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1.\" $NetBSD: ioctl.2,v 1.5 1995/02/27 12:33:47 cgd Exp $
2.\"
3.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5.\"
6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8.\" are met:
9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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33.\"
34.\" @(#)ioctl.2 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
35.\"
36.Dd December 11, 1993
37.Dt IOCTL 2
38.Os BSD 4
39.Sh NAME
40.Nm ioctl
41.Nd control device
42.Sh SYNOPSIS
43.Fd #include <sys/ioctl.h>
44.Ft int
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45.Fo ioctl
46.Fa "int fildes"
47.Fa "unsigned long request"
48.Fa "..."
49.Fc
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50.Sh DESCRIPTION
51The
52.Fn ioctl
53function manipulates the underlying device parameters of special files.
54In particular, many operating
55characteristics of character special files (e.g. terminals)
56may be controlled with
57.Fn ioctl
58requests.
59The argument
2d21ac55 60.Fa fildes
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61must be an open file descriptor.
62.Pp
63An ioctl
64.Fa request
65has encoded in it whether the argument is an
66.Dq in
67parameter
68or
69.Dq out
70parameter, and the size of the argument
71.Fa argp
72in bytes.
73Macros and defines used in specifying an ioctl
74.Fa request
75are located in the file
76.Ao Pa sys/ioctl.h Ac .
77.Sh RETURN VALUES
78If an error has occurred, a value of -1 is returned and
79.Va errno
80is set to indicate the error.
81.Sh ERRORS
82.Fn Ioctl
83will fail if:
84.Bl -tag -width Er
2d21ac55 85.\" ==========
9bccf70c 86.It Bq Er EBADF
2d21ac55 87.Fa fildes
9bccf70c 88is not a valid descriptor.
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89.\" ==========
90.It Bq Er EINVAL
91.Fa Request
92or
93.Fa argp
94is not valid.
95.\" ==========
9bccf70c 96.It Bq Er ENOTTY
2d21ac55 97.Fa fildes
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98is not associated with a character
99special device.
2d21ac55 100.\" ==========
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101.It Bq Er ENOTTY
102The specified request does not apply to the kind
103of object that the descriptor
2d21ac55 104.Fa fildes
9bccf70c 105references.
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106.El
107.Sh SEE ALSO
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108.Xr cdio 1 ,
109.Xr chio 1 ,
2d21ac55 110.Xr mt 1 ,
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111.Xr execve 2 ,
112.Xr fcntl 2 ,
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113.Xr intro 4 ,
114.Xr tty 4
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115.Sh HISTORY
116An
117.Fn ioctl
118function call appeared in
119.At v7 .