jot/jot.1

   1 .\"     $NetBSD: jot.1,v 1.3 1997/11/01 04:58:39 mycroft Exp $
   2 .\"
   3 .\" Copyright (c) 1993
   4 .\"     The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   5 .\"
   6 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   8 .\" are met:
   9 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  15 .\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
  16 .\"     This product includes software developed by the University of
  17 .\"     California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  18 .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  19 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  20 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
  21 .\"
  22 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  23 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  24 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  25 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  26 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  27 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  28 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  29 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  30 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  31 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  32 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
  33 .\"
  34 .\"     @(#)jot.1       8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  35 .\"
  36 .Dd November 1, 1997
  37 .Dt JOT 1
  38 .Os
  39 .Sh NAME
  40 .Nm jot
  41 .Nd print sequential or random data
  42 .Sh SYNOPSIS
  43 .Nm jot
  44 .Op Fl rcn
  45 .Op Fl b Ar word
  46 .Op Fl w Ar word
  47 .Op Fl s Ar string
  48 .Op Fl p Ar precision
  49 .Oo Ar reps
  50 .Oo Ar begin
  51 .Oo Ar end
  52 .Op Ar s
  53 .Oc
  54 .Oc
  55 .Oc
  56 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  57 The
  58 .Nm jot
  59 utility is used to print out increasing, decreasing, random,
  60 or redundant data (usually numbers) one per line.
  61 .Pp
  62 The following options are available:
  63 .Bl -tag -width indent
  64 .It Fl r
  65 Generate random data instead of sequential data, the default.
  66 .It Fl b Ar word
  67 Just print
  68 .Ar word
  69 repetitively.
  70 .It Fl w Ar word
  71 Print
  72 .Ar word
  73 with the generated data appended to it.
  74 Octal, hexadecimal, exponential, ASCII, zero padded,
  75 and right-adjusted representations
  76 are possible by using the appropriate
  77 .Xr printf 3
  78 conversion specification inside
  79 .Ar word ,
  80 in which case the data are inserted rather than appended.
  81 .It Fl c
  82 This is an abbreviation for \fB\-w %c\fP.
  83 .It Fl s Ar string
  84 Print data separated by
  85 .Ar string .
  86 Normally, newlines separate data.
  87 .It Fl n
  88 Do not print the final newline normally appended to the output.
  89 .It Fl p Ar precision
  90 Print only as many digits or characters of the data
  91 as indicated by the integer
  92 .Ar precision .
  93 In the absence of
  94 .Fl p ,
  95 the precision is the greater of the precisions of
  96 .Ar begin
  97 and
  98 .Ar end .
  99 The
 100 .Fl p
 101 option is overridden by whatever appears in a
 102 .Xr printf 3
 103 conversion following
 104 .Fl w .
 105 .El
 106 .Pp
 107 The last four arguments indicate, respectively,
 108 the number of data, the lower bound, the upper bound,
 109 and the step size or, for random data, the seed.
 110 While at least one of them must appear,
 111 any of the other three may be omitted, and
 112 will be considered as such if given as
 113 .Dq - .
 114 Any three of these arguments determines the fourth.
 115 If four are specified and the given and computed values of
 116 .Ar reps
 117 conflict, the lower value is used.
 118 If fewer than three are specified, defaults are assigned
 119 left to right, except for
 120 .Ar s ,
 121 which assumes its default unless both
 122 .Ar begin
 123 and
 124 .Ar end
 125 are given.
 126 .Pp
 127 Defaults for the four arguments are, respectively,
 128 100, 1, 100, and 1, except that when random data are requested,
 129 .Ar s
 130 defaults to a seed depending upon the time of day.
 131 .Ar reps
 132 is expected to be an unsigned integer,
 133 and if given as zero is taken to be infinite.
 134 .Ar begin
 135 and
 136 .Ar end
 137 may be given as real numbers or as characters
 138 representing the corresponding value in ASCII.
 139 The last argument must be a real number.
 140 .Pp
 141 Random numbers are obtained through
 142 .Xr random 3 .
 143 The name
 144 .Nm jot
 145 derives in part from
 146 .Nm iota ,
 147 a function in APL.
 148 .Sh EXAMPLES
 149 The command:
 150 .Dl "jot 21 \-1 1.00"
 151 prints 21 evenly spaced numbers increasing from \-1 to 1.
 152 .Pp
 153 The command:
 154 .Dl "jot \-c 128 0"
 155 prints the ASCII character set.
 156 .Pp
 157 The command:
 158 .Dl "jot \-w xa%c 26 a"
 159 prints the strings
 160 .Dq xaa
 161 through
 162 .Dq xaz .
 163 .Pp
 164 The command:
 165 .Dl "jot \-r \-c 160 a z | rs \-g 0 8"
 166 prints 20 random 8-letter strings.
 167 .Pp
 168 The command:
 169 .Dl "jot \-b y 0"
 170 is equivalent to
 171 .Xr yes 1 .
 172 .Pp
 173 The command:
 174 .Dl "jot \-w %ds/old/new/ 30 2 \- 5"
 175 prints thirty
 176 .Xr ed 1
 177 substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc.
 178 .Pp
 179 The command:
 180 .Dl "jot 0 9 \- \-.5"
 181 prints the stuttering sequence 9, 9, 8, 8, 7, etc.
 182 .Pp
 183 The command:
 184 .Dl "jot \-b x 512 > block"
 185 creates a file containing exactly 1024 bytes.
 186 .Pp
 187 The command:
 188 .Dl "expand \-\`jot \-s, \- 10 132 4\`"
 189 sets tabs four spaces apart starting
 190 from column 10 and ending in column 132.
 191 .Pp
 192 The command:
 193 .Dl "grep \`jot \-s """" \-b . 80\`"
 194 prints all lines 80 characters or longer.
 195 .Sh SEE ALSO
 196 .Xr ed 1 ,
 197 .Xr expand 1 ,
 198 .Xr rs 1 ,
 199 .Xr yes 1 ,
 200 .Xr printf 3 ,
 201 .Xr random 3