1 # @(#)southamerica 7.40
3 # $FreeBSD: src/share/zoneinfo/southamerica,v 1.16 2001/04/06 16:46:52 wollman Exp $
5 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
9 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
10 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
12 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
14 # Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
15 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
20 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
21 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
23 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
24 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
25 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
26 # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
27 # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
28 # in Europe and South America.
29 # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
30 # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
32 # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
33 # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
34 # "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
35 # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
36 # The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
37 # Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
38 # "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
39 # The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
40 # "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
41 # name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
42 # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
43 # Corrections are welcome!
45 # -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
46 # -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
47 # -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
50 ###############################################################################
52 ###############################################################################
56 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
57 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
58 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
60 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
61 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
63 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
64 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
65 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
67 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
68 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
69 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
70 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
71 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
72 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
73 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
74 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
75 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
77 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
78 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
79 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
80 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
81 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
82 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
83 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
84 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
85 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
87 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
88 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
89 Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
90 Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
91 Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
92 Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
93 Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
94 Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
95 Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
96 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
98 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
99 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
100 # obtaining the data from the:
101 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
102 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
104 # Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
105 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
106 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
108 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
109 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
110 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
111 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
113 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
114 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
115 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
116 # from the International Date Line.
117 Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
118 Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
120 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
121 # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
122 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
123 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
125 # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre@bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
126 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
127 # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
128 # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
130 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
132 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
133 # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
134 Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
135 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
137 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
138 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00
139 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
142 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
143 # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
144 Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
145 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
147 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
148 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
149 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
150 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
153 # Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
154 # Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
155 Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
156 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
158 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
159 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
160 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
161 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
165 Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
166 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
168 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
169 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
170 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
171 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
172 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
173 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
174 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
178 Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
179 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
181 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
182 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
184 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
185 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
186 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
190 Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
191 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
193 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
194 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
195 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
196 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
197 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
198 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
199 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
203 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
204 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
205 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
209 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
210 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
211 -4:32:36 - LPMT 1931 Oct 15 # La Paz Mean Time
212 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
213 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
217 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
218 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
219 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
220 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
221 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
222 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
224 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
225 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
226 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
227 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
228 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
229 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
231 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
232 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
233 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
234 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
235 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
236 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
237 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
238 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
239 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
240 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
241 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
242 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
243 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
244 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
245 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
246 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
247 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
248 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
250 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
251 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
252 # Brazilian official page
255 # From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
256 # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
257 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
258 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
260 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
261 # The official decrees referenced below are taken from
262 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
263 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
264 # </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
265 # The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
266 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
267 # Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
268 # </a> (in Portuguese).
270 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
271 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
272 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
273 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
274 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
275 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
276 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
278 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
279 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
280 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
281 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
282 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
283 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
284 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
285 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
287 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
288 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
289 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
290 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
291 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
292 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
293 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
294 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
295 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
296 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
297 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
298 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
299 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
300 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
301 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
302 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
303 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
304 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
306 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
307 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
308 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
309 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
310 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
311 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
312 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
313 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
314 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
315 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
316 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
317 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
318 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
319 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
320 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
321 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
322 # with the same exceptions
323 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
324 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
325 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
326 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
327 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
328 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
329 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
330 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
331 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
332 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
333 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
334 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
335 # adopted by same states.
336 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
337 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
338 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
339 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
340 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
341 # adopted by same states, minus AM.
342 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
343 # adopted by same states, plus TO.
344 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
346 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
347 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
348 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
349 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
350 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
351 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
352 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
353 # From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
354 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
355 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
356 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
357 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
358 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
360 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
361 # <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
362 # Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
364 # Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
366 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
367 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
368 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
370 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
371 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
372 # adopted by the same states as before.
373 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
374 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
375 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
376 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
377 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
378 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
379 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
380 Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
381 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
382 # adopted by the same states as before.
383 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
384 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
385 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
386 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
388 # These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses
389 # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
390 Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
391 Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
394 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
396 # Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz,
397 # Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
398 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
399 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
402 # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
403 # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
404 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
405 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
408 # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
410 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
411 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
412 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
413 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
416 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
417 Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
418 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
419 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
420 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
424 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
425 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
426 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
429 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
430 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
431 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
432 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
433 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
434 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
435 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
438 # Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
439 # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
440 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
441 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
442 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
446 # Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul
447 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
450 # west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
451 # West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
452 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
453 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
457 Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
458 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
459 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
460 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
463 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
464 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
465 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
466 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
467 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
470 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
471 # Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
472 Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
473 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
474 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
475 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
479 Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
480 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
486 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
487 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
488 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
490 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
491 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
492 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
494 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
495 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
496 # on April 3, (one-time change).
498 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
499 # I came across a Chilean on-line newspaper, La Tercera. Its
500 # <a href="http://www.tercera.cl/diario/1998/03/13/extras.html">
502 # </a>, says (my translation):
503 # "At 24:00 (midnight) tomorrow (Saturday) - 22:00 in the insular
504 # territory [Easter Island, Juan Fernandez, etc.] - winter time will
505 # begin in the entire country."
507 # From Paul Eggert (2001-02-21):
508 # Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
510 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
511 Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
512 Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
513 Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
514 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
515 Rule Chile 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
516 Rule Chile 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
517 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
518 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
519 Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
520 Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
521 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
522 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
523 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
524 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
525 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
526 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
528 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
529 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
530 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
533 # Whitman says Juan Fernandez Is are like America/Santiago.
534 # San Ambrosio, San Felix
535 # no information; probably like America/Santiago
539 # Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
540 # as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
541 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
542 Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
543 Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
544 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
545 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
546 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
547 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
548 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
549 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
552 # Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
553 # standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
554 # used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
555 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
556 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
557 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
558 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
562 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
563 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
564 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
565 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
566 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
568 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
572 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
573 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
574 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
576 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
577 # via Jesper Norgaard:
578 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
579 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
580 # September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
581 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
582 # Sunday 1 September.
584 # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
586 # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
587 # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
588 # what was said then:
590 # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
591 # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
592 # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
593 # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
594 # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
595 # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
596 # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
597 # and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
598 # is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
601 # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
602 # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
603 # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
605 # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
606 # Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
607 # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
608 # West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
609 # DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
610 # it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
612 # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
613 # which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
614 # the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
615 # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
617 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
618 # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
621 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
622 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
623 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
624 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
625 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
626 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
627 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
628 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
629 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
630 Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
631 Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
632 Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
633 Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
634 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
635 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
636 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
637 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
638 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
642 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
643 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
644 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
648 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
649 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
650 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
651 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
653 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
657 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
658 # Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
659 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
660 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
661 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
662 Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
663 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
664 Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
665 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
666 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
667 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
668 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
669 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
670 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
671 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
672 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
673 Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
674 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
675 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
676 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
679 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
680 # <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
681 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
683 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
684 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
685 # system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
686 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
687 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
688 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
690 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
691 # http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
693 Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
694 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
695 Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
696 # Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
697 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
698 Rule Para 1998 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
700 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
701 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
702 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
703 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
708 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
709 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
710 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
711 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
712 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
713 Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
714 Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
715 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
716 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
717 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
718 Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
719 Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
720 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
721 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
722 -5:09 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time
723 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
726 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
727 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
728 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
731 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
734 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
735 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
736 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
737 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
738 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
739 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
742 # Trinidad and Tobago
743 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
744 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
748 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
749 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
751 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
752 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
753 Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
754 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
755 Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
756 Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
757 # Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
758 Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
759 Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
760 Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
761 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
762 Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
763 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
764 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
765 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
766 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
767 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
768 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
769 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
770 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
771 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
772 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
773 Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
774 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
775 Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
776 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
777 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
778 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
779 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
780 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
781 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
782 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
783 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
784 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
785 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
786 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
787 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
788 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
789 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
790 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
791 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
792 # Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
793 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
794 Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
795 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
796 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
797 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
798 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
799 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
800 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
801 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
805 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
806 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
807 -4:27:44 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time
808 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
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