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Please see the .\" License for the specific language governing rights and limitations .\" under the License. .\" .\" @(#)getattrlist.2 . .Dd October 14, 2004 .Dt GETATTRLIST 2 .Os Darwin .Sh NAME .Nm getattrlist , .Nm fgetattrlist .Nd get file system attributes .Sh SYNOPSIS .Fd #include .Fd #include .Ft int .Fn getattrlist "const char* path" "struct attrlist * attrList" "void * attrBuf" "size_t attrBufSize" "unsigned long options" . .Ft int .Fn fgetattrlist "int fd" "struct attrlist * attrList" "void * attrBuf" "size_t attrBufSize" "unsigned long options" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn getattrlist function returns attributes (that is, metadata) of file system objects. .Fn getattrlist works on the file system object named by .Fa path , while .Fn fgetattrlist works on the provided file descriptor .Fa fd . You can think of .Fn getattrlist as a seriously enhanced version of .Xr stat 2 . The functions return attributes about the specified file system object into the buffer specified by .Fa attrBuf and .Fa attrBufSize . The .Fa attrList parameter determines what attributes are returned. The .Fa options parameter lets you control specific aspects of the function's behavior. .Pp . The .Fn getattrlist and .Fn fgetattrlist functions are only supported by certain volume format implementations. For maximum compatibility, client programs should use high-level APIs (such as the Carbon File Manager) to access file system attributes. These high-level APIs include logic to emulate file system attributes on volumes that don't support the calls. .Pp . Not all volumes support all attributes. See the discussion of .Dv ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES for a discussion of how to determine whether a particular volume supports a particular attribute. .Pp Furthermore, you should only request the attributes that you need. Some attributes are expensive to calculate on some volume formats. For example, .Dv ATTR_DIR_ENTRYCOUNT is usually expensive to calculate on non-HFS [Plus] volumes. If you don't need a particular attribute, you should not ask for it. .Pp . .\" path parameter . The .Fa path parameter must reference a valid file system object. Read, write or execute permission of the object itself is not required, but all directories listed in the path name leading to the object must be searchable. .Pp . .\" attrList parameter . The .Fa attrList parameter is a pointer to an .Vt attrlist structure, as defined by .Aq Pa sys/attr.h (shown below). It determines what attributes are returned by the function. You are responsible for filling out all fields of this structure before calling the function. .Bd -literal typedef u_int32_t attrgroup_t; .Pp struct attrlist { u_short bitmapcount; /* number of attr. bit sets in list */ u_int16_t reserved; /* (to maintain 4-byte alignment) */ attrgroup_t commonattr; /* common attribute group */ attrgroup_t volattr; /* volume attribute group */ attrgroup_t dirattr; /* directory attribute group */ attrgroup_t fileattr; /* file attribute group */ attrgroup_t forkattr; /* fork attribute group */ }; #define ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT 5 .Ed .Pp . .\" attrlist elements . The fields of the .Vt attrlist structure are defined as follows. .Bl -tag -width XXXbitmapcount . .It bitmapcount Number of attribute bit sets in the structure. In current systems you must set this to .Dv ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT . . .It reserved Reserved. You must set this to 0. . .It commonattr A bit set that specifies the common attributes that you require. Common attributes relate to all types of file system objects. See below for a description of these attributes. . .It volattr A bit set that specifies the volume attributes that you require. Volume attributes relate to volumes (that is, mounted file systems). See below for a description of these attributes. If you request volume attributes, .Fa path must reference the root of a volume. In addition, you can't request volume attributes if you also request file or directory attributes. . .It dirattr A bit set that specifies the directory attributes that you require. See below for a description of these attributes. . .It fileattr A bit set that specifies the file attributes that you require. See below for a description of these attributes. . .It forkattr A bit set that specifies the fork attributes that you require. Fork attributes relate to the actual data in the file, which can be held in multiple named contiguous ranges, or forks. See below for a description of these attributes. . .El .Pp . Unless otherwise noted in the lists below, attributes are read-only. Attributes labelled as read/write can be set using .Xr setattrlist 2 . .Pp . .\" attrBuf and attrBufSize parameters . The .Fa attrBuf and .Fa attrBufSize parameters specify a buffer into which the function places attribute values. The format of this buffer is sufficiently complex that its description requires a separate section (see below). The initial contents of this buffer are ignored. .Pp . .\" option parameter . The .Fa options parameter is a bit set that controls the behaviour of the functions. The following option bits are defined. . .Bl -tag -width FSOPT_PACK_INVAL_ATTRS . .It FSOPT_NOFOLLOW If this bit is set, .Fn getattrlist will not follow a symlink if it occurs as the last component of .Fa path . . .It FSOPT_REPORT_FULLSIZE The size of the attributes reported (in the first .Vt u_int32_t field in the attribute buffer) will be the size needed to hold all the requested attributes; if not set, only the attributes actually returned will be reported. This allows the caller to determine if any truncation occurred. . .It FSOPT_PACK_INVAL_ATTRS If this is bit is set, then all requested attributes, even ones that are not supported by the object or file system, will be returned. Default values will be used for the invalid ones. Requires that .Dv ATTR_CMN_RETURNED_ATTRS be requested. . .El . .Sh ATTRIBUTE BUFFER . The data returned in the buffer described by .Fa attrBuf and .Fa attrBufSize is formatted as follows. .Pp . .Bl -enum . .It The first element of the buffer is a .Vt u_int32_t that contains the overall length, in bytes, of the attributes returned. This size includes the length field itself. . .It Following the length field is a list of attributes. Each attribute is represented by a field of its type, where the type is given as part of the attribute description (below). . .It The attributes are placed into the attribute buffer in the order that they are described below. . .It Each attribute is aligned to a 4-byte boundary (including 64-bit data types). .El .Pp . If the attribute is of variable length, it is represented in the list by an .Vt attrreference structure, as defined by .Aq Pa sys/attr.h (shown below). . .Bd -literal typedef struct attrreference { int32_t attr_dataoffset; u_int32_t attr_length; } attrreference_t; .Ed .Pp . This structure contains a 'pointer' to the variable length attribute data. The .Fa attr_length field is the length of the attribute data (in bytes). The .Fa attr_dataoffset field is the offset in bytes from the .Vt attrreference structure to the attribute data. This offset will always be a multiple of sizeof(u_int32_t) bytes, so you can safely access common data types without fear of alignment exceptions. .Pp . The .Fn getattrlist function will silently truncate attribute data if .Fa attrBufSize is too small. The length field at the front of the attribute list always represents the length of the data actually copied into the attribute buffer. If the data is truncated, there is no easy way to determine the buffer size that's required to get all of the requested attributes. You should always pass an .Fa attrBufSize that is large enough to accommodate the known size of the attributes in the attribute list (including the leading length field). .Pp . Because the returned attributes are simply truncated if the buffer is too small, it's possible for a variable length attribute to reference data beyond the end of the attribute buffer. That is, it's possible for the attribute data to start beyond the end of the attribute buffer (that is, if .Fa attrRef is a pointer to the .Vt attrreference_t , ( ( (char *) .Fa attrRef ) + .Fa attr_dataoffset ) > ( ( (char *) .Fa attrBuf ) + .Fa attrSize ) ) or, indeed, for the attribute data to extend beyond the end of the attribute buffer (that is, ( ( (char *) .Fa attrRef ) + .Fa attr_dataoffset + .Fa attr_datalength ) > ( ( (char *) .Fa attrBuf ) + .Fa attrSize ) ). If this happens you must increase the size of the buffer and call .Fn getattrlist to get an accurate copy of the attribute. . .Sh COMMON ATTRIBUTES . Common attributes relate to all types of file system objects. The following common attributes are defined. . .Bl -tag -width ATTR_VOL_ALLOCATIONCLUMP . .It ATTR_CMN_RETURNED_ATTRS An .Vt attribute_set_t structure which is used to report which of the requested attributes were actually returned. This attribute, when requested, will always be the first attribute returned. By default, unsupported attributes will be skipped (i.e. not packed into the output buffer). This behavior can be over-ridden using the FSOPT_PACK_INVAL_ATTRS option flag. Only .Xr getattrlist 2 supports this attribute ( .Xr getdirentriesattr 2 and .Xr searchfs 2 do not support it ). . .It ATTR_CMN_NAME An .Vt attrreference structure containing the name of the file system object as UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The attribute data length will not be greater than .Dv NAME_MAX + 1. .Pp . .It ATTR_CMN_DEVID A .Vt dev_t containing the device number of the device on which this file system object's volume is mounted. Equivalent to the .Fa st_dev field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_CMN_FSID An .Vt fsid_t structure containing the file system identifier for the volume on which the file system object resides. Equivalent to the .Fa f_fsid field of the .Vt statfs structure returned by .Xr statfs 2 . . .Pp This value is not related to the file system ID from traditional Mac OS (for example, the .Fa filesystemID field of the .Vt FSVolumeInfo structure returned by Carbon's FSGetVolumeInfo() function). On current versions of Mac OS X that value is synthesised by the Carbon File Manager. . .It ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE An .Vt fsobj_type_t that identifies the type of file system object. The values are taken from .Vt enum vtype in .Aq Pa sys/vnode.h . . .It ATTR_CMN_OBJTAG An .Vt fsobj_tag_t that identifies the type of file system containing the object. The values are taken from .Vt enum vtagtype in .Aq Pa sys/vnode.h . . .It ATTR_CMN_OBJID An .Vt fsobj_id_t structure that uniquely identifies the file system object within its volume. The fid_generation field of this structure will be zero for all non-root callers (effective UID not 0). This identifier need not be persistent across an unmount/mount sequence. .Pp . Some volume formats use well known values for the .Fa fid_objno field for the root directory (2) and the parent of root directory (1). This is not a required behaviour of this attribute. . .It ATTR_CMN_OBJPERMANENTID An .Vt fsobj_id_t structure that uniquely identifies the file system object within its volume. The fid_generation field of this structure will be zero for all non-root callers (effective UID not 0). This identifier should be persistent across an unmount/mount sequence. .Pp Some file systems (for example, original HFS) may need to modify the on-disk structure to return a persistent identifier. If such a file system is mounted read-only, an attempt to get this attribute will fail with the error .Dv EROFS . . .It ATTR_CMN_PAROBJID An .Vt fsobj_id_t structure that identifies the parent directory of the file system object. The fid_generation field of this structure will be zero for all non-root callers (effective UID not 0). Equivalent to the ATTR_CMN_OBJID attribute of the parent directory. This identifier need not be persistent across an unmount/mount sequence. .Pp . On a volume that supports hard links, a multiply linked file has no unique parent. This attribute will return an unspecified parent. .Pp . For some volume formats this attribute is very expensive to calculate. . .It ATTR_CMN_SCRIPT (read/write) A .Vt text_encoding_t containing a text encoding hint for the file system object's name. It is included to facilitate the lossless round trip conversion of names between Unicode and traditional Mac OS script encodings. The values are defined in .Aq Pa CarbonCore/TextCommon.h . File systems that do not have an appropriate text encoding value should return kTextEncodingMacUnicode. See DTS Q&A 1173 "File Manager Text Encoding Hints". . .It ATTR_CMN_CRTIME (read/write) A .Vt timespec structure containing the time that the file system object was created. . .It ATTR_CMN_MODTIME (read/write) A .Vt timespec structure containing the time that the file system object was last modified. Equivalent to the .Fa st_mtimespec field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_CMN_CHGTIME (read/write) A .Vt timespec structure containing the time that the file system object's attributes were last modified. Equivalent to the .Fa st_ctimespec field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_CMN_ACCTIME (read/write) A .Vt timespec structure containing the time that the file system object was last accessed. Equivalent to the .Fa st_atimespec field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_CMN_BKUPTIME (read/write) A .Vt timespec structure containing the time that the file system object was last backed up. This value is for use by backup utilities. The file system stores but does not interpret the value. . .It ATTR_CMN_FNDRINFO (read/write) 32 bytes of data for use by the Finder. Equivalent to the concatenation of a .Vt FileInfo structure and an .Vt ExtendedFileInfo structure (or, for directories, a .Vt FolderInfo structure and an .Vt ExtendedFolderInfo structure). These structures are defined in .Aq Pa CarbonCore/Finder.h . .Pp This attribute is not byte swapped by the file system. The value of multibyte fields on disk is always big endian. When running on a little endian system (such as Darwin on x86), you must byte swap any multibyte fields. . .It ATTR_CMN_OWNERID (read/write) A .Vt uid_t containing the owner of the file system object. Equivalent to the .Fa st_uid field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_CMN_GRPID (read/write) A .Vt gid_t containing the group of the file system object. Equivalent to the .Fa st_gid field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_CMN_ACCESSMASK (read/write) A .Vt u_int32_t containing the access permissions of the file system object. Equivalent to the .Fa st_mode field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of named attributes of the file system object. . .It ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRLIST An .Vt attrreference structure containing a list of named attributes of the file system object. No built-in file systems on Mac OS X currently support named attributes. Because of this, the structure of this attribute's value is not yet defined. . .It ATTR_CMN_FLAGS (read/write) A .Vt u_int32_t containing file flags. Equivalent to the .Fa st_flags field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . For more information about these flags, see .Xr chflags 2 . .Pp . The order that attributes are placed into the attribute buffer almost invariably matches the order of the attribute mask bit values. The exception is .Dv ATTR_CMN_FLAGS . If its order was based on its bit position, it would be before the .Dv ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRCOUNT / .Dv ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRLIST pair, however, it is placed in the buffer after them. . .It ATTR_CMN_USERACCESS A .Vt u_int32_t containing the effective permissions of the current user (the calling process's effective UID) for this file system object. You can test for read, write, and execute permission using .Dv R_OK , .Dv W_OK , and .Dv X_OK , respectively. See .Xr access 2 for more details. . .It ATTR_CMN_EXTENDED_SECURITY A variable-length object (thus an .Vt attrreference structure) containing a .Vt kauth_filesec structure, of which only the ACL entry is used. . .It ATTR_CMN_UUID A .Vt guid_t of the owner of the file system object. Analoguous to .Dv ATTR_CMN_OWNERID . . .It ATTR_CMN_GRPUUID A .Vt guid_t of the group to which the file system object belongs. Analoguous to .Dv ATTR_CMN_GRPID . . .It ATTR_CMN_FILEID A .Vt u_int64_t that uniquely identifies the file system object within its volume. . .It ATTR_CMN_PARENTID A .Vt u_int64_t that identifies the parent directory of the file system object. . .It ATTR_CMN_FULLPATH An .Vt attrreference structure containing the full path (resolving all symlinks) to the file system object as a UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The attribute data length will not be greater than .Dv PATH_MAX. Inconsistent behavior may be observed when this attribute is requested on hard-linked items, particularly when the file system does not support ATTR_CMN_PARENTID natively. Callers should be aware of this when requesting the full path of a hard-linked item. .Pp . .El . .Sh VOLUME ATTRIBUTES . Volume attributes relate to volumes (that is, mounted file systems). The following volume attributes are defined. . .Bl -tag -width ATTR_VOL_ALLOCATIONCLUMP . .It ATTR_VOL_INFO For reasons that are not at all obvious, you must set .Dv ATTR_VOL_INFO in the .Fa volattr field if you request any other volume attributes. This does not result in any attribute data being added to the attribute buffer. . .It ATTR_VOL_FSTYPE A .Vt u_int32_t containing the file system type. Equivalent to the .Fa f_type field of the .Vt statfs structure returned by .Xr statfs 2 . Generally not a useful value. . .It ATTR_VOL_SIGNATURE A .Vt u_int32_t containing the volume signature word. This value is unique within a given file system type and lets you distinguish between different volume formats handled by the same file system. See .Aq Pa CarbonCore/Files.h for more details. . .It ATTR_VOL_SIZE An .Vt off_t containing the total size of the volume in bytes. . .It ATTR_VOL_SPACEFREE An .Vt off_t containing the free space on the volume in bytes. . .It ATTR_VOL_SPACEAVAIL An .Vt off_t containing the space, in bytes, on the volume available to non-privileged processes. This is the free space minus the amount of space reserved by the system to prevent critical disk exhaustion errors. Non-privileged programs, like a disk management tool, should use this value to display the space available to the user. .Pp .Dv ATTR_VOL_SPACEAVAIL is to .Dv ATTR_VOL_SPACEFREE as .Fa f_bavail is to .Fa f_bfree in .Xr statfs 2 . . .It ATTR_VOL_MINALLOCATION An .Vt off_t containing the minimum allocation size on the volume in bytes. If you create a file containing one byte, it will consume this much space. . .It ATTR_VOL_ALLOCATIONCLUMP An .Vt off_t containing the allocation clump size on the volume, in bytes. As a file is extended, the file system will attempt to allocate this much space each time in order to reduce fragmentation. . .It ATTR_VOL_IOBLOCKSIZE A .Vt u_int32_t containing the optimal block size when reading or writing data. Equivalent to the .Fa f_iosize field of the .Vt statfs structure returned by .Xr statfs 2 . . .It ATTR_VOL_OBJCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of file system objects on the volume. . .It ATTR_VOL_FILECOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of files on the volume. . .It ATTR_VOL_DIRCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of directories on the volume. . .It ATTR_VOL_MAXOBJCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the maximum number of file system objects that can be stored on the volume. . .It ATTR_VOL_MOUNTPOINT An .Vt attrreference structure containing the path to the volume's mount point as a UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The attribute data length will not be greater than .Dv MAXPATHLEN . Equivalent to the .Fa f_mntonname field of the .Vt statfs structure returned by .Xr statfs 2 . . .It ATTR_VOL_NAME (read/write) An .Vt attrreference structure containing the name of the volume as a UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The attribute data length will not be greater than .Dv NAME_MAX + 1. .Pp . This attribute is only read/write if the .Dv VOL_CAP_INT_VOL_RENAME bit is set in the volume capabilities (see below). .Pp . .It ATTR_VOL_MOUNTFLAGS A .Vt u_int32_t containing the volume mount flags. This is a copy of the value passed to the .Fa flags parameter of .Xr mount 2 when the volume was mounted. Equivalent to the .Fa f_flags field of the .Vt statfs structure returned by .Xr statfs 2 . . .It ATTR_VOL_MOUNTEDDEVICE An .Vt attrreference structure that returns the same value as the .Fa f_mntfromname field of the .Vt statfs structure returned by .Xr statfs 2 . For local volumes this is the path to the device on which the volume is mounted as a UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. For network volumes, this is a unique string that identifies the mount. The attribute data length will not be greater than .Dv MAXPATHLEN . .Pp . .It ATTR_VOL_ENCODINGSUSED An .Vt unsigned long long containing a bitmap of the text encodings used on this volume. For more information about this, see the discussion of .Fa encodingsBitmap in DTS Technote 1150 "HFS Plus Volume Format". . .It ATTR_VOL_CAPABILITIES A .Vt vol_capabilities_attr_t structure describing the optional features supported by this volume. See below for a discussion of volume capabilities. . .It ATTR_VOL_UUID A .Vt uuid_t containing the file system UUID. Typically this will be a version 5 UUID. . .It ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES A .Vt vol_attributes_attr_t structure describing the attributes supported by this volume. This structure is discussed below, along with volume capabilities. . .El . .Sh DIRECTORY ATTRIBUTES . The following directory attributes are defined. . .Bl -tag -width ATTR_VOL_ALLOCATIONCLUMP . .It ATTR_DIR_LINKCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of hard links to the directory; this does not include the historical "." and ".." entries. For file systems that do not support hard links to directories, this value will be 1. . .It ATTR_DIR_ENTRYCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of file system objects in the directory, not including any synthetic items. The historical "." and ".." entries are also excluded from this count. . .It ATTR_DIR_MOUNTSTATUS A .Vt u_int32_t containing flags describing what's mounted on the directory. Currently the only flag defined is .Dv DIR_MNTSTATUS_MNTPOINT, which indicates that there is a file system mounted on this directory. . .El . .Pp Requested directory attributes are not returned for file system objects that are not directories. . .Sh FILE ATTRIBUTES . The following file attributes are defined. . .Bl -tag -width ATTR_VOL_ALLOCATIONCLUMP . .It ATTR_FILE_LINKCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of hard links to this file. Equivalent to the .Fa st_nlink field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_FILE_TOTALSIZE An .Vt off_t containing the total number of bytes in all forks of the file (the logical size). . .It ATTR_FILE_ALLOCSIZE An .Vt off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by all of the file's forks (the physical size). . .It ATTR_FILE_IOBLOCKSIZE A .Vt u_int32_t containing the optimal block size when reading or writing this file's data. . .It ATTR_FILE_CLUMPSIZE A .Vt u_int32_t containing the allocation clump size for this file, in bytes. As the file is extended, the file system will attempt to allocate this much space each time in order to reduce fragmentation. This value applies to the data fork. . .It ATTR_FILE_DEVTYPE (read/write) A .Vt u_int32_t containing the device type for a special device file. Equivalent to the .Fa st_rdev field of the .Vt stat structure returned by .Xr stat 2 . . .It ATTR_FILE_FILETYPE A .Vt u_int32_t that whose value is reserved. Clients should ignore its value. New volume format implementations should not support this attribute. . .It ATTR_FILE_FORKCOUNT A .Vt u_int32_t containing the number of forks in the file. No built-in file systems on Mac OS X currently support forks other than the data and resource fork. . .It ATTR_FILE_FORKLIST An .Vt attrreference structure containing a list of named forks of the file. No built-in file systems on Mac OS X currently support forks other than the data and resource fork. Because of this, the structure of this attribute's value is not yet defined. . .It ATTR_FILE_DATALENGTH An .Vt off_t containing the length of the data fork in bytes (the logical size). . .It ATTR_FILE_DATAALLOCSIZE An .Vt off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by the data fork (the physical size). . .It ATTR_FILE_DATAEXTENTS An .Vt extentrecord array for the data fork. The array contains eight .Vt diskextent structures which represent the first eight extents of the fork. .Pp This attributes exists for compatibility reasons. New clients should not use this attribute. Rather, they should use the .Dv F_LOG2PHYS command in .Xr fcntl 2 . .Pp . In current implementations the value may not be entirely accurate for a variety of reasons. . .It ATTR_FILE_RSRCLENGTH An .Vt off_t containing the length of the resource fork in bytes (the logical size). . .It ATTR_FILE_RSRCALLOCSIZE An .Vt off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by the resource fork (the physical size). . .It ATTR_FILE_RSRCEXTENTS An .Vt extentrecord array for the resource fork. The array contains eight .Vt diskextent structures which represent the first eight extents of the fork. .Pp See also .Dv ATTR_FILE_DATAEXTENTS . . .El . .Pp File attributes are used for any file system object that is not a directory, not just ordinary files. Requested file attributes are not returned for file system objects that are directories. . .Sh FORK ATTRIBUTES . Fork attributes relate to the actual data in the file, which can be held in multiple named contiguous ranges, or forks. The following fork attributes are defined. . .Bl -tag -width ATTR_VOL_ALLOCATIONCLUMP . .It ATTR_FORK_TOTALSIZE An .Vt off_t containing the length of the fork in bytes (the logical size). . .It ATTR_FORK_ALLOCSIZE An .Vt off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by the fork (the physical size). . .El .Pp . Fork attributes are not properly implemented by any current Mac OS X volume format implementation. We strongly recommend that client programs do not request fork attributes. If you are implementing a volume format, you should not support these attributes. . .Sh VOLUME CAPABILITIES . .\" vol_capabilities_attr_t . Not all volumes support all features. The .Dv ATTR_VOL_CAPABILITIES attribute returns a .Vt vol_capabilities_attr_t structure (shown below) that indicates which features are supported by the volume. . .Bd -literal typedef u_int32_t vol_capabilities_set_t[4]; .Pp . #define VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT 0 #define VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES 1 #define VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED1 2 #define VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED2 3 .Pp . typedef struct vol_capabilities_attr { vol_capabilities_set_t capabilities; vol_capabilities_set_t valid; } vol_capabilities_attr_t; .Ed .Pp . The structure contains two fields, .Fa capabilities and .Fa valid . Each consists of an array of four elements. The arrays are indexed by the following values. . .Bl -tag -width VOL_CAP_FMT_PERSISTENTOBJECTIDS . .It VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT This element contains information about the volume format. See .Dv VOL_CAP_FMT_PERSISTENTOBJECTIDS and so on, below. . .It VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES This element contains information about which optional functions are supported by the volume format implementation. See .Dv VOL_CAP_INT_SEARCHFS and so on, below. . .It VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED1 Reserved. A file system implementation should set this element to zero. A client program should ignore this element. . .It VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED2 Reserved. A file system implementation should set this element to zero. A client program should ignore this element. . .El .Pp . The .Fa valid field contains bit sets that indicate which flags are known to the volume format implementation. Each bit indicates whether the contents of the corresponding bit in the .Fa capabilities field is valid. .Pp . The .Fa capabilities field contains bit sets that indicate whether a particular feature is implemented by this volume format. .Pp . The following bits are defined in the first element (indexed by .Dv VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT ) of the .Fa capabilities and .Fa valid fields of the .Vt vol_capabilities_attr_t structure. . .Bl -tag -width VOL_CAP_FMT_PERSISTENTOBJECTIDS . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_PERSISTENTOBJECTIDS If this bit is set the volume format supports persistent object identifiers and can look up file system objects by their IDs. See .Dv ATTR_CMN_OBJPERMANENTID for details about how to obtain these identifiers. . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_SYMBOLICLINKS If this bit is set the volume format supports symbolic links. . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_HARDLINKS If this bit is set the volume format supports hard links. . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_JOURNAL If this bit is set the volume format supports a journal used to speed recovery in case of unplanned restart (such as a power outage or crash). This does not necessarily mean the volume is actively using a journal. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_JOURNAL_ACTIVE If this bit is set the volume is currently using a journal for speedy recovery after an unplanned restart. This bit can be set only if .Dv VOL_CAP_FMT_JOURNAL is also set. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_NO_ROOT_TIMES If this bit is set the volume format does not store reliable times for the root directory, so you should not depend on them to detect changes, identify volumes across unmount/mount, and so on. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_SPARSE_FILES If this bit is set the volume format supports sparse files, that is, files which can have 'holes' that have never been written to, and thus do not consume space on disk. A sparse file may have an allocated size on disk that is less than its logical length (that is, .Dv ATTR_FILE_ALLOCSIZE < .Dv ATTR_FILE_TOTALSIZE ). . .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_ZERO_RUNS For security reasons, parts of a file (runs) that have never been written to must appear to contain zeroes. When this bit is set, the volume keeps track of allocated but unwritten runs of a file so that it can substitute zeroes without actually writing zeroes to the media. This provides performance similar to sparse files, but not the space savings. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_SENSITIVE If this bit is set the volume format treats upper and lower case characters in file and directory names as different. Otherwise an upper case character is equivalent to a lower case character, and you can't have two names that differ solely in the case of the characters. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_PRESERVING If this bit is set the volume format preserves the case of file and directory names. Otherwise the volume may change the case of some characters (typically making them all upper or all lower case). A volume that sets .Dv VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_SENSITIVE must also set .Dv VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_PRESERVING . .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_FAST_STATFS This bit is used as a hint to upper layers (specifically the Carbon File Manager) to indicate that .Xr statfs 2 is fast enough that its results need not be cached by the caller. A volume format implementation that caches the .Xr statfs 2 information in memory should set this bit. An implementation that must always read from disk or always perform a network transaction to satisfy .Xr statfs 2 should not set this bit. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_2TB_FILESIZE If this bit is set the volume format supports file sizes larger than 4GB, and potentially up to 2TB; it does not indicate whether the file system supports files larger than that. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 8.0 (Mac OS X version 10.4). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_OPENDENYMODES If this bit is set, the volume format supports open deny modes (e.g., "open for read write, deny write"). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_HIDDEN_FILES If this bit is set, the volume format supports the .Dv UF_HIDDEN file flag, and the .Dv UF_HIDDEN flag is mapped to that volume's native "hidden" or "invisible" bit (e.g., the invisible bit from the Finder Info extended attribute). . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_PATH_FROM_ID If this bit is set, the volume format supports the ability to derive a pathname to the root of the file system given only the ID of an object. This also implies that object IDs on this file system are persistent and not recycled. Most file systems will not support this capability. . .It VOL_CAP_FMT_NO_VOLUME_SIZES If this bit is set the volume format does not support determining values for total data blocks, available blocks, or free blocks, as in .Fa f_blocks, .Fa f_bavail, and .Fa f_bfree in the .Fa struct statfs returned by .Xr statfs 2 . Historically, those values were set to 0xFFFFFFFF for volumes that did not support them. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 10.0 (Mac OS X version 10.6). . .El .Pp . The following bits are defined in the second element (indexed by .Dv VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES ) of the .Fa capabilities and .Fa valid fields of the .Vt vol_capabilities_attr_t structure. . .Bl -tag -width VOL_CAP_FMT_PERSISTENTOBJECTIDS . .It VOL_CAP_INT_SEARCHFS If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports .Xr searchfs 2 . . .It VOL_CAP_INT_ATTRLIST If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports .Fn getattrlist and .Xr setattrlist 2 . . .It VOL_CAP_INT_NFSEXPORT If this bit is set the volume format implementation allows this volume to be exported via NFS. . .It VOL_CAP_INT_READDIRATTR If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports .Xr getdirentriesattr 2 . . .It VOL_CAP_INT_EXCHANGEDATA If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports .Xr exchangedata 2 . .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_COPYFILE If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports the (private and undocumented) copyfile() function. (This is not the .Xr copyfile 3 function.) .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_ALLOCATE If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports the .Dv F_PREALLOCATE selector of .Xr fcntl 2 . .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_VOL_RENAME If this bit is set the volume format implementation allows you to modify the volume name using .Xr setattrlist 2 . .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_ADVLOCK If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports advisory locking, that is, the .Dv F_GETLK , .Dv F_SETLK , and .Dv F_SETLKW selectors to .Xr fcntl 2 . .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_FLOCK If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports whole file locks. This includes .Xr flock 2 and the .Dv O_EXLOCK and .Dv O_SHLOCK flags to .Xr open 2 . .Pp Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_SECURITY If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports extended security controls (ACLs). .Pp Introduced with Darwin 8.0 (Mac OS X version 10.4). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_USERACCESS If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports the ATTR_CMN_USERACCESS attribute. .Pp Introduced with Darwin 8.0 (Mac OS X version 10.4). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_MANLOCK If this bit is set, the volume format implementation supports AFP-style mandatory byte range locks via .Xr ioctl 2 . . .It VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_ATTR If this bit is set, the volume format implementation supports native extended attributes (see .Xr setxattr 2 ). . .It VOL_CAP_INT_NAMEDSTREAMS If this bit is set, the volume format implementation supports native named streams. . .El .Pp . .\" vol_attributes_attr_t . A volume can also report which attributes it supports. This information is returned by the .Dv ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES attribute, which returns a .Vt vol_attributes_attr_t structure (shown below). . .Bd -literal typedef struct attribute_set { attrgroup_t commonattr; /* common attribute group */ attrgroup_t volattr; /* volume attribute group */ attrgroup_t dirattr; /* directory attribute group */ attrgroup_t fileattr; /* file attribute group */ attrgroup_t forkattr; /* fork attribute group */ } attribute_set_t; .Pp . typedef struct vol_attributes_attr { attribute_set_t validattr; attribute_set_t nativeattr; } vol_attributes_attr_t; .Ed .Pp . The .Fa validattr field consists of a number of bit sets that indicate whether an attribute is supported by the volume format implementation. The .Fa nativeattr is similar except that the bit sets indicate whether an attribute is supported natively by the volume format. An attribute is supported natively if the volume format implementation does not have to do any complex conversions to access the attribute. For example, a volume format might support persistent object identifiers, but doing so requires a complex table lookup that is not part of the core volume format. In that case, the .Dv ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES attribute would return .Dv ATTR_CMN_OBJPERMANENTID set in the .Fa validattr field of the .Vt vol_attributes_attr_t , but not in the .Fa nativeattr field. . .Sh RETURN VALUES Upon successful completion a value of 0 is returned. Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and .Va errno is set to indicate the error. . .Sh COMPATIBILITY Not all volumes support .Fn getattrlist . The best way to test whether a volume supports this function is to simply call it and check the error result. .Fn getattrlist will return .Dv ENOTSUP if it is not supported on a particular volume. .Pp . The .Fn getattrlist function has been undocumented for more than two years. In that time a number of volume format implementations have been created without a proper specification for the behaviour of this routine. You may encounter volume format implementations with slightly different behaviour than what is described here. Your program is expected to be tolerant of this variant behaviour. .Pp . If you're implementing a volume format that supports .Fn getattrlist , you should be careful to support the behaviour specified by this document. . .Sh ERRORS .Fn getattrlist and .Fn fgetattrlist will fail if: .Bl -tag -width Er . .It Bq Er ENOTSUP The volume does not support the query. . .It Bq Er ENOTDIR A component of the path prefix for .Fn getattrlist is not a directory. . .It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG A component of a path name for .Fn getattrlist exceeded .Dv NAME_MAX characters, or an entire path name exceeded .Dv PATH_MAX characters. . .It Bq Er ENOENT The file system object for .Fn getattrlist does not exist. . .It Bq Er EBADF The file descriptor argument for .Fn fgetattrlist is not a valid file descriptor. . .It Bq Er EACCES Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix for .Fn getattrlist . . .It Bq Er ELOOP Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname for .Fn getattrlist . . .It Bq Er EFAULT .Fa path , .Fa attrList or .Em attrBuf points to an invalid address. . .It Bq Er EINVAL The .Fa bitmapcount field of .Fa attrList is not .Dv ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT . . .It Bq Er EINVAL You requested an invalid attribute. . .It Bq Er EINVAL You requested an attribute that is not supported for this file system object. . .It Bq Er EINVAL You requested volume attributes and directory or file attributes. . .It Bq Er EINVAL You requested volume attributes but .Fa path does not reference the root of the volume. . .It Bq Er EROFS The volume is read-only but must be modified in order to return this attribute. . .It Bq Er EIO An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system. .El .Pp . .Sh CAVEATS . If you request any volume attributes, you must set .Dv ATTR_VOL_INFO in the .Fa volattr field, even though it generates no result in the attribute buffer. .Pp . The order that attributes are stored in the attribute buffer almost invariably matches the order of attribute mask bit values. For example, .Dv ATTR_CMN_NAME (0x00000001) comes before .Dv ATTR_CMN_DEVID (0x00000002) because its value is smaller. However, you can not rely on this ordering because there is one key exception: .Dv ATTR_CMN_FLAGS is placed after the .Dv ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRCOUNT / .Dv ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRLIST pair, even though its bit position indicates that it should come before. This is due to a bug in an early version of Mac OS X that can't be fixed for binary compatibility reasons. When ordering attributes, you should always use the order in which they are described above. .Pp . The .Vt timespec structure is 64-bits (two 32-bit elements) in 32-bit code, and 128-bits (two 64-bit elements) in 64-bit code; however, it is aligned on a 4-byte (32-bit) boundary, even in 64-bit code. .Pp . Inconsistent behavior may be observed when the ATTR_CMN_FULLPATH attribute is requested on hard-linked items, particularly when the file system does not support ATTR_CMN_PARENTID natively. Callers should be aware of this when requesting the full path of a hard-linked item, especially if the full path crosses mount points. .Pp . For more caveats, see also the compatibility notes above. . .Sh EXAMPLES . The following code prints the file type and creator of a file, assuming that the volume supports the required attributes. . .Bd -literal #include #include #include #include #include #include #include .Pp . typedef struct attrlist attrlist_t; .Pp . struct FInfoAttrBuf { u_int32_t length; fsobj_type_t objType; char finderInfo[32]; }; typedef struct FInfoAttrBuf FInfoAttrBuf; .Pp . static int FInfoDemo(const char *path) { int err; attrlist_t attrList; FInfoAttrBuf attrBuf; .Pp . memset(&attrList, 0, sizeof(attrList)); attrList.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT; attrList.commonattr = ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE | ATTR_CMN_FNDRINFO; .Pp err = getattrlist(path, &attrList, &attrBuf, sizeof(attrBuf), 0); if (err != 0) { err = errno; } .Pp if (err == 0) { assert(attrBuf.length == sizeof(attrBuf)); .Pp printf("Finder information for %s:\en", path); switch (attrBuf.objType) { case VREG: printf("file type = '%.4s'\en", &attrBuf.finderInfo[0]); printf("file creator = '%.4s'\en", &attrBuf.finderInfo[4]); break; case VDIR: printf("directory\en"); break; default: printf("other object type, %d\en", attrBuf.objType); break; } } .Pp . return err; } .Ed .Pp . The following code is an alternative implementation that uses nested structures to group the related attributes. . .Bd -literal #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include .Pp . typedef struct attrlist attrlist_t; .Pp . struct FInfo2CommonAttrBuf { fsobj_type_t objType; char finderInfo[32]; }; typedef struct FInfo2CommonAttrBuf FInfo2CommonAttrBuf; .Pp . struct FInfo2AttrBuf { u_int32_t length; FInfo2CommonAttrBuf common; }; typedef struct FInfo2AttrBuf FInfo2AttrBuf; .Pp . static int FInfo2Demo(const char *path) { int err; attrlist_t attrList; FInfo2AttrBuf attrBuf; .Pp . memset(&attrList, 0, sizeof(attrList)); attrList.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT; attrList.commonattr = ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE | ATTR_CMN_FNDRINFO; .Pp . err = getattrlist(path, &attrList, &attrBuf, sizeof(attrBuf), 0); if (err != 0) { err = errno; } .Pp . if (err == 0) { assert(attrBuf.length == sizeof(attrBuf)); .Pp . printf("Finder information for %s:\en", path); switch (attrBuf.common.objType) { case VREG: printf( "file type = '%.4s'\en", &attrBuf.common.finderInfo[0] ); printf( "file creator = '%.4s'\en", &attrBuf.common.finderInfo[4] ); break; case VDIR: printf("directory\en"); break; default: printf( "other object type, %d\en", attrBuf.common.objType ); break; } } .Pp . return err; } .Ed .Pp . The following example shows how to deal with variable length attributes. It assumes that the volume specified by .Fa path supports the necessary attributes. . .Bd -literal #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include .Pp . typedef struct attrlist attrlist_t; .Pp . struct VolAttrBuf { u_int32_t length; u_int32_t fileCount; u_int32_t dirCount; attrreference_t mountPointRef; attrreference_t volNameRef; char mountPointSpace[MAXPATHLEN]; char volNameSpace[MAXPATHLEN]; }; typedef struct VolAttrBuf VolAttrBuf; .Pp . static int VolDemo(const char *path) { int err; attrlist_t attrList; VolAttrBuf attrBuf; .Pp . memset(&attrList, 0, sizeof(attrList)); attrList.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT; attrList.volattr = ATTR_VOL_INFO | ATTR_VOL_FILECOUNT | ATTR_VOL_DIRCOUNT | ATTR_VOL_MOUNTPOINT | ATTR_VOL_NAME; .Pp err = getattrlist(path, &attrList, &attrBuf, sizeof(attrBuf), 0); if (err != 0) { err = errno; } .Pp if (err == 0) { assert(attrBuf.length > offsetof(VolAttrBuf, mountPointSpace)); assert(attrBuf.length <= sizeof(attrBuf)); .Pp printf("Volume information for %s:\en", path); printf("ATTR_VOL_FILECOUNT: %u\en", attrBuf.fileCount); printf("ATTR_VOL_DIRCOUNT: %u\en", attrBuf.dirCount); printf( "ATTR_VOL_MOUNTPOINT: %.*s\en", (int) attrBuf.mountPointRef.attr_length, ( ((char *) &attrBuf.mountPointRef) + attrBuf.mountPointRef.attr_dataoffset ) ); printf( "ATTR_VOL_NAME: %.*s\en", (int) attrBuf.volNameRef.attr_length, ( ((char *) &attrBuf.volNameRef) + attrBuf.volNameRef.attr_dataoffset ) ); } .Pp . return err; } .Ed .Pp . .Sh SEE ALSO . .Xr access 2 , .Xr chflags 2 , .Xr exchangedata 2 , .Xr fcntl 2 , .Xr getdirentriesattr 2 , .Xr mount 2 , .Xr searchfs 2 , .Xr setattrlist 2 , .Xr stat 2 , .Xr statfs 2 . .Sh HISTORY A .Fn getattrlist function call appeared in Darwin 1.3.1 (Mac OS X version 10.0). .