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	1	.\" $NetBSD: ioctl.2,v 1.5 1995/02/27 12:33:47 cgd Exp $
	2	.\"
	3	.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
	4	.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
	5	.\"
	6	.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	7	.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
	8	.\" are met:
	9	.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	10	.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	11	.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
	12	.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
	13	.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
	14	.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
	15	.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
	16	.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
	17	.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
	18	.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
	19	.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
	20	.\" without specific prior written permission.
	21	.\"
	22	.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
	23	.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
	24	.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
	25	.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
	26	.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
	27	.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
	28	.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
	29	.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
	30	.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
	31	.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
	32	.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
	33	.\"
	34	.\" @(#)ioctl.2 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
	35	.\"
	36	.Dd December 11, 1993
	37	.Dt IOCTL 2
	38	.Os BSD 4
	39	.Sh NAME
	40	.Nm ioctl
	41	.Nd control device
	42	.Sh SYNOPSIS
	43	.Fd #include <sys/ioctl.h>
	44	.Ft int
	45	.Fo ioctl
	46	.Fa "int fildes"
	47	.Fa "unsigned long request"
	48	.Fa "..."
	49	.Fc
	50	.Sh DESCRIPTION
	51	The
	52	.Fn ioctl
	53	function manipulates the underlying device parameters of special files.
	54	In particular, many operating
	55	characteristics of character special files (e.g. terminals)
	56	may be controlled with
	57	.Fn ioctl
	58	requests.
	59	The argument
	60	.Fa fildes
	61	must be an open file descriptor.
	62	.Pp
	63	An ioctl
	64	.Fa request
	65	has encoded in it whether the argument is an
	66	.Dq in
	67	parameter
	68	or
	69	.Dq out
	70	parameter, and the size of the argument
	71	.Fa argp
	72	in bytes.
	73	Macros and defines used in specifying an ioctl
	74	.Fa request
	75	are located in the file
	76	.Ao Pa sys/ioctl.h Ac .
	77	.Sh RETURN VALUES
	78	If an error has occurred, a value of -1 is returned and
	79	.Va errno
	80	is set to indicate the error.
	81	.Sh ERRORS
	82	.Fn Ioctl
	83	will fail if:
	84	.Bl -tag -width Er
	85	.\" ==========
	86	.It Bq Er EBADF
	87	.Fa fildes
	88	is not a valid descriptor.
	89	.\" ==========
	90	.It Bq Er EINVAL
	91	.Fa Request
	92	or
	93	.Fa argp
	94	is not valid.
	95	.\" ==========
	96	.It Bq Er ENOTTY
	97	.Fa fildes
	98	is not associated with a character
	99	special device.
	100	.\" ==========
	101	.It Bq Er ENOTTY
	102	The specified request does not apply to the kind
	103	of object that the descriptor
	104	.Fa fildes
	105	references.
	106	.El
	107	.Sh SEE ALSO
	108	.Xr cdio 1 ,
	109	.Xr chio 1 ,
	110	.Xr mt 1 ,
	111	.Xr execve 2 ,
	112	.Xr fcntl 2 ,
	113	.Xr intro 4 ,
	114	.Xr tty 4
	115	.Sh HISTORY
	116	An
	117	.Fn ioctl
	118	function call appeared in
	119	.At v7 .