.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Tim J. Robbins. All rights reserved.
.\" Copyright (c) 1993
.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
.\" Donn Seeley of BSDI.
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.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" From @(#)multibyte.3	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
.\" From FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/locale/multibyte.3,v 1.22 2003/11/08 03:23:11 tjr Exp
.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/locale/wctomb.3,v 1.4 2007/01/09 00:28:01 imp Exp $
.\"
.Dd April 8, 2004
.Dt WCTOMB 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm wctomb ,
.Nm wctomb_l
.Nd convert a wide-character code to a character
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In stdlib.h
.Ft int
.Fo wctomb
.Fa "char *s"
.Fa "wchar_t wchar"
.Fc
.In stdlib.h
.In xlocale.h
.Ft int
.Fo wctomb_l
.Fa "char *s"
.Fa "wchar_t wchar"
.Fa "locale_t loc"
.Fc
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn wctomb
function converts a wide character,
.Fa wchar ,
into a multibyte character and stores the result in
.Fa s .
The object pointed to by
.Fa s
must be large enough to accommodate the multibyte character,
which may be up to
.Dv MB_LEN_MAX
bytes.
.Pp
A call with a null
.Fa s
pointer returns nonzero if the current locale requires shift states,
zero otherwise;
if shift states are required, the shift state is reset to the initial state.
.Pp
Although the
.Fn wctomb
function uses the current locale, the
.Fn wctomb_l
function may be passed a locale directly. See
.Xr xlocale 3
for more information.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
If
.Fa s
is
.Dv NULL ,
the
.Fn wctomb
function returns nonzero if shift states are supported,
zero otherwise.
If
.Fa s
is valid,
.Fn wctomb
returns
the number of bytes processed in
.Fa s ,
or \-1 if no multibyte character
could be recognized or converted.
In this case,
.Fn wctomb Ns 's
internal conversion state is undefined.
.Sh ERRORS
The
.Fn wctomb
function will fail if:
.Bl -tag -width Er
.It Bq Er EILSEQ
An invalid multibyte sequence was detected.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
The internal conversion state is invalid.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mbtowc 3 ,
.Xr wcrtomb 3 ,
.Xr wcstombs 3 ,
.Xr wctob 3 ,
.Xr xlocale 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn wctomb
function conforms to
.St -isoC-99 .