page boundary
+                * or to the EOF of the file.
+                */
+               uint64_t foff = (((uint64_t)args.fsr_offset) & ~((uint64_t)PAGE_MASK));
+               uint64_t foff_delta = args.fsr_offset - foff;
+               args.fsr_offset = (off_t) foff;
+
+               /*
+                * Now add in the delta to the supplied length. Since we may have adjusted the
+                * offset, increase it by the amount that we adjusted.
+                */
+               args.fsr_length += foff_delta;
+
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp))) {
+                       goto outdrop;
+               }
+               error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, F_SPECULATIVE_READ, (caddr_t)&args, 0, &context);
+               (void)vnode_put(vp);
+
+               goto outdrop;
+       }
        case F_SETSIZE:
                if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
                        error = EBADF;
@@ -1363,14 +1451,16 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-               error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&offset, sizeof (off_t));
-               if (error)
+               error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&offset, sizeof(off_t));
+               if (error) {
                        goto outdrop;
+               }
                AUDIT_ARG(value64, offset);
 
                error = vnode_getwithref(vp);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto outdrop;
+               }
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
                error = mac_vnode_check_truncate(&context,
@@ -1395,8 +1485,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                            &context);
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                       if (error == 0)
+                       if (error == 0) {
                                mac_vnode_notify_truncate(&context, fp->f_fglob->fg_cred, vp);
+                       }
 #endif
                }
 
@@ -1408,10 +1499,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
-               if (uap->arg)
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FNORDAHEAD;
-               else
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FNORDAHEAD;
+               if (uap->arg) {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FNORDAHEAD;
+               } else {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FNORDAHEAD;
+               }
 
                goto out;
 
@@ -1420,10 +1512,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
-               if (uap->arg)
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FNOCACHE;
-               else
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FNOCACHE;
+               if (uap->arg) {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FNOCACHE;
+               } else {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FNOCACHE;
+               }
 
                goto out;
 
@@ -1432,10 +1525,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
-               if (uap->arg)
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FNODIRECT;
-               else
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FNODIRECT;
+               if (uap->arg) {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FNODIRECT;
+               } else {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FNODIRECT;
+               }
 
                goto out;
 
@@ -1444,50 +1538,51 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
-               if (uap->arg)
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FSINGLE_WRITER;
-               else
-                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FSINGLE_WRITER;
+               if (uap->arg) {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag |= FSINGLE_WRITER;
+               } else {
+                       fp->f_fglob->fg_flag &= ~FSINGLE_WRITER;
+               }
 
                goto out;
 
        case F_GLOBAL_NOCACHE:
-               if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
-                       error = EBADF;
+               if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
+                       error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
-
-                       *retval = vnode_isnocache(vp);
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       *retval = vnode_isnocache(vp);
 
-                       if (uap->arg)
-                               vnode_setnocache(vp);
-                       else
-                               vnode_clearnocache(vp);
+                       if (uap->arg) {
+                               vnode_setnocache(vp);
+                       } else {
+                               vnode_clearnocache(vp);
+                       }
 
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
                }
                goto outdrop;
 
        case F_CHECK_OPENEVT:
-               if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
-                       error = EBADF;
+               if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
+                       error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       *retval = vnode_is_openevt(vp);
 
-                       *retval = vnode_is_openevt(vp);
-
-                       if (uap->arg)
-                               vnode_set_openevt(vp);
-                       else
-                               vnode_clear_openevt(vp);
+                       if (uap->arg) {
+                               vnode_set_openevt(vp);
+                       } else {
+                               vnode_clear_openevt(vp);
+                       }
 
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
                }
@@ -1503,35 +1598,36 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-               if ( (error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&ra_struct, sizeof(ra_struct))) )
+               if ((error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&ra_struct, sizeof(ra_struct)))) {
                        goto outdrop;
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
-                       error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, F_RDADVISE, (caddr_t)&ra_struct, 0, &context);
+               }
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, F_RDADVISE, (caddr_t)&ra_struct, 0, &context);
 
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
                }
                goto outdrop;
-               }
+       }
 
-        case F_FLUSH_DATA:
+       case F_FLUSH_DATA:
 
-                if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
-                        error = EBADF;
-                        goto out;
-                }
-                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
-                proc_fdunlock(p);
+               if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
+                       error = EBADF;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-                if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
-                        error = VNOP_FSYNC(vp, MNT_NOWAIT, &context);
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       error = VNOP_FSYNC(vp, MNT_NOWAIT, &context);
 
-                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
-                }
-                goto outdrop;
+                       (void)vnode_put(vp);
+               }
+               goto outdrop;
 
        case F_LOG2PHYS:
        case F_LOG2PHYS_EXT: {
-               struct log2phys l2p_struct;    /* structure for allocate command */
+               struct log2phys l2p_struct = {};    /* structure for allocate command */
                int devBlockSize;
 
                off_t file_offset = 0;
@@ -1540,8 +1636,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                if (uap->cmd == F_LOG2PHYS_EXT) {
                        error = copyin(argp, (caddr_t)&l2p_struct, sizeof(l2p_struct));
-                       if (error)
+                       if (error) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
                        file_offset = l2p_struct.l2p_devoffset;
                } else {
                        file_offset = fp->f_offset;
@@ -1552,7 +1649,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) ) {
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp))) {
                        goto outdrop;
                }
                error = VNOP_OFFTOBLK(vp, file_offset, &lbn);
@@ -1583,11 +1680,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                (void)vnode_put(vp);
 
                if (!error) {
-                       l2p_struct.l2p_flags = 0;       /* for now */
+                       l2p_struct.l2p_flags = 0;       /* for now */
                        if (uap->cmd == F_LOG2PHYS_EXT) {
                                l2p_struct.l2p_contigbytes = run - (file_offset - offset);
                        } else {
-                               l2p_struct.l2p_contigbytes = 0; /* for now */
+                               l2p_struct.l2p_contigbytes = 0; /* for now */
                        }
 
                        /*
@@ -1597,16 +1694,16 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        if (bn == -1) {
                                /* Don't multiply it by the block size */
                                l2p_struct.l2p_devoffset = bn;
-                       }
-                       else {
+                       } else {
                                l2p_struct.l2p_devoffset = bn * devBlockSize;
                                l2p_struct.l2p_devoffset += file_offset - offset;
                        }
                        error = copyout((caddr_t)&l2p_struct, argp, sizeof(l2p_struct));
                }
                goto outdrop;
-               }
-       case F_GETPATH: {
+       }
+       case F_GETPATH:
+       case F_GETPATH_NOFIRMLINK: {
                char *pathbufp;
                int pathlen;
 
@@ -1623,12 +1720,17 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = ENOMEM;
                        goto outdrop;
                }
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
-                       error = vn_getpath(vp, pathbufp, &pathlen);
-                       (void)vnode_put(vp);
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       if (uap->cmd == F_GETPATH_NOFIRMLINK) {
+                               error = vn_getpath_ext(vp, NULL, pathbufp, &pathlen, VN_GETPATH_NO_FIRMLINK);
+                       } else {
+                               error = vn_getpath(vp, pathbufp, &pathlen);
+                       }
+                       (void)vnode_put(vp);
 
-                       if (error == 0)
-                               error = copyout((caddr_t)pathbufp, argp, pathlen);
+                       if (error == 0) {
+                               error = copyout((caddr_t)pathbufp, argp, pathlen);
+                       }
                }
                FREE(pathbufp, M_TEMP);
                goto outdrop;
@@ -1639,7 +1741,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                size_t pathlen;
 
                if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
-                       error = EBADF;
+                       error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
@@ -1648,10 +1750,10 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                pathlen = MAXPATHLEN;
                pathbufp = kalloc(MAXPATHLEN);
 
-               if ( (error = copyinstr(argp, pathbufp, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen)) == 0 ) {
-                       if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
+               if ((error = copyinstr(argp, pathbufp, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen)) == 0) {
+                       if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
                                AUDIT_ARG(text, pathbufp);
-                               error = vn_path_package_check(vp, pathbufp, pathlen, retval);
+                               error = vn_path_package_check(vp, pathbufp, pathlen, retval);
 
                                (void)vnode_put(vp);
                        }
@@ -1672,8 +1774,8 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
-                       error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t)NULL, 0, &context);
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t)NULL, 0, &context);
 
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
                }
@@ -1729,16 +1831,16 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                AUDIT_ARG(mode, fopen.o_mode);
                VATTR_INIT(&va);
                /* Mask off all but regular access permissions */
-               cmode = ((fopen.o_mode &fdp->fd_cmask) & ALLPERMS) & ~S_ISTXT;
+               cmode = ((fopen.o_mode & ~fdp->fd_cmask) & ALLPERMS) & ~S_ISTXT;
                VATTR_SET(&va, va_mode, cmode & ACCESSPERMS);
 
                /* Start the lookup relative to the file descriptor's vnode. */
                NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, USEDVP | FOLLOW | AUDITVNPATH1, UIO_USERSPACE,
-                      fopen.o_pathname, &context);
+                   fopen.o_pathname, &context);
                nd.ni_dvp = vp;
 
                error = open1(&context, &nd, fopen.o_flags, &va,
-                             fileproc_alloc_init, NULL, retval);
+                   fileproc_alloc_init, NULL, retval);
 
                vnode_put(vp);
                break;
@@ -1782,7 +1884,6 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                vnode_put(vp);
                break;
-
        }
 
        case F_ADDSIGS:
@@ -1814,15 +1915,16 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
 
                error = vnode_getwithref(vp);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto outdrop;
+               }
 
                if (IS_64BIT_PROCESS(p)) {
-                       error = copyin(argp, &fs, sizeof (fs));
+                       error = copyin(argp, &fs, sizeof(fs));
                } else {
                        struct user32_fsignatures fs32;
 
-                       error = copyin(argp, &fs32, sizeof (fs32));
+                       error = copyin(argp, &fs32, sizeof(fs32));
                        fs.fs_file_start = fs32.fs_file_start;
                        fs.fs_blob_start = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(fs32.fs_blob_start);
                        fs.fs_blob_size = fs32.fs_blob_size;
@@ -1837,18 +1939,21 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 * First check if we have something loaded a this offset
                 */
                blob = ubc_cs_blob_get(vp, CPU_TYPE_ANY, fs.fs_file_start);
-               if (blob != NULL)
-               {
+               if (blob != NULL) {
                        /* If this is for dyld_sim revalidate the blob */
                        if (uap->cmd == F_ADDFILESIGS_FOR_DYLD_SIM) {
                                error = ubc_cs_blob_revalidate(vp, blob, NULL, blob_add_flags);
                                if (error) {
-                                       vnode_put(vp);
-                                       goto outdrop;
+                                       blob = NULL;
+                                       if (error != EAGAIN) {
+                                               vnode_put(vp);
+                                               goto outdrop;
+                                       }
                                }
                        }
+               }
 
-               } else {
+               if (blob == NULL) {
                        /*
                         * An arbitrary limit, to prevent someone from mapping in a 20GB blob.  This should cover
                         * our use cases for the immediate future, but note that at the time of this commit, some
@@ -1873,23 +1978,23 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                goto outdrop;
                        }
 
-                       if(uap->cmd == F_ADDSIGS) {
+                       if (uap->cmd == F_ADDSIGS) {
                                error = copyin(fs.fs_blob_start,
-                                              (void *) kernel_blob_addr,
-                                              kernel_blob_size);
-                       } else /* F_ADDFILESIGS || F_ADDFILESIGS_RETURN || F_ADDFILESIGS_FOR_DYLD_SIM */ {
+                                   (void *) kernel_blob_addr,
+                                   kernel_blob_size);
+                       } else { /* F_ADDFILESIGS || F_ADDFILESIGS_RETURN || F_ADDFILESIGS_FOR_DYLD_SIM */
                                int resid;
 
                                error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ,
-                                               vp,
-                                               (caddr_t) kernel_blob_addr,
-                                               kernel_blob_size,
-                                               fs.fs_file_start + fs.fs_blob_start,
-                                               UIO_SYSSPACE,
-                                               0,
-                                               kauth_cred_get(),
-                                               &resid,
-                                               p);
+                                   vp,
+                                   (caddr_t) kernel_blob_addr,
+                                   kernel_blob_size,
+                                   fs.fs_file_start + fs.fs_blob_start,
+                                   UIO_SYSSPACE,
+                                   0,
+                                   kauth_cred_get(),
+                                   &resid,
+                                   p);
                                if ((error == 0) && resid) {
                                        /* kernel_blob_size rounded to a page size, but signature may be at end of file */
                                        memset((void *)(kernel_blob_addr + (kernel_blob_size - resid)), 0x0, resid);
@@ -1898,26 +2003,26 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                        if (error) {
                                ubc_cs_blob_deallocate(kernel_blob_addr,
-                                                      kernel_blob_size);
+                                   kernel_blob_size);
                                vnode_put(vp);
                                goto outdrop;
                        }
 
                        blob = NULL;
                        error = ubc_cs_blob_add(vp,
-                                               CPU_TYPE_ANY,   /* not for a specific architecture */
-                                               fs.fs_file_start,
-                                               &kernel_blob_addr,
-                                               kernel_blob_size,
-                                               NULL,
-                                               blob_add_flags,
-                                               &blob);
+                           CPU_TYPE_ANY,                       /* not for a specific architecture */
+                           fs.fs_file_start,
+                           &kernel_blob_addr,
+                           kernel_blob_size,
+                           NULL,
+                           blob_add_flags,
+                           &blob);
 
                        /* ubc_blob_add() has consumed "kernel_blob_addr" if it is zeroed */
                        if (error) {
                                if (kernel_blob_addr) {
                                        ubc_cs_blob_deallocate(kernel_blob_addr,
-                                                              kernel_blob_size);
+                                           kernel_blob_size);
                                }
                                vnode_put(vp);
                                goto outdrop;
@@ -1935,9 +2040,10 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                         * all archs. Lets overwrite that.
                         */
                        off_t end_offset = 0;
-                       if (blob)
+                       if (blob) {
                                end_offset = blob->csb_end_offset;
-                       error = copyout(&end_offset, argp, sizeof (end_offset));
+                       }
+                       error = copyout(&end_offset, argp, sizeof(end_offset));
                }
 
                (void) vnode_put(vp);
@@ -1950,7 +2056,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        }
        case F_CHECK_LV: {
                struct fileglob *fg;
-               fchecklv_t lv;
+               fchecklv_t lv = {};
 
                if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
                        error = EBADF;
@@ -1960,21 +2066,22 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                proc_fdunlock(p);
 
                if (IS_64BIT_PROCESS(p)) {
-                       error = copyin(argp, &lv, sizeof (lv));
+                       error = copyin(argp, &lv, sizeof(lv));
                } else {
-                       struct user32_fchecklv lv32;
+                       struct user32_fchecklv lv32 = {};
 
-                       error = copyin(argp, &lv32, sizeof (lv32));
+                       error = copyin(argp, &lv32, sizeof(lv32));
                        lv.lv_file_start = lv32.lv_file_start;
-                       lv.lv_error_message = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(lv32.lv_error_message);
-                       lv.lv_error_message_size = lv32.lv_error_message;
+                       lv.lv_error_message = (void *)(uintptr_t)lv32.lv_error_message;
+                       lv.lv_error_message_size = lv32.lv_error_message_size;
                }
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto outdrop;
+               }
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
                error = mac_file_check_library_validation(p, fg, lv.lv_file_start,
-                   lv.lv_error_message, lv.lv_error_message_size);
+                   (user_long_t)lv.lv_error_message, lv.lv_error_message_size);
 #endif
 
                break;
@@ -2000,10 +2107,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_dataprotect_class);
                error = VNOP_GETATTR(vp, &va, &context);
                if (!error) {
-                       if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_dataprotect_class))
+                       if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_dataprotect_class)) {
                                *retval = va.va_dataprotect_class;
-                       else
+                       } else {
                                error = ENOTSUP;
+                       }
                }
 
                vnode_put(vp);
@@ -2029,7 +2137,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                /* Only go forward if you have write access */
                vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
-               if(vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
+               if (vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
                        vnode_put(vp);
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto outdrop;
@@ -2064,7 +2172,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        .len = CP_MAX_WRAPPEDKEYSIZE,
                };
 
-               MALLOC(k.key, char *, k.len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+               MALLOC(k.key, char *, k.len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
 
                error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, F_TRANSCODEKEY, (caddr_t)&k, 1, &context);
 
@@ -2087,7 +2195,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
 
                vp = (struct vnode*) fp->f_data;
-               proc_fdunlock (p);
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
 
                if (vnode_getwithref(vp)) {
                        error = ENOENT;
@@ -2096,7 +2204,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, F_GETPROTECTIONLEVEL, (caddr_t)retval, 0, &context);
 
-               vnode_put (vp);
+               vnode_put(vp);
                break;
        }
 
@@ -2107,7 +2215,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
 
                vp = (struct vnode*) fp->f_data;
-               proc_fdunlock (p);
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
 
                if (vnode_getwithref(vp)) {
                        error = ENOENT;
@@ -2121,7 +2229,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, F_GETDEFAULTPROTLEVEL, (caddr_t)retval, 0, &context);
 
-               vnode_put (vp);
+               vnode_put(vp);
                break;
        }
 
@@ -2135,18 +2243,22 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                int fd2 = CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT(int32_t, uap->arg);
 
                error = priv_check_cred(kauth_cred_get(), PRIV_VFS_MOVE_DATA_EXTENTS, 0);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto out;
+               }
 
                if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
 
-               /* For now, special case HFS+ only, since this is SPI. */
+               /*
+                * For now, special case HFS+ and APFS only, since this
+                * is SPI.
+                */
                src_vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
-               if (src_vp->v_tag != VT_HFS) {
-                       error = EINVAL;
+               if (src_vp->v_tag != VT_HFS && src_vp->v_tag != VT_APFS) {
+                       error = ENOTSUP;
                        goto out;
                }
 
@@ -2154,7 +2266,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 * Get the references before we start acquiring iocounts on the vnodes,
                 * while we still hold the proc fd lock
                 */
-               if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, fd2, &fp2, 1)) ) {
+               if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd2, &fp2, 1))) {
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto out;
                }
@@ -2164,9 +2276,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        goto out;
                }
                dst_vp = (struct vnode *)fp2->f_data;
-               if (dst_vp->v_tag != VT_HFS) {
+               if (dst_vp->v_tag != VT_HFS && dst_vp->v_tag != VT_APFS) {
                        fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 1);
-                       error = EINVAL;
+                       error = ENOTSUP;
                        goto out;
                }
 
@@ -2189,7 +2301,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        goto outdrop;
                }
                if (vnode_getwithref(dst_vp)) {
-                       vnode_put (src_vp);
+                       vnode_put(src_vp);
                        fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 0);
                        error = ENOENT;
                        goto outdrop;
@@ -2200,17 +2312,17 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 * both live on the same filesystem.
                 */
                if (dst_vp == src_vp) {
-                       vnode_put (src_vp);
-                       vnode_put (dst_vp);
-                       fp_drop (p, fd2, fp2, 0);
+                       vnode_put(src_vp);
+                       vnode_put(dst_vp);
+                       fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 0);
                        error = EINVAL;
                        goto outdrop;
                }
 
                if (dst_vp->v_mount != src_vp->v_mount) {
-                       vnode_put (src_vp);
-                       vnode_put (dst_vp);
-                       fp_drop (p, fd2, fp2, 0);
+                       vnode_put(src_vp);
+                       vnode_put(dst_vp);
+                       fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 0);
                        error = EXDEV;
                        goto outdrop;
                }
@@ -2218,8 +2330,8 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                /* Now we have a legit pair of FDs.  Go to work */
 
                /* Now check for write access to the target files */
-               if(vnode_authorize(src_vp, NULLVP,
-                                                  (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), &context) != 0) {
+               if (vnode_authorize(src_vp, NULLVP,
+                   (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), &context) != 0) {
                        vnode_put(src_vp);
                        vnode_put(dst_vp);
                        fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 0);
@@ -2227,8 +2339,8 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        goto outdrop;
                }
 
-               if(vnode_authorize(dst_vp, NULLVP,
-                                                  (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), &context) != 0) {
+               if (vnode_authorize(dst_vp, NULLVP,
+                   (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), &context) != 0) {
                        vnode_put(src_vp);
                        vnode_put(dst_vp);
                        fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 0);
@@ -2237,11 +2349,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
 
                /* Verify that both vps point to files and not directories */
-               if ( !vnode_isreg(src_vp) || !vnode_isreg(dst_vp)) {
+               if (!vnode_isreg(src_vp) || !vnode_isreg(dst_vp)) {
                        error = EINVAL;
-                       vnode_put (src_vp);
-                       vnode_put (dst_vp);
-                       fp_drop (p, fd2, fp2, 0);
+                       vnode_put(src_vp);
+                       vnode_put(dst_vp);
+                       fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 0);
                        goto outdrop;
                }
 
@@ -2252,8 +2364,8 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                error = VNOP_EXCHANGE(src_vp, dst_vp, FSOPT_EXCHANGE_DATA_ONLY, &context);
 
-               vnode_put (src_vp);
-               vnode_put (dst_vp);
+               vnode_put(src_vp);
+               vnode_put(dst_vp);
                fp_drop(p, fd2, fp2, 0);
                break;
        }
@@ -2270,7 +2382,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
 
                vp = (struct vnode*) fp->f_data;
-               proc_fdunlock (p);
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
 
                /* get the vnode */
                if (vnode_getwithref(vp)) {
@@ -2288,7 +2400,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                /* invoke ioctl to pass off to FS */
                /* Only go forward if you have write access */
                vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
-               if(vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
+               if (vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
                        vnode_put(vp);
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto outdrop;
@@ -2296,7 +2408,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t)&gcounter, 0, &context);
 
-               vnode_put (vp);
+               vnode_put(vp);
                break;
        }
 
@@ -2305,9 +2417,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
         * the open FD will written to the Fastflow.
         */
        case F_SET_GREEDY_MODE:
-               /* intentionally drop through to the same handler as F_SETSTATIC.
-                * both fcntls should pass the argument and their selector into VNOP_IOCTL.
-                */
+       /* intentionally drop through to the same handler as F_SETSTATIC.
+        * both fcntls should pass the argument and their selector into VNOP_IOCTL.
+        */
 
        /*
         * SPI (private) for indicating to a filesystem that subsequent writes to
@@ -2335,7 +2447,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                /* Only go forward if you have write access */
                vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
-               if(vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
+               if (vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
                        vnode_put(vp);
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto outdrop;
@@ -2360,8 +2472,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        /* extract 32 bits of flags from userland */
                        param_ptr = (caddr_t) uap->arg;
                        param = (uint32_t) param_ptr;
-               }
-               else {
+               } else {
                        /* If no argument is specified, error out */
                        error = EINVAL;
                        goto out;
@@ -2372,12 +2483,12 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 * all of them are mutually exclusive for now.
                 */
                switch (param) {
-                       case F_IOTYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-                               break;
+               case F_IOTYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
+                       break;
 
-                       default:
-                               error = EINVAL;
-                               goto out;
+               default:
+                       error = EINVAL;
+                       goto out;
                }
 
 
@@ -2396,7 +2507,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                /* Only go forward if you have write access */
                vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
-               if(vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
+               if (vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
                        vnode_put(vp);
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto outdrop;
@@ -2434,7 +2545,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                /* only proceed if you have write access */
                vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
-               if(vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
+               if (vnode_authorize(vp, NULLVP, (KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA), ctx) != 0) {
                        vnode_put(vp);
                        error = EBADF;
                        goto outdrop;
@@ -2443,10 +2554,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
                /* If arg != 0, set, otherwise unset */
                if (uap->arg) {
-                       error = VNOP_IOCTL (vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t)1, 0, &context);
-               }
-               else {
-                       error = VNOP_IOCTL (vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t)NULL, 0, &context);
+                       error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t)1, 0, &context);
+               } else {
+                       error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t)NULL, 0, &context);
                }
 
                vnode_put(vp);
@@ -2474,13 +2584,13 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        error = ENOMEM;
                        goto outdrop;
                }
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
                        int backingstore = 0;
 
                        /* Check for error from vn_getpath before moving on */
                        if ((error = vn_getpath(vp, pathbufp, &pathlen)) == 0) {
                                if (vp->v_tag == VT_HFS) {
-                                       error = VNOP_IOCTL (vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t) &backingstore, 0, &context);
+                                       error = VNOP_IOCTL(vp, uap->cmd, (caddr_t) &backingstore, 0, &context);
                                }
                                (void)vnode_put(vp);
 
@@ -2497,8 +2607,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                                error = EBUSY;
                                        }
                                }
-                       } else
+                       } else {
                                (void)vnode_put(vp);
+                       }
                }
                FREE(pathbufp, M_TEMP);
                goto outdrop;
@@ -2524,18 +2635,26 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 * for this vnode; this can include special devices, and will
                 * effectively overload fcntl() to send ioctl()'s.
                 */
-               if((uap->cmd & IOC_VOID) && (uap->cmd & IOC_INOUT)){
-            error = EINVAL;
+               if ((uap->cmd & IOC_VOID) && (uap->cmd & IOC_INOUT)) {
+                       error = EINVAL;
                        goto out;
                }
 
                /* Catch any now-invalid fcntl() selectors */
                switch (uap->cmd) {
-                       case F_MARKDEPENDENCY:
-                               error = EINVAL;
-                               goto out;
-                       default:
-                               break;
+               case (int)APFSIOC_REVERT_TO_SNAPSHOT:
+               case (int)FSIOC_FIOSEEKHOLE:
+               case (int)FSIOC_FIOSEEKDATA:
+               case (int)FSIOC_CAS_BSDFLAGS:
+               case HFS_GET_BOOT_INFO:
+               case HFS_SET_BOOT_INFO:
+               case FIOPINSWAP:
+               case F_MARKDEPENDENCY:
+               case TIOCREVOKE:
+                       error = EINVAL;
+                       goto out;
+               default:
+                       break;
                }
 
                if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
@@ -2545,7 +2664,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
                proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
 #define STK_PARAMS 128
                        char stkbuf[STK_PARAMS] = {0};
                        unsigned int size;
@@ -2568,7 +2687,7 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        }
 
                        memp = NULL;
-                       if (size > sizeof (stkbuf)) {
+                       if (size > sizeof(stkbuf)) {
                                if ((memp = (caddr_t)kalloc(size)) == 0) {
                                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
                                        error = ENOMEM;
@@ -2585,14 +2704,15 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                        error = copyin(argp, data, size);
                                        if (error) {
                                                (void)vnode_put(vp);
-                                               if (memp)
+                                               if (memp) {
                                                        kfree(memp, size);
+                                               }
                                                goto outdrop;
                                        }
 
                                        /* Bzero the section beyond that which was needed */
                                        if (size <= sizeof(stkbuf)) {
-                                               bzero ( (((uint8_t*)data) + size), (sizeof(stkbuf) - size));
+                                               bzero((((uint8_t*)data) + size), (sizeof(stkbuf) - size));
                                        }
                                } else {
                                        /* int */
@@ -2610,9 +2730,9 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                bzero(data, size);
                        } else if (uap->cmd & IOC_VOID) {
                                if (is64bit) {
-                                   *(user_addr_t *)data = argp;
+                                       *(user_addr_t *)data = argp;
                                } else {
-                                   *(uint32_t *)data = (uint32_t)argp;
+                                       *(uint32_t *)data = (uint32_t)argp;
                                }
                        }
 
@@ -2621,10 +2741,12 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
 
                        /* Copy any output data to user */
-                       if (error == 0 && (uap->cmd & IOC_OUT) && size)
+                       if (error == 0 && (uap->cmd & IOC_OUT) && size) {
                                error = copyout(data, argp, size);
-                       if (memp)
+                       }
+                       if (memp) {
                                kfree(memp, size);
+                       }
                }
                break;
        }
@@ -2632,11 +2754,11 @@ fcntl_nocancel(proc_t p, struct fcntl_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 outdrop:
        AUDIT_ARG(vnpath_withref, vp, ARG_VNODE1);
        fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 0);
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 out:
        fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
        proc_fdunlock(p);
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -2681,7 +2803,7 @@ finishdup(proc_t p,
        if ((ofp = fdp->fd_ofiles[old]) == NULL ||
            (fdp->fd_ofileflags[old] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                fdrelse(p, new);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        fg_ref(ofp);
 
@@ -2690,7 +2812,7 @@ finishdup(proc_t p,
        if (error) {
                fg_drop(ofp);
                fdrelse(p, new);
-               return (error);
+               return error;
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -2703,24 +2825,27 @@ finishdup(proc_t p,
        if (nfp == NULL) {
                fg_drop(ofp);
                fdrelse(p, new);
-               return (ENOMEM);
+               return ENOMEM;
        }
 
        nfp->f_fglob = ofp->f_fglob;
 
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if (fdp->fd_ofiles[new] != 0)
+       if (fdp->fd_ofiles[new] != 0) {
                panic("finishdup: overwriting fd_ofiles with new %d", new);
-       if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[new] & UF_RESERVED) == 0)
+       }
+       if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[new] & UF_RESERVED) == 0) {
                panic("finishdup: unreserved fileflags with new %d", new);
+       }
 #endif
 
-       if (new > fdp->fd_lastfile)
+       if (new > fdp->fd_lastfile) {
                fdp->fd_lastfile = new;
+       }
        *fdflags(p, new) |= fd_flags;
        procfdtbl_releasefd(p, new, nfp);
        *retval = new;
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -2738,14 +2863,14 @@ finishdup(proc_t p,
  *     fp_lookup:EBADF                 Bad file descriptor
  *      fp_guard_exception:???          Guarded file descriptor
  *     close_internal:EBADF
- *     close_internal:???              Anything returnable by a per-fileops
+ *     close_internal:???              Anything returnable by a per-fileops
  *                                     close function
  */
 int
 close(proc_t p, struct close_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 {
        __pthread_testcancel(1);
-       return(close_nocancel(p, (struct close_nocancel_args *)uap, retval));
+       return close_nocancel(p, (struct close_nocancel_args *)uap, retval);
 }
 
 
@@ -2760,23 +2885,23 @@ close_nocancel(proc_t p, struct close_nocancel_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retv
 
        proc_fdlock(p);
 
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p,fd,&fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
 
        if (FP_ISGUARDED(fp, GUARD_CLOSE)) {
                error = fp_guard_exception(p, fd, fp, kGUARD_EXC_CLOSE);
                (void) fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (error);
+               return error;
        }
 
        error = close_internal_locked(p, fd, fp, 0);
 
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -2792,7 +2917,7 @@ close_nocancel(proc_t p, struct close_nocancel_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retv
  *
  * Returns:    0                       Success
  *             EBADF                   fd already in close wait state
- *     closef_locked:???               Anything returnable by a per-fileops
+ *     closef_locked:???               Anything returnable by a per-fileops
  *                                     close function
  *
  * Locks:      Assumes proc_fdlock for process is held by the caller and returns
@@ -2806,7 +2931,7 @@ int
 close_internal_locked(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp, int flags)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
-       int error =0;
+       int error = 0;
        int resvfd = flags & FD_DUP2RESV;
 
 
@@ -2824,60 +2949,68 @@ close_internal_locked(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp, int flags)
 
 
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) == 0)
+       if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) == 0) {
                panic("close_internal: unreserved fileflags with fd %d", fd);
+       }
 #endif
 
        fp->f_flags |= FP_CLOSING;
 
-       if ( (fp->f_flags & FP_AIOISSUED) || kauth_authorize_fileop_has_listeners() ) {
-
-               proc_fdunlock(p);
+       if ((fp->f_flags & FP_AIOISSUED) || kauth_authorize_fileop_has_listeners()) {
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-               if ( (fp->f_type == DTYPE_VNODE) && kauth_authorize_fileop_has_listeners() ) {
-                       /*
+               if ((fp->f_type == DTYPE_VNODE) && kauth_authorize_fileop_has_listeners()) {
+                       /*
                         * call out to allow 3rd party notification of close.
                         * Ignore result of kauth_authorize_fileop call.
                         */
-                       if (vnode_getwithref((vnode_t)fp->f_data) == 0) {
-                               u_int   fileop_flags = 0;
-                               if ((fp->f_flags & FP_WRITTEN) != 0)
-                                       fileop_flags |= KAUTH_FILEOP_CLOSE_MODIFIED;
-                               kauth_authorize_fileop(fp->f_fglob->fg_cred, KAUTH_FILEOP_CLOSE,
-                                                      (uintptr_t)fp->f_data, (uintptr_t)fileop_flags);
+                       if (vnode_getwithref((vnode_t)fp->f_data) == 0) {
+                               u_int   fileop_flags = 0;
+                               if ((fp->f_flags & FP_WRITTEN) != 0) {
+                                       fileop_flags |= KAUTH_FILEOP_CLOSE_MODIFIED;
+                               }
+                               kauth_authorize_fileop(fp->f_fglob->fg_cred, KAUTH_FILEOP_CLOSE,
+                                   (uintptr_t)fp->f_data, (uintptr_t)fileop_flags);
                                vnode_put((vnode_t)fp->f_data);
                        }
                }
-               if (fp->f_flags & FP_AIOISSUED)
-                       /*
+               if (fp->f_flags & FP_AIOISSUED) {
+                       /*
                         * cancel all async IO requests that can be cancelled.
                         */
-                       _aio_close( p, fd );
+                       _aio_close( p, fd );
+               }
 
                proc_fdlock(p);
        }
 
-       if (fd < fdp->fd_knlistsize)
-               knote_fdclose(p, fd, FALSE);
-
-       if (fp->f_flags & FP_WAITEVENT)
-               (void)waitevent_close(p, fp);
+       if (fd < fdp->fd_knlistsize) {
+               knote_fdclose(p, fd);
+       }
 
+       /* release the ref returned from fp_lookup before calling drain */
+       (void) os_ref_release_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
        fileproc_drain(p, fp);
 
+       if (fp->f_flags & FP_WAITEVENT) {
+               (void)waitevent_close(p, fp);
+       }
+
        if (resvfd == 0) {
                _fdrelse(p, fd);
        } else {
                procfdtbl_reservefd(p, fd);
        }
 
-       if (ENTR_SHOULDTRACE && fp->f_type == DTYPE_SOCKET)
+       if (ENTR_SHOULDTRACE && fp->f_type == DTYPE_SOCKET) {
                KERNEL_ENERGYTRACE(kEnTrActKernSocket, DBG_FUNC_END,
                    fd, 0, (int64_t)VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(fp->f_data));
+       }
 
        error = closef_locked(fp, fp->f_fglob, p);
-       if ((fp->f_flags & FP_WAITCLOSE) == FP_WAITCLOSE)
+       if ((fp->f_flags & FP_WAITCLOSE) == FP_WAITCLOSE) {
                wakeup(&fp->f_flags);
+       }
        fp->f_flags &= ~(FP_WAITCLOSE | FP_CLOSING);
 
        proc_fdunlock(p);
@@ -2888,12 +3021,13 @@ close_internal_locked(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp, int flags)
 
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
        if (resvfd != 0) {
-               if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) == 0)
+               if ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) == 0) {
                        panic("close with reserved fd returns with freed fd:%d: proc: %p", fd, p);
+               }
        }
 #endif
 
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -2957,7 +3091,7 @@ fstat1(proc_t p, int fd, user_addr_t ub, user_addr_t xsecurity, user_addr_t xsec
        AUDIT_ARG(fd, fd);
 
        if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 0)) != 0) {
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        type = fp->f_type;
        data = fp->f_data;
@@ -2966,7 +3100,6 @@ fstat1(proc_t p, int fd, user_addr_t ub, user_addr_t xsecurity, user_addr_t xsec
        sbptr = (void *)&source;
 
        switch (type) {
-
        case DTYPE_VNODE:
                if ((error = vnode_getwithref((vnode_t)data)) == 0) {
                        /*
@@ -2975,10 +3108,10 @@ fstat1(proc_t p, int fd, user_addr_t ub, user_addr_t xsecurity, user_addr_t xsec
                         * going to let them get the basic stat information.
                         */
                        if (xsecurity == USER_ADDR_NULL) {
-                               error = vn_stat_noauth((vnode_t)data, sbptr, NULL, isstat64, ctx,
-                                                      fp->f_fglob->fg_cred);
+                               error = vn_stat_noauth((vnode_t)data, sbptr, NULL, isstat64, 0, ctx,
+                                   fp->f_fglob->fg_cred);
                        } else {
-                               error = vn_stat((vnode_t)data, sbptr, &fsec, isstat64, ctx);
+                               error = vn_stat((vnode_t)data, sbptr, &fsec, isstat64, 0, ctx);
                        }
 
                        AUDIT_ARG(vnpath, (struct vnode *)data, ARG_VNODE1);
@@ -3045,9 +3178,8 @@ fstat1(proc_t p, int fd, user_addr_t ub, user_addr_t xsecurity, user_addr_t xsec
 
        /* caller wants extended security information? */
        if (xsecurity != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
-
                /* did we get any? */
-                if (fsec == KAUTH_FILESEC_NONE) {
+               if (fsec == KAUTH_FILESEC_NONE) {
                        if (susize(xsecurity_size, 0) != 0) {
                                error = EFAULT;
                                goto out;
@@ -3063,15 +3195,17 @@ fstat1(proc_t p, int fd, user_addr_t ub, user_addr_t xsecurity, user_addr_t xsec
                        }
 
                        /* if the caller supplied enough room, copy out to it */
-                       if (xsecurity_bufsize >= KAUTH_FILESEC_COPYSIZE(fsec))
+                       if (xsecurity_bufsize >= KAUTH_FILESEC_COPYSIZE(fsec)) {
                                error = copyout(fsec, xsecurity, KAUTH_FILESEC_COPYSIZE(fsec));
+                       }
                }
        }
 out:
        fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 0);
-       if (fsec != NULL)
+       if (fsec != NULL) {
                kauth_filesec_free(fsec);
-       return (error);
+       }
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -3094,7 +3228,7 @@ out:
 int
 fstat_extended(proc_t p, struct fstat_extended_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retval)
 {
-       return(fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, uap->xsecurity, uap->xsecurity_size, 0));
+       return fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, uap->xsecurity, uap->xsecurity_size, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -3113,7 +3247,7 @@ fstat_extended(proc_t p, struct fstat_extended_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retv
 int
 fstat(proc_t p, struct fstat_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retval)
 {
-       return(fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, 0, 0, 0));
+       return fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, 0, 0, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -3136,7 +3270,7 @@ fstat(proc_t p, struct fstat_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retval)
 int
 fstat64_extended(proc_t p, struct fstat64_extended_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retval)
 {
-       return(fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, uap->xsecurity, uap->xsecurity_size, 1));
+       return fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, uap->xsecurity, uap->xsecurity_size, 1);
 }
 
 
@@ -3156,7 +3290,7 @@ fstat64_extended(proc_t p, struct fstat64_extended_args *uap, __unused int32_t *
 int
 fstat64(proc_t p, struct fstat64_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retval)
 {
-       return(fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, 0, 0, 1));
+       return fstat1(p, uap->fd, uap->ub, 0, 0, 1);
 }
 
 
@@ -3191,13 +3325,13 @@ fpathconf(proc_t p, struct fpathconf_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
 
        AUDIT_ARG(fd, uap->fd);
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 0)) )
-               return(error);
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 0))) {
+               return error;
+       }
        type = fp->f_type;
        data = fp->f_data;
 
        switch (type) {
-
        case DTYPE_SOCKET:
                if (uap->name != _PC_PIPE_BUF) {
                        error = EINVAL;
@@ -3219,8 +3353,8 @@ fpathconf(proc_t p, struct fpathconf_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        case DTYPE_VNODE:
                vp = (struct vnode *)data;
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
-                       AUDIT_ARG(vnpath, vp, ARG_VNODE1);
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
+                       AUDIT_ARG(vnpath, vp, ARG_VNODE1);
 
                        error = vn_pathconf(vp, uap->name, retval, vfs_context_current());
 
@@ -3231,12 +3365,11 @@ fpathconf(proc_t p, struct fpathconf_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        default:
                error = EINVAL;
                goto out;
-
        }
        /*NOTREACHED*/
 out:
        fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 0);
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -3285,38 +3418,44 @@ fdalloc(proc_t p, int want, int *result)
        lim = min((int)p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur, maxfiles);
        for (;;) {
                last = min(fdp->fd_nfiles, lim);
-               if ((i = want) < fdp->fd_freefile)
+               if ((i = want) < fdp->fd_freefile) {
                        i = fdp->fd_freefile;
+               }
                for (; i < last; i++) {
                        if (fdp->fd_ofiles[i] == NULL && !(fdp->fd_ofileflags[i] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                                procfdtbl_reservefd(p, i);
-                               if (i > fdp->fd_lastfile)
+                               if (i > fdp->fd_lastfile) {
                                        fdp->fd_lastfile = i;
-                               if (want <= fdp->fd_freefile)
+                               }
+                               if (want <= fdp->fd_freefile) {
                                        fdp->fd_freefile = i;
+                               }
                                *result = i;
-                               return (0);
+                               return 0;
                        }
                }
 
                /*
                 * No space in current array.  Expand?
                 */
-               if (fdp->fd_nfiles >= lim)
-                       return (EMFILE);
-               if (fdp->fd_nfiles < NDEXTENT)
+               if (fdp->fd_nfiles >= lim) {
+                       return EMFILE;
+               }
+               if (fdp->fd_nfiles < NDEXTENT) {
                        numfiles = NDEXTENT;
-               else
+               } else {
                        numfiles = 2 * fdp->fd_nfiles;
+               }
                /* Enforce lim */
-               if (numfiles > lim)
+               if (numfiles > lim) {
                        numfiles = lim;
+               }
                proc_fdunlock(p);
                MALLOC_ZONE(newofiles, struct fileproc **,
-                               numfiles * OFILESIZE, M_OFILETABL, M_WAITOK);
+                   numfiles * OFILESIZE, M_OFILETABL, M_WAITOK);
                proc_fdlock(p);
                if (newofiles == NULL) {
-                       return (ENOMEM);
+                       return ENOMEM;
                }
                if (fdp->fd_nfiles >= numfiles) {
                        FREE_ZONE(newofiles, numfiles * OFILESIZE, M_OFILETABL);
@@ -3329,15 +3468,15 @@ fdalloc(proc_t p, int want, int *result)
                 */
                oldnfiles = fdp->fd_nfiles;
                (void) memcpy(newofiles, fdp->fd_ofiles,
-                               oldnfiles * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofiles));
+                   oldnfiles * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofiles));
                (void) memset(&newofiles[oldnfiles], 0,
-                               (numfiles - oldnfiles) * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofiles));
+                   (numfiles - oldnfiles) * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofiles));
 
                (void) memcpy(newofileflags, fdp->fd_ofileflags,
-                               oldnfiles * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofileflags));
+                   oldnfiles * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofileflags));
                (void) memset(&newofileflags[oldnfiles], 0,
-                               (numfiles - oldnfiles) *
-                                               sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofileflags));
+                   (numfiles - oldnfiles) *
+                   sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofileflags));
                ofiles = fdp->fd_ofiles;
                fdp->fd_ofiles = newofiles;
                fdp->fd_ofileflags = newofileflags;
@@ -3374,14 +3513,17 @@ fdavail(proc_t p, int n)
        int i, lim;
 
        lim = min((int)p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur, maxfiles);
-       if ((i = lim - fdp->fd_nfiles) > 0 && (n -= i) <= 0)
-               return (1);
+       if ((i = lim - fdp->fd_nfiles) > 0 && (n -= i) <= 0) {
+               return 1;
+       }
        fpp = &fdp->fd_ofiles[fdp->fd_freefile];
        flags = &fdp->fd_ofileflags[fdp->fd_freefile];
-       for (i = fdp->fd_nfiles - fdp->fd_freefile; --i >= 0; fpp++, flags++)
-               if (*fpp == NULL && !(*flags & UF_RESERVED) && --n <= 0)
-                       return (1);
-       return (0);
+       for (i = fdp->fd_nfiles - fdp->fd_freefile; --i >= 0; fpp++, flags++) {
+               if (*fpp == NULL && !(*flags & UF_RESERVED) && --n <= 0) {
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3433,13 +3575,14 @@ fdgetf_noref(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp)
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
-               return (EBADF);
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       return (0);
+       }
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3478,24 +3621,26 @@ fp_getfvp(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp, struct vnode **resultvp)
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(ENOTSUP);
+               return ENOTSUP;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (resultvp)
+       }
+       if (resultvp) {
                *resultvp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3530,33 +3675,36 @@ fp_getfvp(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp, struct vnode **resultvp)
  */
 int
 fp_getfvpandvid(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
-               struct vnode **resultvp, uint32_t *vidp)
+    struct vnode **resultvp, uint32_t *vidp)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(ENOTSUP);
+               return ENOTSUP;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (resultvp)
+       }
+       if (resultvp) {
                *resultvp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
-       if (vidp)
+       }
+       if (vidp) {
                *vidp = (uint32_t)vnode_vid((struct vnode *)fp->f_data);
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3587,31 +3735,33 @@ fp_getfvpandvid(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
  */
 int
 fp_getfsock(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
-           struct socket **results)
+    struct socket **results)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_SOCKET) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(EOPNOTSUPP);
+               return EOPNOTSUPP;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (results)
+       }
+       if (results) {
                *results = (struct socket *)fp->f_data;
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3642,31 +3792,33 @@ fp_getfsock(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
  */
 int
 fp_getfkq(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
-         struct kqueue **resultkq)
+    struct kqueue **resultkq)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
-       if ( fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+       if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_KQUEUE) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (resultkq)
+       }
+       if (resultkq) {
                *resultkq = (struct kqueue *)fp->f_data;
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3699,32 +3851,33 @@ fp_getfkq(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
  */
 int
 fp_getfpshm(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
-           struct pshmnode **resultpshm)
+    struct pshmnode **resultpshm)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_PSXSHM) {
-
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (resultpshm)
+       }
+       if (resultpshm) {
                *resultpshm = (struct pshmnode *)fp->f_data;
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3766,31 +3919,33 @@ fp_getfpshm(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
  */
 int
 fp_getfpsem(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
-           struct psemnode **resultpsem)
+    struct psemnode **resultpsem)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_PSXSEM) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (resultpsem)
+       }
+       if (resultpsem) {
                *resultpsem = (struct psemnode *)fp->f_data;
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3821,31 +3976,33 @@ fp_getfpsem(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
  */
 int
 fp_getfpipe(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp,
-           struct pipe **resultpipe)
+    struct pipe **resultpipe)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_PIPE) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (resultpipe)
+       }
+       if (resultpipe) {
                *resultpipe = (struct pipe *)fp->f_data;
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3879,23 +4036,27 @@ fp_lookup(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp, int locked)
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
-       if (!locked)
+       if (!locked) {
                proc_fdlock_spin(p);
+       }
        if (fd < 0 || fdp == NULL || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
-               if (!locked)
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+               if (!locked) {
                        proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               }
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount++;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (!locked)
+       }
+       if (!locked) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
+       }
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3905,6 +4066,7 @@ fp_lookup(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp, int locked)
  * Description: Swap the fileproc pointer for a given fd with a new
  *             fileproc pointer in the per-process open file table of
  *             the specified process.  The fdlock must be held at entry.
+ *             Iff the swap is successful, the old fileproc pointer is freed.
  *
  * Parameters:  p              Process containing the fd
  *             fd              The fd of interest
@@ -3913,7 +4075,7 @@ fp_lookup(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc **resultfp, int locked)
  * Returns:    0               Success
  *             EBADF           Bad file descriptor
  *             EINTR           Interrupted
- *             EKEEPLOOKING    f_iocount changed while lock was dropped.
+ *             EKEEPLOOKING    Other references were active, try again.
  */
 int
 fp_tryswap(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *nfp)
@@ -3923,27 +4085,35 @@ fp_tryswap(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *nfp)
 
        proc_fdlock_assert(p, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
 
-       if (0 != (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1)))
-               return (error);
+       if (0 != (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1))) {
+               return error;
+       }
        /*
         * At this point, our caller (change_guardedfd_np) has
         * one f_iocount reference, and we just took another
         * one to begin the replacement.
+        * fp and nfp have a +1 reference from allocation.
+        * Thus if no-one else is looking, f_iocount should be 3.
         */
-       if (fp->f_iocount < 2) {
-               panic("f_iocount too small %d", fp->f_iocount);
-       } else if (2 == fp->f_iocount) {
-
+       if (os_ref_get_count(&fp->f_iocount) < 3 ||
+           1 != os_ref_get_count(&nfp->f_iocount)) {
+               panic("%s: f_iocount", __func__);
+       } else if (3 == os_ref_get_count(&fp->f_iocount)) {
                /* Copy the contents of *fp, preserving the "type" of *nfp */
 
                nfp->f_flags = (nfp->f_flags & FP_TYPEMASK) |
-                       (fp->f_flags & ~FP_TYPEMASK);
-               nfp->f_iocount = fp->f_iocount;
+                   (fp->f_flags & ~FP_TYPEMASK);
+               os_ref_retain_locked(&nfp->f_iocount);
+               os_ref_retain_locked(&nfp->f_iocount);
                nfp->f_fglob = fp->f_fglob;
                nfp->f_wset = fp->f_wset;
 
                p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[fd] = nfp;
-               (void) fp_drop(p, fd, nfp, 1);
+               fp_drop(p, fd, nfp, 1);
+
+               os_ref_release_live(&fp->f_iocount);
+               os_ref_release_live(&fp->f_iocount);
+               fileproc_free(fp);
        } else {
                /*
                 * Wait for all other active references to evaporate.
@@ -3957,11 +4127,10 @@ fp_tryswap(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *nfp)
                         * reevaluation of the change-guard attempt.
                         */
                        error = EKEEPLOOKING;
-                       printf("%s: lookup collision fd %d\n", __func__, fd);
                }
                (void) fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
        }
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -3987,7 +4156,7 @@ fp_tryswap(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *nfp)
 int
 fp_drop_written(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp)
 {
-        int error;
+       int error;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
 
@@ -3997,7 +4166,7 @@ fp_drop_written(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp)
 
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -4023,7 +4192,7 @@ fp_drop_written(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp)
 int
 fp_drop_event(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp)
 {
-        int error;
+       int error;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
 
@@ -4033,7 +4202,7 @@ fp_drop_event(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp)
 
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -4064,35 +4233,39 @@ int
 fp_drop(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc *fp, int locked)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
-       int     needwakeup = 0;
+       int     needwakeup = 0;
 
-       if (!locked)
+       if (!locked) {
                proc_fdlock_spin(p);
-        if ((fp == FILEPROC_NULL) && (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) &&
-                        !(fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_CLOSING)))) {
-               if (!locked)
+       }
+       if ((fp == FILEPROC_NULL) && (fd < 0 || fd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
+           (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           ((fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) &&
+           !(fdp->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_CLOSING)))) {
+               if (!locked) {
                        proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               }
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount--;
 
-       if (fp->f_iocount == 0) {
-               if (fp->f_flags & FP_SELCONFLICT)
+       if (1 == os_ref_release_locked(&fp->f_iocount)) {
+               if (fp->f_flags & FP_SELCONFLICT) {
                        fp->f_flags &= ~FP_SELCONFLICT;
+               }
 
                if (p->p_fpdrainwait) {
                        p->p_fpdrainwait = 0;
                        needwakeup = 1;
                }
        }
-       if (!locked)
+       if (!locked) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-       if (needwakeup)
-               wakeup(&p->p_fpdrainwait);
+       }
+       if (needwakeup) {
+               wakeup(&p->p_fpdrainwait);
+       }
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -4139,20 +4312,21 @@ file_vnode(int fd, struct vnode **vpp)
        int error;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
-               fp_drop(p, fd, fp,1);
+               fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(EINVAL);
+               return EINVAL;
        }
-       if (vpp != NULL)
+       if (vpp != NULL) {
                *vpp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
+       }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return(0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -4201,25 +4375,27 @@ file_vnode_withvid(int fd, struct vnode **vpp, uint32_t * vidp)
        int error;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
-               fp_drop(p, fd, fp,1);
+               fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(EINVAL);
+               return EINVAL;
        }
        vp = (struct vnode *)fp->f_data;
-       if (vpp != NULL)
+       if (vpp != NULL) {
                *vpp = vp;
+       }
 
-       if ((vidp != NULL) && (vp != NULLVP))
+       if ((vidp != NULL) && (vp != NULLVP)) {
                *vidp = (uint32_t)vp->v_id;
+       }
 
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return(0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -4265,19 +4441,19 @@ file_socket(int fd, struct socket **sp)
        int error;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_SOCKET) {
-               fp_drop(p, fd, fp,1);
+               fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(ENOTSOCK);
+               return ENOTSOCK;
        }
        *sp = (struct socket *)fp->f_data;
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return(0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -4307,21 +4483,20 @@ file_socket(int fd, struct socket **sp)
 int
 file_flags(int fd, int *flags)
 {
-
        proc_t p = current_proc();
        struct fileproc *fp;
        int error;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
-       if ( (error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1)) ) {
+       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return(error);
+               return error;
        }
        *flags = (int)fp->f_flag;
-       fp_drop(p, fd, fp,1);
+       fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return(0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -4366,21 +4541,21 @@ file_drop(int fd)
 {
        struct fileproc *fp;
        proc_t p = current_proc();
-       int     needwakeup = 0;
+       int     needwakeup = 0;
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        if (fd < 0 || fd >= p->p_fd->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (fp = p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
-                       ((p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) &&
-                        !(p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_CLOSING))) {
+           (fp = p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[fd]) == NULL ||
+           ((p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_RESERVED) &&
+           !(p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] & UF_CLOSING))) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+               return EBADF;
        }
-       fp->f_iocount --;
 
-       if (fp->f_iocount == 0) {
-               if (fp->f_flags & FP_SELCONFLICT)
+       if (1 == os_ref_release_locked(&fp->f_iocount)) {
+               if (fp->f_flags & FP_SELCONFLICT) {
                        fp->f_flags &= ~FP_SELCONFLICT;
+               }
 
                if (p->p_fpdrainwait) {
                        p->p_fpdrainwait = 0;
@@ -4389,9 +4564,10 @@ file_drop(int fd)
        }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       if (needwakeup)
-               wakeup(&p->p_fpdrainwait);
-       return(0);
+       if (needwakeup) {
+               wakeup(&p->p_fpdrainwait);
+       }
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -4432,8 +4608,8 @@ static int falloc_withalloc_locked(proc_t, struct fileproc **, int *,
 int
 falloc(proc_t p, struct fileproc **resultfp, int *resultfd, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       return (falloc_withalloc(p, resultfp, resultfd, ctx,
-           fileproc_alloc_init, NULL));
+       return falloc_withalloc(p, resultfp, resultfd, ctx,
+                  fileproc_alloc_init, NULL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4450,7 +4626,7 @@ falloc_withalloc(proc_t p, struct fileproc **resultfp, int *resultfd,
            resultfp, resultfd, ctx, fp_zalloc, arg, 1);
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4502,10 +4678,10 @@ static const struct fileops uninitops;
  */
 int
 falloc_locked(proc_t p, struct fileproc **resultfp, int *resultfd,
-             vfs_context_t ctx, int locked)
+    vfs_context_t ctx, int locked)
 {
-       return (falloc_withalloc_locked(p, resultfp, resultfd, ctx,
-           fileproc_alloc_init, NULL, locked));
+       return falloc_withalloc_locked(p, resultfp, resultfd, ctx,
+                  fileproc_alloc_init, NULL, locked);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -4517,25 +4693,29 @@ falloc_withalloc_locked(proc_t p, struct fileproc **resultfp, int *resultfd,
        struct fileglob *fg;
        int error, nfd;
 
-       if (!locked)
+       if (nfiles >= maxfiles) {
+               tablefull("file");
+               return ENFILE;
+       }
+
+       if (!locked) {
                proc_fdlock(p);
-       if ( (error = fdalloc(p, 0, &nfd)) ) {
-               if (!locked)
-                       proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (error);
        }
-       if (nfiles >= maxfiles) {
-               if (!locked)
+
+       if ((error = fdalloc(p, 0, &nfd))) {
+               if (!locked) {
                        proc_fdunlock(p);
-               tablefull("file");
-               return (ENFILE);
+               }
+               return error;
        }
+
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        error = mac_file_check_create(proc_ucred(p));
        if (error) {
-               if (!locked)
+               if (!locked) {
                        proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (error);
+               }
+               return error;
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -4549,21 +4729,23 @@ falloc_withalloc_locked(proc_t p, struct fileproc **resultfp, int *resultfd,
 
        fp = (*fp_zalloc)(crarg);
        if (fp == NULL) {
-               if (locked)
+               if (locked) {
                        proc_fdlock(p);
-               return (ENOMEM);
+               }
+               return ENOMEM;
        }
        MALLOC_ZONE(fg, struct fileglob *, sizeof(struct fileglob), M_FILEGLOB, M_WAITOK);
        if (fg == NULL) {
                fileproc_free(fp);
-               if (locked)
+               if (locked) {
                        proc_fdlock(p);
-               return (ENOMEM);
+               }
+               return ENOMEM;
        }
        bzero(fg, sizeof(struct fileglob));
        lck_mtx_init(&fg->fg_lock, file_lck_grp, file_lck_attr);
 
-       fp->f_iocount = 1;
+       os_ref_retain_locked(&fp->f_iocount);
        fg->fg_count = 1;
        fg->fg_ops = &uninitops;
        fp->f_fglob = fg;
@@ -4585,15 +4767,18 @@ falloc_withalloc_locked(proc_t p, struct fileproc **resultfp, int *resultfd,
 
        p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[nfd] = fp;
 
-       if (!locked)
+       if (!locked) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
+       }
 
-       if (resultfp)
+       if (resultfp) {
                *resultfp = fp;
-       if (resultfd)
+       }
+       if (resultfd) {
                *resultfd = nfd;
+       }
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -4631,6 +4816,28 @@ fg_free(struct fileglob *fg)
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * fg_get_vnode
+ *
+ * Description:        Return vnode associated with the file structure, if
+ *             any.  The lifetime of the returned vnode is bound to
+ *             the lifetime of the file structure.
+ *
+ * Parameters: fg                              Pointer to fileglob to
+ *                                             inspect
+ *
+ * Returns:    vnode_t
+ */
+vnode_t
+fg_get_vnode(struct fileglob *fg)
+{
+       if (FILEGLOB_DTYPE(fg) == DTYPE_VNODE) {
+               return (vnode_t)fg->fg_data;
+       } else {
+               return NULL;
+       }
+}
+
 /*
  * fdexec
  *
@@ -4648,18 +4855,39 @@ fg_free(struct fileglob *fg)
  * Returns:    void
  *
  * Locks:      This function internally takes and drops proc_fdlock()
+ *          But assumes tables don't grow/change while unlocked.
  *
  */
 void
-fdexec(proc_t p, short flags)
+fdexec(proc_t p, short flags, int self_exec)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd;
        int i;
        boolean_t cloexec_default = (flags & POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT) != 0;
+       thread_t self = current_thread();
+       struct uthread *ut = get_bsdthread_info(self);
+       struct kqworkq *dealloc_kqwq = NULL;
+
+       /*
+        * If the current thread is bound as a workq/workloop
+        * servicing thread, we need to unbind it first.
+        */
+       if (ut->uu_kqr_bound && self_exec) {
+               kqueue_threadreq_unbind(p, ut->uu_kqr_bound);
+       }
 
        proc_fdlock(p);
-       for (i = fdp->fd_lastfile; i >= 0; i--) {
 
+       /*
+        * Deallocate the knotes for this process
+        * and mark the tables non-existent so
+        * subsequent kqueue closes go faster.
+        */
+       knotes_dealloc(p);
+       assert(fdp->fd_knlistsize == 0);
+       assert(fdp->fd_knhashmask == 0);
+
+       for (i = fdp->fd_lastfile; i >= 0; i--) {
                struct fileproc *fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[i];
                char *flagp = &fdp->fd_ofileflags[i];
 
@@ -4670,41 +4898,56 @@ fdexec(proc_t p, short flags)
                         * except files marked explicitly as "inherit" and
                         * not marked close-on-exec.
                         */
-                       if ((*flagp & (UF_EXCLOSE|UF_INHERIT)) != UF_INHERIT)
+                       if ((*flagp & (UF_EXCLOSE | UF_INHERIT)) != UF_INHERIT) {
                                *flagp |= UF_EXCLOSE;
+                       }
                        *flagp &= ~UF_INHERIT;
                }
 
                if (
-                   ((*flagp & (UF_RESERVED|UF_EXCLOSE)) == UF_EXCLOSE)
+                       ((*flagp & (UF_RESERVED | UF_EXCLOSE)) == UF_EXCLOSE)
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                   || (fp && mac_file_check_inherit(proc_ucred(p), fp->f_fglob))
+                       || (fp && mac_file_check_inherit(proc_ucred(p), fp->f_fglob))
 #endif
-               ) {
-                       if (i < fdp->fd_knlistsize)
-                               knote_fdclose(p, i, TRUE);
+                       ) {
                        procfdtbl_clearfd(p, i);
-                       if (i == fdp->fd_lastfile && i > 0)
+                       if (i == fdp->fd_lastfile && i > 0) {
                                fdp->fd_lastfile--;
-                       if (i < fdp->fd_freefile)
+                       }
+                       if (i < fdp->fd_freefile) {
                                fdp->fd_freefile = i;
+                       }
 
                        /*
                         * Wait for any third party viewers (e.g., lsof)
                         * to release their references to this fileproc.
                         */
-                       while (fp->f_iocount > 0) {
+                       while (os_ref_get_count(&fp->f_iocount) > 1) {
                                p->p_fpdrainwait = 1;
                                msleep(&p->p_fpdrainwait, &p->p_fdmlock, PRIBIO,
                                    "fpdrain", NULL);
                        }
-
+                       if (fp->f_flags & FP_WAITEVENT) {
+                               (void)waitevent_close(p, fp);
+                       }
                        closef_locked(fp, fp->f_fglob, p);
 
                        fileproc_free(fp);
                }
        }
+
+       /* release the per-process workq kq */
+       if (fdp->fd_wqkqueue) {
+               dealloc_kqwq = fdp->fd_wqkqueue;
+               fdp->fd_wqkqueue = NULL;
+       }
+
        proc_fdunlock(p);
+
+       /* Anything to free? */
+       if (dealloc_kqwq) {
+               kqworkq_dealloc(dealloc_kqwq);
+       }
 }
 
 
@@ -4750,12 +4993,13 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
        struct filedesc *newfdp, *fdp = p->p_fd;
        int i;
        struct fileproc *ofp, *fp;
-       vnode_t v_dir;
+       vnode_t v_dir;
 
        MALLOC_ZONE(newfdp, struct filedesc *,
-                       sizeof(*newfdp), M_FILEDESC, M_WAITOK);
-       if (newfdp == NULL)
-               return(NULL);
+           sizeof(*newfdp), M_FILEDESC, M_WAITOK);
+       if (newfdp == NULL) {
+               return NULL;
+       }
 
        proc_fdlock(p);
 
@@ -4769,8 +5013,9 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
         * inherit the new current working directory from the current thread
         * instead, before we take our references.
         */
-       if (uth_cdir != NULLVP)
+       if (uth_cdir != NULLVP) {
                newfdp->fd_cdir = uth_cdir;
+       }
 
        /*
         * For both fd_cdir and fd_rdir make sure we get
@@ -4780,16 +5025,18 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
         * and allows us to do the vnode_rele only on
         * a properly referenced vp
         */
-       if ( (v_dir = newfdp->fd_cdir) ) {
-               if (vnode_getwithref(v_dir) == 0) {
-                       if ( (vnode_ref(v_dir)) )
-                               newfdp->fd_cdir = NULL;
+       if ((v_dir = newfdp->fd_cdir)) {
+               if (vnode_getwithref(v_dir) == 0) {
+                       if ((vnode_ref(v_dir))) {
+                               newfdp->fd_cdir = NULL;
+                       }
                        vnode_put(v_dir);
-               } else
-                       newfdp->fd_cdir = NULL;
+               } else {
+                       newfdp->fd_cdir = NULL;
+               }
        }
        if (newfdp->fd_cdir == NULL && fdp->fd_cdir) {
-               /*
+               /*
                 * we couldn't get a new reference on
                 * the current working directory being
                 * inherited... we might as well drop
@@ -4798,22 +5045,23 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
                 * it useless... by dropping it we'll
                 * be that much closer to recycling it
                 */
-               vnode_rele(fdp->fd_cdir);
+               vnode_rele(fdp->fd_cdir);
                fdp->fd_cdir = NULL;
        }
 
-       if ( (v_dir = newfdp->fd_rdir) ) {
+       if ((v_dir = newfdp->fd_rdir)) {
                if (vnode_getwithref(v_dir) == 0) {
-                       if ( (vnode_ref(v_dir)) )
-                               newfdp->fd_rdir = NULL;
+                       if ((vnode_ref(v_dir))) {
+                               newfdp->fd_rdir = NULL;
+                       }
                        vnode_put(v_dir);
                } else {
-                       newfdp->fd_rdir = NULL;
+                       newfdp->fd_rdir = NULL;
                }
        }
        /* Coming from a chroot environment and unable to get a reference... */
        if (newfdp->fd_rdir == NULL && fdp->fd_rdir) {
-               /*
+               /*
                 * We couldn't get a new reference on
                 * the chroot directory being
                 * inherited... this is fatal, since
@@ -4821,10 +5069,11 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
                 * escape from a chroot environment by
                 * the new process.
                 */
-               if (newfdp->fd_cdir)
-                       vnode_rele(newfdp->fd_cdir);
+               if (newfdp->fd_cdir) {
+                       vnode_rele(newfdp->fd_cdir);
+               }
                FREE_ZONE(newfdp, sizeof *newfdp, M_FILEDESC);
-               return(NULL);
+               return NULL;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -4833,30 +5082,33 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
         * additional memory for the number of descriptors currently
         * in use.
         */
-       if (newfdp->fd_lastfile < NDFILE)
+       if (newfdp->fd_lastfile < NDFILE) {
                i = NDFILE;
-       else {
+       else {
                /*
                 * Compute the smallest multiple of NDEXTENT needed
                 * for the file descriptors currently in use,
                 * allowing the table to shrink.
                 */
                i = newfdp->fd_nfiles;
-               while (i > 1 + 2 * NDEXTENT && i > 1 + newfdp->fd_lastfile * 2)
+               while (i > 1 + 2 * NDEXTENT && i > 1 + newfdp->fd_lastfile * 2) {
                        i /= 2;
+               }
        }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
        MALLOC_ZONE(newfdp->fd_ofiles, struct fileproc **,
-                               i * OFILESIZE, M_OFILETABL, M_WAITOK);
+           i * OFILESIZE, M_OFILETABL, M_WAITOK);
        if (newfdp->fd_ofiles == NULL) {
-               if (newfdp->fd_cdir)
-                       vnode_rele(newfdp->fd_cdir);
-               if (newfdp->fd_rdir)
+               if (newfdp->fd_cdir) {
+                       vnode_rele(newfdp->fd_cdir);
+               }
+               if (newfdp->fd_rdir) {
                        vnode_rele(newfdp->fd_rdir);
+               }
 
                FREE_ZONE(newfdp, sizeof(*newfdp), M_FILEDESC);
-               return(NULL);
+               return NULL;
        }
        (void) memset(newfdp->fd_ofiles, 0, i * OFILESIZE);
        proc_fdlock(p);
@@ -4869,44 +5121,20 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
                char *flags;
 
                (void) memcpy(newfdp->fd_ofiles, fdp->fd_ofiles,
-                                       (newfdp->fd_lastfile + 1) * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofiles));
+                   (newfdp->fd_lastfile + 1) * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofiles));
                (void) memcpy(newfdp->fd_ofileflags, fdp->fd_ofileflags,
-                                       (newfdp->fd_lastfile + 1) * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofileflags));
-
-               /*
-                * kq descriptors cannot be copied.
-                */
-               if (newfdp->fd_knlistsize != -1) {
-                       fpp = &newfdp->fd_ofiles[newfdp->fd_lastfile];
-                       flags = &newfdp->fd_ofileflags[newfdp->fd_lastfile];
-                       for (i = newfdp->fd_lastfile;
-                           i >= 0; i--, fpp--, flags--) {
-                               if (*flags & UF_RESERVED)
-                                       continue;       /* (removed below) */
-                               if (*fpp != NULL && (*fpp)->f_type == DTYPE_KQUEUE) {
-                                       *fpp = NULL;
-                                       *flags = 0;
-                                       if (i < newfdp->fd_freefile)
-                                               newfdp->fd_freefile = i;
-                               }
-                               if (*fpp == NULL && i == newfdp->fd_lastfile && i > 0)
-                                       newfdp->fd_lastfile--;
-                       }
-                       newfdp->fd_knlist = NULL;
-                       newfdp->fd_knlistsize = -1;
-                       newfdp->fd_knhash = NULL;
-                       newfdp->fd_knhashmask = 0;
-               }
-               fpp = newfdp->fd_ofiles;
-               flags = newfdp->fd_ofileflags;
+                   (newfdp->fd_lastfile + 1) * sizeof(*fdp->fd_ofileflags));
 
-               for (i = newfdp->fd_lastfile + 1; --i >= 0; fpp++, flags++)
+               fpp = &newfdp->fd_ofiles[newfdp->fd_lastfile];
+               flags = &newfdp->fd_ofileflags[newfdp->fd_lastfile];
+               for (i = newfdp->fd_lastfile; i >= 0; i--, fpp--, flags--) {
                        if ((ofp = *fpp) != NULL &&
                            0 == (ofp->f_fglob->fg_lflags & FG_CONFINED) &&
-                           0 == (*flags & (UF_FORKCLOSE|UF_RESERVED))) {
+                           0 == (*flags & (UF_FORKCLOSE | UF_RESERVED))) {
 #if DEBUG
-                               if (FILEPROC_TYPE(ofp) != FTYPE_SIMPLE)
+                               if (FILEPROC_TYPE(ofp) != FTYPE_SIMPLE) {
                                        panic("complex fileproc");
+                               }
 #endif
                                fp = fileproc_alloc_init(NULL);
                                if (fp == NULL) {
@@ -4923,15 +5151,36 @@ fdcopy(proc_t p, vnode_t uth_cdir)
                                        *fpp = fp;
                                }
                        } else {
-                               if (i < newfdp->fd_freefile)
-                                       newfdp->fd_freefile = i;
                                *fpp = NULL;
                                *flags = 0;
                        }
+                       if (*fpp == NULL) {
+                               if (i == newfdp->fd_lastfile && i > 0) {
+                                       newfdp->fd_lastfile--;
+                               }
+                               if (i < newfdp->fd_freefile) {
+                                       newfdp->fd_freefile = i;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
        }
 
        proc_fdunlock(p);
-       return (newfdp);
+
+       /*
+        * Initialize knote and kqueue tracking structs
+        */
+       newfdp->fd_knlist = NULL;
+       newfdp->fd_knlistsize = 0;
+       newfdp->fd_knhash = NULL;
+       newfdp->fd_knhashmask = 0;
+       newfdp->fd_kqhash = NULL;
+       newfdp->fd_kqhashmask = 0;
+       newfdp->fd_wqkqueue = NULL;
+       lck_mtx_init(&newfdp->fd_kqhashlock, proc_kqhashlock_grp, proc_lck_attr);
+       lck_mtx_init(&newfdp->fd_knhashlock, proc_knhashlock_grp, proc_lck_attr);
+
+       return newfdp;
 }
 
 
@@ -4954,36 +5203,50 @@ fdfree(proc_t p)
 {
        struct filedesc *fdp;
        struct fileproc *fp;
+       struct kqworkq *dealloc_kqwq = NULL;
        int i;
 
        proc_fdlock(p);
 
        if (p == kernproc || NULL == (fdp = p->p_fd)) {
-               proc_fdunlock(p);
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
                return;
        }
 
        extern struct filedesc filedesc0;
 
-       if (&filedesc0 == fdp)
+       if (&filedesc0 == fdp) {
                panic("filedesc0");
+       }
 
-       if (fdp->fd_nfiles > 0 && fdp->fd_ofiles) {
-               for (i = fdp->fd_lastfile; i >= 0; i--) {
+       /*
+        * deallocate all the knotes up front and claim empty
+        * tables to make any subsequent kqueue closes faster.
+        */
+       knotes_dealloc(p);
+       assert(fdp->fd_knlistsize == 0);
+       assert(fdp->fd_knhashmask == 0);
 
-                       /* May still have knotes for fd without open file */
-                       if (i < fdp->fd_knlistsize)
-                               knote_fdclose(p, i, TRUE);
+       /*
+        * dealloc all workloops that have outstanding retains
+        * when created with scheduling parameters.
+        */
+       kqworkloops_dealloc(p);
 
+       /* close file descriptors */
+       if (fdp->fd_nfiles > 0 && fdp->fd_ofiles) {
+               for (i = fdp->fd_lastfile; i >= 0; i--) {
                        if ((fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[i]) != NULL) {
+                               if (fdp->fd_ofileflags[i] & UF_RESERVED) {
+                                       panic("fdfree: found fp with UF_RESERVED");
+                               }
 
-                         if (fdp->fd_ofileflags[i] & UF_RESERVED)
-                               panic("fdfree: found fp with UF_RESERVED");
-
+                               fileproc_drain(p, fp);
                                procfdtbl_reservefd(p, i);
 
-                               if (fp->f_flags & FP_WAITEVENT)
+                               if (fp->f_flags & FP_WAITEVENT) {
                                        (void)waitevent_close(p, fp);
+                               }
                                (void) closef_locked(fp, fp->f_fglob, p);
                                fileproc_free(fp);
                        }
@@ -4993,21 +5256,36 @@ fdfree(proc_t p)
                fdp->fd_nfiles = 0;
        }
 
+       if (fdp->fd_wqkqueue) {
+               dealloc_kqwq = fdp->fd_wqkqueue;
+               fdp->fd_wqkqueue = NULL;
+       }
+
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       if (fdp->fd_cdir)
-               vnode_rele(fdp->fd_cdir);
-       if (fdp->fd_rdir)
+       if (dealloc_kqwq) {
+               kqworkq_dealloc(dealloc_kqwq);
+       }
+       if (fdp->fd_cdir) {
+               vnode_rele(fdp->fd_cdir);
+       }
+       if (fdp->fd_rdir) {
                vnode_rele(fdp->fd_rdir);
+       }
 
        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        p->p_fd = NULL;
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       if (fdp->fd_knlist)
-               FREE(fdp->fd_knlist, M_KQUEUE);
-       if (fdp->fd_knhash)
-               FREE(fdp->fd_knhash, M_KQUEUE);
+       if (fdp->fd_kqhash) {
+               for (uint32_t j = 0; j <= fdp->fd_kqhashmask; j++) {
+                       assert(LIST_EMPTY(&fdp->fd_kqhash[j]));
+               }
+               FREE(fdp->fd_kqhash, M_KQUEUE);
+       }
+
+       lck_mtx_destroy(&fdp->fd_kqhashlock, proc_kqhashlock_grp);
+       lck_mtx_destroy(&fdp->fd_knhashlock, proc_knhashlock_grp);
 
        FREE_ZONE(fdp, sizeof(*fdp), M_FILEDESC);
 }
@@ -5022,7 +5300,7 @@ fdfree(proc_t p)
  *             p                       Pointer to proc structure
  *
  * Returns:    0                       Success
- *     closef_finish:???               Anything returnable by a per-fileops
+ *     closef_finish:???               Anything returnable by a per-fileops
  *                                     close function
  *
  * Note:       Decrements reference count on file structure; if this was the
@@ -5041,14 +5319,15 @@ closef_locked(struct fileproc *fp, struct fileglob *fg, proc_t p)
        int error;
 
        if (fg == NULL) {
-               return (0);
+               return 0;
        }
 
        /* Set up context with cred stashed in fg */
-       if (p == current_proc())
+       if (p == current_proc()) {
                context.vc_thread = current_thread();
-       else
+       } else {
                context.vc_thread = NULL;
+       }
        context.vc_ucred = fg->fg_cred;
 
        /*
@@ -5069,7 +5348,7 @@ closef_locked(struct fileproc *fp, struct fileglob *fg, proc_t p)
                lf.l_type = F_UNLCK;
                vp = (struct vnode *)fg->fg_data;
 
-               if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0 ) {
+               if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) == 0) {
                        (void) VNOP_ADVLOCK(vp, (caddr_t)p, F_UNLCK, &lf, F_POSIX, &context, NULL);
                        (void)vnode_put(vp);
                }
@@ -5080,21 +5359,24 @@ closef_locked(struct fileproc *fp, struct fileglob *fg, proc_t p)
 
        if (fg->fg_count > 0) {
                lck_mtx_unlock(&fg->fg_lock);
-               return (0);
+               return 0;
        }
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if (fg->fg_count != 0)
+       if (fg->fg_count != 0) {
                panic("fg %p: being freed with bad fg_count (%d)", fg, fg->fg_count);
+       }
 #endif
 
-       if (fp && (fp->f_flags & FP_WRITTEN))
-               fg->fg_flag |= FWASWRITTEN;
+       if (fp && (fp->f_flags & FP_WRITTEN)) {
+               fg->fg_flag |= FWASWRITTEN;
+       }
 
        fg->fg_lflags |= FG_TERM;
        lck_mtx_unlock(&fg->fg_lock);
 
-       if (p)
+       if (p) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
+       }
 
        /* Since we ensure that fg->fg_ops is always initialized,
         * it is safe to invoke fo_close on the fg */
@@ -5102,10 +5384,11 @@ closef_locked(struct fileproc *fp, struct fileglob *fg, proc_t p)
 
        fg_free(fg);
 
-       if (p)
+       if (p) {
                proc_fdlock(p);
+       }
 
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -5127,7 +5410,7 @@ closef_locked(struct fileproc *fp, struct fileglob *fg, proc_t p)
  *             close to prevent fd's from being closed out from under
  *             operations currently in progress and blocked
  *
- * See Also:   file_vnode(), file_socket(), file_drop(), and the cautions
+ * See Also:    file_vnode(), file_socket(), file_drop(), and the cautions
  *             regarding their use and interaction with this function.
  */
 void
@@ -5135,39 +5418,40 @@ fileproc_drain(proc_t p, struct fileproc * fp)
 {
        struct vfs_context context;
 
-       context.vc_thread = proc_thread(p);     /* XXX */
+       context.vc_thread = proc_thread(p);     /* XXX */
        context.vc_ucred = fp->f_fglob->fg_cred;
 
-       fp->f_iocount-- ; /* (the one the close holds) */
-
-       while (fp->f_iocount) {
+       /* Set the vflag for drain */
+       fileproc_modify_vflags(fp, FPV_DRAIN, FALSE);
 
-               lck_mtx_convert_spin(&p->p_fdmlock);
+       while (os_ref_get_count(&fp->f_iocount) > 1) {
+               lck_mtx_convert_spin(&p->p_fdmlock);
 
-               if (fp->f_fglob->fg_ops->fo_drain) {
-                       (*fp->f_fglob->fg_ops->fo_drain)(fp, &context);
-               }
+               fo_drain(fp, &context);
                if ((fp->f_flags & FP_INSELECT) == FP_INSELECT) {
                        if (waitq_wakeup64_all((struct waitq *)fp->f_wset, NO_EVENT64,
-                                              THREAD_INTERRUPTED, WAITQ_ALL_PRIORITIES) == KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT)
+                           THREAD_INTERRUPTED, WAITQ_ALL_PRIORITIES) == KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT) {
                                panic("bad wait queue for waitq_wakeup64_all %p (fp:%p)", fp->f_wset, fp);
+                       }
                }
                if ((fp->f_flags & FP_SELCONFLICT) == FP_SELCONFLICT) {
                        if (waitq_wakeup64_all(&select_conflict_queue, NO_EVENT64,
-                                              THREAD_INTERRUPTED, WAITQ_ALL_PRIORITIES) == KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT)
+                           THREAD_INTERRUPTED, WAITQ_ALL_PRIORITIES) == KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT) {
                                panic("bad select_conflict_queue");
+                       }
                }
                p->p_fpdrainwait = 1;
 
                msleep(&p->p_fpdrainwait, &p->p_fdmlock, PRIBIO, "fpdrain", NULL);
-
        }
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if ((fp->f_flags & FP_INSELECT) != 0)
+       if ((fp->f_flags & FP_INSELECT) != 0) {
                panic("FP_INSELECT set on drained fp");
+       }
 #endif
-       if ((fp->f_flags & FP_SELCONFLICT) == FP_SELCONFLICT)
+       if ((fp->f_flags & FP_SELCONFLICT) == FP_SELCONFLICT) {
                fp->f_flags &= ~FP_SELCONFLICT;
+       }
 }
 
 
@@ -5181,22 +5465,17 @@ fileproc_drain(proc_t p, struct fileproc * fp)
  * Parameters: p                               Process containing fd
  *             fd                              fd to be released
  *             fp                              fileproc to be freed
- *
- * Returns:    0                               Success
- *
- * Notes:      XXX function should be void - no one interprets the returns
- *             XXX code
  */
-int
+void
 fp_free(proc_t p, int fd, struct fileproc * fp)
 {
-        proc_fdlock_spin(p);
+       proc_fdlock_spin(p);
        fdrelse(p, fd);
-        proc_fdunlock(p);
+       proc_fdunlock(p);
 
        fg_free(fp->f_fglob);
+       os_ref_release_live(&fp->f_iocount);
        fileproc_free(fp);
-       return(0);
 }
 
 
@@ -5232,13 +5511,13 @@ flock(proc_t p, struct flock_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retval)
        struct vnode *vp;
        struct flock lf;
        vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
-       int error=0;
+       int error = 0;
 
        AUDIT_ARG(fd, uap->fd);
-       if ( (error = fp_getfvp(p, fd, &fp, &vp)) ) {
-               return(error);
+       if ((error = fp_getfvp(p, fd, &fp, &vp))) {
+               return error;
        }
-       if ( (error = vnode_getwithref(vp)) ) {
+       if ((error = vnode_getwithref(vp))) {
                goto out1;
        }
        AUDIT_ARG(vnpath, vp, ARG_VNODE1);
@@ -5252,30 +5531,31 @@ flock(proc_t p, struct flock_args *uap, __unused int32_t *retval)
                error = VNOP_ADVLOCK(vp, (caddr_t)fp->f_fglob, F_UNLCK, &lf, F_FLOCK, ctx, NULL);
                goto out;
        }
-       if (how & LOCK_EX)
+       if (how & LOCK_EX) {
                lf.l_type = F_WRLCK;
-       else if (how & LOCK_SH)
+       } else if (how & LOCK_SH) {
                lf.l_type = F_RDLCK;
-       else {
-               error = EBADF;
+       else {
+               error = EBADF;
                goto out;
        }
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        error = mac_file_check_lock(proc_ucred(p), fp->f_fglob, F_SETLK, &lf);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto out;
+       }
 #endif
        error = VNOP_ADVLOCK(vp, (caddr_t)fp->f_fglob, F_SETLK, &lf,
            (how & LOCK_NB ? F_FLOCK : F_FLOCK | F_WAIT),
            ctx, NULL);
-       if (!error)
+       if (!error) {
                fp->f_flag |= FHASLOCK;
+       }
 out:
        (void)vnode_put(vp);
 out1:
        fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 0);
-       return(error);
-
+       return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5284,14 +5564,14 @@ out1:
  * Description: Obtain a Mach send right for a given file descriptor.
  *
  * Parameters: p               Process calling fileport
- *             uap->fd         The fd to reference
- *             uap->portnamep  User address at which to place port name.
+ *              uap->fd                The fd to reference
+ *              uap->portnamep  User address at which to place port name.
  *
  * Returns:    0               Success.
- *                     EBADF           Bad file descriptor.
- *                     EINVAL          File descriptor had type that cannot be sent, misc. other errors.
- *                     EFAULT          Address at which to store port name is not valid.
- *                     EAGAIN          Resource shortage.
+ *              EBADF          Bad file descriptor.
+ *              EINVAL         File descriptor had type that cannot be sent, misc. other errors.
+ *              EFAULT         Address at which to store port name is not valid.
+ *              EAGAIN         Resource shortage.
  *
  * Implicit returns:
  *             On success, name of send right is stored at user-specified address.
@@ -5382,15 +5662,11 @@ fileport_releasefg(struct fileglob *fg)
        return;
 }
 
-
 /*
- * fileport_makefd
+ * fileport_makefd_internal
  *
  * Description: Obtain the file descriptor for a given Mach send right.
  *
- * Parameters: p               Process calling fileport
- *             uap->port       Name of send right to file port.
- *
  * Returns:    0               Success
  *             EINVAL          Invalid Mach port name, or port is not for a file.
  *     fdalloc:EMFILE
@@ -5400,24 +5676,13 @@ fileport_releasefg(struct fileglob *fg)
  *             *retval (modified)              The new descriptor
  */
 int
-fileport_makefd(proc_t p, struct fileport_makefd_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
+fileport_makefd_internal(proc_t p, ipc_port_t port, int uf_flags, int *retval)
 {
        struct fileglob *fg;
-       struct fileproc *fp = FILEPROC_NULL;
-       ipc_port_t port = IPC_PORT_NULL;
-       mach_port_name_t send = uap->port;
-       kern_return_t res;
+       struct fileproc *fp = FILEPROC_NULL;
        int fd;
        int err;
 
-       res = ipc_object_copyin(get_task_ipcspace(p->task),
-                       send, MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND, &port);
-
-       if (res != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-               err = EINVAL;
-               goto out;
-       }
-
        fg = fileport_port_to_fileglob(port);
        if (fg == NULL) {
                err = EINVAL;
@@ -5433,13 +5698,16 @@ fileport_makefd(proc_t p, struct fileport_makefd_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        fp->f_fglob = fg;
        fg_ref(fp);
 
-       proc_fdlock(p);
+       proc_fdlock(p);
        err = fdalloc(p, 0, &fd);
        if (err != 0) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
+               fg_drop(fp);
                goto out;
        }
-       *fdflags(p, fd) |= UF_EXCLOSE;
+       if (uf_flags) {
+               *fdflags(p, fd) |= uf_flags;
+       }
 
        procfdtbl_releasefd(p, fd, fp);
        proc_fdunlock(p);
@@ -5451,6 +5719,42 @@ out:
                fileproc_free(fp);
        }
 
+       return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * fileport_makefd
+ *
+ * Description: Obtain the file descriptor for a given Mach send right.
+ *
+ * Parameters: p               Process calling fileport
+ *              uap->port      Name of send right to file port.
+ *
+ * Returns:    0               Success
+ *             EINVAL          Invalid Mach port name, or port is not for a file.
+ *     fdalloc:EMFILE
+ *     fdalloc:ENOMEM          Unable to allocate fileproc or extend file table.
+ *
+ * Implicit returns:
+ *             *retval (modified)              The new descriptor
+ */
+int
+fileport_makefd(proc_t p, struct fileport_makefd_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
+{
+       ipc_port_t port = IPC_PORT_NULL;
+       mach_port_name_t send = uap->port;
+       kern_return_t res;
+       int err;
+
+       res = ipc_object_copyin(get_task_ipcspace(p->task),
+           send, MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND, &port, 0, NULL, IPC_KMSG_FLAGS_ALLOW_IMMOVABLE_SEND);
+
+       if (res == KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               err = fileport_makefd_internal(p, port, UF_EXCLOSE, retval);
+       } else {
+               err = EINVAL;
+       }
+
        if (IPC_PORT_NULL != port) {
                ipc_port_release_send(port);
        }
@@ -5500,17 +5804,16 @@ dupfdopen(struct filedesc *fdp, int indx, int dfd, int flags, int error)
 
        fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[indx];
        if (dfd < 0 || dfd >= fdp->fd_nfiles ||
-                       (wfp = fdp->fd_ofiles[dfd]) == NULL || wfp == fp ||
-                       (fdp->fd_ofileflags[dfd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
-
-               proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (EBADF);
+           (wfp = fdp->fd_ofiles[dfd]) == NULL || wfp == fp ||
+           (fdp->fd_ofileflags[dfd] & UF_RESERVED)) {
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
+               return EBADF;
        }
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        myerror = mac_file_check_dup(proc_ucred(p), wfp->f_fglob, dfd);
        if (myerror) {
                proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (myerror);
+               return myerror;
        }
 #endif
        /*
@@ -5529,34 +5832,36 @@ dupfdopen(struct filedesc *fdp, int indx, int dfd, int flags, int error)
        case ENODEV:
                if (FP_ISGUARDED(wfp, GUARD_DUP)) {
                        proc_fdunlock(p);
-                       return (EPERM);
+                       return EPERM;
                }
 
                /*
                 * Check that the mode the file is being opened for is a
                 * subset of the mode of the existing descriptor.
                 */
-               if (((flags & (FREAD|FWRITE)) | wfp->f_flag) != wfp->f_flag) {
-                       proc_fdunlock(p);
-                       return (EACCES);
+               if (((flags & (FREAD | FWRITE)) | wfp->f_flag) != wfp->f_flag) {
+                       proc_fdunlock(p);
+                       return EACCES;
                }
-               if (indx > fdp->fd_lastfile)
+               if (indx > fdp->fd_lastfile) {
                        fdp->fd_lastfile = indx;
+               }
                (void)fg_ref(wfp);
 
-               if (fp->f_fglob)
-                       fg_free(fp->f_fglob);
+               if (fp->f_fglob) {
+                       fg_free(fp->f_fglob);
+               }
                fp->f_fglob = wfp->f_fglob;
 
                fdp->fd_ofileflags[indx] = fdp->fd_ofileflags[dfd] |
-                       (flags & O_CLOEXEC) ? UF_EXCLOSE : 0;
+                   (flags & O_CLOEXEC) ? UF_EXCLOSE : 0;
 
-               proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (0);
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
+               return 0;
 
        default:
-               proc_fdunlock(p);
-               return (error);
+               proc_fdunlock(p);
+               return error;
        }
        /* NOTREACHED */
 }
@@ -5584,12 +5889,14 @@ fg_ref(struct fileproc * fp)
        lck_mtx_lock_spin(&fg->fg_lock);
 
 #if DIAGNOSTIC
-       if ((fp->f_flags & ~((unsigned int)FP_VALID_FLAGS)) != 0)
+       if ((fp->f_flags & ~((unsigned int)FP_VALID_FLAGS)) != 0) {
                panic("fg_ref: invalid bits on fp %p", fp);
+       }
 
-       if (fg->fg_count == 0)
+       if (fg->fg_count == 0) {
                panic("fg_ref: adding fgcount to zeroed fg: fp %p fg %p",
                    fp, fg);
+       }
 #endif
        fg->fg_count++;
        lck_mtx_unlock(&fg->fg_lock);
@@ -5652,7 +5959,7 @@ fg_insertuipc_mark(struct fileglob * fg)
                insert = TRUE;
        }
        lck_mtx_unlock(&fg->fg_lock);
-       return (insert);
+       return insert;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5717,7 +6024,7 @@ fg_removeuipc_mark(struct fileglob * fg)
                remove = TRUE;
        }
        lck_mtx_unlock(&fg->fg_lock);
-       return (remove);
+       return remove;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5770,7 +6077,14 @@ fg_removeuipc(struct fileglob * fg)
 int
 fo_read(struct fileproc *fp, struct uio *uio, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       return ((*fp->f_ops->fo_read)(fp, uio, flags, ctx));
+       return (*fp->f_ops->fo_read)(fp, uio, flags, ctx);
+}
+
+int
+fo_no_read(struct fileproc *fp, struct uio *uio, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+#pragma unused(fp, uio, flags, ctx)
+       return ENXIO;
 }
 
 
@@ -5791,7 +6105,14 @@ fo_read(struct fileproc *fp, struct uio *uio, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
 int
 fo_write(struct fileproc *fp, struct uio *uio, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       return((*fp->f_ops->fo_write)(fp, uio, flags, ctx));
+       return (*fp->f_ops->fo_write)(fp, uio, flags, ctx);
+}
+
+int
+fo_no_write(struct fileproc *fp, struct uio *uio, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+#pragma unused(fp, uio, flags, ctx)
+       return ENXIO;
 }
 
 
@@ -5825,7 +6146,14 @@ fo_ioctl(struct fileproc *fp, u_long com, caddr_t data, vfs_context_t ctx)
        proc_fdunlock(vfs_context_proc(ctx));
        error = (*fp->f_ops->fo_ioctl)(fp, com, data, ctx);
        proc_fdlock(vfs_context_proc(ctx));
-       return(error);
+       return error;
+}
+
+int
+fo_no_ioctl(struct fileproc *fp, u_long com, caddr_t data, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+#pragma unused(fp, com, data, ctx)
+       return ENOTTY;
 }
 
 
@@ -5846,7 +6174,14 @@ fo_ioctl(struct fileproc *fp, u_long com, caddr_t data, vfs_context_t ctx)
 int
 fo_select(struct fileproc *fp, int which, void *wql, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       return((*fp->f_ops->fo_select)(fp, which, wql, ctx));
+       return (*fp->f_ops->fo_select)(fp, which, wql, ctx);
+}
+
+int
+fo_no_select(struct fileproc *fp, int which, void *wql, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+#pragma unused(fp, which, wql, ctx)
+       return ENOTSUP;
 }
 
 
@@ -5866,7 +6201,33 @@ fo_select(struct fileproc *fp, int which, void *wql, vfs_context_t ctx)
 int
 fo_close(struct fileglob *fg, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       return((*fg->fg_ops->fo_close)(fg, ctx));
+       return (*fg->fg_ops->fo_close)(fg, ctx);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * fo_drain
+ *
+ * Description:        Generic fileops kqueue filter indirected through the fileops
+ *             pointer in the fileproc structure
+ *
+ * Parameters: fp                              fileproc structure pointer
+ *             ctx                             VFS context for operation
+ *
+ * Returns:    0                               Success
+ *             !0                              errno from drain
+ */
+int
+fo_drain(struct fileproc *fp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       return (*fp->f_ops->fo_drain)(fp, ctx);
+}
+
+int
+fo_no_drain(struct fileproc *fp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+#pragma unused(fp, ctx)
+       return ENOTSUP;
 }
 
 
@@ -5878,18 +6239,26 @@ fo_close(struct fileglob *fg, vfs_context_t ctx)
  *
  * Parameters: fp                              fileproc structure pointer
  *             kn                              pointer to knote to filter on
- *             ctx                             VFS context for operation
  *
  * Returns:    (kn->kn_flags & EV_ERROR)       error in kn->kn_data
  *             0                               Filter is not active
  *             !0                              Filter is active
  */
 int
-fo_kqfilter(struct fileproc *fp, struct knote *kn, vfs_context_t ctx)
+fo_kqfilter(struct fileproc *fp, struct knote *kn, struct kevent_qos_s *kev)
 {
-        return ((*fp->f_ops->fo_kqfilter)(fp, kn, ctx));
+       return (*fp->f_ops->fo_kqfilter)(fp, kn, kev);
 }
 
+int
+fo_no_kqfilter(struct fileproc *fp, struct knote *kn, struct kevent_qos_s *kev)
+{
+#pragma unused(fp, kev)
+       knote_set_error(kn, ENOTSUP);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+
 /*
  * The ability to send a file descriptor to another
  * process is opt-in by file type.
@@ -5904,32 +6273,44 @@ file_issendable(proc_t p, struct fileproc *fp)
        case DTYPE_SOCKET:
        case DTYPE_PIPE:
        case DTYPE_PSXSHM:
-               return (0 == (fp->f_fglob->fg_lflags & FG_CONFINED));
+       case DTYPE_NETPOLICY:
+               return 0 == (fp->f_fglob->fg_lflags & FG_CONFINED);
        default:
                /* DTYPE_KQUEUE, DTYPE_FSEVENTS, DTYPE_PSXSEM */
                return FALSE;
        }
 }
 
+os_refgrp_decl(, f_iocount_refgrp, "f_iocount", NULL);
 
 struct fileproc *
 fileproc_alloc_init(__unused void *arg)
 {
        struct fileproc *fp;
 
-       MALLOC_ZONE(fp, struct fileproc *, sizeof (*fp), M_FILEPROC, M_WAITOK);
-       if (fp)
-               bzero(fp, sizeof (*fp));
+       MALLOC_ZONE(fp, struct fileproc *, sizeof(*fp), M_FILEPROC, M_WAITOK);
+       if (fp) {
+               bzero(fp, sizeof(*fp));
+               os_ref_init(&fp->f_iocount, &f_iocount_refgrp);
+       }
 
-       return (fp);
+       return fp;
 }
 
+
 void
 fileproc_free(struct fileproc *fp)
 {
+       os_ref_count_t __unused refc = os_ref_release(&fp->f_iocount);
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+       if (0 != refc) {
+               panic("%s: pid %d refc: %u != 0",
+                   __func__, proc_pid(current_proc()), refc);
+       }
+#endif
        switch (FILEPROC_TYPE(fp)) {
        case FTYPE_SIMPLE:
-               FREE_ZONE(fp, sizeof (*fp), M_FILEPROC);
+               FREE_ZONE(fp, sizeof(*fp), M_FILEPROC);
                break;
        case FTYPE_GUARDED:
                guarded_fileproc_free(fp);
@@ -5938,3 +6319,19 @@ fileproc_free(struct fileproc *fp)
                panic("%s: corrupt fp %p flags %x", __func__, fp, fp->f_flags);
        }
 }
+
+void
+fileproc_modify_vflags(struct fileproc *fp, fileproc_vflags_t vflags, boolean_t clearflags)
+{
+       if (clearflags) {
+               os_atomic_andnot(&fp->f_vflags, vflags, relaxed);
+       } else {
+               os_atomic_or(&fp->f_vflags, vflags, relaxed);
+       }
+}
+
+fileproc_vflags_t
+fileproc_get_vflags(struct fileproc *fp)
+{
+       return os_atomic_load(&fp->f_vflags, relaxed);
+}