stdlib/FreeBSD/getopt_long.c

   1 /*      $OpenBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.21 2006/09/22 17:22:05 millert Exp $        */
   2 /*      $NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.15 2002/01/31 22:43:40 tv Exp $      */
   3
   4 /*
   5  * Copyright (c) 2002 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
   6  *
   7  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
   8  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
   9  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
  10  *
  11  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
  12  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  13  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
  14  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
  15  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
  16  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
  17  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  18  *
  19  * Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
  20  * Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force
  21  * Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512.
  22  */
  23 /*-
  24  * Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
  25  * All rights reserved.
  26  *
  27  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
  28  * by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.
  29  *
  30  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  31  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  32  * are met:
  33  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  34  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  35  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  36  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  37  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  38  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  39  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  40  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
  41  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
  42  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
  43  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  44  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
  45  *
  46  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
  47  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
  48  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
  49  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
  50  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
  51  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
  52  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
  53  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
  54  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
  55  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
  56  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  57  */
  58
  59 #if 0
  60 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
  61 static char *rcsid = "$OpenBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.16 2004/02/04 18:17:25 millert Exp $";
  62 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
  63 #endif
  64 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  65 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdlib/getopt_long.c,v 1.15 2006/09/23 14:48:31 ache Exp $");
  66
  67 #include <err.h>
  68 #include <errno.h>
  69 #include <getopt.h>
  70 #include <stdlib.h>
  71 #include <string.h>
  72
  73 #define GNU_COMPATIBLE          /* Be more compatible, configure's use us! */
  74
  75 #if 0                           /* we prefer to keep our getopt(3) */
  76 #define REPLACE_GETOPT          /* use this getopt as the system getopt(3) */
  77 #endif
  78
  79 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
  80 int     opterr = 1;             /* if error message should be printed */
  81 int     optind = 1;             /* index into parent argv vector */
  82 int     optopt = '?';           /* character checked for validity */
  83 int     optreset;               /* reset getopt */
  84 char    *optarg;                /* argument associated with option */
  85 #endif
  86
  87 #define PRINT_ERROR     ((opterr) && (*options != ':'))
  88
  89 #define FLAG_PERMUTE    0x01    /* permute non-options to the end of argv */
  90 #define FLAG_ALLARGS    0x02    /* treat non-options as args to option "-1" */
  91 #define FLAG_LONGONLY   0x04    /* operate as getopt_long_only */
  92
  93 /* return values */
  94 #define BADCH           (int)'?'
  95 #define BADARG          ((*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?')
  96 #define INORDER         (int)1
  97
  98 #define EMSG            ""
  99
 100 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 101 #define NO_PREFIX       (-1)
 102 #define D_PREFIX        0
 103 #define DD_PREFIX       1
 104 #define W_PREFIX        2
 105 #endif
 106
 107 static int getopt_internal(int, char * const *, const char *,
 108                            const struct option *, int *, int);
 109 static int parse_long_options(char * const *, const char *,
 110                               const struct option *, int *, int, int);
 111 static int gcd(int, int);
 112 static void permute_args(int, int, int, char * const *);
 113
 114 static char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */
 115
 116 /* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */
 117 static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */
 118 static int nonopt_end = -1;   /* first option after non options (for permute) */
 119
 120 /* Error messages */
 121 static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c";
 122 static const char illoptchar[] = "illegal option -- %c"; /* From P1003.2 */
 123 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 124 static int dash_prefix = NO_PREFIX;
 125 static const char gnuoptchar[] = "invalid option -- %c";
 126
 127 static const char recargstring[] = "option `%s%s' requires an argument";
 128 static const char ambig[] = "option `%s%.*s' is ambiguous";
 129 static const char noarg[] = "option `%s%.*s' doesn't allow an argument";
 130 static const char illoptstring[] = "unrecognized option `%s%s'";
 131 #else
 132 static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s";
 133 static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s";
 134 static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s";
 135 static const char illoptstring[] = "unknown option -- %s";
 136 #endif
 137
 138 /*
 139  * Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b.
 140  */
 141 static int
 142 gcd(int a, int b)
 143 {
 144         int c;
 145
 146         c = a % b;
 147         while (c != 0) {
 148                 a = b;
 149                 b = c;
 150                 c = a % b;
 151         }
 152
 153         return (b);
 154 }
 155
 156 /*
 157  * Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block
 158  * from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments
 159  * in each block).
 160  */
 161 static void
 162 permute_args(int panonopt_start, int panonopt_end, int opt_end,
 163         char * const *nargv)
 164 {
 165         int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos;
 166         char *swap;
 167
 168         /*
 169          * compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles
 170          */
 171         nnonopts = panonopt_end - panonopt_start;
 172         nopts = opt_end - panonopt_end;
 173         ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts);
 174         cyclelen = (opt_end - panonopt_start) / ncycle;
 175
 176         for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) {
 177                 cstart = panonopt_end+i;
 178                 pos = cstart;
 179                 for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) {
 180                         if (pos >= panonopt_end)
 181                                 pos -= nnonopts;
 182                         else
 183                                 pos += nopts;
 184                         swap = nargv[pos];
 185                         /* LINTED const cast */
 186                         ((char **) nargv)[pos] = nargv[cstart];
 187                         /* LINTED const cast */
 188                         ((char **)nargv)[cstart] = swap;
 189                 }
 190         }
 191 }
 192
 193 /*
 194  * parse_long_options --
 195  *      Parse long options in argc/argv argument vector.
 196  * Returns -1 if short_too is set and the option does not match long_options.
 197  */
 198 static int
 199 parse_long_options(char * const *nargv, const char *options,
 200         const struct option *long_options, int *idx, int short_too, int flags)
 201 {
 202         char *current_argv, *has_equal;
 203 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 204         char *current_dash;
 205 #endif
 206         size_t current_argv_len;
 207         int i, match, exact_match, second_partial_match;
 208
 209         current_argv = place;
 210 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 211         switch (dash_prefix) {
 212                 case D_PREFIX:
 213                         current_dash = "-";
 214                         break;
 215                 case DD_PREFIX:
 216                         current_dash = "--";
 217                         break;
 218                 case W_PREFIX:
 219                         current_dash = "-W ";
 220                         break;
 221                 default:
 222                         current_dash = "";
 223                         break;
 224         }
 225 #endif
 226         match = -1;
 227         exact_match = 0;
 228         second_partial_match = 0;
 229
 230         optind++;
 231
 232         if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) {
 233                 /* argument found (--option=arg) */
 234                 current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv;
 235                 has_equal++;
 236         } else
 237                 current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv);
 238
 239         for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) {
 240                 /* find matching long option */
 241                 if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name,
 242                     current_argv_len))
 243                         continue;
 244
 245                 if (strlen(long_options[i].name) == current_argv_len) {
 246                         /* exact match */
 247                         match = i;
 248                         exact_match = 1;
 249                         break;
 250                 }
 251                 /*
 252                  * If this is a known short option, don't allow
 253                  * a partial match of a single character.
 254                  */
 255                 if (short_too && current_argv_len == 1)
 256                         continue;
 257
 258                 if (match == -1)        /* first partial match */
 259                         match = i;
 260                 else if ((flags & FLAG_LONGONLY) ||
 261                          long_options[i].has_arg !=
 262                              long_options[match].has_arg ||
 263                          long_options[i].flag != long_options[match].flag ||
 264                          long_options[i].val != long_options[match].val)
 265                         second_partial_match = 1;
 266         }
 267         if (!exact_match && second_partial_match) {
 268                 /* ambiguous abbreviation */
 269                 if (PRINT_ERROR)
 270                         warnx(ambig,
 271 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 272                              current_dash,
 273 #endif
 274                              (int)current_argv_len,
 275                              current_argv);
 276                 optopt = 0;
 277                 return (BADCH);
 278         }
 279         if (match != -1) {              /* option found */
 280                 if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument
 281                     && has_equal) {
 282                         if (PRINT_ERROR)
 283                                 warnx(noarg,
 284 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 285                                      current_dash,
 286 #endif
 287                                      (int)current_argv_len,
 288                                      current_argv);
 289                         /*
 290                          * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag
 291                          */
 292                         if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
 293                                 optopt = long_options[match].val;
 294                         else
 295                                 optopt = 0;
 296 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 297                         return (BADCH);
 298 #else
 299                         return (BADARG);
 300 #endif
 301                 }
 302                 if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument ||
 303                     long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) {
 304                         if (has_equal)
 305                                 optarg = has_equal;
 306                         else if (long_options[match].has_arg ==
 307                             required_argument) {
 308                                 /*
 309                                  * optional argument doesn't use next nargv
 310                                  */
 311                                 optarg = nargv[optind++];
 312                         }
 313                 }
 314                 if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument)
 315                     && (optarg == NULL)) {
 316                         /*
 317                          * Missing argument; leading ':' indicates no error
 318                          * should be generated.
 319                          */
 320                         if (PRINT_ERROR)
 321                                 warnx(recargstring,
 322 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 323                                     current_dash,
 324 #endif
 325                                     current_argv);
 326                         /*
 327                          * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag
 328                          */
 329                         if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
 330                                 optopt = long_options[match].val;
 331                         else
 332                                 optopt = 0;
 333                         --optind;
 334                         return (BADARG);
 335                 }
 336         } else {                        /* unknown option */
 337                 if (short_too) {
 338                         --optind;
 339                         return (-1);
 340                 }
 341                 if (PRINT_ERROR)
 342                         warnx(illoptstring,
 343 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 344                               current_dash,
 345 #endif
 346                               current_argv);
 347                 optopt = 0;
 348                 return (BADCH);
 349         }
 350         if (idx)
 351                 *idx = match;
 352         if (long_options[match].flag) {
 353                 *long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val;
 354                 return (0);
 355         } else
 356                 return (long_options[match].val);
 357 }
 358
 359 /*
 360  * getopt_internal --
 361  *      Parse argc/argv argument vector.  Called by user level routines.
 362  */
 363 static int
 364 getopt_internal(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options,
 365         const struct option *long_options, int *idx, int flags)
 366 {
 367         char *oli;                              /* option letter list index */
 368         int optchar, short_too;
 369         int posixly_correct;    /* no static, can be changed on the fly */
 370
 371         if (options == NULL)
 372                 return (-1);
 373
 374         /*
 375          * Disable GNU extensions if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set or options
 376          * string begins with a '+'.
 377          */
 378         posixly_correct = (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL);
 379 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 380         if (*options == '-')
 381                 flags |= FLAG_ALLARGS;
 382         else if (posixly_correct || *options == '+')
 383                 flags &= ~FLAG_PERMUTE;
 384 #else
 385         if (posixly_correct || *options == '+')
 386                 flags &= ~FLAG_PERMUTE;
 387         else if (*options == '-')
 388                 flags |= FLAG_ALLARGS;
 389 #endif
 390         if (*options == '+' || *options == '-')
 391                 options++;
 392
 393         /*
 394          * XXX Some GNU programs (like cvs) set optind to 0 instead of
 395          * XXX using optreset.  Work around this braindamage.
 396          */
 397         if (optind == 0)
 398                 optind = optreset = 1;
 399
 400         optarg = NULL;
 401         if (optreset)
 402                 nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
 403 start:
 404         if (optreset || !*place) {              /* update scanning pointer */
 405                 optreset = 0;
 406                 if (optind >= nargc) {          /* end of argument vector */
 407                         place = EMSG;
 408                         if (nonopt_end != -1) {
 409                                 /* do permutation, if we have to */
 410                                 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
 411                                     optind, nargv);
 412                                 optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
 413                         }
 414                         else if (nonopt_start != -1) {
 415                                 /*
 416                                  * If we skipped non-options, set optind
 417                                  * to the first of them.
 418                                  */
 419                                 optind = nonopt_start;
 420                         }
 421                         nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
 422                         return (-1);
 423                 }
 424                 if (*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-' ||
 425 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 426                     place[1] == '\0') {
 427 #else
 428                     (place[1] == '\0' && strchr(options, '-') == NULL)) {
 429 #endif
 430                         place = EMSG;           /* found non-option */
 431                         if (flags & FLAG_ALLARGS) {
 432                                 /*
 433                                  * GNU extension:
 434                                  * return non-option as argument to option 1
 435                                  */
 436                                 optarg = nargv[optind++];
 437                                 return (INORDER);
 438                         }
 439                         if (!(flags & FLAG_PERMUTE)) {
 440                                 /*
 441                                  * If no permutation wanted, stop parsing
 442                                  * at first non-option.
 443                                  */
 444                                 return (-1);
 445                         }
 446                         /* do permutation */
 447                         if (nonopt_start == -1)
 448                                 nonopt_start = optind;
 449                         else if (nonopt_end != -1) {
 450                                 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
 451                                     optind, nargv);
 452                                 nonopt_start = optind -
 453                                     (nonopt_end - nonopt_start);
 454                                 nonopt_end = -1;
 455                         }
 456                         optind++;
 457                         /* process next argument */
 458                         goto start;
 459                 }
 460                 if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1)
 461                         nonopt_end = optind;
 462
 463                 /*
 464                  * If we have "-" do nothing, if "--" we are done.
 465                  */
 466                 if (place[1] != '\0' && *++place == '-' && place[1] == '\0') {
 467                         optind++;
 468                         place = EMSG;
 469                         /*
 470                          * We found an option (--), so if we skipped
 471                          * non-options, we have to permute.
 472                          */
 473                         if (nonopt_end != -1) {
 474                                 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
 475                                     optind, nargv);
 476                                 optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
 477                         }
 478                         nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
 479                         return (-1);
 480                 }
 481         }
 482
 483         /*
 484          * Check long options if:
 485          *  1) we were passed some
 486          *  2) the arg is not just "-"
 487          *  3) either the arg starts with -- we are getopt_long_only()
 488          */
 489         if (long_options != NULL && place != nargv[optind] &&
 490             (*place == '-' || (flags & FLAG_LONGONLY))) {
 491                 short_too = 0;
 492 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 493                 dash_prefix = D_PREFIX;
 494 #endif
 495                 if (*place == '-') {
 496                         place++;                /* --foo long option */
 497 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 498                         dash_prefix = DD_PREFIX;
 499 #endif
 500                 } else if (*place != ':' && strchr(options, *place) != NULL)
 501                         short_too = 1;          /* could be short option too */
 502
 503                 optchar = parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options,
 504                     idx, short_too, flags);
 505                 if (optchar != -1) {
 506                         place = EMSG;
 507                         return (optchar);
 508                 }
 509         }
 510
 511         if ((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':' ||
 512             (optchar == (int)'-' && *place != '\0') ||
 513             (oli = strchr(options, optchar)) == NULL) {
 514                 /*
 515                  * If the user specified "-" and  '-' isn't listed in
 516                  * options, return -1 (non-option) as per POSIX.
 517                  * Otherwise, it is an unknown option character (or ':').
 518                  */
 519                 if (optchar == (int)'-' && *place == '\0')
 520                         return (-1);
 521                 if (!*place)
 522                         ++optind;
 523 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 524                 if (PRINT_ERROR)
 525                         warnx(posixly_correct ? illoptchar : gnuoptchar,
 526                               optchar);
 527 #else
 528                 if (PRINT_ERROR)
 529                         warnx(illoptchar, optchar);
 530 #endif
 531                 optopt = optchar;
 532                 return (BADCH);
 533         }
 534         if (long_options != NULL && optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') {
 535                 /* -W long-option */
 536                 if (*place)                     /* no space */
 537                         /* NOTHING */;
 538                 else if (++optind >= nargc) {   /* no arg */
 539                         place = EMSG;
 540                         if (PRINT_ERROR)
 541                                 warnx(recargchar, optchar);
 542                         optopt = optchar;
 543                         return (BADARG);
 544                 } else                          /* white space */
 545                         place = nargv[optind];
 546 #ifdef GNU_COMPATIBLE
 547                 dash_prefix = W_PREFIX;
 548 #endif
 549                 optchar = parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options,
 550                     idx, 0, flags);
 551                 place = EMSG;
 552                 return (optchar);
 553         }
 554         if (*++oli != ':') {                    /* doesn't take argument */
 555                 if (!*place)
 556                         ++optind;
 557         } else {                                /* takes (optional) argument */
 558                 optarg = NULL;
 559                 if (*place)                     /* no white space */
 560                         optarg = place;
 561                 else if (oli[1] != ':') {       /* arg not optional */
 562                         if (++optind >= nargc) {        /* no arg */
 563                                 place = EMSG;
 564                                 if (PRINT_ERROR)
 565                                         warnx(recargchar, optchar);
 566                                 optopt = optchar;
 567                                 return (BADARG);
 568                         } else
 569                                 optarg = nargv[optind];
 570                 }
 571                 place = EMSG;
 572                 ++optind;
 573         }
 574         /* dump back option letter */
 575         return (optchar);
 576 }
 577
 578 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
 579 /*
 580  * getopt --
 581  *      Parse argc/argv argument vector.
 582  *
 583  * [eventually this will replace the BSD getopt]
 584  */
 585 int
 586 getopt(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options)
 587 {
 588
 589         /*
 590          * We don't pass FLAG_PERMUTE to getopt_internal() since
 591          * the BSD getopt(3) (unlike GNU) has never done this.
 592          *
 593          * Furthermore, since many privileged programs call getopt()
 594          * before dropping privileges it makes sense to keep things
 595          * as simple (and bug-free) as possible.
 596          */
 597         return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, NULL, NULL, 0));
 598 }
 599 #endif /* REPLACE_GETOPT */
 600
 601 /*
 602  * getopt_long --
 603  *      Parse argc/argv argument vector.
 604  */
 605 int
 606 getopt_long(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options,
 607         const struct option *long_options, int *idx)
 608 {
 609
 610         return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx,
 611             FLAG_PERMUTE));
 612 }
 613
 614 /*
 615  * getopt_long_only --
 616  *      Parse argc/argv argument vector.
 617  */
 618 int
 619 getopt_long_only(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options,
 620         const struct option *long_options, int *idx)
 621 {
 622
 623         return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx,
 624             FLAG_PERMUTE|FLAG_LONGONLY));
 625 }